TUE 



TRIBUTE BOOK 



A RECORD OF 



THE MUNIFICENCE, SELF-SACRIFICE 



PATRIOTISM 



OF 



THE AMERICAN PEOPLE 

DURING THE WAU FOR THE UNIOX. 

lUustnittt 
BY FRAXK B. GOODRICH, 

AUTIIOE OF "tub COURT OF NAPOLEON," ETC. 



'* A Tribute of a free-will offering." — Deut. xvi. io. 



sF/>- 



/= NEW YORK: 
PUBLISHED BY DERBY & MILLER. 
18 65. 



^''"'< 

^.O' 




a A. ALVnRD, EI.ECTROTTPFR AND rRIXTKR, 





' / / '"V In'. 



"h i-^t:^^ 













aj^c^ 






MMm Book contains the stoiy of seventy millions of dollars. 
Ordinarily, INIillions do not furnish an interesting or an instructive 
theme; he who writes tlieir history has generally little to tell 
but a tale of selfishness and greed, or at best, of dogged in- 
dustry or stubborn self-denial. It is rare that he who collects 
the chronicles of dollars and cents, jiounds, shillings and pence, 
can lay before the reader such a record of self-sacrifice as the 
following Images embody. These are not the annals of mercan- 
tile shrewdness, of wealth heaped up by toil or avarice, of 
riches painfully gathered by patience or speedily swept together 
by genius or fortune : they are the records of money given, 
not money earned ; of a labor of love, not of labor for hire 
and salary ; of purse-strings unloosed, of the latch-string hang- 
ing free, of self-assessment, of tribute rendered always willingly, 
often unasked. This volume, in a word, is a digest — the 
materials for twenty such having been condensed into one — of 
the ways and means by which the American people, having 
been taxed to pay three thousand millions of dollars for the 
prosecution of a war — of their own accord, without tax or loll, 
collected and expended nearly seventy millions more. Its contents, 



4 PREFACE. 

varied in their details, have, fondamentally, but one source, 
and treat of but one i^urpose. The intent was one and the 
same, whether the particular object in view was to promote 
enlistments, to procure representative recruits, to relieve drafted 
men, to succor the flxmilies of volunteers, to sustain the efficiency 
of the army, to care for the sick and wounded, to send aid 
to the distressed Unionist within the rebel lines, to feed the 
impoverished operative abroad, to build soldiers' rests, to endow 
orphan asylums, to give homes to living officers and erect 
monuments to dead ones. Our subject is the private generos- 
ity, the munificence, the philanthropy, of the War for the 
Union ; and no form in Avhich money has been obtained — out- 
side of taxation, legislation, and appropriation, whether by states, 
counties, or towns — and expended for any purpose connected 
with the ijrosecution of the war, has l)een knowinirlv omitted. 
This stated, there is little else requiring notice in these 
preliminary pages. A grateful duty remains to the compiler 

— for compilation and annotation have been his principal labors 

— that of acknowledging the assistance received, without which 
not one page could have been prepared, nor one fact obtained. 
A book like this has not been produced without the asking 
of innumerable questions; and tliose to whom they have been 
addressed, have, in no case, let them pass unheeded, though 
they had often, doubtless, many more pressing things to do than 
answering them. To the corresponding secretaries of the various 
associations whose labors are here recorded, the thanks of the 
publishers are due, and are hereby cordially offered. To the 
presidents of the several commissions, to the superintendents of 
soldiers' homes and asylums, to the treasurers of bounty and 
defence funds, to all who have aiforded aid, the publishers 
gratefully confess their indebtedness. 

One other debt they have to acknowledge, even if they 
are never able to pay it. Unassisted, they could not have 
assumed the financial responsibility of an undertaking so serious 



PREFACE. 5 

as the present; nor is it probable that any of their colleagues 
of the book-producing profession would have cared to take upon 
themselves a burden, in one sense, so exhausting. It was fortunate 
that the gentleman who conceived the idea of collecting these 
chronicles and of laying them before the public in an attractive 
form, possessed also the means ; fortunate, too, that, having 
the means to work out the idea, he was not afraid to use 
them. If the public finds The Tribute Book a welcome ad- 
dition to the shelf or the table, if it discovers that the frame 
is not altogether unworthy of the canvas, if it sees any reason 
to rejoice that American designers and engravers upon wood, 
American paper-makers, American printers and binders have been 
enabled, in the exercise of their seveVal arts and handicrafts, 
to bestow a fitting dress upon a peculiarly American theme, 
it will doubtless be glad to know whom to thank. Mr. 
George Jones, once of Vermont, now of New York, one of 
the proprietors of the New York Times, is the projector and 
patron of this work. Without saying that the seventy millions' 
voluntary outlay will become seventy-one milUons, if this enter- 
prise ends in disaster, we may hint that the responsibility is 
quite enough for one pair of shoulders, and that, large or small, 
it has been gallantly borne. 

The Tribute Book is offered to the public, in the belief 
that the records are of value, whether they have been skil- 
fully collected or not, and that the people, who, for four 
years, have been making history, will not regret that one 
phase of it is thus early committed to print. 

New York, August, 18G5. 




A'o. SuhjecL 

1. TITLE 

2. ORNAMENTAL BOIiDKlt .... 
COPYKIOIIT 

3. LETTERING 

4. " 

5. DEDICATION 

6. INITIAL LETTER 

7. VALLEY FiniGE 

8. LADIES OF PHILADELPHIA WORKING FOU 1 

WASHINGTON'S ARMY . . . . \ 

9 VIGNETTE 

10. THE FIRST SUBSCRIPTION .... 

11. INITIAL LETTER 

12. NEW BOOTS FOR OLD .... 

13. THE FRIGATE VANDEEBILT 

14. "THERE LET IT WAVE. AS IT WAVED OF OLD- 
IS. THE LADIES OF AUGUSTA TREATING THE 1 

> Nast . 
THIRD MAINE TO DOUGHNUTS . . i 

16. VIGNETTE ....... SuEAEJi.ix 

n. SI.^C AND EIGHTY-SIS KNITTIMG FOR THE J 

>- WUITE 

SOLDIERS ) 

18. VIGNETTE ....... Seieauman 



Designed hy 


Engravecl hy 


Page 


Nast . 


. Richardson 




HorilSTElN 


Bross 


'I 


Will . 


. Trent 


2 


" . . 


N. Oer . 


3 


IlrrcncocK 


■■ 


7 


Will 


. Trent . To Face li 


SllKARM\N 


. Richardson 


15 


NiST 


Davis 


•21) 


BlLLIXGS 


Richardson . 


tl 


Will . 


. . 


. 25 


MoLenan 


. . 


26 


Hitchcock 


. . 


. 20 


Nast . 


. Davis . 


40 


Fesx . 


N. Ore . . . 


. 41 


Hows . 


. RlCHAEDSON . 


4J 



Davis 



45 



70 



. IllCUABDSON 



8 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



19. THE UNITED STATES SANITARY COMMISSION . 
POETKAir OF DK. BELLOWS 

20. THE SANITAKY CO.MMISSION IN THE UOSPITAL 

21. BEFOEE THE BATTLE 

22. ALEKT 

23. SANITARY CHARADE : METAPHYSICIAN 

24. CUILDEEN-S SOLDIERS' FAIR 

25. FAIR UPON A DOOR-STEP .... 

26. PICKING BLACKBERRIES FOR THE SOLDIERS 

27. OFFICE OF A SOLDIERS' AID SOCIETY . 

28. VIGNETTE 

29. AID SOCIETY'S AID 

30. STRAWBERRY FESTIVAL FOR THE SOLDIERS . 

31. MR. MURDOCK READING TO SOLDIERS IN A | 

HOSPITAL I 

32. MINUTE-MAN OF KALAMAZOO 

33. SANITARY CHARADE .... 

34. BUSY FINGERS 

35. INITIAL LETTER 

36. THE LAKE COUNTY DELEGATION . 

37. THE CHICAGO FAIR DININGHALL 

38. ELLSWORTH ZOUAVE DRILL .... 

39. DISCOVERY OF A BALANCE OF ONE CEN I' . 

40. SANTA CLAUS ASSISTING THE LADIES OF 

CINCINNATI 

41. COMMITTEE ON ENTERTAINMENT OF STRAN- ( 

GERS, AT WORK .... I 

42. WORK OF THE COMMITTEE ON EVERGREENS . 

43. SALE OF CHRISTMAS TREES IN GREENWOOD 1 

HALL i 

44. VIGNETTE 

45. THE BROOKLYN AND LONG ISLAND FAIR . 

46. THE OLD WO.MAN WHO LIVED IN A SHOE 

47. NEW ENGLAND KITCHEN; A QUILTING PARTY . 



"I 



Designed by 


Engraved hy 


Pnge 


Nast . 


Davis 


TT 


VTlLL . 




77 


Xast . 


BoiIIfETT ^ lIoDpKR . So 


Fenn 


. N. Okr . 


ST 


WUITE 


^- . . 


. SS 


McLenan 


. RiCHAEDSON 


. S9 


Howard 


Davis . 


93 


■WuiTE . 


. N. Or.K 


. 101 


Nast . 


Davis . 


103 
. Ill 


Heerick . 


N. Oer . 


ll:J 


- 


. " . . 


. 119 


IIOPPIN 


RiCnARDSON . 


121 


A. R. Waud . 


Richardson 


. 127 


LUMLEY 


. . 


187 


McLenan 


. N. Oee 


. 146 


IIOPPIS 


"... 


157 


HlTCUCOCK 


. Teent 


. 158 


Cart 


RirUAEDSON . 


ICl 
. 164 


Nast . 


Davis 


167 


Ilopprx . 


. N. Oer . 


. 173 


Stephens . 


RiCHAEDSON . 


180 


McLexan 


. Brightly 


. 182 



Heeeick 



N. Gee 



1S4 



" 


" ... 


189 


McNevin 


. Richardson 


. 190 


Whitney . 


N. Oee . 


194 


Chapman 


. FIL.MER 


. 197 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Dettiffneif btj 

IIoCUSTF.lX 
('II.VPMIN 
WlIITNEV . 
IIOPPIN . 



No. Subject. 

48. WAX FLOWEKS AT THE BKOOKLYN FAIH . 

49. NEW ENGLAND KITCHEN: APPLE PAUINci 

50. THE FAIPv NEWSPAPEES .... 

51. THE SUGAE PENDULUM .... 

52. AEMOEi" OF THE '22T> KEOIMENT ARRANGED 1 

FOE THE MEXnOPOLITAN FAIR . i 

53. sanita;:t voting .... 

54. the heart of the andes 
65. illustrated concert peogramme 

portraits of gottschalk and barili . 
5g. episode in optics : only ten cents . 

57. vignette 

58. vignette 

59. vignette ...... 

60. vignette 

61. vignette 

62. vignette 

63. vignette 

64. vignette 

65. vignette 

66. scene in the metropolitan fair . 

67. illusteated dramatic programme . 
poeteait of edwin booth ... 
poetraits of mes. john hoey and .j. les- 1 

y Will . 
TEE WALLACE I 

68. VIGNETTE ....... Heueick 

69. TATTOO . Nabt . 

70. SCENE OF THE GREAT CENTRAL FAIR OK) 

LrMLEY . 

PHILADELPHIA . . . . ( 

71. MAKING BOUQUETS FOR THE FAIR . 

72. SANITAP.Y FAIE POST-OFFICE 

73. MILITAEY VASE .... 

74. ILLUSTEATED PEOGRAMME . 

75. ONE DAY'S LABOE, ONE DAY'S INCOME . 



HOGAN 

Nast 

Hebkick 

M.'Sevis 

WlLL . 

White . 

IIOUAN 

MoLenan 

IIOGAN 

White . 
Hbrkk^i^ 

IIOGAN . 
llEREirK 

Billings 
Herrick 

HOOAI? 

McNevin 



WUITE 

HOQAN 
IIoPPIN 

Na.st . 



Eiigt-itve^l }t>j 
RirnARi>3oN . 

FiLMER 

N. Obr . 



Davis 
N. Our 



9 

J'ufje 
201 



209 
217 

219 

221 
223 



. RionARDSoN To Face 221 
224 



N. Orr 



BRianTLY 

N. Orr 



225 

. 226 

22T 

. 229 

" .... 233 

.... 235 

236 

. 23S 

289 

" ... 211 

" ... 241 

. Richardson To Face 242 

• " 242 

" " 212 

. 244 
245 

. . 249 



N. Ore 
Filmeu . 

N. Gee 



. . . . ^^3 

.... 255 

266 

BouuETT Jc Huoi'er To Face 26S 

Davis . . " 200 



10 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



JV'O. Subject. 

IS. VIGNETTE 

11. VIGNETTE 

18. VIGNETTE 

19. VIGNETTE 

80. VIGNETTE 

81. VIGNETTE 

82. VIGNETTE 

83 VIGNETTE 

84. VIGNETTE 

85. SANITARY r.E.\PEK 

86. A 8TAGE-C0ACU CONCEKT IN IOWA 

81. MINNEHAHA 

88. SCENE OF THE SECOND CHICAGO FAIR . 

89. THE WESTERN SANITARY COMMISSION 
PORTRAIT OF JAMES E. TEAT.MAN 

90. MISSISSIPPI RIVER HOSPITAL STEAMER . 
91 St)LDIERS' HOME AT MEMPHIS . 

92. SANITARY SODA 

93. A COMMITTEE ON LIVE STOCK . 

94. CUTTING WOOD IN THE NORTHWEST FOR ( 

SOLDIERS' WIVES . . . . ) 

95. VIGNETTE 

96. THE MAGIC LANTERN IN THE HOSPITAL 

91. INITI.U, LETTER 

98. " 

99. " 

100. THE CHRISTIAN COMMISSION . . . . 
PORTRAIT OF GEORGE H. STUART 

101. CHRISTIAN COMMISSION IN THE FIELD . 

102. A GUNBOAT SUBSCRIPTION IN AID OF TlIK | 

CHRISTIAN COMMISSION . . . \ 

103. BALTIMORE PARALLELS . . . . 

104. CHRISTIAN AND SANITARY TABLEAU: RE- 1 

BECCA AND ROWENA . . . ■ ] 



DeKigvetl hi/ 


Engraved hy 


Page 


Fenn . 


. N. Oku 


. 261 


Billings . 


IIOEY 


262 


Herrick 


. N. Oi:p. 


. 264 


IIOGAN 


... 


260 


IIeeeick 


. " . . 


. 267 


McLenan . 


... 


268 


HOPPIN . 


. . 


. 270 


LUMLEY 


IllCIIARDSON . 


271 

. 272 


IIerrick . 


N. Ohr . 


278 


Cary 


. Bruuitly . 


. 280 


Fenn . 


N. Orr . 


. 284 
. 286 


SlIEAEMAN 


KiClIARDSON . 


29-3 


Will 


" 


. 293 


Nast . 


Davis . 


296 


Fekn 


. N. Oru 


. 29S 


ITOWLAND . 


Richardson . 


808 


Caey . 


. 


. 309 


Darlet 


KiNGDON 


312 


HOCIISTEIN . 


. Bririitly . 


. 815 


A. R. Waud 


Davis . 


316 


HocnSTEiN . 


. N. Ohr 


. . 323 


" 


Richardson . 


327 


" 


. N. Orr . 


. 334 


Nast . 


DA.VI3 . 


. 836 


"Will . 




. 336 


Billings . 


Richardson . 


841 


Ey TINGE 


. Davis 


. 845 



Nast 



N. Ore 



358 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



11 



Jfo, Subject. 

105. AEMT COUPS CHAPEL, NEAR PETERSBUKG 

106. A LAY DELEGATE JN THE HOSPITAL . 

107. THE NATIONAL FREEDMEN-S RELIEF ASSO- | 

CIATION \ 

PORTRAIT OF FRANCIS G. SHAW . 
103. THE IDEAL FREEDM.VN .... 

109. ORIGIN OF THE BIUD'3-NEST BANK . 

110. PARADE OF THE 'iOTH U. S. COLORED TROOPS 

IN NEW YORK .... 

111. THE GEORGE GRISWOLD, LADEN WITH 1 

BUEADSTUFFS ( 

112. VIGNETTES OF MOUNT VERNON, SAVANNAH, j 

AND THE CAPITOL . . . . j 

PORTRAIT OF EDWARD EVERETT 

113. EAST TENNESSEE EKFU6EES .... 

lU. EAST TENNESSEE 

115. THE AMERICAN UNION COMMISSION 

PORTRAIT OF DR. J. P. THOMPSON 

IIG. VIGNETTE 

in. THE RUINS OF CHAMBERSBURG . 

118. THE UNION VOLUNTEER REFRESHMENT 1 

SALOON i 

119. THE COOPEU-SHOP REFRESHMENT SALOON 

120. A REGIMENT AT DINNER .... 

121. CITIZENS' UNION VOLUNTEER HOSPITAL 

122. FIUE AMBULANCE 

123. DRUM-STICKS OF TWO KINDS 

124. A SOLDIER'S BILL OF FARE 

125. BARRELLING APPLES FOR THE SOLDIERS 

126. THE NATIONAL SAILORS' HOME . 

127. ILLUSTRATED PROGRAMME .... 

128. ONE REASON OUT OF FIFTY FOR A SAILORS' I 

HOME i 

129. VIGNETTES: THE FARRAGUT FUND 
PORTR.ilT OF ADMIRAL FAREAGUT . 



Fenn . 



Shearman . 

WlLI. . 

Chapman . 
HopptN , 

NA8T . 

Fenn 



KngraVi'il hy 
N. Onit . 

RiCUAnDBO.N 



Kilmer 
BRionTLT 

Davis 



rage 
SCO 

. 863 

. 066 

. 866 

871 

. 874 



IIlTClIOOCK 


Ricuabdson . 


387 


Will . 


. 


. . . 987 


Nast . 


Davis 


891 


Fenn . 


. N. Ore 


. 400 


Shearman. 


RirnAEDSON . 


407 


Will . 


. 


. 407 


HOOAN 


N. Orr . 


411 


Fenn 


. " . . 


. 412 


Herrick . 


. . 


415 


Fenn 


. " . . 


. 4IS 


Nast . 


Davis 


. 419 


Hosier . 


. Rh^iiardson 


. 422 


Cast 


HOEY 


429 


A. R. Wacd . 


. KiNGDON . 


. 431 


IIOPPIN 


N. Orr . 


. . 437 


Billings 


. FiLMER 


. 4.39 


WlIITNET . 


N. Orr . 


440 


HOPPIN . 


. " 


To Face 444 


Fenn . 


N. Oek . 


. 447 


HiTcncocK . 


. Richardson . 


450 


Will . 


.. 


. 450 



12 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Ko, Sub-ject. 

130. VIGNETTES : THE GRANT FUND . 

PORTRAIT OF GENERAL GRANT . 

131. THE KEARSAUGE FUND .... 
PORTRAIT OF CAPTAIN WINSLOW 

132. THE SHERMAN FOND 

PORTRAIT OF GENERAL SHERMAN 

133. WOMEN WORKING IN THE FIELD . 

134. THE PP.OCESSION OF THE SANITARY SACK . 

135. NEVADA SCENERY 

136. TEE GOLDEN CHICKEN OF MARYSVILLE . 

137. GETTING IN HAY FOR A SOLDIERS WIFE 

138. THE KEARNY CROSS .... 

139. SUBSCRIBERS TO THE FUND FOR THE RELIEF | 

OF FAMILIES OF POLICE VOLUNTEERS f 

140 TWENTY-INCH GUN 

141. FITZ JAMES O'BRIEN 

142. THE PATRIOT ORPHAN HOME AT FLUSHING 

143. PA, WHAT ARE YOV GOING TO DOI 

144. THE WIDOW AND ORPHAN 

145. A TRIBUTE TO PRESIDENT LINCOLN 

146 LETTERING 

147. " . . .- 



De-xigned by 


Engraved by 


Page 


HiTcncocK . 


. N. Ore . 


455 


Will . 




. 455 


Fenn . 


. ■' . . . . 


45T 


Will . 


" . . . . 


. 457 


Hitchcock . 


. . . . 


459 


Will . 


•■ . . . . 


. 459 


Na8T 


. Davis . . . . 


46i 


" . . 


FlLMER 


. 46t 


Il0WL-\ND 


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469 


HuPPlN 


Brigutlv . 


. 472 


Fe.v.n 


. N. Oek . 


474 


Lr.MLET 


ElCnARDSO.N 


. 475 


Stephens . 


RlCDAEDSON 


. 477 


Uerrick 


. N. Orr . . . . 


479 


A, n. Waid 


. Davis . . . . 


480 


Fexx . 


N. Ore 


. iU 


Howard 


. Richardson . 


4s; 


Hexnessv . 


BoBBETT .S: Hooper . 


. 4S9 


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Will . 


N. Ore . . . , 


49:! 
507 



COJ^TENTS. 



CHAPTER I . 

pa<;e 

A Glance Backward. — Individual Aid Rendered to the Armies durino the War 

OF xnE Retolbtion, 15 

CHAPTER II. 
Monet and Men, 20 

CHAPTER III. 
The Earlier Aid Societies, 70 

CHAPTER IV. 
The United States Sanitary Commission, 77 

CHAPTER V. 
Aid Societies Auxiliary to the Sanitary Commission, Ill 

CHAPTER VI. 
Sanitary Fairs, 158 

CHAPTER VII. 
The Western Sanitary Commission, 293 

CHAPTER VIII. 
State Sanitary Commissions. — Local Relief Associations, 316 

CHAPTER IX. 
The Christian Commission, 336 



14 CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER X. 

PAGE 

The National Feeedmen's Relikf Associatiom, 366 

CHAPTER XI. 
International Relief, 383 

CHAPTER XII. 
Aid to East Tennessee, 387 

CHAPTER XIII. 
The American Union Commission, 407 

CHAPTER XIV. 
The Chambeesbueg and Savannah Relief Funds, 412 

CHAPTER XV. 
Refreshment Saloons, Subsistence Committees, Soldiers' Homes, etc. — The Fire 

Ambulance Company of Puiladelpiiia, 41.5 

CHAPTER XVI. 
A Tiianksgivino Dinner in tub Arm's and Navy, 431 

CHAPTER XVII. 
The National Sailors' Home, 440 

CHAPTER XVIII. 
Testimonials to DisTiNonisnED Commanders, ........ 4-50 

CHAPTER XIX. 
Miscellanies : Various Methods of Procuring Means, and Various Methods of 
Applying Them, 461 

CHAPTER XX. 
Summary, 403 

Index 507 



CHAPTEE I. 

A GLANCE BACKWARD. — INDIVIDUAL AID RENDERED TO THE ARMIES DURING 
THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. 



i ^ > 



1« 





IT AT a, nation may feel the deepest sympathy with its 
army, assviredly was not left to the American rebellion to 
prove; but it certainly was reserved to our day to show 
how such sympathy may be rendered active and profitable. 
The troops of Hannibal and George HI. may have felt that the hearts and 
prayers of their countrymen were with them, but it is not likely they ever 
expected from them any other aid. The Eoman matron placed her jewels 
upon the altar, and witli this hasty sacrifice the service she could lend her 
country ended. The Carthaginian women cut off their hair and twisted it 
into bow-strings^an honorable act, but one that was perhaps as soon repented 
of as done, and which certainly could not be repeated often in a lifetime. In 
other wars, a man once wounded was as the beasts that perish. "Women have 
from time to time appeared upon the battle-field ; but their office was not to 
restore with oil or wine, but to release with rosary and crucifix. "Within 



16 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

the last ten years we have seen a nation send forth an anny to be literally 
swept away by disease, and we have seen that one woman only, with her 
attendants, was drawn from her home to the hospital by the harrowing 
spectacle. Now, as Americans are said to do what their hands find to do in 
a manner always original and generally effective, as there is nothing they 
abhor so much as the beaten track, especially when that track is strewn 
with the bones of other nations' failures, it is the purpose of these pages to 
show that they have made war, as they have utilized peace, after a method 
peculiarly their own ; that those whom the army left at home have been its 
doctors, caterers, and ministers ; that almost every family which has suffered 
the son and brother to gird on the knapsack, has placed the needle and the 
scissors in the hands of the daughter and mother ; that had Florence Nightin- 
gale been an American, her name, honorable and saint-like though it be, would 
have been known but as one in a noble sisterhood ; and that the sacrifices 
made by those who have made them at all have not been the romantic impulse 
of a moment, but the sustained, j^atient labor of years ; not the abandonment 
of personal ornament alone, but the bidding farewell for a time to the 
comforts of home and the allurements of wealth. But, before entering upon 
this jiliasc of our history, a moment's retrospective glance at the War of the 
Eevolution, and a word or two upon the sympathy existing in "Washington's 
time between the anny and the people, will not be out of place. We shall 
find that the seeds of bounty and defence fund, of aid society and sanitary 
commission, were sown in a fruitful soil as early as 1776. 

Five or six years before this time, however, the women of the country had 
set the example of discouraging the importation of goods from abroad. Re- 
trenchment was naturally the first measure of preparation for the impending 
change in the condition of the colonies, and for the struggle by which it might 
be attended. The newspapers of the time were filled with incidents of the 
self denial of women ; and the following homely apjaeal to the ladies was 
evidently made by one of their sex : 



" First, then, tlirow nsi Je your topknots of pride, 
Wear none bnt your own country linen ; 
Of economy boast, let your pride be the most 
To show clothes of your own m.ake and spinning. 

" ^Vhat if homespun, they say, is not quite so gay 
As brocades, j'et be not in a passion ; 
For when once 'tis known this is much worn in tov\-n, 
One and all will cry out, 'tis the fashion ! 



RETRENCHMENT.— TEA-DKINKING. 17 

"And as we all agree, tlmt you'll not married bo 
To such as will wear London factory, 
But at first sight refuse — tell 'em such you will choose 
As encourage our own manufactory." 

This allusion to what was the fashion in tlic cities, perhaps suits revolu- 
tionary times better than it does our own. The effect of appeals such as 
these, and of the resolve from wliieli they sprang, was marked, and has no 
counterpart in our day whatever; the imports of English goods into American 
ports decreased from £2,400,000 in 1768 to £1,600,000 in 1769. The records 
are unanimous in attributing this decline, thirty-three per cent, in one year, to 
the good sense, patriotism, and self-denial of the women. 

In a letter written by a lady of Philadelf)hia to a British ofi&cer in Boston, 
late in 1775, the following passage occurred: 

" I have retrenched every superfluous expense in my table and family ; 
tea I have not drunk since last Christmas, nor bought a new cap or gown 
since your defeat at Lexington ; and, what I never did before, I have learned 
to kiut, and am now making stockings of American wool for my servants ; 
and in this way do I throw in my mite to the public good. I know this, that 
as free I can die but once, but as a slave I shall not be worthy of life. I have 
the pleasure to assure you that these are the sentiments of all my sister 
Americans. They have sacrificed assemblies, parties of pleasure, tea-drinking, 
tinery, to that great spirit of patriotism that actuates all degrees of people 
throughout this extensive continent. If these are the sentiments of females, 
what must glow in the breasts of our husbands, brothers, and sons !" 

The selfishness of those who could not find it in their souls to abstain 
from any indulgence, was thus hit off in a communication to the Pennsylvaida 
Journal : 

"The Petition of divers Old Women of the City of PhiladeliDhia huml)ly 
showeth : That your petitioners, as well spinsters as married, having been 
long accustomed to the drinking of tea, fear it will be utterly impossible for 
them to exhibit so much patriotism as wholly to disuse it. Your petitioners 
beg leave to observe, that having done already all possible harm to their 
nerves and health with this delectable herb, they shall think it extremely 
hard not to enjoy it for the remainder of their lives. Your petitioners would 
further represent, that coffee and chocolate, or any other substitute hitherto 
proposed, they humbly apprehend, from their heaviness, must destroy that 
brilliancy of fancy and fluency of expression usually found at tea-tables, when 
they are handling the conduct or character of their absent acquaintances. 



18 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Your petitioners are also informed there are several old women of the other 
sex laboring under the like difficulties, who apprehend the above restriction 
will be wholly insupportable ; and that it is a sacriiice infinitelj too great to 
be made to save the lives, liberties, and privileges of any country whatever. 
Your petitioners only pray for an indulgence to those spinsters whom age or 
ugliness has rendered desperate in the expectation of husbands ; to those of 
the married, whose infirmities and ill-ljehavior have made their husbands long 
since tired of them; and to those old women of the male gender who will most 
naturally be found in such company. And your petitioners, as in duty bound, 
will ever pray." 

Thus those who did drink tea were ridiculed, and the following lines 
show that those who did not were threatened : 

"O Boston wives and maids, draw near and see 
Our delicate Souchong and Hyson tea. 
Buy it, my charming pirls, fair, black, and brown ; 
If not, we'll cut your throats and burn your town." 

But something more than self-denial was now required. The follow- 
ing appeal was posted in the streets of Philadelphia on the 9th of August, 
1775 : 

" To the spinners in this city, the suburbs, and country : Your services 
are now wanted to promote the American Manufactory, at the corner of 
Market and Ninth streets, where cotton, wool, flax, &c., are delivered out. 
Strangers, who apply, are desired to bring a few lines, by way of recom- 
mendation, from some respectable person in their neighborhood." 

Upon this appeal, the Pennsylvania Journal made the following com- 
ments : 

"One distinguishing characteristic of an excellent woman, as given by the 
wisest of men, is, ' That she seeketh wool and flax, and worketh willingly 
with iier hands to the spindle, and her hands hold the distaff".' In this time 
of public distress, you have now, each of you, an opportunity not only to help 
to sustain your families, but likewise to cast your mite into the treasury of 
the public good. The most feeble effort to heljj to save the state from ruin, 
when it is all you can do, is, as the widow's mite, entitled to the same reward 
as they who, of their abundant abilities, have cast in much." 

The New York Gazette, of July 29th, 1776, chronicled the marriage of a 
Mr. Flint with a Miss Slate, declaring them to be an agreeable and happy 
pair, and added: 



VALLEY FORGE. 19 

" What deserves the public notice, and may serve to encourage the manu- 
factures of this country, is, tliat the entertainment, though served up with 
good wine and other spirituous liquors, was the production of their fields and 
fruit-gardens, assisted alone by a neighboring grove of spontaneous maples. 
The bride and her two sisters appeared in very genteel-like gowns, and others 
of the family in handsome apparel, with sundry silk handkerchiefs, &c., 
entirely of their own manufacture." 

Smythe's Diary, of March 1st, 1777, contained the following squib : 

"A deserter from the rebel army at Westchester, who came into New 
York this morning, says that the Congress troops are suffering extremely for 
food and rum ; that thei-e is not a whole pair of breeches in the army ; and 
that the last news from Mr. Washington's camp was, that he hail to tie his up 
with strings, having parted with the buttons to buy the necessaries of life. 
At a frugal dinner lately given by the under officers in Heath's command, 
but seven were able to attend ; some for the want of clean linen, but the most 
of them from having none other than breeches past recovery." 

Washington's army retired, in the winter of 1777, to Valley Forge ; its 
sufferings here were so great that the Commander-in-Chief was forced to make 
a requisition upon the people for supplies and clothing. The neglect of some 
of the people of Jersey and Pennsylvania to furnish the portion required of 
them excited much comment. The New Jersey Gazette, of December 31st, 
contained the following suggestion, written by Governor William Livingston, 
and signed " Hortentius :" 

" I am afraid that while we are employed in furnishing our battalions with 
clothing, we forget the county of Bergen, which alone is sufficient amply to 
provide them with winter waistcoats and breeches, fi-om the redundance and 
supei-fluity of certain woollen habits, which are at present applied to no kind 
of use whatsoever. It is well known that the rural ladies in that part of New 
Jersey pride themselves in an incredible number of petticoats, which, like 
house furniture, are displayed by way of ostentation, for many years before 
they are decreed to invest the fair bodies of the proprietors. Till that period 
they are never worn, but neatly piled up on each side of an immense escritoire, 
the tojj of which is decorated with a most capacious brass-clasjied Bible, seldom 
read. What I would, therefore, humbly propose to our superiors is, to make 
prize of these future female habiliments, and, after proper transformation, 
immediately apply them to screen from the inclemencies of the weather those 
gallant males who are now fighting for the liberties of their country. And to 
clear this measure from every imputation of injustice, I have only to observe. 



20 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 




VALLEY FunyE. 



tbat the generality of women in that county having for above a century worn 
the breeches, it is highly reasonable that the men should now, and especially 
upon so important an occasion, make booty of the petticoats." 

The condition of Washington's army, in the winter of 1779-80, is thus 
described in "Thatcher's Journal," of January 1st: 

"The sufferings of the poor soldiers can scarcely be described; at niglit 
they have a bed of straw upon the ground, and a single blanket to each man ; 
they are badly clad, and some are destitute of shoes. The snow is from five 
to six feet deep, which so obstructs the roads as to prevent our receiving a 
supply of provisions. We are frequently for six or eight days destitute of 



AID FROM NEW JERSEY. 21 

meat, and then as long without bread. It is well known that General Wash- 
ington experiences the greatest solicitude for his army, and is sensible that 
they in general conduct with heroic patience and fortitude. His Excellency, 
it is understood, despairing of supplies from the commissary-general, has made 
application to the magistrates of the State of New Jersey for assistance in 
procuring provisions. This expedient has been attended with the happiest 
success. It is honorable to the magistrates as well as to the people of 
Jersey that they have cheerfully complied with the requisition, and furnished 
for the present an ample supply, and have thus probably saved the army from 
destruction." 

The ladies of Trenton, New Jersey, met, in emulation of the example of 
other portions of the state, on the 4th of July, ITSO, for the purpose of 
promoting a subscription for the relief and encouragement of the Continental 
Army. Taking into consideration the scattered situation of the well disposed 
throughout the State, and for their convenience, they unanimously appointed 
Mi-s. Cox, Mrs. Dickinson, Mrs. Furman, and Miss Cadvvallader a committee, 
whose duty it should be immediately to open subscriptions, with ladies to be 
thereafter named, I'equesting their aid and influence in the several districts. 
Some fifty ladies were then chosen — such as Mrs. Counsellor Condict, Mrs. 
Colonel Scudder, Mrs. Parson Jones, Mrs. Peter Covenhoven, Mrs. Governor 
Livingston, Mrs. Doctor Burnet, Mrs. Colonel Hugg — " whose well known 
patriotism," said the gazette chronicling the movement, "leaves no room to 
doubt of their best exertions in a cause so humane and praiseworthy; and 
that tliey will be hapjiy in forwarding the amount of their several collections, 
either with or without the names of the donors, which will be immediately 
transmitted by Mrs. Moore Furman, who is hereby appointed treasurer, to be 
disposed of by the Commander-in-Chief according to the general plan." 

In November, 1780, the ladies of Philadelphia made a systematic effort 
in behalf of tlie army. An article published in the newspapers of the day, 
signed "An American Woman," exerted a powerful influence. From this 
appeal we take the following passage : 

" If I live happy in the midst of my family; if my husband cultivates his 
field and reaps his harvest in peace ; if, surrounded by my children, I myself 
nourish the youngest and press it to my bosom ; if the house in which we 
dwell, our farms, our orchards, are safe from the hands of the incendiary, it is 
to you, brave Americans, that we owe it. And shall we hesitate to evidence 
to you our gratitude? Shall we hesitate to wear a clothing more simple, hair 
dressed less elegantly, when, at the price of this small privation, we shall 



22 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



deserve your benedictions? Who among us wiU not renounce with the 
highest i.)leasure those vain ornaments ? The time is arrived to display the 
same sentiments which animated us at the beginning of the Eevolution, when 
we renounced the use of teas, however agreeable to our taste, rather than 
receive them from our persecutors ; when our republican and laborious hands 
spun the flax and j^repared the linen intended for the use of the soldiers • 
when, exiles and fugitives, we supported with courage all the evils which are 
the concomitants of war. Let us not lose a moment ; let us all be engaged to 
otter the homage of our gratitude at the altar of military valor." 




LAUIKS c.F I'njLADELrillA WORKING FOR WASOINGTOX'S ARMY. 



The women of Philadelphia, assembling at this inspiring call, divided the 
city into districts, and then, apportioning the labor, visited every house and 
received its contribution. The total amount of these collections is given 
in the records of the time as $300,766, in currency. Those who could 
give supplies more conveniently than money did so, and one item of two 
thousand one hundred and seven shirts is mentioned as having been made 



AIT) FK()^[ PIITLADELrillA. 



2:^ 



by nimble Philadelphia fingers. "Such free-will offerings," exclaimed the 
gallant Thatcher, "are examples truly worthy of imitation, and ought to be 
recorded to the honor of American ladies." 

The spirit of emulation was soon kindled in the neighboring State of 
Maryland. Mrs. Lee, wife of his Excellency the Governor, wrote to ladies 
residing in different portions of tlie state, begging them to act as treasurers 
in their respective districts. Baltimore soon responded with six hundred 
shirts, and the county of Dorset with thirty pounds in specie. Annapolis 
sent in over sixteen thousand dollars, some ladies giving two, some five, and 
some twenty guineas in coin. Here, plainly, is the suggestion of the Aid 
Society and Relief Association of ISGl. 

But, in spite of all that had been done, the army was in actual danger of 
ilissolution for want of provisions to keep it together. In this emergency, a 
number of patriotic gentlemen in Philadelphia signed bonds to the amount 
of two hundred and fifty thousand pounds, in coin, for procuring supplies. 
Food and clothing were thus obtained ; and it is perhaps not too much to 
say, that without this act of munificence American independence would 
not have been achieved. There is probably no other example in history of 
results so tremendous flowing from spontaneous, individual contributions to 
a cause. We give a portion of tlie names; and the reader will sec, as he 
progresses in the record of Philadelphia generosity, that the descendants 
of those who signed bonds in 17S0 have signed many similar papers in 
1861-5 : 



Robert Morris £in,nnO 

B. McCleunigan 10,000 

A. Bunner & Co 6,000 

Zouch Francis 5,500 

James Wilson 5,000 

"Wm. Bingham 5,000 

Rioliard Peters 5,000 

Samuel Meredith 5,000 

James Meare 5,000 

Thomas Barclay 5,000 

Samuel Morris, Jr 5,000 

Robert Hooper .5,000 

Hugh Sliields .5,000 

Philip Moore 5,000 

Matthew Irwin 5,000 

.lohn Benzet 5,000 

Henry Hill 5,000 

•Tolm Morgan 5,000 

Thomas Willing 5,000 



Samuel Powell £5,000 

John Nixson 5,000 

Robert Bridge 4,000 

•lohn Dunlap 4,000 

Wm. Coates 4,000 

Emanuel Eyre 4,000 

James Bodden 4,000 

John Mease . .'. 4,000 

Joseph Carson 4,000 

Thomas Leiper 4,000 

Kean & Nichols 4,000 

Samuel Morris 3,000 

Isaac Moses 3,000 

Chas. Thompson 3,000 

John Pringle 3,000 

Samuel Mills 3,000 

Cad. Morris 2,500 

M.att. Clark.son 2.500 

Joseph Reed 2,000 



24 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Beniamin Rush £2,000 Jolin Uiillock £2,000 

OHtii Riddle 2,000 Twenty-seven subscriptions of 

Jdlm Mitc'hell 2,000 £2,000 each 54,000 

R()l)ert Knox 2,000 Xine subscriptions of £1,000 

Jobn AVliarton 2,000 each !) 000 



Total £250,500 

Notwithstanding this munificent tribute, and tlie momentous consequences 
it produced, encomiums seem to have been exclusively lavished upon the 
women, and General Washington led the chorus. In a letter of acknowledg- 
ment to a committee of ladies, he wrote : 

'• The army ought not to regret its sacrifices or its sufferings, when thev 
meet with so flattering a reward as in the sympathy of your sex ; nor can it 
fear that its interests will be neglected, wlien espoused by advocates as power- 
ful as they are amiable.'' 

An officer wrote fix)m camp : 

" The patriotism of the women of your city is a subject of conversation 
with the army. Had I poetical genius I would sit down and write an ode in 
praise of it. Burgoyne, who, on his first coming to America, boasted that he 
would dance with the ladies and coax the men into submission, must now 
have a better understanding of the good sense and public spirit of our females, 
as he has already had of the fortitude and inflexible temper of our men."' 

"It is needless," says the Pennsylvania Packet, " to repeat the encomiums 
that have been already given to the females for their exertions. Every Whig 
mind must be sensible that they deserve the highest praise. The women 
of every part of the globe are under obligations to those of America, for having 
sliown that females are capable of the highest political virtue. We cannot 
lielp imagining what some learned and elegant historian, the Hume of the 
future America, when he comes to write the affairs of these times, will say on 
the subject. In a history, which we may suppose to be publisbed about the 
year 1820, may be found a paragraph to the following pitrpose : 

" ' The treasury was now exhausted, and the army in want of the neces- 
saries of life and clothing, when the women gave a respite to our affairs by 
one of those exertions which will forever do honor to the sex. In the state 
of simplicity and plainness in which our country then was, they had not 
ear-rings and bracelets to give, in imitation of the Roman ladies on a like 
occasion ; but they presented gold and silver, and what share of the j^aper 
money had come into their hands. This was laid out in linens, and shirts 
were made by their hands for the use of the soldiery. 



PATRIOTISM OF WOMEN. 25 

"'Mrs. Reed, of Pennsylvania, the lady of the then President, a most 
amiable woman, was the first to patronize the measure. Mrs. Lee, of Mary- 
land, lady of the Governor of that state, a woman of excellent accomplish- 
ments, was, in her state, the next to receive the patriotic flame and give it 
popularity among her sex. 

" ' Mrs. Washington, of Virginia, lady of his Excellency the Commander- 
in-Chief, was equally favoring to it in her state. The Jerseys had been 
already warmed by the example of the virtue of Pennsylvania, and the 
females of that state, &c., &c., &c.' " 

A verse or two from the lyrics of the day will fitly conclude this chain 
of panegyric : 

"OUR WOMEN. 

" Accept the tribute of our warmest praise, 
The soldier's blessing and the patriot's hays ! 
For Fame's first ])laudit we no more contest, 
Constrain'd to own it decks the female breast. 



" Then Freedom's ensign, thus inscrib'd, shall ware, 
' The patriot females who their country save ;' 
Till time's abyss, absorb'd in heavenly lays, 
Shall flow in your eternity of praise." 

We have made these brief extracts from the chronicles of the day, tw 
show that, even thi-ee quarters of a century ago, the impoverished resources 
of the state were eked out from the means and jjurses of individuals ; and, 
descending from their time to ours, to provoke a comparison between what 
was done by the nation in its manhood and in its day of small things. 




CHAPTER II. 

MONEY AND MEN. 




THE FIRST SUB6CBIPT10N. 




■^" HE majestic spectacle of a nation flying to arms was 
= Jii offered to the world in America, in the month of April, 
1861, under unusual conditions. Yast as was the ex- 
panse of territory involved in the question at issue, 
widely separated as were the points that were called 
upon to bear their share of the common burden and to 
offer up their sacrifices upon a common altar, all sense of time and distance, 
all waiting for the effect to follow the cause, were lost or forgotten in the 
operations of an invention, which, though no longer a novelty or a marvel, 
had never played such a part before. Stage-coaches carried the lingering mail 
that apprised the Americans of 1775 of the injustice and oppression of the 
mother country ; while the Massachusetts militia were fighting at Lexington, 



AN ARMY IN RESERVE. 27 

the citizens of Philadelphia were deprecating bloodshed. Forty years later, 
a sanguinary battle was fought after jjeace was declared, and men heard 
first of the fight or the treaty, according as they were nearer to New Orleans 
or New York. But in 1801 the telegraph brought the whole country into 
presence, and the nation stood forth, literally, acting as one man, and visible, 
incarnated in one thought, before itself and in the gaze of all mankind. Vil- 
lages in the heart of the land counted the guns as they were fired at Sumter, 
and the burning of the barracks was lamented in the valleys and in the 
mountains, not as a calamity of yesterday, but as a sore distress of to-day. 
The newspapers of the 15th of April were no local chronicles ; true, the Moss- 
side Gazette told what was thought and done at Moss-side, but it also told 
what had been lost at Charleston, what had been sworn at the capital, who 
had enlisted in Bath, and what was pledged in Hull, how the glove dropped 
on Sullivan's Island had been picked up by the Briarean. arm of twenty states, 
how the New England village, the prairie settlement, and the Atlantic seaport 
had severally welcomed the ordeal. As if a mirage had lifted the regions 
below the horizon into sight, and they had been set upon a hill that the 
whole people might see them, so did the electric wire, summoning an audience 
of the country, set before it, from the sea to the Father of Waters, the brief 
story of treason ; the whole people were warned of the now accomplished 
rebellion, while the mail of other days would have travelled a league. 

With but one phase of the splendid unanimity which was the character- 
istic of the times, we have, in these chronicles, to deal. Others will narrate 
the terrible story of those who went to the wars ; it is our humble province to 
collect the less stirring records of those who stayed behind. We shall have to 
show that, in spite of all denials on the part of merely military men, there was, 
in reality, an army in reserve : and that this army, though not furnishing 
re-enforcements, precisely, provided what was often as good — aid, comfort, 
succor, sympathy ; joining faith with works, it labored and prayed. The im- 
pulse that sent one man into the ranks, was essentially the same as that 
impelling another who could not go to aid those who did. All were alike 
drawn to make some sacrifice, one of his person, perhaps his life, another of 
his goods, perhaps his hoards. Here and there a man able to go was also able 
to give ; witness the Rhode Island millionaire, who enlisted as a private and 
paid the outfit of his comrades ; witness the Connecticut farmers, who not only 
went themselves, but took their hired men with them. That the two impulses 
were the same is shown conclusively by the course of events in California. 
The distance of that state from the scene, and the consequent expense of 



28 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

transportation incapacitating her from furnishing soldiers, it would be reason- 
able to expect her to assume a double share of the voluntary burden, and 
this is precisely what she has done. Furnishing few men, she has provided 
money ; not being called upon for the muscle, she has sent the sinews, of war. 
We do not mean to impugn the generosity or liberal public spirit of the 
people of California — far from it : we only mean that having but one vent for 
her pent-up wratli, that one outlet has given her as much relief as if she had 
had two, and had used them both. Called upon for no quota, she has sent, or 
will send, if asked, a quantum sufficit. Had she been summoned to furnish 
thirty thousand men, her bounty would have found other channels than those 
in which it has flowed. Therefore, the two actions are one, and this record 
of what they did who stayed behind, is twin to that of those who shouldered 
the musket. Leaving to be considered in another place all movements looking 
to the preservation of health in the army, and the proper treatment of the 
sick, we examine here the other two phases of the voluntary action of the 
people — the effort to promote enlistments, and the measures taken to aid the 
families of volunteers. 

The city of Lowell, Massachusetts, claims to have set so many honorable 
examples to the country in the month of April, 1861, that it is well to 
consider them in this connection. The following things it is asserted that 
Lowell was the first to do : the first to send forth a regiment to the defence 
of Washington ; the first to shed the blood of traitors who sought to bar the 
way ; the first to offer a sacrifice of her sons upon the altar of the country ; the 
first to set on foot individual subscriptions in behalf of the soldiers ; the first 
to form a Soldiers' Aid Society, and the first to hold a Sanitary Fair. It 
would be glory enough for Lowell if she could substantiate her claim to but 
one of these honorable positions ; but against her holding all six of them, 
Charlestown and New York enter a formal protest. That the Massachusetts 
Sixth, a Lowell regiment, was the first in the field, and that in its collision 
with the mob in Baltimore the first blood on either side was spilled, are mat- 
ters of history ; that Lowell held a Sanitary Fair as early as January, 1863, 
can be readily shown ; but the other two claims are not so easily justified. 
What is urged in their defence may be briefly stated thus : 

The President's requisition for troops reached Lowell on the afternoon of 
the 15th of April, and the next morning, at nine o'clock, the companies com- 
posing the Sixth Eegiment began to ai-rive at the station. A public meeting 
of citizens was held, and the troops were addressed by Mayor Sargeant and 
others. The regiment left at noon for Boston. Two days after, on the 18th, 



WHO WAS FIRST? 



29 



Judge Crosby, a distinguished resident of the city, fearing that, through haste 
and inexperience, the men would find many of their necessary wants unsup- 
plied, sent a note to the mayor, inclosing his check for one hundred dollars, 
with a request that the money might be at once sent to the paymaster, for the 
account of the regiment. Judge Crosby also suggested the formation of a 
society " to furnish paymasters with money and such supplies for the sick and 
wounded in camp as rations and medicine-chests cannot provide." The 
mayor laid the matter before the City Council that evening, and took up a 
subscription as suggested — five hundred dollars, besides Judge Crosby's one 
hundred, being thus obtained. This was the ISth, and tliis is Lowell's claim. 
Unfortunately — or rather fortunately, that the City of Spindles may not mo- 
nopolize the honors — a subscription started to set the Seventh New York 
promptly in the field, on the 17th, stood thus at nightfall, and was afterwards 
increased; 



NATIONAL GUARD. 

Tlie undersigned agree to p.ay tlio sums set opposite our names for tlie Seventh Regi- 
ment, to enable them to place themselves in the position of service and defence : 

Robert B. Minturn |100 

C. R. Robert 100 

Royal Phelps 100 

Charles H. Russell 100 

W. D. F. Manice 100 

George W. Blunt 100 

James II. Titus 100 

■William Curtis Noyes 100 

Shepherd Knapp 100 

Charles H. Marshall 100 

A. V. Stout 100 

S. Wetmore 100 

R. M. Blatchford 100 

Thomas Addis Emmett 100 

John A. C. Gray 100 

$3,100 



Moses n. Grinuell 

George B. De Forest 100 

L. B. Cannon 100 

E. Minturn 100 

S. B. Chittenden 100 

Moses Taylor 100 

Theodore Dehon 100 

Ogden Haggerty 100 

Wm. M. Evarts 100 

G. S. Robbins 100 

George Griswold 100 

John A. Stevens 100 

James Gallatin 100 

E. Walker & Sons 100 

H.E.Durham 100 

Hamilton Fish 100 

Total 



A careful examination of all the facts would seem to show that the above 
was indeed the first subscription list in point of date, to which the rebellion 
gave birth ; and if the names, as printed, are in the order in which they were 
signed, as they doubtless are, the interesting question of priority is easUy 
settled. 

In respect to the claim of Lowell, that the first Soldiers' Aid Society was 
organized in that city, it may be merely stated here, leaving the details to a 



30 THE TRIBUTE BOOK 

fatui-e chapter, that the Bunker Hill Society of Charlestown also makes the 
claim, and, we think, with stronger proofs. 

It was in this manner that the voluntary giving of money commenced. To 
put the troops in the field was of course the first necessity, and as money was 
needed immediately, money given was more useful than money appropriated. 
Within ten days from the President's call, nearly every town in the loyal 
states had held its public meeting and had set on foot a war fund, raised by 
private contributions. Large sums were voted by legislatures, councils, and 
other representative bodies ; but the sums which form our subject were those 
which were freely given, beyond and outside of all appropriations. Sums 
appropriated have been, or are to be, refunded by the government, and thus 
go to swell the national debt ; of those considered here the givers desire no re- 
imbursement. 

The President had called for seventy-five thousand men, to serve for three 
months, and these were to consist of the militia organizations already in exist- 
ence. Few of them were full, but each was a nucleus upon which to build 
the minimum or maximum. The first expenses to be met were those con- 
nected with recruiting, while the wants of the newly enlisted men — often five 
hundi-ed in a regiment — required large sums to meet them. Many recruits, 
especially in city regiments, found their own outfits ; those unable to do so, 
and who had nothing to give but their services, found in the regimental fund 
the means of obtaining the proper clothing and accessories. In the country, 
where a regimental district oflen sent but one regiment, the bounty of the 
people could follow but one channel ; but in the cities, where several regiments 
were to be fitted out,. each giver could choose what direction his gift should 
take ; a patron of the Fifth would subscribe to the fund of the Fifth, while 
he whose sympathies were with the Eighth would signify it by his acts ; those 
who had no preference and looked upon all alike, aided all alike, if Providence 
had but blessed their store. The Frenchman resident in New York would 
naturally, if he had either sympathy or specie to spare, bestow them upon the 
Fifty-fifth. The Irishman's interest, as well as his offering, would be the 
portion of the Sixty-ninth ; and the canny Scotchman, opening his purse and 
his heart to the Highlanders, would endow the Seventy-ninth. Rivalry and 
favoritism played a useful part, and many city regiments, their subscription 
fund well filled, departed with a muster-roll correspondingly replete. The 
whole country gave heartily, lavishly, and, what is better, sufiiciently ; as long 
as money was wanted, it was readily obtained ; and when the three months' 
regiments were dispatched, and the raising of others to serve for two and three 



THE EAELY OFFERINGS. 31 

years was commenced, the country still gave, not with diminished, but with 
augmented zeal; and while legislators appropriated and select-men taxed, 
private citizens plied check-book and purse as cheerily as ever, and soldiers' 
money was always to be had for the asldng. 

Those who could not give money, made contributions in kind. Here a 
dealer in tinware offered to equip a company or two with cup and plate ; there 
an artificer in leather proposed to furnish visors, straps, and belts for a cer- 
tain number of suits. A Jersey City patriot, Mr. Jesse Wandel, gave a meal 
to ninety -three horses of Ehode Island artillery and made no charge. Trades- 
men persuaded their clerks to enlist, promising to continue their salary and 
keep their places. The owners of large unoccupied buildings besought regi- 
ments to use them as drill-rooms and to pay no rent. Dealers in mattresses 
furnished bedding ; manufacturers of the weed supplied tobacco for regimental 
and company use ; druggists contributed of their stock to medicine-chest and 
surgical table. Mr. J. W. Farmer, of New York, spread his famous Ludlow- 
street board for men in uniform ; he afterwards sent a ton of sugar-plums to 
Fortress Monroe, and gave the garrison a spoonful each. Later, again, he 
distributed thirty barrels of tobacco to the army of Virginia. A gentleman 
of Providence destroyed a lately purchased ticket for Liverpool, saying he 
would see a little more of the southern portion of his own country before 
visiting the south of Europe. A clergyman resigned his charge to become 
chaplain of a regiment ; the congregation refused the resignation, gave their 
pastor a furlough, supplied his place, continued his salary, and presented him 
with one hundred dollars for his outfit. Aid was thus rendered in methods 
sometimes simple, often ingenious and indirect. So much was done under 
the rose, so much was a matter of private agreement between those who aided 
others and those who were so aided, so much has been forgotten and so little 
was ever recorded, that it is quite impossible to say, at this day, what amount 
these private subscriptions reached. Such estimates as have been made will 
appear in the general tabular views at the close of the volume. 

The practice of recruiting by regiments having fallen into disuse of late, it 
may not be clearly remembered by all in what way ready money was essential 
during the first two years of the war. The government, which now takes 
each individual recruit as he enlists, imiforms him at once, and makes what 
instant disposition of him it chooses, had previously received men from the 
states by regiments, mustering them in by companies when filled to the 
minimum. Young men seeking a lieutenant's commission were obliged to 
raise a certain number of men, and the moment they had secured a single 



32 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

recruit, their expenses began, for the recruit looked to tliem for lodging and 
subsistence. A captain, and the lieutenants under him, were compelled to 
support their company till it numbered eighty-four men ; then the govern- 
ment mustered them in, and became responsible for them. There were many 
other casual, but constant, calls for money, though this was by far the most 
urgent Many officers thus spent all their means ; others, who have since 
proved their value, possessing no property, would have been lost to the ser- 
vice had it not been for the war funds raised by subscription throughout thft 
land. One of the most remarkable and useful of these was the fund raised in 
New York, and intrusted to a body of men known as the Union Defence 
Committee. Although the principal labor of this committee was the disburs- 
ing of a million of dollars appropriated by the city of New York, yet a large 
sum was also raised by subscrijjtion, and the two were merged together. The 
history of one portion of this fund is therefore the history of both. The origin 
of the Union Defence Committee was in this wise : 

A mass meeting of the citizens of New York had been convened in Union 
Square on Saturday, the 20th of April. The Massachusetts Sixth had made 
its bloody passage through Baltimore the day before ; the Seventh New York 
was on its way from Philadelphia to Annapolis ; the Massachusetts Eighth 
was on the eve of leaving Boston. These were but as drops in the sea, and 
it was considered imperatively necessary to dispatch ten thousand men, if 
possible, during the coming week. Some means must be taken to collect, 
equip, and forward these men ; concerted and united action was indispensable. 
A committee was therefore appointed, consisting originally of twenty-six, and 
subsequently of thirty-two members. The resolutions adopted stated the duty 
of this committee to be " to represent the citizens in the collection of funds, 
and the transaction of such other business in aid of the movements of the 
government as the public interest may require." It is apparent from this that 
the business of the committee, as viewed at the outset, was merely the dis- 
bursement of money raised by subscription ; but, as has been said, the city 
appropriation was also intrusted to their management 

The committee was organized as follows : 

John A. Dix, Chairman, Charles H. Marshall, 

Simeon Draper, Vice-CKn, Robert H. McCurdy, 

William M. Evakts, Secretary, Moses H. Grinnell, 

Theodore Dehon, Treasurer, Royal Phelps, 

Moses Taylor, Wm. E. Dodge, 



THE UNION DEFENCE FUND. SH 

Richard M. Blatchforu, Greene C. Bronson, 

Edwards Pierrepont, Hamilton Fish, 

Ales. T. Stewart, Wm. F. Havemeyer, 

Samuel Sloan, Charles H. Russell, 

John Jacob Astor, Jr., Jas. T. Brady, 

John J. Cisco, Rudolph A. Wittiiaus, 

Jas. S. Wadsworth, Abiel A. Low, 

Isaac Bell, Prosper M. Wetmore, 

James Boorman, A. C. Richards, 

The Mayor of the City of New York, 
The Comptroller of the City of New York, 
The President of the Board of Aldermen, 
The President of the Board of Councilmen. 

The subscriptions received on the first working day, Monday, the 22d, 
were nearly $35,000 ; additions were constantly made to the fund till it 
reached hard upon $180,000. The committee held forty-eight meetings in 
the first twenty-nine days ; and at tlie close of the year had assisted, in a 
greater or less degree, in placing sixty-six regiments in the field. This is not 
the place, nor has the time yet come, to attempt to estimate the services 
rendered the country by this committee. Their own claim may be safeh' 
granted, that they placed an army in the field, equipped for the defence of the 
nation, in a shorter space of time, and with less expenditure of money, than, 
so far as any record shows, had ever before been accomplished Ijy any govern- 
ment, no matter how great its power, liow abundant its resources, or how 
urgent its call to action. In due time more than this will probably appear: 
that to the energy of this committee, and to the intrejiidity with which, in 
one pressing strait, they cut through forms and circumlocution, the countiy is 
indebted for the safety of Washington, and for tlio preservation of our most 
important stronghold, Fortress Monroe. 

The list of subscribers to the Hnion Defence Fund being one of tlie nuist 
interesting of the war, we make no apology for introducing it here : 

THE T:XI0X defence fund, APRIL ANT) MAY, ISfii. 

Wm. 15. Astor $15,000 00 .James Gordon Bennett $.3,000 00 

Alexander T. Stewart 10,000 00 P. Lorillard 3,000 00 

James Lenox 5,000 00 W. W. Do Forest .'!,000 00 

Proceeds of a sale of pictures . . 4,498 00 .John D. Wolfe 2.000 00 

Benkard & LTutton 3,000 00 N. Y. Mutual Insurance Co 2,000 00 

3 



34 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Third Avenue RaOroad Com- 
pany, by "W. A. Darling, 

President $2,000 00 

Grinnell, Minturn & Co 2,000 00 

Brown, Brothers & Co 2,000 00 

Charles II. Marshall 2,000 00 

.'lielps. Dodge & Co 2,000 00 

IIo whind & Aspinwall 2,000 00 

Hamilton Fish 1,500 00 

John Bridge 1,500 00 

Peter Cooper 1,500 00 

James Boorman 1,000 00 

A. A. Low 1,000 00 

Col. Larned 1,000 00 

F. Bronson 1,000 00 

A. Lselin & Co 1,000 00 

Sturges, Bennet & Co 1,000 00 

Alsop & Chauncey 1,000 00 

Koosevelt & Son 1,000 00 

N. Y. Steam Sugar Refining Co . 1,000 00 

August Belmont «& Co 1,000 00 

George Griswold, Jr 1,000 00 

J. N. A. Griswold 1,000 00 

A. A. Low & Brothers 1,000 00 

Maitland, Phelps & Co 1,000 00 

Hoyt, Spragues & Co 1,000 00 

Chas. R. Snyder 1,000 00 

Ilendrieks & Brotliers 1,000 00 

H. C. De Rham 1,000 00 

J. F. D. Lanier 1,000 00 

Meigs & Greenleaf 1,000 00 

J. Boorman Johnston & Co 1,000 00 

Goodhue & Co 1.000 00 

Saml. Wetmore - 1,000 00 

New York Tribune Association 1,000 00 

R. L. Lord 1,000 00 

G. S. Bobbins & Sons 1,000 00 

Joseph Sampson 1,000 00 

John & D. Jackson Steward. . . 1,000 00 

Robert Bayard 1,000 00 

W. Proctor 1,000 00 

New York and Sandy Ilook 

Pilots 1,000 00 

Tradesmen's Bank, by R. Perry, 

President 1,000 00 

Eli White 1,000 00 

J. E. "Woolsey 1,000 00 

John Caswell & Co 1,000 00 

Alex. Duncan 1,000 00 

Duncan, Sherman & Co 1,000 00 

E. G. & T. H. Fade 1,000 00 

Naylor & Co 1,000 00 



Lorillard Spencer $1,000 00 

Wm. C. Rhinelander 1,000 00 

"Wm. Watson & Co 1,000 00 

Charles R. Lynde 1,000 00 

Wm. A. Booth 800 00 

Thomas Suffern V50 00 

Fred. A. Benjamin 500 00 

Walden Pell 500 00 

D. & A. C. Kingsland 500 00 

Wm. B. Crosby 500 00 

A. P. Pillot & Son 500 00 

Benedict, Burr & Benedict 500 00 

R. R. Graves & Co 500 00 

Olyphant & Co., of Canton, 

Ciiina 500 00 

John Allen, Jr., President West- 
ern Transportation Co., Buf- 
falo 500 00 

Sullivan, Randolph & Budd. ... 500 00 

Marcuse & Baltzer 500 00 

Benjamin Aymar 500 00 

Aymar & Co 500 00 

Edward Banker 500 00 

John Munroe & Co 500 00 

Degen & Taft 500 00 

Japhet Bishop 500 00 

R. Iloe & Co 500 00 

Penfold & Schuyler 500 00 

Oliver Charlick 500 00 

Cluirles Easton 500 00 

C. F. Dambmann & Co 500 00 

Cady & Smales 500 00 

P. M. Lydig 500 00 

Alex. Van Rensselaer 500 00 

William Whitlock, Jr 500 00 

William C. Schermerhorn 500 00 

John Jones Schermerhorn 500 00 

Bogert & Kneeland 500 00 

Theodore Dehon 500 00 

A. C. Richards 500 00 

Benj. R. Winthrop 500 00 

H. W. T. Mali 500 00 

Tucker, Cooper & Co 500 00 

J.J. Phelps 500 00 

S. B. Chittenden 500 00 

D. n. Haight 500 00 

Spaulding, Vail. Hunt & Co.. . . 500 00 

A. II. Ward 500 00 

C. & R. Poillon 500 00 

Ilaggerty & Co 500 00 

Furman & Co 500 00 

James K. Pell 500 00 



THE UNION DEFENCE FUND. 



35 



E. Pavenstedt & Co $500 00 

A. R. Eno 500 00 

Miss Selena Hendricks 500 00 

Troost, Schroder & Co 500 00 

Hazard Powder Company 500 00 

Schepeler & Co 500 00 

J. H. Frerichs & Co 500 00 

Murphy & Smith 500 00 

Peter Goelet 500 00 

Ilavemeyer, Townsend & Co. . . 500 00 
Wallack's Tlieatre, jjroceeds of 

a benefit 361 75 

Mrs. Mears Burkliardt, proceeds 

of a concert :!50 00 

Laura Keene's Tlieatre, i)roceeds 

of a benefit 310 00 

Thomas G. Ilodgkins 300 00 

Gary & Co 300 00 

Thomas N. Dale & Co 300 00 

Janes, Fowler, Kirtland & Co. . 300 00 

I. C. Whitmore 300 00 

John Penfold 300 00 

John A. King 250 00 

Bucklin & Crane 250 00 

J. Butler Wright 250 00 

Fabbri & Chauncey 250 00 

A. M. White 250 00 

Munn & Co 250 00 

P. M. Suydam 250 00 

H. S. & C. P. Leverich 250 00 

Coolidge & Young 250 00 

E. Caylus, De Pvuyter & Co. . . 250 00 

Chas. H. Pvogers 250 00 

R. S. Clark 250 00 

Clark, Pardee, Bates & Co 250 00 

D. T. Lanman & Kemp 250 00 

Richard Lathers 250 00 

Robert Goelet 250 00 

Wm. B. Isham & Gallup 250 00 

Thomas Otis Leroy & Co 250 00 

Jacob Leroy 250 00 

Robert Ray 250 00 

Archer & Bull 250 00 

Jacob Harseu 250 00 

Mrs. John Suydam 250 00 

Lemoyne & Bell 250 00 

Oilman, Son & Co 250 00 

Olyphant's Son & Co 250 00 

Wilson G. Hunt 250 00 

Ninth Regiment 250 00 

Pacific Bank 250 00 

Wm. A. Freeborn & Co 250 00 



Walsh, Coulter & Co |250 00 

Geo. S. Stephenson & Co 250 00 

Henry Delafield 250 00 

Mrs. Susan U. Parish 250 00 

John A. Robinson 250 00 

Baton, Stewart & Co 250 00 

A. Humbert 250 00 

Benj. Stephens 250 00 

J. & L. Tuckerman 250 00 

Schenck, Rutherford & Co 250 00 

John Q. Aymar 250 00 

H. Meigs, Jr., & Smith 250 00 

E. B. Clayton's Sons 250 00 

George 0. Ward 250 00 

Barclay & Livingston 250 00 

William Wood 250 00 

Valentine G. Hall 250 00 

J. J. Meriam 250 00 

William Menzies 250 00 

Menzies, Viele & Mather 250 00 

M. P. Read 250 00 

John C. White 250 00 

Fox & Lingard, New Bowery 

Theatre 205 00 

W. H. Russell 200 00 

Henry Lawrence 200 00 

Pier.son & Co 200 00 

M. Van Schaick 200 00 

T. C. Baring 200 00 

Joseph Foulke's Sons 200 00 

F. Cottenet 200 00 

D. L. Suydam 200 00 

Thomas N. Lawrence 200 00 

William K. Strong & Co 200 00 

Edward Cooper 200 00 

A. Hall 200 00 

Gabriel Mead 200 00 

J.D.Jones 200 00 

A. Bininger & Co 200 00 

.Tohn M. Dodd 200 00 

R. A. & G. H. Witthaus 200 00 

E. E. Morgan 200 00 

White & Sheffield 200 00 

J. Woodward Haven 200 00 

Tomes, Son & Melvain 200 00 

H. M. Schieffeliu 200 00 

Beebe & Brother 200 00 

Mulford Martin 200 00 

Earl, Bartholomew & Co 200 00 

John Haggerty 200 00 

W. H. H. Moore 200 00 

Dutilh &Co 150 00 






THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Richard Mortimer $150 00 

II. L. Routh & Son? 150 00 

Smith & Lawrence 1 50 00 

Philip Hone 150 00 

Weaver, Richardson & Co 150 00 

George Forrester 125 00 

S. T. Nicfill 100 00 

Robert Carnley 100 00 

T. O. Fowler 100 00 

Jolin C. Tucker 100 00 

.T. Hutchinson 100 00 

Francis Sjieir 100 00 

James R. Steers 100 00 

James Williamson & Co 100 00 

Samuel Marsh 100 00 

George Bell 100 00 

Calvin Huntington 100 00 

Arthur N. Girtord 100 00 

Fred. M. Maas & Co 100 00 

Ridley Watts 100 00 

Uriah J. Smith 100 00 

P. I. Nevius & Sons 100 00 

C. Heydecker 100 00 

Abner H. Beers 100 00 

Francis Alexandre 100 00 

Edward Delafield, M. 1) 100 00 

Newbold Edgar 100 00 

Archibald Russell 100 00 

Nathan II. Hall 100 00 

T. W. Moore 100 00 

Lewis M. Rutherford 100 00 

Rutherford Stuyvesant 100 00 

Hopkins & Co 100 00 

James N. Cobb 100 00 

Edward X. Kent 100 00 

N. Ludlum 100 00 

R. M.Hunt 100 00 

Woodruff& Co 100 00 

Ward, Campbell & Co 100 00 

Wm. Mackay 100 00 

Karalah, Saner & Co 100 00 

Edward II. Ln<llow 100 00 

A. W. Spies & Co 100 00 

John T. Metcalfe 100 00 

Henry Owen 100 00 

Bernhard Mayer 100 00 

George J. Sclnnelzel 100 00 

Drake Mills 100 00 

D. H. Arnold 100 00 

George Palen 100 00 

Isaac H. Bailey 100 00 

Sparkman, Truslow & Co 100 00 



George Schmelzel 

L. Bradish 

Wm. Tucker 

E. R. Ware & Co 

W. R. Redwood 

Acton Civill 

Mrs. C. M. Dash 

Cambridge Livingston 

George Ashton 

Dewitt, E:ittle & Co 

William Nelson 

John R. Hurd 

Wra. H. Jackson 

John Wolfe 

Charles Carow 

M. Delaiid 

Thomas E. Vermilye 

J. Atkins & Co 

Ed. H. Coster 

Joseph L. Lewis 

Alfred Tobias 

George F. Jones 

Thompson Brothers 

Samuel Blatcbford 

Morewood & Co 

Samuel T. Skidmore 

John G. Stearns 

Oliver II. Jones 

Lawrence, Cohen & Co 

Cunningham, Frost tt Throe- 

mortons 

Holmes & Co 

Wm. Macnaughtan 

Matthew Clarkson 

Elliot C. Cowdin 

Cornelius K. Sutton 

Ezra Nye 

Tajipan & Starbuck 

Uriel A. Murdock 

W. H. Fogg 

O. Wm. Butt 

Wm. Agnew & Sons 

Battelle & Ren wick 

Emil Heineraaun 

Captain John Britton 

Daniel S. Miller 

George Abeel 

I). B. Fearing 

Sidney Mason 

Mrs. Hopkins, in pennies.. . . 

Charles Henscbel 

James W. Beekraan 



5100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 



THE FIRE ZOUAVE FUND. 



37 



Lispenard Stewart 

John J. Crooke 

Robert McCciskry 

J. Q. Jones 

Geo. Collins 

Henry Ellswortli 

Thomas T. Sniitli 

Clias. M. Connolly & Co. . 

Mrs. Andrew Dunlap 

L. Lorut 

John B. Schmelzel 

Scharfenberg & Luis 

Chas. J. Howell 

Charles Dennis 

James Van Antwerp 

Archibald Hall, Jr 

John J. Charruaud 

Quick & L'Hommedieu . . . 

Whitmore & Co 

Joseph Greenleaf ....... 

Gabriel M. Tooker 

E. G. Thompson 

P. G. Churchill 

J. F. Hoyer 



$100 00 Chas. Gillespie 

100 00 S. A. Martine & Co 

100 00 Clerks of the Bank of America. 

100 00 Edward Robinson, Jr 

100 00 Geo. E. Archer 

100 00 John B. Crosby 

100 00 Geo. W. Berrian 

100 00 .1. Durbrow 

100 00 Wni. Vernon, Jr 

100 00 Capt. Thos. Ferguson 

100 00 I. Green Pearson 

100 00 Thomas Dewitt 

100 00 Gilbert Davis 

75 00 George Brown 

75 00 Mrs. Isaac Townsend 

.50 00 J. B. Lawrence, M. D 

50 00 Julius Gerson 

50 00 A. S. Jarvis 

50 00 F. L. Talcott 

50 00 Maury Brothers 

50 00 Captain Thos. Ingersoll 

50 00 All other sums, those given 

50 00 anonymously and those un- 

50 00 der |50 



j!50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 



6,350 25 



Total $179,500 00 

t 

Besides the aid received by volunteer regiments from this fund, many 
of them made collections of their own — that of the Fire Zouaves, Colonel 
Ellsworth, amounting to more than $20,000. Fourteen gentlemen, as follows, 
obtained the sums set opposite their names respectively, besides $5,000 given 
by the Union Defence Committee, and $5,000 by the Chamber of Commerce : 



James Kelly $2,980 John Decker. 

A. F. Ockershausen 1,500 Zophar Mills. . 

Jno. A. Cregier 3,250 .John S. Giles. 

A. G. Delatour 3,400 

O. W. Brennan 3,150 J. R. Piatt 

Geo. F. Nesbitt 940 J. Y. Watkins . . 

Wra. H. Wickham 825 Henry B. Venn. 



$503 

500 

705 

Wm. Wright 1,000 

300 

380 

845 



Total $20,428 



There were few regiments, indeed, that did not have their own special 
fund, though none were as large as that of the Zouaves. A Eichmond County 
regiment, of New York, collected $5,000 upon a Staten Island boat during a 
single trip. Entertainments, dramatic, musical, gymnastic, in a similar object, 
were given at an early date ; and it is probable that not a day has passed since 



38 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

in which, in some part of the country, there has not been some performance, 
professional, social, or amateur, some exhibition, some festival, some lecture, 
given directly or indirectly in aid of the cause, the receipts vaiying from five 
thousand dollars to fifty. 

On the 23d of April, the subscription in Chicago had reached hard upon 
$100,000, and was afterwards largely increased. The achievements of the 
Sturges Eifles, a company equipped by Solomon Sturges at an expense of 
$20,000, and of the Battery of the Chicago Board of Trade, upon which 
$G5,000 were expended, have long been familiar to all. 

Colonel Samuel Colt, of Hartford, offered to furnish a regiment with 
breech-loading rifles, at a cost of $50,000. 

In Boston, on the 25th of the moiitli, a subscription in behalf of the 
Twelfth Regiment, to be commanded by Colonel Fletcher Webster, had 
reached the sum of $12,500. The citizens of Jersey City expended $26,000 
upon the Second New Jei'sey. At a meeting in Oswego, N. Y., $1,600 were 
subscribed for purchasing side-arms for officers. Adams' Express offered to 
carry lint and soldiers' letters free. 

Large as the sums thus given undoubtedly were, they were of course 
trifling when compared with the sums appropriated by states and towns, a 
debt afterwards assumed by the' government. Funds raised throughout the 
country for another purpose, however, which were subject to no such com- 
jjarison, were not only relatively, but actually, large. These were the local 
funds, organized in almost every city, town, village, and neighborhood, for the 
support of the families of volunteers. Four thousand dollars were subscribed 
in Auburn, for this purpose, on the 19th of April ; forty-two persons gave 
$4,200 in one hour in Pittsburgh ; the Canandaigua subscription was headed 
by a signature good for $500 ; Oswego had obtained $10,000, Norwich, 
$10,000, Rochester, $20,000, Utica, $8,000, on the 20th ; and Binghampton, 
$10,000, on the 26th. Mr. Wm. Gray, of Boston, gave $10,000 for a similar 
purpose. These are not given as special instances, but as examples of what 
was universal, and had been spontaneous from one end of the country to the 
other. Nothing could have been more opportune, indeed, more indispensable, 
than the giving of these sums for this object. It enabled thousands to join 
the army who must otherwise have tarried at home ; and it removed from the 
minds of many, who would have gone at any rate, all anxiety for those they 
left behind them. The funds for soldiers'«families, raised by private subscrip- 
tion, and added to the sums voted in the same object, have been of the utmost 
service ; the good they have done cannot easily be overestimated. 



THE LAWYERS' FUND. 39 

A call for a meeting of the bench and bar of New York was published in 
the papers of April 22d, and such a meeting was held in the afternoon of that 
day, in the room of the Superior Court. Judges and ex-judges of the different 
benches, and representatives of nearly every law firm in the city, were present. 
After the reading of resolutions, the following gentlemen were appointed an 
executive committee : 



Hon. John W. Edmonds, William Allen Butler, 

" Jos. S. BoswoRTH, Hon. Wm. H. Leonard, 
" Edwards Pierrepont, " Henry Hilton, 

Henry Nicoll, Daniel Lord, 

William Fullerton, Dorman B. Eaton, 

Luther E. Marsh, Eichard O'Gorman, 

Alex. Hamilton, Jr., Gilbert Dean, 
John G. T. Smidt, 

Mr. Daniel Lord was appointed treasurer, and was soon the custodian of 
over $27,000, contributed by members of the bench and bar, for the relief of 
the families of volunteer.s. But a portion only has thus far been expended; 
deducting the disbursements, and adding the interest accrued upon the remain- 
der, the balance in hand is, or was very lately, some $19,000. 

The first collections in churches in aid of the cause were taken in Plymouth 
Church, Brooklyn, and in the Broadway Tabernacle, New York, on Sunday, 
the 21st. The latter congregation has, during the four years of the wai-, given, 
in answer to the numerous appeals made to it by the Sanitary, Christian, and 
Union Commissions, no less a sum than $30,000. The former has probably 
given more, in money and goods. 

On the 30th of April, the teachers in the public schools of Boston relin- 
quished a certain projDortion of their salaries during the rebellion, as follows : 

Superintendent of Schools and Masters of Latin, English High and Girls' 
High and Normal Schools, 25 per cent. 

Masters of Grammar Schools and Sub-Masters of English and Latin High 
Schools, 15 per cent. 

Sub-Masters of Grammar Schools and Ushers of Latin and English High 
Schools, 12J per cent. 

Ushers of Grammar Schools. 10 per cent. 

The aggi-egate of these percentages would amount to more than $12,000 a 
year. 



40 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



The pilots of New York harbor offered their services to take government 
vessels in and out of port gratis. Mr. Robert Dent, one of the honorable fra- 
ternity, seeing a soldier thinly clad about to embark during a heavy blow 
took off his shaggy, comfortable coat and gave it to him. A gentleman, 
noticing a Massachusetts man whose boots had given out during the tramp, 
rushed into a neighboring shoemaker's, purchased a new pair, and proposed to 
exchange with tlie ill-shod infantry-man. The latter, making a seat of his 




NEW BOOTS FOR OLD. 



knapsack placed upon the curb-stone, effected the amiable barter. Instances 
of personal good-will such as this were innumerable ; and where we mention 
one incident, let the reader give the rein to his fancy and imagine ten thou- 
sand similar ones; he will in every case fall short of the truth. 

An aged clergyman, the Eev. Mr. Skinner, unable to do much, but 
anxious to do the little he could, proposed, as the most effective way of aj)- 
plying and multiplying his slender contribution, to print fifty thousand copies 
of a brief treatise upon health, especially adapted to soldiers' reading. Thus 
early was one of the ideas broached, afterwards carried out so effectively in 
the publication of medical monographs by the Sanitary Commission. 

On tlie 23d of April, Sherman's Battery of eight howitzers, manned by 
eighty men, passed through Philadelphia on its way to Washington. As the 
train conveying the troops stopped, the women of the neighboring streets 
hurried out to the cars, bearing a welcome on their lips and a more substantial 
one in their hands. Plates which had been filled for others — the soldiers had 
arrived at the propitious hour of dinner — dishes cooking upon the range, 
baskets hastily stocked from the pantry and the larder, bottles, decanters, and 



THE VANDERBILT. 



41 



flagons were brought forth into the highway, and the weary and thirsty 
ti'avellers abundantly refreshed. The stocks of itinerant fruiterers were 
eagerly bought up by generous monopolists, and any man iu blue and red 
might have as many oranges as he could catch. A hat was passed around, 
and its contents were expended in cigars and tobacco for those who loved the 
weed. This done, hands were hurriedly shaken, good-byes hastily uttered, 
and the train moved slowly off, the gallant cannoneers giving nine cheers for 
the Union, the Constitution, and the ladies of Philadelphia. 

At the close of an enthusiastic meeting for army contributions iu New 
York, two ladies approached the secretary's desk, and placed upon it an un- 
pretentious parcel. As they passed out, a curious hand unrolled the package, 
and revealed a large number of old linen handkerchiefs, inscribed with the 
names of Alice and Phoebe Gary. 

On the 14th of May, Cornelius Vanderbilt wi'ote a letter to Mr. "W. 0. Bart- 
lett, in which he said that he had offered to dispose of the ocean steamer 
Vanderbilt to the government, but had received no answer to his communica- 
tion. He then added what follows : 

" You are authorized to renew this proposition, with such additions thereto 
as are hereinafter set forth. I feel a great desire that the goverimient should 




TUE FRIGATE VANHJiUlilLT. 



have the steamer Vanderbilt, as she is acknowledged to be as fine a ship as 
floats the ocean, and, in consequence of her great speed and capacity, would, 
with a proper aiTuament, be of more efiicient service in keeping our coast 
clear of piratical vessels than any other ship. Therefore you are authoiized 
to say, in my behalf, that the government can take this ship at a valuation 
to be determined by the Hon. Eobert F. Stockton, of New Jersey, the only 



42 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

ex-commodore in the navy, and any two commodores in the service, to be 
selected by the government ; and if this will not answer, will the government 
accept her as a present from their humble servant? 

************ 

"Yours, very respectfully, 

"0. Vanderbilt." 

Owing to the fact that a portion of the Vanderbilt's machinery is above the 
deck, and exposed to the enemy's shot, the Navy Department was for a time 
unwilling to accept this munificent projsosal ; but afterwards, when better 
provided with long range cannon, which would enable the vessel to use her 
own guns at a safe distance from those of the enemy, she was accepted by the 
government, converted into a powerful man-of-war, and sent upon a cruise 
in search of privateers. The vessel has since done excellent service, and 
proved a most valuable acquisition to the navy. The gift was worth, in 
money, not far from three quarters of a million of dollars. 

Certain persons endeavored to show that Mr. Vanderbilt could well afford 
to give his vessel to the government, as she had already earned a large sum of 
money, and that therefore he deserved but little credit. We cannot see the 
force of this reasoning. Would any one of these captious individuals im- 
pugn the generosity of a friend who should give or bequeath them a govern- 
ment bond, on the ground that he had cut off and cashed the coujDons as they 
successively fell due ? 

At about this time, the congregation of Plymouth Church engaged to fur- 
nish every man of the Brooklyn Fourteenth with shoes, undershirts, drawers, 
stockings, handkerchiefs, suspenders, and sponge. As if to furnish a basis of 
comparison between individual and congregational effort, Mrs. Walker, a poor 
woman of New York, supplied Wilson's Eegiment of Zouaves with sixty shirts 
of her own making. 

The police force of New York had, by the middle of May, furnished the 
army thirty-four \-olunteers, engaging to pay to the family of each $50 a 
month, and assessing themselves in the following amounts for that object: 
Superintendents, .$5 ; inspectors, $3 ; captains, $2 ; sergeants, $1.50 ; patrol- 
men, $1 each. 

In the first month after the fall of Sumter, the people of the United States 
spent a million dollars for flags, and half as much more for badges, emblems, 
cockades, rosettes, and other patriotic devices. For one flag torn down, thou- 
sands upon thousands were thrown to the wind. In the cities they floated not 



THE CHURCH AND THE FLAG. 



43 




"THEKE LET IT WAVE. AS IT \SAVEI> Uf OLD." 



only from liberty-pole, flag-staff, and casement, not only from ropes and 
halliards, but from steeple, spire, and belfry. "We will take our glorious 
flag," said Bishop Simpson, "and nail it just below the cross. That is high 
enough ! There let it wave, as it waved of old. First Christ, then our 
country !" The streets were gorgeous with the loyal colors ; and when the 
wind blew at right angles with the grand thoroughfares of the larger cities, 
the sky seemed heavy with massive red and blue, and stars could be seen at 



44 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

mid-day. Before the rebellion there were not ten flag-staffs upon private 
edifices in Broadway ; by the first of June there were hundreds. The flag 
manufacturers were overrun, and though they doubled and trebled their prices, 
there was no diminution in the demand. When bunting gave out, pongee, 
China silk, and finally cotton were used. What recruiting officers those 
starry banners were! They rendered better service than provost-marshals 
have since. Mr. Thomas W. Davidson, a rigger by trade, who believed that 
no lieight was too lofty to bear the stars and stripes, raised the flag upon the 
pinnacle of Trinity and St. Paul's, apparently at the imminent risk of his life, 
and offered to do as much fur any church, gratis. William O'Donnell and 
Charles McLaughlin, painters, clambered up Grace Church lightning-rod, 
fastened a staff to the stem of the cross, threw out the flag, and raised their hats 
to the crowd below. There have been few open air spectacles more beautiful 
than the display of the national colors in the cities, on two widely dissimilar 
occasions : when Sumter was lost, and when it was recovered. There may be 
a certain beauty, fantastic and weird, in a feast of lanterns ; but there is more 
than beauty, there is grandeur, inspiration, sublimity, in a carnival of flags. 

Serious undertaking though it be to regale a regiment of soldiers, men 
and women have been found, or were found in the earlier times, to attempt it, 
yea, and to succeed in it. Two instances must suffice : that of a New York 
regiment treated to clams, and that of a distribution of doughnuts among the 
men of the Third Maine. 

Clams and colors ! This was the bill of fare drawn up and paid for by an 
ingenious gentlemen who lived upon the sea-coast. A state and regimental 
flag and thirty thousand clams ! Clams in such aggregates as this suggest 
appalling reflections ; but they are singularly modified by distribution and 
subdivision, and there remains but the lesser question of individual digestion. 
But the leavings ! Sixty thousand clam-shells ! Memories of Aristides and 
ostracism heave up out of the mists of other days, and we wonder whether 
the majority against The Just was any thing like this. Then we ask ourselves 
if ostracizing a just man is in any wise different from nominating to office, and 
then defeating, a good man. Should Aristides be proposed as aldennan in 
New York, could he be elected ? Is it not likely that he was merely an early 
victim to universal sufEi-age ? And what right have we to contemn the Greek 
method of utilizing oyster-shells, when it is plain we should put the clam-shell 
to the same use if the paper-mills should stop ? 

Clams upon the coast, doughnuts on the plain. The ladies of Augusta 
summoned the men of the Third Maine to a festival, pi'omising fifty bushels 




DOUGHNUTS FOR A REGIMENT. 



45 



^ 1 ' .1 

\ 



r — 



I'm .WJ. "^ 6r r- 







THE LADIES OF AFGTTSTA TREATING THE THIRD MAINE TO DOUGHNUTS. 

of doughnuts. The cooks and housewives of the city had for days been 
elaborating the viscous compound, and it appeared upon the field at the 
appointed hour, cut into lengths and twisted into shapes, conveyed in baskets 
by persons wlio had not yet been pronounced contraband of war. The soldiers, 
drawn up in hollow square — how apt is this word hollow, when applied to 
men who have fasted in view of promised doughnuts ! — received the proces- 
sion, which consisted of music, then tlie ladies, then the doughnuts. After 
certain ceremonies, the ranks were broken, and the martial, civic, and contra- 
band elements blended in pleasing harmony. Eye-witnesses have given us 
glimpses of the scene. It is true, they say, that there were a few human 
beings, houses,, and quadrupeds, which might have been remarked, but 
the principal feature of the landscape was doughnuts. Never was such an 
aggregate seen since the world began. The circumambient air was redolent 
of doughnuts ; every breeze sighed doughnuts ; the soldiers ate doughnuts, 
the ladies laughed doughnuts, the distributors cried doughnuts. There was 
the molasses doughnut and the sugar doughnut, the round doughnut and the 
square doughnut, the single-twisted doughnut and the three-ply doughnut, 
the light-riz doughnut and the hard-kneaded doughnut. Doughnuts niled 
the camp, if not the court and the grove. As those who lived upon short 



46 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

commons sighed for the flesh-pots, so, doubtless, douglmuts were remembered 
with longings in the days of hard tack. 

One instance of another sort must answer for hundreds. Lieutenant York, 
of Duryea's Zouaves, lost his sword in an early skirmish ; and by " lost" it is 
meant that a grape-shot struck it, broke the scabbard in halves, bent the 
sword, and cut out a piece of the blade. Lieutenant York sent the remnant 
home to his son, who exhil)ited it to his father's colleagues of the bar, in the 
Superior Court room in New York. Of course a subscription was the imme- 
diate I'esult, no one being allowed to contribute more than two dollars. When 
the new sword was purchased, it was found that money still remained, so a 
carbine was added, and after that a field-glass. The outfit of thousands of 
officers — their swords, their saddles, their horses — were paid for by coteries of 
admiring friends, or by appeals to an indulgent and sympathizing public. 

The artists of New York put their loyalty on record at an early date. Several 
of their number had either left the city with their regiments or had joined regi- 
ments in order to leave. Those who remained clubbed together to collect a 
gallery of pictures, over which Mr. Leeds should brandish his hammer — driving 
imaginary nails on which to hang the pictures when patriots had bought them. 
One hundred and thirteen pictures were contributed, and if they had brought 
two dollars more than they did, the result would have been a round $5,000. 
We give a specimen from the catalogue, premising that what is omitted from 
this book, in this case as in others, is every whit as good as that which is told : 
after all we can say or do, we shall have given but a sample, a taste, a glimpse. 
Our digestion could not bear a full feast, nor our eyes the full glare : 

Moonliglit on the Grand Men.-iu Wm. Hart $100 00 

Black Your Boots, Sir -J. O. B. Inmau 45 00 

Swiss Mountains Casilear 8.5 00 

Niagara Gignoux 160 00 

Reflection Beard 60 00 

Soutli Pass, Rocky Mountains Bierstadt 50 00 

Cuniican Sibyl Lang 100 00 

Homeward through the Stream A. F. Bellows 140 00 

A Foxy Morning Eastman Johusnn 105 00 

Landscape Kensett 105 00 

Stream J. M. Hart 80 00 

Paolina H. P. Gray 80 00 

Happy Suinmer Time G. A. Baker 150 00 

Old Mill MoEntee 47 50 

Study Durand 110 00 

Beatrice Huntington 115 00 

The Life Boat Warren 60 00 

Death of Scipio Darley 75 00 



THE MISSOURI FUND. 



47 



New York set the example, in May, of aiding, by levies of money, the 
efforts of patriots a thousand miles away. The situation of Missouri was so 
anomalous, the condition of Union men there so distressing, that assistance 
from without was indispensable to enable them to fulfil their duty as loyal 
inhabitants of a loyal state. Mr. Frank P. Blair asked the assistance of New 
York to enable Mm to equip a regiment of Missouri volunteers ; Mr. Isaa<^ 
Sherman would receive subscriptions and administer the fund. In a month's 
time the account stood thus, and was finally closed : 



Friends of Missouri, through James 

MeKaye $1,000 

I. Sherman 1,000 

Royal Phelps 500 

August Belmont 500 

Geo. Griswohl, Jr 500 

J. N. A. GriswoUl 500 

James Lenox 500 

Mr. Aspinwall ] 

Mr. "Whitewright I 500 

Mr. Iloadley \ 

Sherman & Romaine 400 

Brown Brotliers & Co 250 

James Meinell , 250 

Sandy Hook Pilots 250 

Great Western Ins. Co 250 

Smith & Dimon 200 

Samuel Wetmore 100 

Meigs & Greenleaf" 100 



J. D. Jones $100 

F. G. Shaw 100 

Goodhue & Co 100 

J. F. Butterwortli 100 

R. P. Buck & Co 100 

D. Dows & Co 100 

C. IT. Marshall & Co 100 

Benj. B. Sherman 100 

Duncan, Sherman & Co 100 

W. H. Peckham 100 

"Western Transportation Co 100 

A. Iselin efe Co 100 

Seligman & Stettheimer 100 

Joseph Battell 100 

Ephraim Treadwell's Sons 100 

Grinnell, Minturn & Co 100 

Benkard & Hutton 100 

All otliers fi,230 

Ckithing 1.55 



Total $14,885 



Somewhat later, when a foothold was obtained upon the coast of Nortli 
Carolina by the capture of Fort Hatteras, the inhabitants of the redeemed 
district were found to be in need, and a North Carolina Aid Association 
solicited money to be spent in their relief Ten thousand dollars were obtained 
for this purpose in New York. 

When Colonel Stetson, of the Astor House, New York, was asked for his 
bill for the entertainment of regiments from Massachusetts, he sent this mes- 
sage to Governor Andrew : "The Astor House makes no charge for feeding 
Massachusetts troops." 

The Americans in Paris no sooner heard of the events in Charleston 
Harbor than they convened to concert measures in aid of the government. 
The first form given to the assistance offered was coin; the second, artillery. 
It was thought that cannon were more needed at home than any other weapons 



48 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



of offence, and accordingly two Wbitworth guns were in due time dispatched. 
These were mounted first upon Federal Hill, Baltimore, and afterwards in 
Fort Ellsworth, Alexandria. The following was the paper, as drawn up and 
signed in Paris in May, 1861 : 



We, the undersigned, hereby agree to 
purpose of purchasing rifled cannon to be 
the laws and upholding tlie Constitution and 

John J. Ridgeway fi-s. 2,500 

Robert Sturgis 2,500 

Francis Warden 2,000 

ifessrs. Cranch, Dana & May, eacli a 

picture, 500 frs 1,500 

A. E. Borie 1,000 

Henry Woods 1,000 

Dr. Thomas W. Evans 1,000 

Mrs. Dudley Selden 1,000 

W. C. Eminett 1,000 

Woodbury Langdon 1,000 

A. J. Cipriaut 1,000 

James Phalen 1,000 

G. H. Coster 1,000 

Renel Smith 1,000 

F. Sumner 1,000 

J. K. Smyth 1,000 

II. Hutchinson 1,000 

Mrs. Richard Ray 1,000 

G. R. Russell 1,000 

Dr. Berger 1,000 

Theodore Lyman 1,000 

Edward Brooks 1,000 

J. D. Wendel 500 

A. T. P 500 

J. W. Wheeler 500 

J. D. B. C 500 

Mrs. C. F. Ilovey 500 

C. B. Hotchkiss 500 

E. C. Cowdin 500 

Mrs. Greenough 500 

Geo. T. Rioliards 500 

James Eddy 500 

Dr, Gage 500 

Persifer Eraser 500 

Theo. S. Evans 500 

D. D. Howard 500 

H. W. Spencer 500 

Horace H. Williams 500 

Samuel Hammond 500 

Mr. Fagnani (two portraits at one 

quarter the usual price) 500 



pay the sums affixed to our names, for the 
forwarded to America, to be used in enforcing 
Union ; 

W. K. Strong frs. 500 

Geo. A. He.arn 500 

J. S. Andrews 500 

T. Wallace Evans 500 

F. S. Lovering 500 

Geo. B. English 500 

Madame de Courbal 500 

Mrs. R. G. Shaw 500 

G. H. Mumford 500 

Mrs. Colford Jones 500 

Rev. C. T. Th.iyer 300 

H. L 300 

Miss H. R. Woolsey 250 

E. Lincoln 250 

Dr. Beylard 250 

A. Depeyster 250 

Wm. A. Hovey 250 

M. C. Burnap 250 

Charles Pepper 250 

J. J. Randolph 250 

Mrs. H. L 200 

J. H. Deming 200 

J. H. Canfield 200 

Mrs. Lawrence Moore 200 

Mrs. Dodge 200 

A. K. P. Cooper 100 

G. P. Howell 100 

IL C. S 100 

John Smith 100 

E. F. Eraraett 100 

G. Hinckley Clark 100 

G. S. Partridge 100 

Dr. McClintock 100 

Miss C. C. Woolsey 100 

Mrs. E. W. Clark 100 

Jas. W. Tucker 100 

John Markes 100 

George Potter 100 

Henry J. Hunt 100 

J. E. Irvin 100 

A. P. Strange 100 

T. Puison 100 



COLCHESTER AND I'lllLADELPHIA. 49 

John Mix frs. 1 00 Eev. Mr. Longacre frs. 50 

W. F. Dodd 100 Rev. Mi-. Looiiiis .'50 

Charles Francis 100 Mr. Eastman 50 

P. B 100 Dr. McGdwan 50 

F. H. Clark 100 Elbridge Torry 50 

Mrs. G 100 John Lindsey 50 

Mr. Homer 100 J. Fagnani 4(i 

For a year the voluntary offerings of the people continued upon the scale 
indicated by the few instances we have mentioned. And this scale was one 
which had been tacitly established or agreed iipon, and represented, doubtless, 
the public idea of the necessities of the case. But in May, 1862, when certain 
events showed the need of the country to be far greater than had been sup- 
posed, the spirit of giving rose with the occasion. General Banks was com- 
pelled to retreat down the Shenandoah Valley and to recross the Potomac. 
Washington was again believed to be in danger, and the militia of the neigli- 
boring states were again called out. Soon after, the Army of the Potomac was 
forced, after inflicting and suffering great loss, to abandon its attempt on 
Eichmond ; Pope was defeated in the Valley of Virginia, and the now defiant 
army of the rebels crossed the Potomac into Maryland. Under the spur of 
this second necessity, the contributions of the people were to those made after 
the fall of Sumter and the defeat of Bull Bun as sixteen is to seven. Such 
statistics as are accessible show the voluntary contributions of the second year 
to have been more than double those of the first. Disaster seemed only to 
stimulate to further exertion, and whether the call was for money or men, the 
supply and the willingness to furnish either the one or the other kept steady 
pace with the demand. Everjr town and village had its war fund, its relief 
committee, its disbursing officers. An example or two will show how these 
matters were managed in 1862. We take one village, Colchester, Connecticut ; 
and one city, Philadelphia. 

Colchester maybe dismissed in a few words. The inhabitants first sub- 
scribed to a fund for the promotion of enlistments ; then to a fund for the 
relief of the families of volunteers. Both the soldiers and their wives and 
children were handsomely dealt with. Then the village doctor promised to 
prescribe for those left behind, gratis ; then the clergymen engaged to furnish 
them sittings in all the churches, gratis ; next, the village apothecary declared 
that he would put up all prescriptions for the wives and children of soldiers, 
gratis ; and, finally, the undertaker agreed that if tlie physician and the drug- 
gist labored in vain, and any soldier's heir died, he would bury him gratis. 
The quota of Colchester was filled at an early day. 



50 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

We take the case of Philadelpliia, for the reason that the sum obtained 
was by far the largest bounty and defence fund ever raised by subscription; 
it therefore serves for itself and for those of all smaller communities, as the 
greater includes the less. Doubtless the exposure of the city to invasion lent 
a certain zest to the proceedings of the various assemblages, but it is not neces- 
sary to suppose that a sense of danger placed one additional dollar upon the 
books. It was the 16th of July ; the Army of the Potomac was at Harrison's 
Landing, and the rebel forces, relieved from the necessity of defending Rich- 
mond, were preparing to assume the offensive. The President was known to 
be preparing an order for a draft, to compel the filling of quotas under the call 
for 300,000 men. A public-spirited citizen wrote to one of the morning 
papers that he would be glad to be one of one hundred persons to subscribe 
$1,000 each, towards raising ten regiments in the city. This proposal was 
seconded in the papers of the next day ; and two days afterwards another cor- 
respondent made known his willingness to be one of the hundred, adding that 
he inferred from the remarks of a friend, that that gentleman could also be 
counted upon. 

On Thursday, the 24th of July, a preliminary meeting of citizens was held 
at the rooms of the Board of Trade, the mayor of the city in the chair. Mr. 
John D. Watson stated that the meeting was called in consequence of the 
proclamation issued by the governor, urging every city, town, and borough in 
the commonwealth, to take some action in the now pressing matter of providing 
bounties and filling the contingent of Pennsylvania. Money could not be 
obtained from the treasury without authority of law, and the legislature was 
not in session. It must be raised by individual subscription. Harrisburg 
had set the example, and it was time that Philadelphia followed it. Mr. 
Charles Gilpin thought that the occasion appealed both to the honor and 
selfishness of the people. The solid men should now come forward. For 
liimself, he was not able to serve as a private, and he had not the faculty of 
coniinand ; he was not rich, but he would place one thousand dollars — in his 
opinion a small contribution — at the service of the country. Mr. Gilpin was 
the first subscriber. 

The Hon. Henry D. Moore said that there were three causes which retarded 
enlistments iu Pennsylvania; first, the laboring classes were earning better 
wages than were paid by government ; second, the floating population had 
already been absoi'bed ; and, third, neighboring states and towns had offered 
bounties as an inducement to volunteer, while Pennsylvania had ofifered none. 
Bounties must be offered, and the citizens must provide for their payment. 



TUE PlllLADELl'lIlA BOUNTY FUND. 51 

Mr. Lorin Blodget submitted a .series of resolutious providing for the ap- 
pointment of committees. 

The three gentlemen whom we have mentioned as proposing to contribute 
$1,000 each, now proved their sincerity. A paper was handed to the mayor 
containing the names of eleven firms pledged for $15,0,00, in case the sum of 
$100,000 should be subscribed, for the purpose of raising ten city regiments, 
under the direction of the mayor. It was thought best, however, to leave the 
matter in the hands of the state authorities, and the plan was not adopted. 
The officers to collect and administer the fund were now appointed, as fol- 
lows : 

Chairman, 
Alexander Henry, Mayor of the City. 

Vice- Chairman, 
Thomas Webster. 

Treasurer, 
S. A. Mercer. 

Sect'ctary, 
Lorin Blodget. 

Dish uming Com m ittee, 

Michael Y. Baker, George Whitney, 

S. A. Mercer. 

Committee, 

Alexander Henry, William Welsh, 

Charles Gibbons, J. Ross Snowden, 

Charles D. Freeman, A. E. Borie, 

S. A. Mercer, S. W. De Coursey, 

Dr. James McClintock, George H. Stuart, 

Thomas Webster, M. V. Baker, 

George Whitney, J. E. Addicks, 

J. D. Watson, James Milliken, 

L. Blodget, James C. Hand. 

A subscription book was formally opened, and before the meeting ad- 
journed nearly $36,000 had been promised. During the progress of the meet- 
ing, the Board of Directors of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company had 



52 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



indited a letter to Governor Curtin to the effect that $50,000 of their money 
was at the disposal of the executive, or of a duly appointed committee, for 
bounty money to soldiers. The next day, the Philadelphia and Reading 
Railroad Company subscribed $25,000, and private citizens $34,000 more. 
On Saturday, under the genial influence of a war meeting, held in Indepen- 
dence Square, $-±2,000 were received. Subscriptions continued to be made 
till the middle of September, when the sum total was witliin a few thousand 
dollars of half a million. We subjoin the list, as perhaps the most remarkable 
to which the rebellion has given birth; and, to make this brief story of the 
Philadeljohia Bounty Fund complete, append a statement of the objects to 
which the money was applied. The reader will find these columns of names 
more interesting than, at first glance, he would perhaps be inclined to suppose, 
and their value will increase with age : 

PHILADELPHIA BOUNTY FUND— JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, 1862. 



Pennsylyani;i Pvailniml Co $50,000 00 

Philadelpliiii and Reading Rail- 
road Company 2.5,000 00 

Bank of Nortli America 10,000 00 

Philadelphia Bank 6,000 00 

Philadelphia Savinfj; Fund So- 
ciety 5,000 00 

Green Tree Mutual Ins. Co 5,000 00 

Mutual Assurance Company for 

Insuring Houses 5,000 00 

Franklin Fire Insurance Co 5,000 00 

Pliiladelpliia Contributionship 

Insurance Company 5,000 00 

Farmers' and Meclianics' Bank. . 5,000 00 

S. V. Merrick 3,000 00 

McKean, Borie & Co 3,000 00 

Benjamin Bullock & Sons 3,000 00 

A. Whitney & Sons 3,000 00 

Girard Bank 3,000 00 

North American Insurance Co. . 2,500 00 

Delaware Mutual Insurance Co. 2,500 00 

Commercial Bank 2,500 00 

Pennsylvania Fire Insurance Co. 2,500 00 
Philadelphia Steam Propeller Co. 2,500 00 
Philadelphia and Trenton Rail- 
road Company 2,500 00 

I. P. Morris, Towne & Co 2,000 00 

Wm. H. Horstmann & Sons 2,000 00 

Sellers & Co 2,000 00 

Morris, Tasker & Co 2,000 00 



Pennsylvania Company for Insu- 
rance on Lives and Granting 

Annuities $2,000 00 

Philadelphia, Wilmington and 

Baltimore Railroad Company. 2,000 00 

Neafie & Levy 2,000 00 

Western Bank 1.500 00 

Bank of Northern Liberties 1,500 00 

W. P. Wilstach & Co 1,500 00 

American Bank Note Company. 1,500 00 

Reliance Mutual Insurance Co. . 1,500 00 

American Fire Insurance Co.. . . 1,500 00 

Employees of Schuylkill Arsenal 1,200 00 

John Grigg 1,100 00 

Chas. Gilpin 1,000 00 

Wm. Welsh 1,000 00 

A friend, per Wm. Welsh 1,000 00 

Hanson Robinson 1,000 00 

Henry Winsor 1,000 00 

John T. Lewis & Brothers 1,000 00 

Daniel Haddock 1,000 00 

John Ashurst 1,000 00 

Joseph B. Myers 1,000 00 

Samuel S. White 1,000 00 

J. E. Caldwell 1,000 00 

Stuart & Brother 1,000 00 

John Haseltine 1,000 00 

Wm. H. Kern 1,000 00 

Edward C. Knight & Co 1,000 00 

Stephen & Jas. M. Flanagan 1,000 00 



THE rillLADELlMIIA IIOUXTY FUND. 



53 



Ilenry M. Watts $1,000 00 

■Welliiifi, Coffin it Co 1,000 00 

Win. B. Mann 1,000 00 

Bailey & Co 1,000 00 

Taylor, Gillespie & Co 1 000 00 

Do Coursey, Lafourcade & Co . . 1,000 00 

John B. Alyers 1,000 00 

C. Sherman & Son 1,000 00 

J. P. Ilutoliinson 1,000 00 

W. A. Blanchard 1,000 00 

Drexel & Co 1,000 00 

Jay Cooke & Co 1,000 00 

Cabccn & Co 1,000 00 

Benjamin Iloiner 1,000 00 

Thomas Sparks 1,000 00 

Evan Randolph 1,000 OO 

John Gibson, Sons & Co 1,000 00 

lungerich & Smith 1,000 00 

Daniel Smith, Jr 1,000 00 

C. & II. Borie 1,000 00 

Edward M. Hopkins 1,000 00 

Jacob Jones 1,000 00 

Henry J. Williams 1,000 00 

John Dallett & Co 1,000 00 

S. B. Van Syekel 1,000 00 

Tatham & Brothers 1,000 00 

W. R. Wliite 1,000 00 

N. Trotter & Co 1,000 00 

Slade, Smith & Co 1,000 00 

Bloomfield H. Moore 1,000 00 

A. D. Jessnp 1,000 00 

J. B. Lippincott & Co 1,000 00 

Captain W. AYhilldin 1,000 00 

Howell & Brothers 1,000 00 

Henry Simons 1,000 00 

Charles P. Fox 1,000 00 

Mercer & Antelo 1,000 00 

Josei)h Swift 1,000 00 

Thomas Drake 1,000 00 

Charles N. Baker 1,000 00 

John Mason & Co 1,000 00 

Stewart, Carson & Co 1,000 00 

Alexander Benson & Co 1,000 00 

Horace Binney 1,000 00 

James Rowland & Co 1,000 00 

Brown, Hill & Co 1,000 00 

J. Rliea Barton, M. I) 1,000 00 

Leonard & Baker 1,000 00 

Peter Williamson 1,000 00 

James, Kent & Santee 1,000 00 

Edmund A. Souder & Co 1,000 00 

Edwin Forrest 1,000 00 



Sliarpless Brothers |1,000 00 

Charles Gibbons 1,000 00 

W. M. Meredith 1,000 00 

T. W. Evans 1,000 00 

Tredick, Stokes & Co 1,000 00 

Geo. P. Smith 1,000 00 

Ohas. S. Coxe 1,000 00 

Girard Life Insurance ("onipany. 1,000 00 

Adams' Express Company 1,000 00 

Bank of Penn Township 1,000 00 

American Life and Trust Co 1,000 00 

Fire Association of Philadelphia. 1,000 00 

J. R. Ingersoll 1,000 00 

Manufacturers' and Mfcli.-inics' 

Bank 1,000 00 

Riegel, Wiest & Erviii 1,000 00 

Cornelius & Baker 1,000 00 

A. Campbell & Co 1,000 00 

Baltimore & Philadeljiliia Steam- 
boat Company 1,000 00 

New York and Baltimore Trans- 
portation Line 1,000 00 

Wm. C. Houston & Thos. Mott. . 1,000 00 

Phoenix Iron Company 1,000 00 

Thomas P. Hooper 1,000 00 

.John Pondir 1,000 00 

Noblit, Brown & Noblit 1,000 00 

Evans Rogers 1,000 00 

Philadelphia and New York Ex- 

jiress Steamboat Conii)any. .. . 1,000 00 

Samuel Welsh 1,000 00 

Philadelphia Hide and Tallow 

Association 1,000 00 

John J. Ridgew.iy, of Paris .... 1,000 00 

John A. Brown 1,000 00 

Tyler, Stone & Co 1,000 00 

James Dundas 1,000 00 

N. R. Chambers 1,000 00 

Thos. Wattson & Sons 1,000 00 

A Visitor at Brigantine Beach. . 1,000 00 

J. B. Moorhead 1,000 00 

J. V. Williamson 1,000 00 

William Bucknell 1,000 00 

Union Mutual Insurance Co 1,000 00 

Chas. Macalester 1,000 00 

Jas. C. Hand & Co 1.000 00 

Murphy & Allison 1,000 00 

Dr. D. Jayne & Son 1,000 00 

Powers & Weightman 1 ,000 00 

Jacob P. Jones l,00(i 00 

Bank of Commerce 1.000 00 

Phaniix Mutual Insurance Co .. . 1,000 00 



54 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



City Bank $1,000 00 

R. F. Loper 1,000 00 

Geo. F. Pt-abody & Co 1.000 00 

Insurance Company of the State 

of Pennsylvania 1,000 00 

Kensington ]?ank 1,000 00 

Le Fevre, Park & Co 1,000 00 

Pennsylvania Mutual Life Insu- 
rance Company 1,000 00 

Shart'iier, Zeigler & Co 1,000 00 

Tradesmen's Bank 1,000 00 

Consolidation Bank 1,000 00 

Soutlnvark Bank 1,000 00 

Thomas Smith 1,000 00 

David Milne 800 00 

J. H. Ingham 700 00 

Philadelphia Board of Brokers. . 600 00 

Geo. D. Parrish 500 00 

Tliomas A. Scott 500 00 

(rans, Leberraan & Co 500 00 

W. Pv. Thompson 500 00 

Thompson, Clarke & Young 500 00 

.lohn Baird 500 00 

Wain, Learning & Co 500 00 

Tobias Wagner 500 00 

Ohas. W. Poultney 500 00 

W. H. Newbold, Son & Aertsen. 500 00 

Wm. Rowland & Co 500 00 

A. J. Lewis 500 00 

Verree & Mitchell 500 00 

Chas. Taylor 500 00 

.lohn Stone & Sons 500 00 

William S. Smith 500 00 

John C. Fan- 500 00 

D. B. Cummins 500 00 

Reece, Seal & Co 500 00 

JT. & G. Taylor 500 00 

II. B. & G. "w. Benners 500 00 

Isaac Lea 500 00 

Mrs. Anne Hertzog 500 00 

Samuel Powell 500 00 

Baeder, Delaney & Adamson. . . 500 00 

Wm. Ashbridge 500 00 

E. S. Whelen & Co 500 00 

Hay & McDevitt 500 00 

Wni. M. Baird 500 00 

M. & C. Sternberger 500 00 

Esherick, Black & Co 500 00 

Humphreys, Hotfm.in & Wright. 500 00 

Wilcox, Brothers & Co 500 00 

Thomas Clyde 500 00 

William H. Hart 500 00 



John M. Ford $500 00 

John Wyeth & Brother 500 00 

Joseph B. Lapsley 500 00 

Cumberland Nail & Iron Works. 500 00 

Charles E. Smith 500 00 

Hunter, Scott & Co 500 00 

Rosengarten & Sons 500 00 

Proprietors of Evening Bulletin. 500 00 

Joseph Campion 500 00 

Wm. Struthers 500 00 

John Rodman Paul 500 00 

Still well S. Bishop 500 00 

James Manderson 500 00 

T. C. Henry & Co 500 00 

Philip S. Justice 500 00 

Samuel B. Phillips 500 00 

E. C. & P. H. Warren 500 00 

Alexander Henry 500 00 

E. W. Clark & Co 500 00 

Little, Stokes & Co 500 00 

James R. Campbell 500 00 

John W. Forney 500 00 

Cliarles Spencer 500 00 

Delaware Mutual Insurance Co. 500 00 

Union Steamship Co 500 00 

S. B. Stitt 500 00 

Commonwealth Bank 500 00 

Wilson, Childs & Co 500 00 

Michael F. Clark 500 00 

Tioga Railroad Co 500 00 

Martin Landenberger 500 00 

Philadeli)liia Master Plasterers' 

Society 500 00 

W. E. Garrett & Sons 500 00 

Alexander Brown 500 00 

E. Jessup 500 00 

George F. Lee 500 00 

Abraham Baker 500 00 

Andrew M. Jones 500 00 

William D. Jones & Co 500 00 

Smith, Williams & Co 500 00 

William S. Hansell & Sons 500 00 

William Ilarmer 500 00 

Yarnell it Trimble 500 00 

Union Bank 500 00 

Enterprise Insurance Co 500 00 

J. Emory Stone 500 00 

Frishmuth & Co 500 00 

Edwin Greble 500 00 

Bank of Gerraantown 500 00 

Anthracite Insurance Co 500 00 

Wilmington Steamboat Co 500 00 



THE PHILADELPHIA BOUNTY FUND. 



66 



Corn Excliango Bank $500 00 

Wm. liicliai-dson 500 00 

Stephen G. Fottcrall 500 00 

Adam Wartlinian 500 00 

Noble, Caldwell & Co 500 00 

Davis Pearson & Co 500 00 

Billings, Roop & Co 500 00 

Geo. C. Thomas 500 00 

Lewis & Damon 500 00 

American iliitual Insnrance Co. 500 00 

O. Colkot 500 00 

Furness, Bi-inley & Co 500 00 

John M. Reed 500 00 

Lndwig, Kneedlcr & Co 500 00 

Edward Coles 500 00 

Girard Fire and Marine Ins. Co. 500 00 

T. & J. W. Johnson & Co 500 00 

Arnold, Nusbauni & Nirdlinger. 500 00 

Francis King 500 00 

Vetterlein & Co 500 00 

Alan Wood & Co 400 00 

Shields & Brother 400 00 

S. & C. SchofieW 400 00 

Elias D. Koimedy 400 00 

J. Wood & Brothers 400 00 

Robert Cohnrn & Son 400 00 

Crissey & Marklcy 350 00 

Evans & Ilassall 300 00 

E. P. Moyer & Brothers 300 00 

Rockhill & Wilson 300 00 

Gilbert Royal & Co 300 00 

Stevenson & Maris 300 00 

Joseph F. Page 300 00 

Code, Hopper & Co 300 00 

French, Richards & Co 300 00 

John Eisenbrey 300 00 

Clement L. Hughes 300 00 

Grocers' Sugar House 300 00 

Jesse Smith 300 00 

Ficken & Williams 300 00 

Reynolds, Howell & Reiff 300 00 

Grove & Brother 300 00 

Dr. David James 300 00 

G. D. Wetherill 300 00 

S. T. Altemus 300 00 

Dr. Charles Willing 300 00 

Field & Kcelimle 300 00 

McAllister & Brother 300 00 

James Graham & Co 300 00 

Cornelius A. Walborn 300 00 

Thomas W. Price 300 00 

W. W. Knight & Son 300 00 



Geo. B. Roece, Son & Co $300 00 

Henry Stiles 300 00 

Chas. P. Relf 300 00 

Jeanes, Soattergood & Co 300 00 

B. P. Hutchinson 300 00 

Co.x, Whiteman & Cox 300 00 

H. Geiger 300 00 

Bennoville D. l5rown 300 00 

Harris, Heyl & Co 300 00 

L. A. Godey 300 00 

Wliarton Chancellor 300 00 

John F. Gilpin 300 00 

Miss Mary Gibson 300 00 

Southwick, Sheble & Co 300 00 

0. II. Ilarkness 300 00 

Fairman Rogers 300 00 

Brooks, Brother & Co 300 00 

Lawlor, Everett & llincken 300 00 

James M. Preston 300 00 

Eagle Mills 300 00 

Martin Nixon 300 00 

Joel Thomas 300 00 

Rev. Dr. Ducachet 300 00 

George Fales 300 00 

Chambers & Cattell 300 00 

Edwin Swift 300 00 

Henry Disston 300 Oo 

Farmers' Market 300 00 

R. Shoemaker & Co 300 00 

Thomas Earp 300 00 

Ilunsworth, Eakins & Naylor .. . 300 00 

Patterson, Morgan & Caskey . . . 300 00 

Henry Hehnuth 300 00 

Marshall, Griffith & Co 300 00 

Joseph Jones 300 00 

John McAllister 300 00 

Sower, Barnes & Co 300 00 

Employees of Riegel, Wiest it 

Ervin 287 50 

Employees of Wm. Sellers & Co. 269 7<> 

Charles Megarge & Co - 250 00 

Wright, Brothers & Co 250 00 

R. H. Gratz & Co 250 00 

A. T. Lane 250 00 

Rutter & Patteson 250 On 

Sharp, Haines & Co 250 00 

M. B. Mahony & Co 250 00 

\. C. Barclay 250 00 

Prichett, Baugh & Co 250 00 

Barcroft & Co 250 00 

W. F. Hansen 250 00 

Feltus & Zimmerling 250 00 



r)6 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Wm. Aslmrst $250 00 

F. A. Iloyt & Bi-otlier 250 00 

Edwin K. Myers 250 00 

James Bayard 250 00 

FroUiiugliam & Wells 250 00 

Davis & Co 250 00 

N. Middletou & Co 250 00 

E. J. Mafriiinis 250 00 

Robert Ewing 250 00 

Saimiel Castner 250 00 

Lockwood Mauutacturing Co. . . 250 00 

George Martin 250 00 

Benjaniin Sharp 250 00 

N. Ilelliiigs & Brother 250 00 

Irwiu & Stinson 250 00 

Henry Croskey & Co 250 00 

Hon. Win. Milward 250 00 

Geo. W. Childs 250 00 

Joseph Oat & Son 250 00 

A. B. Carver & Co 250 00 

M. Thomas & Son 250 00 

Jacob W. GofF 250 00 

Alfred C. Harnier 250 00 

Wolgamuth, Raleigh & Co 250 00 

W. S. Stewart & Co 250 00 

Thos. A. Biddle 250 00 

Saninel B. Thomas 250 00 

L. Johnson & Co 250 00 

Samuel F. Smith 250 00 

Morris, Patterson & Co 250 00 

Richard T. Shepherd 250 00 

Geo. L. Harrison 250 00 

H. T. Desilver 250 00 

Edwin Kirkpatrick 250 00 

Edwin M. Lewis 250 00 

Samuel Gorgas 250 00 

Robert K. Neff 250 00 

James Simpson & Neil 250 00 

C. F. & G. G. Lennig 250 00 

Garretson, Brady & Co 250 00 

J. M. Mitchell & Co 250 00 

B. D. Stewart & Son 250 00 

Henry C. Lea 250 00 

Samiiel A. Lewis 250 00 

Allen & Needles 250 00, 

Horace Binney, Jr 200 00 

Wm. F. Hughes 200 00 

Harrison, Bros. & Co 200 00 

Richard Wistar 200 00 

Hood, Bombright & Co 200 00 

J. R. & J. Price 200 00 

Chas. J. Peterson 200 00 



M. Lewis $200 00 

Hillman & Streaker 200 00 

I). C. Spooner 200 00 

Garrett & Martin 200 00 

Samuel H. Carpenter 200 00 

Vance & Landis 200 00 

S. H. Busli & Co 200 00 

E. J. Lewis 200 00 

H. Weiner 200 00 

Fred. Brown 200 00 

J. W. E verm an & Co 200 00 

Conrad & Serrill 200 00 

Jonathan Patterson 200 00 

J. B. Mitchell 200 00 

Chas. T. Yerkes 200 00 

Thomas L Potts 200 00 

James Hogg 200 00 

Hance, Griffith & Co 200 00 

W. L. SchatFer 200 00 

J. Craig Miller 200 00 

Shloss & Brother 200 00 

George Gilpin 200 00 

George A. Wood 200 00 

Samuel Norris 200 00 

Adam Everley 200 00 

John Lambert 200 00 

Wm. H. Woodward 200 00 

Lewis Thompson & Co 200 00 

Wabash Mil! 200 00 

John R. McCurdy 200 00 

Stillman & Ellis 200 00 

Strauss & Goldman 200 00 

Wm. C. Bowen 200 00 

Charles Leland 200 00 

Wm. Musser 200 00 

Wm. Mann 200 00 

Miss M. M. Barclay 200 00 

Wm. Kirkham 200 00 

Chas. Dutilli 200 00 

J. W. Rulon & Son 200 00 

Wm. S. Baird 200 00 

Hcaton and Denckla 200 00 

Boyd & Stroud 200 00 

Charles O'Neill 200 00 

Mrs. Geo. N. Baker 200 00 

Thomas Robins 200 00 

James L. Claghorn 200 00 

W. T. Lowber 200 00 

Thos. H. Megear 200 00 

G. D. Wetherill & Co 200 00 

Geo. W. Hamersley 200 00 

John R. Coxe 200 00 



TUE PHILADELPHIA BOUNTY FUND. 



67 



Dr. G. Eiiiersuii $200 00 

Adeline & Margai-etta Sagor . . . 200 00 

Muzzej & Monroe 200 00 

Jacob Rccli 200 00 

Peter Sietier 200 00 

James W. Pan! 200 00 

Lawrence Lewis, Jr 200 Oo 

Benners & Draper 200 00 

A. C. Jones 200 00 

"Witliers & Peterson 200 00 

Jacob Sliarp 200 00 

Handy ct Brenner 200 00 

Gbas. Koons 200 00 

John Horn 200 00 

F. L. Bodine 200 00 

S. & G. W. Townsend 200 00 

Davis & Wicl<ershan\ 200 00 

E. J. Etting & Brotlier 200 00 

Wm. Warner 200 00 

Henry Dnliring 200 00 

Edward S. "Willing 200 00 

Isaac Norris 200 00 

Henry C. Townsend 200 00 

Abraham Barker 200 00 

Sanuiel Barton 200 00 

Clement Biddle 200 00 

Nathan Young 200 00 

Chas. Young 200 00 

Leon Berg & Co 200 00 

John T. Taitt 200 00 

Jos. B. Bussier & Co 200 00 

C. W. Churchman 200 00 

Milne Brothers 200 00 

Ward B. Haseltine 200 00 

Henry D. Moore 200 00 

Solomon Gans 150 00 

Percival Pvoberts 1.50 00 

W. H. Ilnnter 150 00 

D. W. Denison 150 00 

Robert P. Desilver 150 00 

Employees of Industrial Works, 

2029 Callowhill street 150 00 

M. Lukens & Co 150 00 

Snowden it Brother 150 00 

Wra. McFadden & Son 150 00 

John Maxson & Son 150 00 

David Wallace 150 00 

.John Button & Sons 150 00 

Miss Rebecca Gratz 150 00 

Sheppard, Van Ilarlingen & Ar- 

rison 150 00 

Wm. A. Drown & Co 150 00 



Bockins Brothers 8^150 00 

George Watson 150 00 

George A. Coflcy 150 00 

S. M. Felton 150 00 

Employees of Asa M'hituey & 

Sons 132 00 

Wm. Allen & Sons 125 00 

Pemberton S. Ilntehinson 125 00 

Spencer II. Hazard 125 00 

Employees of Union Steam Sugar 

Refining Company 108 50 

Chas. M. Wagner 100 00 

John Long 100 00 

Geo. R. Ilarmstead 100 00 

A. L. Vansant 100 00 

Jos. Gillingliam 100 00 

0. S. .lanney & Co 100 00 

T. & F. Evans 100 00 

Chas. Penrose 100 00 

John Welsh 100 00 

Joseph Perot 100 00 

E. K. Tryon 100 00 

Daniel Dougherty 100 00 

James Hopkins 100 00 

Arthur Ritchie 100 00 

George Ilehnuth 100 00 

John E. Gould 100 00 

Samuel Bradford 100 00 

Captain R. B. Decan, of shi]) 

Westmoreland 100 00 

Horace Moses 100 00 

Jas. S. Earle & Son 100 00 

Thos. McEucn 100 00 

W. Schively 100 00 

George Mitchell 100 00 

H. Geiger & Co 100 00 

George W. Toland 100 00 

Cliarles Perot 100 00 

Saml. L. Shober 100 00 

Mrs. Saml. L. Shober 100 00 

S. D. Walton & Co 100 00 

Eyre & Landell 100 00 

Wm. K. Biay 100 00 

Jacob Fritz 100 00 

Abraham Wilt 100 00 

Thomas C. Love 100 00 

Geo. W. Reed & Co 100 00 

H. Kellogg it Sons 100 00 

Henry W. Ilensel 100 00 

S. Miiliken&Co 100 00 

1. Peterson & Co 100 00 

Dr. HenrvW. Rihl 100 00 



58 



THE TUII5UTE BOOK. 



James Lesley $100 00 

B. ILjoley & Son 100 00 

Tliaiii & McKeone 100 00 

G. M. Ilickling & Co 100 00 

Aaron A. Hurley 100 00 

Fries & Lehman 100 00 

James Traciuair 100 00 

Wm. C. Kiidman 100 00 

Dr. L. S. Filbert 100 00 

Thomas Singer 100 00 

Cramp tt Sons 100 00 

Wm. Stevenson 100 00 

Chas. Wister 100 00 

.John R. Blakiston 100 00 

N. B. Browne 100 00 

Abm. R. Perkins 100 00 

C. Prudden 100 00 

R. Nefe 100 00 

Dr. E. Murwitz 100 00 

J. S. Phillips 100 00 

Wm. Chancellor 100 00 

Geo. Dodd & Son 100 00 

James and Josejih Morgan 100 00 

W. D. Glenn 100 00 

Wm. J. Taylor 100 00 

Tyndale & Mitchell 100 00 

James W. Scott 100 00 

Jacob llentz 100 00 

J. Henry Wentz 100 00 

Dr. McClintock 100 00 

Geo. R. Smith 100 00 

Frank Ilaseltine 100 00 

James G. Smith 100 00 

Samuel T. Bodine 100 00 

Isaac Ilazlehurst 100 00 

Troutman & May 100 00 

Thos. n. Speakman 100 00 

James Reisky 100 00 

Brooke & Fuller 100 00 

Pearson Yard 100 00 

Lukens & Montgomery 100 00 

R. M. Dunlevy 100 00 

Amos Ellis 100 00 

Benj. G. Godfrey 100 00 

Wm. Y. Colladay 100 00 

J. Smith Ilarris 100 00 

Amos Briggs 100 00 

Samuel F. Fisher 100 00 

Jno. R. Worrell 100 00 

Francis Tete 100 00 

Farrel, Herring & Co 100 00 

A. Winchester 100 00 



John W. Claghorn $100 00 

J. V. Cowell 100 00 

John Castner 100 00 

Robert Churchman 100 00 

O. Gilpin 100 00 

Bowen & Fox 100 00 

Arthur G. Coffin 100 00 

L. Herbert 100 00 

L. A. Godey 100 00 

Charles Schaffer 100 00 

G. Rush Smith 100 00 

E. P. Middleton .fe Brother 100 00 

Wetherill & Brother 100 00 

John Davis 100 00 

C. H. Grant 100 00 

Wm. Gulager 100 00 

Motz & Boehm 100 00 

E. C. Pratt 100 00 

N. H. Graham 100 00 

Altemus & Cozens 100 00 

Kates & Foster 100 00 

Mrs. Sarah Benners 100 00 

Warner & Kline 100 00 

Harrold. Williams & Co 100 00 

A. Wray & Co 100 00 

N. Chauncey 100 00 

John M. Kennedy 100 00 

Henry Handy 100 00 

John McArthnr 100 00 

Mrs. David Webster 100 00 

.James Lees 100 00 

J. F. Nicholas 100 00 

Isaac Ford 100 00 

Christopher Bockius 100 00 

George Bockius 100 00 

James T. Sutton & Co 100 00 

Jabez Gates 100 00 

O. J. Wister, M. D 100 00 

Ridgeway & Rule 100 00 

Jolm Armstrong 100 00 

A. Miskey 100 00 

Samuel Harney, Jr 100 00 

Geo. C. Thomas 100 00 

G. W. Carr & Co 100 00 

Samuel Lowengrund 100 00 

Mrs. H. C. Flickwir 100 00 

Joseph B. Chandler 100 00 

Joseph W. Ryerss . 100 00 

Robert Clark 100 00 

Dr. Wm. Hehnuth . . 100 00 

Orum & Armstrong 100 00 

Wm. Henry Rawle 100 00 



THE I'lIlLADElJ-IIlA BOUNTY FUND. 



Wm. Cadwalatk-i- ^Uio (in 

II. Killioii 1(10 (111 

Cliai-les Tiillei- 100 00 

Milligan & Caniahan 100 00 

Jolin W. Thomas 100 00 

Stephen Smith & Sous 100 00 

Joseph E. (iilliiigham 100 00 

C. II. Kimkle 100 00 

Miss J. Sliaw 100 no 

James Twachlell 100 00 

John Ross 100 00 

J. Whiteside 100 00 

Dr. J. T. Sliarpless 100 00 

Edward E. Law 100 00 

Davis & Wickei-sliam 100 00 

Howell Evans 100 00 

Solomon Conrad 100 00 

J. H. Michener & Co 100 00 

W. & J. Watt 100 00 

Goldsmith Brothers 100 00 

Jenkins & Co 100 00 

Thos. R. Maris 100 00 

James B. Watson 100 00 

Thos. Disey 100 00 

James Harper 100 00 

Employees of James Harper. .. . 100 00 

Wilson Jewell 100 00 

Miers Rusch 100 On 

James Field 100 00 

Wm. Wagner 100 00 

Henry Carson 100 00 

Mrs. Mary Shields 100 00 

J. & G. A. Bender 100 00 

Sanmel Fos 100 00 

Wm. Fox 100 00 

Elias G. Cope 100 00 

Geiershofer, Loewi & Co 100 00 

John B. Stevenson 100 00 

James Somers Smith 100 00 

Daniel R. Knight 100 00 

Dr. Geo. W. Norris 100 00 

Chas. L. Desauqne 100 00 

Geo. Ilalfman 100 00 

John C. Knox 100 00 

Henry Bnmm 100 00 

Capt. Henderson 100 00 

John Pearce 100 00 

I. Binswanger 100 00 

Newlin, Zell & Alihott 100 00 

Laycoek & Holt 100 00 

James Hilton 100 00 

Francis Lasher 100 00 



Cliarles Ahhey $100 00 

W. L. Maddoek & Co 100 00 

Wm. Rotch Wister 100 00 

Humane Hose Co., No. 4 100 00 

George Gordon 100 00 

Thomas Dnnlap 100 00 

Aristides Welsli 100 00 

J. Linnard 100 00 

James Wilson 100 00 

L. Dickerman & Co 100 00 

James Dohhin 100 00 

Jaooh Haehnlen 100 00 

T. P. Stoteshury 100 00 

John J. Joyce 100 00 

W. H. Clement 100 00 

John S. Jenks 100 00 

William Randolph 100 00 

Patterson, Coane & Co 100 00 

John Vanderkemp 100 00 

Harvey Filley 100 00 

Philadelphia, Reading and Potts- 

viUe Telegraph Co 100 00 

Owen Jones 100 00 

A. Elkin 100 00 

James II. Mullen 100 00 

George Mecke 100 00 

Hugh Bridgeport 100 00 

Charles E. Lex 100 00 

Wm. E. Whitman 100 00 

Joseph Walton & Co 100 00 

Thos. F. Wharton 100 00 

Edward C. Dale 100 00 

Farr & Brother 100 00 

Allen Cnthhert 100 00 

Le Boutillier Brothers 100 00 

Penrose Fell 100 00 

Morton C. Rogers lOn 00 

Stephen Rohhins 100 00 

W. A.Ingham 100 00 

Rev. Joseph D. Newlin 100 00 

James Moore 100 00 

Webb & Garrett 100 00 

Henry Martin 100 00 

John Tucker, Jr 100 00 

Wm. E. Somers 100 00 

Charles Norris 100 00 

Michael Erickson 100 00 

Joseph Fisher KlO 00 

R. N. Lee&Co 100 00 

Johns. Littell 100 00 

Norman L. Hart & Co KiO no 

Wm. Brown lOO (in 



60 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Henry Cohen $100 00 

Wra. 0. Watson 100 00 

Hem-y C. Kellogg 100 00 

A. P. Phillips 100 00 

Robei-t Adams 100 00 

"Wolf, ilayer & Co 100 00 

Joseph Moore 100 00 

Blum, Rau & Co 100 00 

George II. Ashton 100 00 

E. & P. Coleman 100 00 

Pekin Mills 100 00 

Hughes & Muller 100 00 

Alexander Fnllerton 100 00 

Rev. Albert liarnes 100 00 

Isaac Rosenbaum 100 00 

John Fareira 100 00 

Robert Lindsay 100 00 

A. Merino 100 00 

D. Samuel & Son 100 00 

Mrs. S. Donaldson 100 00 

Mrs. Eliza F. Sparl<s 100 00 

Thomas Webster, Jr 100 00 

J. H. Curtis & Son 100 00 

J. Nicholson 100 00 

M. A. Dropsie 100 00 

R. S. M. Camden 100 00 

H. C. Oram & Co 100 00 

J. R. Eckfeldt 100 00 

Wm. E. Dubois 100 00 

C. Stoddart & Brother 100 00 

Richard S. Ashhurst, Jr 100 00 

Dr. Jolm Ashhurst 100 00 

Samuel B. Fales 100 00 

Joseph Kelly & Brother 100 00 

Jos. H. Trotter 100 00 

Geo. II. Thomson 100 00 

P. R. Freas 100 00 

Thomas A. Budd 100 00 

Wm. G. Stevenson 100 00 

Dr. M. C. Shallcross 100 00 

E. Twaddell it Sons 100 00 

Benjamin Rush 100 00 

John H. Campbell 100 00 

George W. Thorn 100 00 

Feustmann & Kaufnnuin 100 00 

H. G. Leisenriiiir 100 00 

Adolph & Keen 100 00 

Saml. Asbury <& Co 100 00 

Daul. K. Grim 100 00 

Aid. John Thomi)son 100 00 

John B. Colahan 100 00 

M. J. & C. Croll 100 00 



John Wiegand $100 00 

Rev. Dr. Dorr 100 oO 

Nathan T. Clapp 100 00 

Washington Jones 100 00 

Miss Sydney Paul 100 00 

Mrs. E. P. Wilson 100 00 

Tliomas Manderson 100 00 

Edward Perot 100 00 

F. W. Ralston 100 00 

E. B. Gardette 100 00 

Joshua Lippincott 100 00 

Jacob Goldsmith 100 00 

Charles Williams 100 00 

George K. Ziegler 100 00 

John Wister, Jr 100 00 

Hon. R. C. Gricr 100 00 

Albert C. Roberts 100 00 

John Philbin 100 00 

Besson & Son 100 00 

A. II. Franciscus 100 00 

Robert Allen 100 00 

Charles Wells 100 00 

S. Mayer & Brother 100 00 

C. B. & E. M. Smith 100 00 

Warner, Miskey & Merrill 100 00 

Employees of Naylor & Co 100 00 

Tenbrook & Brotlier 100 00 

John C. Cresson 100 00 

Charles A. Rubicam 100 00 

Jacob T. Williams 100 00 

Hon. J. I. Clark Hare 100 00 

Edward Watson & Co 100 00 

Thomas J. Miles 100 00 

Wilson C. Swann 100 00 

Henry Cramond 100 00 

Philip S. P. Connor 100 00 

Frankford Mutual Insurance Co. 100 00 

Patterson & Boulton 100 00 

Edward Shippen 100 00 

James W. Queen 100 00 

Edwin Clinton 100 00 

William Neal 100 00 

Charles M. Neal 100 00 

Charles Fuller 100 00 

Wm. Weightman 100 00 

Isaac Koons 100 00 

M. S. Bulkley 100 00 

Lewis Albertson 100 00 

Henry Tilge & Co 100 00 

Stanhope & Suplee 100 00 

Operatives of Police and Fire 

Alarm Telegraph 100 00 



THE rniLADELI'IllA BOUNTY FUND. 



61 



John W. & W. F. Siraes $100 00 

0. II. Garden & Co 

J. W. Forsyth 

Win. Morris 

Henry Bower 

TVni. Hogg, Sr 

Oliphant & Dell 

Mioliener & Morris 

J. & T. Gillespie 

II. C. Fox 

J. C. D. Christman 

Thos. R. Williams 

James Davis 

Jacob Snyder 

Henry R. Gilbert 

Samuel C. Ford 

Theodore Megargee 

Fisher & Brother 

Wni. S. Allen 

John Gamble 

H. A. Pue 



100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 



Geo. S. Lang 

Harris L. Si)roat 

Mutual Fire Insurance Comi)any 

James S. Chambers 

John Linn 

C. B. Meuch 

Daniel M. Fox 

Elijah Davis 

Thomas R. Bitting 

M. Moyer 

J. Geo. Smith 

David R. Garrison 

Mrs. Sarah A. Brown 

Catherwood & Winebrener .... 

Reeve & Knight 

J. & A. Kemper 

Field & Hardie 

All other sums, those given anon- 
ymously, and those under one 
hundred dollars 



$100 00 
100 00 
loo 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 

loo 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 



31,610 07 



Total $487,233 43 

The following is a statement of the receipts and expenditures, as rendei-ed 
by the trustees of the fund : 



liECEITTS. 

Subscriptions to the Bounty and Defence Fund $487,233 43 

Interest on a portion temporarily invested 4,910 09 

Total $492,143 52 

1863. EXPEN'DITI'RES FI'.OM THE BOUNTY FUND. 

Bounties to Pennsylvania Volunteers $172,573 03 

Bounties to United States Regulars and Marines 6,350 00 

Premiums and remunerations to ca])tains to promote 

recruiting 57,004 00 

Expenses of ward meetings to encourage recruiting. . . 796 44 

Expenses of fittmg up temporary barracks 212 (0 

Expenses of recruiting camps and offices, bands of 

music, flags. &c 4,453 63 

Travelling expenses of committee 393 20 

Expenses of advertising 4,064 07 

Expenses of printing— posters, blanks, stationery, 

books, &c 1,-122 61 

Expenses of telegraphing 54 14 

Salaries of clerks and messengers 1,147 42 

$248,470 '24 



62 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



EXPENDITURES FROM THE DEFENCE FUND. 

Allowance made to volunteers called out by the procla- 
mation of the governor for the defence of the state. $28,110 00 

Allowance made to United St.ates seamen sent from 
the Navy Yard to the frontier with naval batteries, 
at the request of the governor 5(11 25 

Paid for carbines for Captain E. Spencer Miller's Artil- 
lery Company (to be returned to the committee 
should this company disband) 1,600 00 



EXPENDITURES FROM THE DEFENCE FUND. 

Cost of revolvers furnished to Capt. Isaac Starr's (.Jr.) 

company of artillery $1,515 G,S 

Expenses of furnishing horses to the Dana Troop for 

service during the summer of 1803 3,fi2-t 15 

Expenses of reboring two batteries of cannon from 

rifled to smooth-bore, in the summer of 1803 175 85 

Advance to the First Troop, Philadelphia City Cavalry 
on their claim on the government for their exjienses 
when in service in the summer of 1863 4,064 10 

Ammunition furnished to the Il.amilton Rifle Corps for 

.services during the summer of 1803 199 50 

Appropriation to the First Regiment Reserve Brigade 
(Gray Reserves), to aid in establishing a fund for 

their permanent support as a regiment 11,000 00 

1864. 

Paid Captain E. Spencer Miller, to aid in eipiipping 
and maintaining the howitzer Iiattery nnder his 
command 1,009 00 

Paid the Second Regiment Reserve Brigade (Blue Re- 
serves), to aid in furnishing new uniforms 1,209 00 

Stamps 38 



$492,143 52 



$30,271 25 



1863. EXPENDITfRES FROM THE BOUNTY FUND. 

Bounties and premiums to Pennsylvania volunteers and 

militia $153,485 00 

Bounties to United States Regulars 200 00 

Contributions and premiums to companies and captains 

to promote recruiting 4,210 00 

Distribution to the Ward Bounty Committees, to aid in 

avoiding the draft 15,015 00 

Allowance to regiments and to recruiting officers for 

organizing and other extra expenses 1,335 03 

Travelling expenses of committee 154 70 

Expenses of stationery, blanks, postages, and stamps. . 99 25 

Expenses of advertising 1,424 73 

Salaries of paymaster and clerks 1,720 23 



177,650 54 



23. 697 07 



THE CAMDlilDGE LIFE LNSUKANl'E EUND. 



Bounties iiml pivmiuiiis to I'oniisylvauia vnhiutucrs juul 

militia $1,732 50 

Expenses of lulvertising, &c 213 03 



63 

|4il2,143 52 



On deposit us t'ollows : 

In tlie Fnrniers and Mechanics' Rani;, at tlie credit of 
the disbursing agents, reserved to meet outstanding 
bounty certificates and other dues to volunteers . . . $7,930 12 

In the Farmers and Mechanics' Bank, at the credit of 
the treasurer, reserved to meet outstanding dues to 
the militia and expenses 2,178 17 



$1,945 53 



10,108 29 



Total $492,143 52 $492,143 52 

This is a noble record ; but we can add to its proportions by stating that 
the coal dealers contributed to a fund of their own, which reached $50,000 ; 
that the members of the Corn Exchange gave bounties of twenty-five dollars 
per man to a regiment of one thousand ; and that an association of Market 
street merchants paid similar bounties to the Merchants' Kegiment; and even 
this would not exhaust the catalogue of Quaker belligerence, as seen in its 
pecuniary expression. 

To stimulate recruiting by offering bounties to volunteers is one way of 
serving one's country ; to effect the same object by insuring their lives is 
another. Tliis was done in many places, and as an example we take tlie case 
of Cambridge, Massachusetts. The idea was proposed in July, 1862, and by 
the middle of August $25,000 were obtained, and this sum was still further 
increased, as the following table shows : 



Charles Beck $2,000 

William F. Stearns 2,0UO 

Luke Carter 1,000 

George Livermore 1,000 

J. P. Melledge 1,000 

J. Warren Merrill 1,000 

Ricliardson, Deane & Co 1,000 

J. M. S. Williams 1,000 

Ricliard M. Hodges 600 

Tliomas G. Appl.ton 500 

Thomas Dana 500 

David Ilumphrey 500 

Henry W. Longfellow 500 

William Read 500 

Alanson ISigelow 3no 

Samuel Batchelder 300 

Charles Cushman 300 



Curtis Davis $300 

Eben M. Duidiar 300 

John C. Dodge 300 

Henry 0. Houghton 300 

Lewis Hall 300 

Charles L. Jones 300 

Lucius A. Jones 300 

Charles C. Little 300 

Nathaniel G. Manson 300 

Charles E. Norton 300 

C. 11. P. Plympton 300 

Samuel B. Rindge 300 

S. S. Sleeper 300 

Arthur Wilkinson 300 

P. Francis Wells 300 

Willard Phillips 250 

(ieorge L. Wanl 250 



64 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Jared Sparks S250 Chas. Theo. Russell |100 



Geoi-ge W. Abbott 

Mrs. E. H. Blatchford. 
Charles F. Choate . . . . 

Charles "\y. Eliot 

David B. Flint 

Rob. O. Fuller 

Gardiner G. Ilubbard . 

Estes Howe 

J. Russell Lowell 

Samuel F. Nay 

Louis Agassiz 

Stephen G. Davis 

Henry R. Glover 

Edward AY. Kinsley. . . 

George Meacham 

Theo. Parsons 

Robert B. Storer 

Emery AVashburn 

James S. Whitney . . . . 

Warren Bacon 

George W. Colhurn . . . 

Levi Conant 

Charles H. Cumraings , 
Charles Davenport. . . . 
Alexander Dickinson . , 

Ezra C. Dyer 

George L. Foote 

Charles C. Foster .... 

John C. Gray 

Joseph Goodnow 

H. R. Harding 

A. E. Hildreth 

Edward Hixon 

Avery F. Howe 

Edward Hyde 

George Lucy 

J. N. Merriam 

Mrs. A. L. Mering . . . 

Joel Parker 

O. Pickering 

Geo. C. Piper 

Henry 0. Rand 

Z. L. Raymond 



200 

200 

200 

200 

200 

200 

200 

200 

200 

200 

150 

150 

150 

150 

150 

1.50 

150 

150 

150 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 



Solomon Sargent . . . . 
Benjamin G. Smith , . 

Eben Snow 

Henry Thayer it Co . . 

J. A. Wellington 

J. C. Wellington ... . 

E. P. Whitman 

Wni. L. AVhitney . . . . 
Joseph E. Worcester . 

Frederick Gould 

Augustus Russ 

Allen & Endicott . . . . 

Ricliard F. Bond 

A. Z. Brown 

Daniel S. Brown 

Wm. P. Butterfield . . 

F. L. Chapnum 

Hosea Clark 

Edward R. Cogswell , 
Richard H. Dana, Jr. 

Eliphalet Davis 

Charles Eaton 

S. T. Farwell 

P. F. Folsora 

A. T. Frothingham . 
Miss Mary Harris . . . 

H. N. Hovey 

J. S. March 

Arthur Merrill 

Lucius R. Page 

J. Stacy Read 

Edward Richard.son. 
Wm. T. Richardson . 
Nathaniel D. Sawin. 
Wm. V. Spencer .... 

D. H. Thurston 

J. H. Tyler 

Moses Warren 

O. W. W.atris 

John Conlan 

Converse Francis . . . 

J. H. Sparrow 

Abel Willard 



100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

75 

75 

■ 50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

60 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

50 

25 

25 

25 

25 



Total $27,650 



Of this amount, the sum of $10,000 was appropriated to the procuring of 
one hundred and seven policies, and a committee was appointed to consider 
what disposition should be made of the remainder. The decision made was 



SERVICE WITHOUT COMPENSATION. 65 

that this balance should be loaned to the City of Cambridge at six per cent, 
interest, and that the interest should be used in assisting desei-ving persons. 
It was also determined tliat, at tlie end of the war, the whole fund should be 
devoted to the jjurchase of life annuities, or other permanent provision, for 
sick and disabled soldiers, or for the widow, child or children, or parent, who 
may have been left destitute by the death of the husband, liither, or son, 
deceased in the sei-vice of the United States. 

During the first year after the payment of the premium upon the one 
hundred and seven policies, twelve soldiei-s died, and $6,000 were conse- 
quently paid in by the insurance company to the trustees of the fund, and 
were distributed by them among the twelve bereaved families. Several 
soldiers having been discharged or disabled, the trustees made them jDresents 
of their policies, the returned men to pay the succeeding premiums. 

On the 1st of July, 1862, Mr. Wm. II. Aspinwall sent to the War Depart- 
ment a check for $25,290.60, being the amount of his commissions upon 
certain purchases abroad of Enfield rifles, made through the house of Howland 
k Asi^inwall. He was glad, he added, to be able to serve the government 
in its hour of trial, witliout compensation. The Secretary of War ordered the 
thanks of the department to be tendered to Mr. Aspinwall for this manifesta- 
tion of a disinterested and patriotic spirit. 

On the invasion of the State of Pennsylvania, in the summer of 1863, the 
Union League of Philadelphia resolved to abandon a celebration of the 4th of 
July, for which they had long been preparing, and, with the concurrence of 
the subscribers, to use the money contriljuted for that purpose, together with 
such other funds as could be obtained, in assisting the government to repel 
the enemy. Eighty thousand dollars were collected in less than a week, and 
three regiments of three months' men were organized, equipped, and sent 
forward before their services were needed. The " Dana Troop" were assisted 
in their preparations, and 'their departure was thus greatly hastened. On the 
return of the three regiments, the League determined to send one regiment, 
if possible, to serve for three years or the war. They were successful in this, 
and the regiment — the One Hundred and Eighty-third Pennsylvania — left for 
the field in the early part of the winter. During the year 1861, two full 
regiments were recruited and sent to the front, one — the One Hundred and 
Ninty-sixth Pennsylvania — for one hundred days, the other — the One Hun- 
dred and Ninty-eighth — for one year, besides a battalion of four companies, 
for the same term, attached to the latter. Thus, in eighteen months, six 
regiments and a battalion of thoroughly equipped men were added to the 



66 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

armies by the exertions of the League, and at their expense, the total outlay 
being somewhat over $100,000. Not content with this, the Military Com- 
mittee did what was possible, from time to time, to fdl up the ranks of the 
wasted battalions. 

On the 12th of February, 1864:, General Ilancock wrote the following letter 
to a number of gentlemen in New York : 

"Headquarters Eecrtxiting Service, 
Second Army Corps, February 12th, 1804. 

'■'■Messrs. Genrge Ccibot Ward, Stephen Hyatt, ParTcer Handy, Theodore 
Roosevelt, Daniel Devlin, George Bliss, Jr. : 
" Gentlemen, 

" You will greatly oblige me, if, in connection with any other gentlemen 
whom you may associate with yourselves, you will undertake to raise and 
disburse the funds needed to promote recruiting for the New York regiments 
of the Second Anny Corps. 

" The existing bounties are quite large enough, but there are many other 
ways in which money can be used to promote volunteering with great advan- 
tage. I am, gentlemen, your obedient servant, 

"Winfield S. Hancock, 

'' Major- General U.S. Vols." 

The gentlemen thus addressed, and sixteen others who were added to the 
committee, appealed to the citizens of New York for subscriptions to carry 
out the object thus indicated, the New York regiments in the Second Corps 
being thirteen in number. 

The sum of forty thousand dollars was obtained, and, as long as the city 
paid a bounty for men, the committee procured a large number of recruits ; 
when the supervisors stopped the bounty and volunteering ceased, certain 
measures adopted by the committee gave it a renewed impetus. The number 
of men enlisted for the Second Army Corps, through these eflforts, appears in 
the following figures : 

Volunteers for the Second Army Corps .... 2,535 

Substitutes assigned to the Second Army Corps . . 31-3 

" who preferred u n _ 243 



3,091 



besides some seventy men sent to other commands. 



REPEESENTA'rn']<: RECRUITS. 67 

We have said, more tlian once, that our plan did not embrace either appro- 
priations or loans ; but we might have made a reservation in regard to loans 
made, in a patriotic spirit, upon bad or insufficient security. The following 
instance is a type of investments of this nature. The mayor of Jersey City 
called upon Mr. John Anderson, of New York, and laid the case of his con- 
stituents before him. A draft was progressing, he said, in Jersey City ; men 
were plenty, but the city was unable to pay the necessary bounties, and, under 
these circumstances, no one would enlist; and the city's credit was, at this 
period, to say the least of it, poor, and money could not be obtained, without 
great sacrifice, by a sale of its bonds. Would Mr. Anderson lend Jersey City 
$60,000, and take the chance of repayment? This was an unexpected pro- 
posal, and Mr. Anderson requested time to consider it, say till the next day, 
at ten in the morning. At the appointed hour, the Jersey functionary reap- 
peared before Mr. Anderson, and received from him the assurance that if 
$60,000, loaned on security that capitalists considered inadequate, would 
save Jersey City from the draft, and place a certain number of able-bodied 
men in the army, Jersey City should be spared and the ranks recruited. 
We have ventured to include this act in oiir record of private munificence, 
and we doubt not that moneyed men at least will l)ear us out, even though 
interest may have been punctually paid, and though the ]H-incipal may, in 
course of time, be duly redeemed. 

We defer mention of the funds raised for the recruiting of colored regi- 
ments to a later jjortion of this book ; the event itself happened only in the 
fulness of time, and it is but proper to delay the chronicle thereof till the 
fitting hour and season. 

One method — and a peculiarly American one — of increasing the efficiency 
of the army, remains to be noticed. When the draft was resorted to as a 
means of filling the ranks, the exemption of a large portion of the connnunity. 
by reason of age, sex, or infirmity, was a necessary consequence. And yet 
those exempted were no less interested in the result than those upon whom 
the lot fell ; a man who had spent fifty j'ears in the accumulation of property 
was not indifferent to the fiite of the country because of his whitening hairs ; a 
man might in some way be curtailed of his fair proportions, without, for that, 
feeling that he had less at stake than his neighbor; and a woman might desire 
to have a champion to represent her, personally, in a fight in which she could 
not herself engage. Hence arose a class of substitutes called "repre.sentative 
recruits :"' men voluntarily sent, and their bounty j)aid, by persons upon whom 
the provost-marshal had no claim. Every man thus scciircd was a clear gain to 



68 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

the army ; he was in no sense what is understood by the term substitute, but, 
literally, an addition to the arms-bearing population. The effect was precisely 
as if the man of sixty, quaffing a draught from the fountain of youth, regained 
his vigor and shouldered his musket ; as if the hunchback found a knapsack 
where his hump had been, and hastened with his lighter burden to the front ; 
as if those of our mothers, sisters, and wives, who sent their representatives, 
had been erroneously registered in the census, and had really been entitled to 
entry in the unprepossessing column. Many thousands of recruits of this kind 
were sent to the armies in 1863-64 ; it is impossible to fix upon the number 
with precision. It can only be said that many who could not fight in person, 
fought by proxy ; and of exempts, who had the means to send a represen- 
tative, and yet failed to do so, it must be said, that upon them, as a class, has 
fallen the largest share of the voluntary burdens of the war. Many a man has 
sent no representative recruit, who, if his signatures and subscriptions from 
the beginning be counted, will be found to have given enough to purchase a 
dozen such. 

We have thus touched, in a discursive way, upon the principal methods 
and devices to which private bounty has resorted to fill and replenish the 
army. Compelled to compress the matter of a volume into a score of pages, 
we have treated the sulyject by examples, and have sought to make one inci- 
dent stand for tliousands, and one generous act the spokesman for its countless 
fellows. At any rate, the army is in the field, and during four trying though 
not exhausting years, its numbers have been kept full. But was this army 
sprung from the loins of tlie people, forgotten or neglected by those who stayed 
at home? "Was it left to grapple, unassisted, not only with the enemy, but 
with disease and inexperience, those scourges of the camp and hospital ? Were 
its wounded left to official care and to the routine of tiie medical bureau? 
Were its spiritual interests abandoned to those to whom army regulations com- 
mitted them — to one man in a thousand ? Was the cold shoulder turned to 
the disabled soldier? Were the widow and orphan left to beg? Was the 
republic ungrateful, and did it disown its great men whom time brought to 
the surface, and whom their own achievements kept there? And if charity 
shall be naturally found to have begun at home, shall we find that it ended 
there? Were the unhappy victims upon the border left to perish in utter 
misery ? Were the men, women, and children in foreign lands, thrown out 
of work by our terrible struggle, and still desiring no disgraceful compromise, 
abandoned to their fate ? And if these and other self imposed duties shall 
prove to have been worthily discharged, did all other charities languish, and 



THE ]'EOPLE AND THE AllMY. 69 

were other works of philanthropy suspended ? The reader's answer springs 
to his lips. No one in this couutr}-, and few in Europe, need to be told how 
the army has been sustained, not only by the prayers and faith, but by the; 
labors and sacrifices, of the American people ; but it is worth while to consider 
the modes and processes through which the people rose to a sense of the duty 
which they were called upon to assume. The tender solicitude of the people 
for its army ; its anxiety to make it efficient to serve the land of its birth, and 
worthy to aspire to the better land hereafter ; the building of hospitals and 
soldiers' homes ; the founding of asylums ; the sending of food across the 
mountains and over the sea, to friends and even to foes ; the argument which 
convinced the country that these things were to be done, and liberally done ; 
tlie devices by which the spirit of well-doing was revived, if it ever faltered ; 
the ingenuity by which communities were made to labor together as one man 
and for one object — these, and the many other benevolent schemes to which 
the rebellion has given l)irth, form the theme and matter of these pages. 




CHAPTER III. 

THE EARLIER AID SOCIETIES. 




SIX AND EIGHTY-SIX KNITTING FOR TUB SOLDIERS. 



If the men of America sprang to aims with alacrity, the women of the 
country applied themselves to those labors for which their strength fitted 
them with enthusiasm. Lint had been scraped and bandages rolled before 
blood was shed at Baltimore. Without knowledge of their own, and for a 
long time without guidance, they worked with zeal, though it was often, of 
necessity, aimless and unreflecting. Organization was for the first few weeks 
hardly thought of, and concert of action only came with the certainty that, 
without it, all effort to assist the government, in this direction, must fail. 
Societies were formed here and there in New England, Ohio, and New York, 
and as these may be said to have led to the establishment of the great philan- 
thropic enterprises of which the country is now so justly proud, a few words 
upon each of them, in the order of their foundation, may not be out of place. 

The ladies of Bridgeport, Connecticut, met on the 15th of April, the day 
on which the President's call for troops appeared, and they commenced their 
labors that afternoon. The future treasurer of the Bunker Hill Aid Society 
of Charlestown, Massachusetts, conceived the idea of such an association on 
the same day, though the roll was not signed by the co-operating ladies 



AID FPvOM LOWELL. 71 

until the 19th. On the 20th a meeting was called by the mayor of Lowell, 
" for the purpose of initiating measures for the comfort, encouragement, and 
relief of citizen soldiers." Judge Crosby, one of the twenty gentlemen who 
attended the meeting,* appears to have been the first to propose and lay down 
certain definite objects to be attained by concerted action. He presented 
the following memoranda of the methods by which assistance could be i-en- 
dered : 

" 1. By gathering such funds and supplies as may be necessary. 

"2. By supplying nurses for the sick or wounded when and as far as 
practicable. 

" 3. By bringing home such sick and wounded as may be proper. 

"4. By purchasing clothing, provisions, and matters of comfort which 
rations and camp allowances may not provide, and which would contribute to 
the soldier's happiness. 

" 5. By placing in camp such bibles, books, and papers as would instruct 
and amuse their days of rest and quiet, and keep them informed of passing 
events. 

" 6. By gathering the dates and making a record of the names and history 
of each soldier and his services. 

" 7. By holding constant communication with paymasters or other officers 
of our regiments, that friends may interchange letters and packages." 

The Soldiers' Aid Association of Lowell was founded upon this basis, 
Judge Crosby being elected president, Mr. S. W. Stickney, treasurer, and Mr. 
M. C. Bryant, secretary, and it at once entered upon a career of usefulness 
and prosperity. 

The Soldiers' Aid Society of Cleveland was organized upon the same 20th 
of April, and its first act was to raise a fund for the temjjorary support of the 
families of three months' men. It has since become one of the most impor- 
tant of the auxiliaries of the Sanitary Commission. 

With these exceptions, the sympathies of the country, the industry of 
twenty millions of people, longing to be usefully employed, were totally 
without organization. While, in the military department, inexperienced as 



* Nathan Crosby, Tappan Wentworth, L. B. Morse, 

J. G. Abbott, Sewei.i. G. Mack, James (i. Garnet, 

Elisha Huntington, James C. Ayer, Linis Guilds, 

T. 11. Sweetzer, Frederick Hinkley, Wm. G. Wise, 

Wm, a. Burke, S. VV. Stickney, A. L. Brooks, 

J. T. McDermott, JonN A. Goodwin, C. L. Knapp. 

Wm. S. SouxnwoRTn, M. C. Bryant, 



72 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

all takiog service were, there was a certain degree of order, while each embryo 
company had its captain, and each regiment on paper its colonel and quarter- 
master, those whose capacities and tastes threw them into the battalions of 
relief were without head, without system ; there was no method, no economy, 
no co-operation. There were thimble societies, picket societies, circles, asso- 
ciations; and all were in want of information and guidance. The churches, 
parlors, schools, and even the nurseries, were alive with industrious and 
zealous labor ; but zeal and industry were alike thrown away for want o;' 
discipline and direction. Should this state of things continue, the cause 
which all had so much at heart must be seriously imperilled. It was clear 
that the benevolence of the women of the countiy must be turned into one 
general current, and be made to flow regularly in one channel. Most fortu- 
nately, providentially, the first plan suggested succeeded. An informal 
meeting of ladies of New York was held on April 25th, at the Infirmary for 
Women ; an appeal to the women of New York was drawn up and signed, 
and was published in the papers of Monday, the 29th. 

After stating the importance of concentration and system, and disclaiming 
for all existing circles and societies any desire to lead or claim precedence 
over others, the ladies whose names were appended to this paper proposed 
that the women of New York should meet at Cooper Institute, to confer 
together and to appoint a general committee, with power to organize the 
benevolent purposes of all in a common movement. To effect this it seemed 
necessary to keep two objects especially in view : first, the contribution of 
skill, labor, and money, in the preparation of lint, bandages, and stores ; and 
second, the offer of personal service as nurses. In regard to the first, it would 
be important to obtain and disseminate exact official information as to the 
wants of the army, through a committee having this department in hand, which, 
by letter and through the press, should put itself in communication with 
similar associations throughout the country. And in regard to the second 
point, experience having shown the inefficiency of all but picked and skilled 
women upon the field or in the hospital, the zeal of ninety-nine one-hundredths 
of the women of the land should be concentrated upon finding, equipping, 
and sending forward the other hundredth, of suitable age, condition, tempera- 
ment and training. 

The meeting took place, the large hall being completely filled -with the 
wives, mothers, and daughters of New York, a large body of clergymen, 
physicians, lawyers, and philanthropists occupying the platform. Mr. David 
Dudley Field was called to the chair, and set forth the object of the meeting. 



THE WOMEN'S CENTRAL ASSOCIATION OF RELIEF. 73 

The Eev. Dr. Bellows spoke of the importance of female action in such a 
crisis as the present, reminding his hearers how the mothers and sisters of 
the first ■ American Revolution had imparted courage to the fathers and 
brothers who had gone forth to battle ; and it was no evil omen to find an 
earnest of the same moral aid being extended to their descendants. Dr. 
Wood, on behalf of the medical gentlemen of Bellevue Hospital, said that 
they were ready to render assistance, either by advice or by the training of 
nui'ses at their establishment ; they would take at least fifty, and support and 
qualify them. Dr. Mott remarked that the lint which had been already pre- 
pared could hardly be consumed in a seven years' war, and deprecated a 
continuance of such unprofitable labor. After several addresses, all practical 
and to the point, the committee appointed to prepare a plan of operations 
reported certain " Articles of Organization," of which the following is an 
abstract : 

I. The women of New York hereby associate themselves as a Committee 
of the Whole, to furnish comforts, stores and nurses, in aid of the medical 
staff'. 

II. To give the advantages of organization to the scattered efforts of the 
women of the country, they resolve themselves into a Women's Central Asso- 
ciation of Relief 

TIL Its objects shall be to collect and disseminate information upon thi' 
actual and prospective wants of the army ; to establish recognized relations 
with the medical staff, and to act as an auxiliary to it; to establish and 
sustain a central depot of stores; to solicit and accept the aid of all local 
associations which may choose to act through this society ; and to open a 
bureau for the examination and registration of nurses. 

« •>:• * -X- * * * 

VI. The Financial Committee shall solicit, guard, and disburse the funds of 
the association. The treasurer shall acknowledge all contributions of moneys 
or stores in the public papers. Subscriptions shall be solicited through the 
press. The operations of the association shall proceed upon a scale commen- 
surate with the funds received, and donations are hereby requested. 

VII. The Executive Committee shall establish direct relations with the 
central medical authorities ; shall obtain and diffuse information for the gui- 
dance of affiliated associations ; shall keep the women of the country atlvised 
of the best direction their industry can take ; shall superintend the reception 
and transfer of stores ; and shall devise ways and means of increasing the 
usefulness of the association. 



74 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

VIII. The Eegistration Committee shall have charge of the bureau for 
examining and registering those oflfering themselves as nurses, in rooms soon 
to be opened in a convenient quarter of the city. 

IX. The Board of Management shall consist of twelve ladies and twelve 
gentlemen ; it shall appoint the officers of the association ; it shall meet 
weekly, during the war, five constituting a quorum ; and it shall consist of 
the following persons : 

Mrs. Hamilton Fish, Dr. Valentine Mott, 

" II. Baylis, John D. Wolfe, 

" II. D. Sweet, Hector Morrison, 

" Chas. Abernethy. Frederick L. Olmsted, 

Miss E. Blackwell, Geo. F. Allen, 

Mrs. Cyrus W. Field, Dr. Elisha Harris, 

" G. L. Schuyler, " Markoe, 

" d'Oremieulx, " Draper, 

" Dr. Ed. Bayard, Kev. Dr. Hague, 
" Christine Griffin. " Bellows, 

" V. Botta, " A. D. Smith, 

" C. M. Kirkland, Rev. Morgan Dix. 

The Board of Management, the composition of which, however, was soon 
afler modified by resignations and new appointments, met immediately, and 
completed the organization of the association by the choice of the following 
officers and committees : 

Pre.side7it, 

Valentine Mott, M. D. 

Yice-Pixsideii t, 

Henry W. Bellows, D. D. 

Secretary, 
George F. Allen. 

Treasurer, 
Howard Potter. 

Executive Committee. 
H. W. Bellows, D. D., Chairman, Valentine Mott, M. D., 

Frederick L. Olmsted, T. d'Oremieulx, 

Miss Ellen Collins, W. H. Draper, M. D., 

Mrs. G. L. Schuyler, G. F. Allen. 



THE WOMEN'S CENTRAL ASSOCIATION OF RELIEF. 75 

Eegistration Committee. 

Miss E. Blackwell, M. D., Chairman, Mrs. W. P. Griffin, Secretary, 

" H. Baylis, " J. A. Swett, 

" V. Botta, " C. Abernethy, 

Win. A. Muhlenberg, D. D., E. Ilarris, M. D. 

Finance Committee. 
Howard Potter, Mi's. Hamilton Fish, Chairman, 

John D. Wolfe, " C. M. Kirkland, 

William Hague, D. D., " C. W. Field, 

T. M. Markoe, M. D., Asa D. Smith, D. D. 

The reader will hardly fail to see that this society, in its objects, organiza- 
tion and plan, contained the germ of what was aftei-wards the United States 
Sanitary Commission. The one grew logically out of the other. 

For a time, however, the Relief Association proceeded alone, its members 
working with earnestness and faith. A most arduous labor — one of which 
the public has little idea — was performed by the Committee on Registrations. 
Women had never been employed as nurses in the army, soldiers drafted from 
the ranks for that purpose having previously discharged the duty. The govern- 
ment, therefore, had made no preparation for lodging, paying, or even recog- 
nizing women as nurses. It became necessary to commence afresh, and in this 
work the committee met with unlooked for diflfieulties and discouragements. 
The medical education of the chairman. Miss Blackwell, however, and the 
energy of the associate members, enabled them to overcome the one and 
speedily recover from the other. Ninety-one nurses were prepared and sent 
forward during the first year, the association paying for the outfit and journey 
of all, and even the salaries of those first dispatched; the government, how- 
ever, afterwards assumed the payment of salaries. The Finance Committee 
collected during the year nearly $10,000, by far the larger part in New York. 
To the labors of the chairman, Mrs. Hamilton Fish, more than half of this sum 
was due. Two hundred and forty thousand articles were received and dis- 
tributed ; the estimated value of them was not far from $140,000. 

The Executive Committee transferred its duties at an early date to a sub- 
committee on supplies, of which Miss Ellen Collins was, and still is, chairman. 
The work of sorting, packing, and marking goods was done entirely by ladies, 
the best of volunteer aids. " We have met with no rebuffs," writes Miss 
Collins in her first report, "and our appeals have been answered with ready 



76 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



and willing hands and hearts. Throughout the heats of summer and storms 
of winter, the little sewing circle of twelve or fifteen members have kept up 
their weekly meetings. Only those who have seen our letters, all breathing 
the same spirit of love and patriotism, from the little villages and homes 
hundreds of miles away, can appreciate the sacrifices and the noble sjoirit of 
these true-hearted, loyal women." 

"We need not pursue the history of the Women's Central Association of 
Relief beyond the first year, absorbed, as it was, at so early a date, in the 
Sanitary Commission. The ladies connected with it have the gratification and 
the pride of knowing that their names are linked, henceforth and forever, with 
one of the noblest enterprises of modern philanthropy. It was, doubtless, far 
from their thoughts, when they invited their fellow-countrywomen to meet them 
in conference, that they were laying the foundations of an edifice that should 
endure longer than buildings made with hands ; that none would be able to 
read of the American rebellion without reading of them and their works ; nor 
could they have imagined that the plan upon which they then proposed to 
act, and the idea which they proposed to carry out, were destined to do such 
honor to themselves and their country, to extort the admiration of the foe and 
the approval of mankind. 











CHAPTER IV. 



■^w 1" fiHriflnjPii M,'*, 







ft f ^^. ^^ 




\ 



E have seen iu what desultory manner the effort on the 
part of the jjeople to aid the government in the matter 
of supplies, hospital clothing, and of medical stores, 
commenced. Scores of aid societies were in existence 
_.|§-Vj. by the middle of May. Thousands of hands were 
already busy in sewing, knitting, cutting, mending, and 
thousands more were ready to help, if once assured that their labor could be 
rightly directed. It was well known that bandages were to be cut and rolled, 
shirts made, stockings knit, medicines, wines, jellies prepared ; but how these 
were to be distributed, what quantities of each would be required, were 
matters of which all were ignorant. Still, seventy-five thousand men had 
been called from their homes, to meet disease and deatb upon the field and in 



78 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

the camp ; it was possible that hundreds of thousands more might still be 
called upon ; and the medical staff of the army, as it existed at this time, was 
notoriously unable to grapple with the tremendous difficulties which lay before 
it. It was plain that the first duty of those who, unable to aid the government 
by shouldering a musket, still wished to serve their country according to their 
strength, was to come to an understanding with the central authorities as to 
what they could do and would do, and what they could not do and yet waiited 
done. 

Delegates from the Women's Central Association of Relief, from the " New 
York Medical Association for Furnishing Hospital Supplies in Aid of the 
Army," and from the " Advisory Committee of the Board of Physicians and 
Surgeons of the Hospitals of New York," visited Washington towards the 
middle of May, and on the 18th of the month addressed a communication to 
the Secretary of War upon the subject of special measures of prevention of 
disease in the now rapidly gathering army, and of the utilization of voluntary 
contributions from the people. In this communication were the following 
passages : 

"The present is essentially a people's war. The hearts and minds, the 
bodies and souls, of the whole people and of both sexes, throughout the loyal 
states, are in it. 

'"Convinced, by inquiries made here, of the practical difficulty of reconci- 
ling the claims of their own and numerous similar associations in other cities 
with the regular workings of the Commissariat and the Medical Bureau, the 
undersigned rcs^jectfuUy ask that a mixed commission of civilians, distin- 
guished for their philanthropic experience and acquaintance with sanitary 
matters, of medical men and of military officers, be appointed by the govern- 
ment, who shall be charged with the duty of investigating the best means of 
methodizing and reducing to practical service the already active but undirected 
benevolence of the people towards the army ; who shall consider the general 
subject of the prevention of sickness and suffering among the troops ; and 
suggest the wisest methods which the people at large can use to manifest their 
good will towards the comfort, security, and health of the army. 

" It must be well known to the Department of War that several such 
commissions followed the Crimean and Indian wars. The civilization and 
humanity of the age and of the American people demand that such a com- 
mission should precede our second war of independence — more sacred than 
the first. We wish to prevent the evils which England and France could 
only investigate and deplore." 



THE SANITARY COMMISSION. 79 

Four days after the date of this document, the Acting Surgeon-General of 
the Army, after stating, in a note to tlie Secretary of War, that the pressure 
upon his bureau had been unexpectedly severe, and that the means at his 
disposal, though effectively used, had proved insufficient, added: "The Medi- 
cal Bureau would, in my judgment, derive important and useful aid from the 
counsels and well-directed efforts of an intelligent and scientific commission, 
to be styled ' A Commission of Inquiry and Advice in respect to the Sanitary 
Interests of the United States Forces,' and acting in co-operation with this 
bureau, with reference to the diet and hygiene of troops and the organization 
of military hospitals." 

The next day the committee of delegates laid a statement in outline of the 
plan and powers they desired to recommend before the Secretary of War, 
suggesting that the commission would ask for no legal authority, but only the 
official sanction and moral countenance of tlic government, wliich would be 
secured by its public appointment ; it desired only a recommendatory order, 
addressed in its favor to all officers of the government, to further its inquiries, 
and the permission to correspond and confer, on a confidential footing, with 
the Medical Bureau and the War Department upon all topics connected with 
their duties. The paper went on to say : 

"The commission would inquire with scientific thoroughness into the 
subjects of diet, cooking, cooks, clothing, tents, camping grounds, transports, 
transitory depots, with their exposures, camp police, with reference to settling 
the question how far the regulations of the army proper are or can be practi- 
cally carried out among the volunteer regiments, and what changes or modifi- 
cations are desirable from their peculiar character and circumstances. Every 
thing appertaining to outfit, cleanliness, precautions against damp, cold, heat, 
malaria, infection; crude, unvaried, or ill-cooked food, and an irregular or 
careless regimental commissariat, would fall under this head. 

" The commission would inquire into the organization of military hospitals, 
general and regimental ; the precise regulations and routine through which the 
services of the patriotic women of the country could be made available as 
nurses; the nature and sufficiency of hospital supplies; the question of 
ambulances and field services, and of extra medical aid ; and whatever else 
relates to the care, relief, and cure of the sick and wounded." 

These printed statements, addressed to the War Department preliminary to 
the institution of the Sanitary Commission, bore the signatures of Henry 
W. Bellows, D. D. ; W. H. Van Buren, M. D. ; J. Harsen, M. D. ; and Elisha 
Harris, M. D., delegates from the three above mentioned New York societies. 



80 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

There seems to be no I'eason to doubt that the President and Secretary of 
War both looked upon this scheme as visionary and sentimental ; as an idea 
originating with well meaning, benevolent people, but one that would bear no 
fruit when confronted with the terrible realities of the field and hospital. The 
earnestness and the high social and professional position of its advocates might 
all have gone for naught, had not the Surgeon-General, in the document 
already quoted from, asked for some such assistance, and represented his 
bureau as likely to be overwhelmed imless aid were afforded from without. 

" I confess now,'' said a member of the cabinet, two years later, " that I had 
no faith in the commission when it started — prophesied that it would upset 
itself in six months, and that we should be lucky if it did not help to upset 
us ! None of us had faith in it ; but it seemed easier to let it destroy itself 
than to resist the popular urgency which called so lustily for a trial i:)f it. I 
am free to confess that it has been of the greatest service to the country, 
that it has occasioned none of the evils expected from it, and that it has lived 
down all the fears and misgivings of the government. I hear from no quarter 
a word against it." 

The official warrant creating the commission issued from the War Office 
on the 9th of June, though it was not signed by the President till the 13th. 
This paper specified the objects to which the commission should direct its 
inquiries, and appointed the persons who should compose it. These were as 
follows : 

President, 
Rev. Henry W. Bellows, D. D., New York. 
Ylcc-P resident, 
Prof. A. D. Bache, LL. D., Washington. 
Corresponding Secretary, 
Elisha Harris, M. D., New York. 
George W. Cullum, U. S. A., Washington. 
Alexander E. Shiras, U. S. A., Washington. 
Robert C. Wood, M. D., U. S. A., Washington. 
William H. Van Buren, M. D., New York. 
WoLCOTT GiBBS, M. D., New York. 
Cornelius R. Agnew, M. D., New York 
George T. Strong, New York. 
Frederick T aw Olmsted, New York 
Samuel G. Howe, M. D., Boston. 
J. S. Newberry, M. D., Cleveland. 



TUE SANITARY COMMISSION. 81 

To tliese were subsequently added: 

HoBACE BiNNEY, Jr., Philadelphia ; 
Rt. Eev. Thomas M. Claek, D. D., Providence; 
Hon. Joseph Holt, Kentucky ; 
R. W. Burnet, Cincinnati ; 
Hon. Mark Skinner, Chicago; 
Rev. John H. Heywood, Louisville ; 
Prof. Fairman Rogers, Philadelphia ; 
Charles J. Stille, Philadelphia ; 
J. Huntington Wolcott, Boston ; 
and about five hundred associate members, in all parts of the country. 

Mr. Frederick Law Olmsted was placed in charge of the central office, as 
General Secretary of the Commission, and gave himself wholly to its execu- 
tive duties ; and to his remarkable powers of organization must be attributed 
a large share of the success which has attended the labors of the commission. 

The greater number of the gentlemen thus named at once convened at 
Washington, and adopted the plan of organization which immediately became 
and long remained the broad basis of operations almost continental in their 
extent. The president of the commission hastened upon a tour of observa- 
tion and inquiry in the West, while other commissioners visited the forces 
gathering upon the Potomac. Until battle actually occurred, jirevention and 
sanitary inspection engrossed the larger share of the attention of the mem- 
bers. Preparations were, nevertheless, made in view of an actual collision, 
and the battle of Bull Run found their emissaries and delegates ready to take 
the field. 

In the first jjublic appeal for money and supplies — being a letter to an 
auxiliary committee of finance just organized in New York — Dr. Bellows, 
fresh from his western tour, used the following language : 

'• Consider the prospects of two hundred and fifty thousand troops, chiefly 
volunteers, gathered not only from the out-door, but still more from the in- 
door occupations of life — farmers, clerks, students, mechanics, lawyers, doctors, 
accustomed, for the most part, to regularity of life, and those comforts of 
home which, above any recorded experience, bless our own prosperous land 
and benignant institutions; consider these men, used to the tender providence 
of mothers, wives, and sisters, to varied and well prepared food, separate and 
commodious homes, moderate toil, to careful medical supervision in all their 



82 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

ailments ; consider these men, many of them not yet hardened into the bone 
of rugged manhood, suddenly precipitated by unexpected events into the field 
of war, at the very season of the greatest heat, transferred to climates to which 
they are unwonted, driven to the use of footl and water to which they are not 
accustomed, living in crowded barracks and tents, sleeping on the bare earth, 
broken of rest, called on to bear arms six and eight hours a day, to make 
rapid marches over rough roads in July and August, wearing their thick 
uniforms and carrying heavy knapsacks on their backs — and what can be 
looked for but men falling by the dozen in tlie ranks from sheer exhaustion, 
hundreds prostrated with relaxing disorders, and, finally, thousands suddenly 
swept off by camp diseases, the result of ii-regularity of life, exposure, filth, 
heat, and inability to take care of themselves under such novel conditions." 

The first estimate made by the commission of tlie amount of money that 
would be required to distribute the supplies in kind that it was already receiv- 
ing in abundance, and for all incidental expenses, was fifty thousand dollars — 
so universal was tlie belief that the rebellion would be summarily sujipressed. 
An appeal was specially addressed to the life insurance companies, "whose 
intelligent acquaintance," said the commission, " with vital statistics consti- 
stutes them the proper and the readiest judges of the necessities of such a 
commission. Wc look to them to give the first indorsement to our enter- 
jarise by generous donations — the best proof they can give the public of 
the solid claim we have on the liberality of the rich, the patriotic, and the 
humane." 

The first instalments of the nation's bounty came from these institutions : 
the New England Company giving $3,000; the New York, $5,000; the 
Mutual Benefit, $2,000; the Mutual, $.3,000, and, at a later period, $6,000 
more. The Central Finance Committee of New York now issued a fervent, 
and, <as it proved, irresistible appeal, making the following strong points : 

" Never before, in the history of human benevolence, did a gracious Provi- 
dence vouchsafe an opportunity for doing good on such a scale, to so great a , 
number, in so shoi't a time, and with comparatively so little money. Of the 
immense array of three hundred thousand men now in arms in our defence — 
to be swelled, if necessary, to five hundred thousand — the experienced mili- 
tary and medical members of the Sanitarv^ Commission declare that one-fifth, 
if not one-fourth, who must otherwise perish, may be saved by proper care. 

/ 46- * * * * * * 

" Men and women of New York ! We beg you to awake to instant action. 
Death is already in the breeze. Disease, insidious and inevitable, is even now 



THE SANITARY COMMISSION. 83 

stealing through the camps, on scorching pkiin, in midnight damp, menacing 
our dearest treasure— tiie very flower of our nation's youth. You surely will 
not permit them thus inglorionsly to perish. In the name of humanity and 
patriotism; in the name alike of justice and manly generosity, bidding us 
save them who stake their lives in saving us ; in the name of the honored 
ancestors who fought for the land we live in; in the name of the Blessed 
Being, the friend on earth of the sick and the suffering, we now commit this 
holy cause to your willing hearts, your helping hands, with our earnest assu- 
rance that whatever you do will be doubly welcome if done at once. 

"Samuel B. Ruggles, 
"Christopher E. Robert, 
" Robert B. Minturn, 
'• George Opdyke, 
"Jonathan Sturges, 
"Morris Ketchum, 
"William A. Booth, 
"David Hoadley, 
"J. P. GiRAUD Foster, 
"Charles E. Strong, 

'■^Members of the Executive Cvmmittee of the Central Financial 
■' Committee U. S. Sanitai-y Association. 
"New York, July 13, 18G1." 

A week after the publication of this appeal occurred the battle of Bull 
Run, the commentary thus accompanying the text. The whole country 
unloosed its purse-strings, and opened wide the doors of pantry, larder, cellar 
and wardrobe. In one night the Washington storehouse was filled to over- 
flowing. A long peace had left the houses of the land well stocked with the 
materials which, with a little manipulation, and a few hundred miles of 
travel, would serve to j^reserve health and even life. The shelves groaned 
beneath jiiles of cotton which had not yet been thought cheap at a shilling a 
yard, with linen and woolen fabrics that had accumulated almost insensibly. 
The raw material was at hand and abundant; the fingers to fashion it into 
shirt, sock, havelock, sheet, blanket, ached to be at work. Thus, the ])lan 
laid down by the commission having been generally approved ; the names of 
the gentlemen composing it inspiring universal confidence, and the appoint- 
ment of Mr. George T. Strong, of New York, as treasurer, furnishing a 
guarantee that all funds intrusted to it would be faithfully guanled and 



84 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

prudently administered, the United States Sanitary Commission entered upon 
its marvellous, unexampled career of practical philanthropy. 

Tliougli it forms no part of tlie object of this work to describe in detail 
the vast operations of this and other similar associations, we may incidentally 
give a brief sketch of their working plans — that of the Sanitary Commission 
including three distinct departments of labor : 

1st. The Preventive Service or S.vnitary Inspectioit. — This depart- 
ment employs the services of a corps of medical inspectors, who visit the 
camps, hospitals, and transports of each army corps in the field ; who watch 
all chance of danger from change of climate, from exposure, from malarious 
causes, from hard marching, or from any failure of supplies or transportation. 
Reports made by them to the proper authorities lead either to the adoption of 
better methods of supply, to change of location, or to sanitary reform. These 
reports, too, furnish the basis of valuable tables, which it is the duty of a 
bureau of statistics to elaborate from the data thus supplied. To this depart- 
ment belongs the Corps of Special Hospital Inspectors, who from time to time 
make the tour of all the general army hospitals, and report upon their condi- 
tion, wants, or progress. The preparation and issue of medical tracts and of 
concise sanitary bulletins, for the information of officers and men, also fall 
within the duties of the preventive service. These treatises have been, many 
of them, written by the ablest physicians and surgeons in the country, and 
their value to the service cannot be overestimated. 

2d. The Department of General Relief. — This branch of the service 
embraces three-quarters of the whole work done by the commission. Its duty 
is to supply food, clothing, bandages, hospital furniture, bedding, delicacies, 
stimulants, cordials, &c., &c., for the wounded on the field, and for the sick 
and wounded in camp, field, post, regimental, and general hospitals. These 
supplies are originally collected from the people into the twelve branches of 
the commission, located respectively at 

Boston, Baltimore, Chicago, Louisville, 

New York, Cincinnati, Columbus, Pittsburg, 

Philadelphia, Cleveland, Detroit, Buflfalo. 

Each of these branches is a central point for the numerous aid societies in its 
neighborhood, as many as twelve hundred being in some cases tributary to a 
single branch office. The stores thus received are opened, assorted, repacked, 
and shipped, according to instructions received, to the associate secretary of 
the east or west, whose duty it is to know where they will be first needed, and 
to see that they are taken there. These supplies, upon the field or in the 



THE SANlTAllY COMMISSION. 



,.,«if!iilil!!:iliiiilil|ii!!ill^ 



85 




THE BANtTARY COMMISSION IN TIIR HOSPITAL. 



hospital, are distributed impartially to all who need thorn, wlietlier they come 
from Maine or Missouri, whether they are Union soldiers or rebel prisoners. 
Certain states have not contributed either to the treasury or the storehouses 
of the commission, but nothing has ever been withheld from the soldiers of 
these states on that account. The result of the meeting of the agents of a 
local state organization and those of the commission upon a battle-field, has 
often been that the former, seeing the evil eflects of exclusivoness, have, fir 
that particular exigency, merged their supplies in the stock of the commission, 
and have themselves aided in distributing them without state distinction. 

3d. The Department of Special Eelief. — The a.«sociate secretaries of 
the east and of the west, the Kev. Mr. Knapp, at Washington, and Dr. New- 
berry, at Louisville, have the general direction of this department, " which 



86 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

deals mainly with the waifs and strays of the army, and relieves the individual 
soldier when temporarily out of connection with the military system." The 
" Soldiers' Homes" of the commission come under this head. Here shelter, 
food, and medical care are furnished to men who, for one reason or another, 
cannot get it directly of the government — such as men on furlough or sick 
leave, recruits, stragglers, men who have been left behind by their regiments, 
or who have been prematurely discharged from the hospitals. At one period 
the eight homes at "Washington, Cincinnati, Cairo, Louisville, Nashville, 
Columbus, Cleveland, and New Orleans, gave food and lodging to two thou- 
sand three hundred men every twenty-four hours. 

There are also several "lodges," or homes on a smaller scale, belonging to 
this department. Here the soldier, enfeebled but not disabled, may wait his 
opportunity of securing his pay, or may obtain rest and medical treatment 
till he is cither able to rejoin his regiment or may be transferred to the 
hospital. The hospital cars ; the hosjDital steamboats ; the agencies for aiding 
the soldier or his family to obtain back pay, bounties, or pensions ; the hos- 
pital directories, containing the names and military status of every man who 
has received hospital treatment ; the sending of supplies to prisoners at Rich- 
mond by flag of truce boat — all these varied services belong to, and are per- 
formed by, the Department of Special Relief. 

For somewhat over a year the simple machinery adopted for procuring 
from the people the requisite supplies, and the funds necessary to move, 
distribute, and properly apply them, proved amply sufficient. From time to 
time a fresh appeal was issued ; the subject was kept constantly before the 
country by means of the press ; the army bore witness in thousands of letters, 
written by those whom experience had taught, to the efficiency, integrity, and 
humanity of the commission. The willing fingers knew no rest, the scissors 
and the needle no I'espite. The people had insensibly taken, as it were, the 
measure of the situation, and were furnishing, month by month, a supply 
which, ujj to June, 1862, had proved amply sufficient. But now came in 
quick succession Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Gaines' Mills, Malvern Hill, the 
terrible second battle of Bull Run, and finally the bloody victory of Antietam. 
This last struggle left ten thousand of our own men wounded upon the field, 
and several thousand rebel prisoners in our hands. This series of battles, 
culminating upon the soil of Maryland, exhausted the commission's reserved 
stores, and sent the last funds of the treasury into the market for the purchase 
of an additional supjDljr. " It was at this hour of imperative duty and greatest 
anxiety," we quote one of the reports of the commission, "on the 21st of 



ALERT CLUBS. 



87 




BEFORE TUE BATTLE. 



September, the fonvth day after the battle, that a telegram from California 
brought intelligence of liberal promise of pecuniary aid from the Pacific coast; 
and with that inspiring promise came the welcome announcement that a hun- 
dred thousand dollars — the first instalment of the golden treasure — was then 
on the way to the Sanitary Commission. That hundred thousand dollars, at 
the time, seemed to be the means of insuring the successful prosecution of the 
commission's greatly expanded methods of aid ; and every subsequent passage 
in the history of its sanitary works, and its relief service, will tell how energi- 
zing and how salutary was that early lesson of faith, and how California's gold 
has strengthened and established the broad plans and humane purposes that 
might otherwise have fluctuated between necessity and inability." 

But to refer in greater detail to some of the ways and means adopted to 
collect the contributions of the people. " Alert Clubs" had been established in 
many of the villages and hamlets throughout the country, and these were 
as successful in bringing money into the treasury of the commission as the 
Dorcas, Thimble, Needle, and Picket Associations were in replenishing its 
wardrobe and storecloset. They derived their name from the Alert Club, 
composed of the little girls and young people of Norwalk, Ohio, who collected 
in seven months, in a village of two thousand souls, with hardly a single 
person of wealth among them, $560. Their immediate aim was to furn'sh 



88 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 




the aid society of tlieir town or neigliborhood with the means of purchasing 
material to cut and make up : as has been said, the past year had made sad 
havoc among the reserves and accumulations of the people. These clubs had 

each a president, secretary, two treasurers, and 
as many collectors as possible, often forty. The 
president divided the neighborhood into dis- 
tricts, and appointed four collectors for each — 
two ladies, two gentlemen. These were to obtain 
subscriptions among the ladies of twenty cents 
a month, and among the gentlemen of as much 
as tlieir good will prompted them to give. Their 
duty was to call at every house in the district, 
omitting none, no matter what its alleged illib- 
erality, inscribing each name given and every 
sum collected in a book furnished for that pur- 
pose by the aid society. Every subscriber was to be asked for his subscrip- 
tion on and after the first Monday of the month, and accounts were to be 
audited and collections paid over to the parent society on the second Monday. 
At the monthly meetings of the Alerts, they might, if they chose, make slip- 
pers and quilts, though they were not expected to burden themselves with 
any other labor than the collection of funds. The fact has been, indeed, that 
they made few slippers and fewer quilts; but they did what was better, or 
what led to better financial results: they gave concerts and tea-parties in 
winter, and strawberry festivals in June; they picked blackberries in August; 
gave their firework money for onions in July ; held fairs on the door-step 
and in the front yard, whenever it did not rain ; enacted charades when any 
one would jiay to see them ; and, throughout the war, worked with a zeal 
worthy of older heads, and an unselfishness beyond all praise. 

Towards the close of 1862 the supplies of cotton and woolen matei'ial 
were exhausted throughout the country, having stood the drain of nearly 
two years. The sewing societies were as willing to work as ever ; but they 
had no cloth to work upon. Applications were therefore constantly made to 
the Central Commission for material, which the village aid societies would be 
glad to make up. The commission made a short trial of this plan, but finding 
that it arrested even the straggling flow of supplies toward their depots, aban- 
doned it. If any societies were thus furnished, all must be, and this would 
ruin the treasury in twenty days. 

" Nothing," said the commission, in an appeal is-sucd at this time, " but 



THE SANITARY COMMISSION. 



89 



the unbought, freely given services of our people at home, both in furnishing 
labor and material, enn avail to meet the vast demand for hospital clothing 
existing among our suffering troops. If you recall the fiict that we have 




SANITARY CIIAUADE: MET-A-PnYSH-IAN. 



70,000 men in general hospitals, 10,000 men in regimental hospitals, and per- 
haps 50,000 more in convalescent camps, you will see what a vast supply 
these 130,000 sick or invalid soldiers require. For you have only to think 
how much change of clothing, how much costly medicine, how much delicate 
food, how much wine and other stimulants, a single sick person at home 
requires, to appreciate the endless wants of 130,000 men in our hospitals and 
camps, one-third seriously ill, one-third really sick, and one-tliird ailing. 
Nothing short of the free activity and free contributions of every family, 
hamlet, village, church, and community, throughout the loyal states, contin- 
ued as long as the war continues, can avail to meet this never ending, always 
increasing drain. 

"It is the little springs of fireside labor oozing into the rills of village 
industry, these again uniting in the streams of county beneficence, and the.se 
in state or larger movements, flowing together into the rivers which directly 
empty into our great national reservoir of supplies, which could alone render 



90 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

possible the vast outflow of assistance wHch the Sanitary Commission is 
lending our sick and wounded soldiers. It is only necessary to give one 
statement to prove the absurdity of attempting to supply from our treasury 
the material of this home-labor for our cause. During the month of Septem- 
ber, the Sanitary Commission distributed daily, through its various agencies, 
West, East, and South, as well as can be now ascertained, not less than 
26,000 articles, which, at an estimated value of fifty cents each, were worth 
thirteen thousand dollars. In a month of thirty-one days, as any one can see, 
this would amount to over $400,000 ; and supposing only half the value to be 
in the material, you can see that it would cost us $200,000 per month to 
supply the material which has, up to this time, been given us. This state- 
ment equally demonstrates the munificence of our contributors, in the past, 
and the utter folly of attempting to substitute our money for their fi-ee gifts. 
No ! the moment the liberality and confidence of the homes and villages 
desert the Sanitary Commission, that moment its work of relief is ended." 

During the year 186.3, not only the hoarded linen being exhausted, but 
many a bed having been despoiled of its quilt, many a window of its curtain, 
it became necessary for the commission to enter the market and pui-chase. 
Now cotton was extravagantly dear, and the money of the commission, like 
that of every one else, was the depreciated currency of the country. A dollar 
was doubtless a dollar to all who gave, but its value, in the hands of those who 
spent, fluctuated with the fortunes of the war. Fortunately, California and 
the Pacific coast continued their munificent donations, and this portion of the 
receipts of the commission represented dollar for dollar. Thus, as the giving 
of stores fell off, that of money increased, and the commission was enabled to 
sustain itself. 

The following extract from a speech in San Francisco, by Mr. William T. 
Coleman, will show by what arguments the Californians were wrought up to 
the necessary pitch of generosity, though, indeed, they needed little urging : 

"It was cheering," he said, "to Californians in the East, to witness the 
emulation and spirit caused by the contributions of our state to the Sanitary 
Fund. Never did a people gain so much at so small a price. The donations 
coming in a bulk, appeared to be large ; but, really, this state has given very 
little, in comparison with others. The loyal states of the east have all been 
called upon for contribu.tions in many ways not witnessed here. There were 
soldiers to be fitted out, wounded soldiers to be received on their return, help 
to be sent to the battle-field, and appeals were made at every corner. People 
have not stopped to inquire any thing, save whether the sufferer was a soldier 



THE BOUNTY OF CALIFORNIA. 91 

and in need. The government provided arms and ammniiilion in abundance, 
but hospital su])plies were lacking ; the cause was in danger of great loss 
by neglecting wounded men in the field and in the hospitals. Then it 
was that California blazed up suddenly with a brilliant, a golden light, and 
our state gained a name of which Californians, with all their vanity, may well 
be proud. 

" Though the eastern states have given much more, their gifts were not 
in one large stream, but in numberless rivulets — by states, by cities, by 
villages, by societies. The treasurer of no eastern association has had the 
satisfaction of sending $100,000 at one time. But if California should give 
$100,000 per month, she would not give any more than her share. Congratu- 
late yourselves that you have so little to do ; but take care to do it well. This 
state ought really to bear the entire expenses of the Sanitary Commission. 
Let us send them more than they ask. We could do it and never miss it. 

" The attention and favor of the Sanitary Commission are not limited to 
any class of soldiers. No lines are drawn of nativity, or of shades of religious 
or political opinion. Officers of the Commission do not turn their backs on 
wounded rebels, but supply their wants also, and God grant that they make 
better men. There were, not long since, 2,500 sick and wounded rebels at 
New York, and they were not neglected. The Sanitary Commission has 
saved more lives and spared more suffering than any other effort of that kind 
ever made. I now ask you, fellow-citizens, to again come forward with your 
contributions and subscrijDtions. Your wealth is increasing at a rate une- 
qualled in the world, and this great charity is ready to relieve you of part of 
the responsibility and burden. Send fifty bars of gold and a hundred of 
silver, through Wells, Fargo & Co., by steamer, to the Sanitary Commission, 
with the compliments of California, and you will strengthen the well with 
confidence and renewed zeal, and the wounded will find their cup sweeter and 
their beds softer, while they bless the Golden State. " 

One instance of the spirit which animated those who, having literally 
nothing to give, nevertheless gave, may properly be mentioned here, as it has 
never been mentioned elsewhere. The Eev. George Gordon, whom ill health 
and other afiiictions had deprived of his pulpit, and who had no hopes of ever 
filling another, with a large family, no income, and no projjcrty but a small 
house and garden, with two sons in the army and a bed-ridden daughter at 
home, lived in Putnam county, New York, a few miles from the five hotels 
lining the eastern bank of Lake Mahopac. The only church here being 
Methodist, and very small, it was the custom of the visitors at the various 



92 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

hotels to meet on Sunday mornings in the parlor of the Baldwin House for 
religious worship. The Rev. Mr. Gordon read the service and preached, and 
the collections taken up, on the eight Sundays of the brief Mahopac season, 
constituted his sole money receipts for the year. The President appointed a 
day for thanksgiving and praise after the capture of Yicksburg, and what 
might be taken up on that Thursday Mr. Gordon proposed should be sent to 
the Sanitary Commission. The congregation objected, not that they did not 
wish well to the commission, but that they deemed the sacrifice too great for 
the reverend gentleman to make. But not one penny would Mr. Gordon 
touch, and the receipt of a certain suiri of money, from the Rev. George Gor- 
don, " the result of a collection taken at Lake Mahopac," was soon aftenvards 
acknowledged by Mr. George Strong. This, the attendants upon the parlor 
service felt, was Mr. Gordon's gift, not theirs ; and conscious that he, of his 
penury, had cast in more than they all, quietly circulated a paper from house 
to house, from dock to bowling-alley, on Blackberry Island and Petrea, and 
on the following Sunday presented Mr. Gordon with a list and a long roll. 
The humane clergyman had cast his bread upon the waters ; he had sent 
thirty-seven dollars to the hospital, and it came back to him five dollars 
for one. 

We come now to the era of the great sanitary fairs which, in the fall of 
1863, and during 1864 and 1865, were held from one end of the country to 
the other. Postponing, for the present, a description of them — a description 
which we give elsewhere in detail, as the best method of showing the zeal, the 
devotion, the ingenuity of the various neighborhoods interested — we quote 
from a letter written by the president of the commission some months later, 
but the proper place of which, in a consecutive narrative, is here. This letter 
was in answer to one from the Rev. Mr. Beecher, in which these words 
occurred : " There is great ignorance of the scope of the commission, its details 
and its need of vast funds ; and where there is ignorance there will be more 
or less fear and doubt whether such volumes of money, as in the imagination 
of the people are rolling into the treasury, can be needed or well spent." 
Dr. Bellows replied as follows : 

" The business of the United States Sanitary Commission lies : 
"I. In collecting supplies. This is done through its branches. During 
the first two years the homes of the country sent of their superfluity immense 
quantities of sheets, pillow-cases, comforters, blankets, shirts, drawers, socks, 
&c. This superfluity is long ago exhausted, while the want continues. Of 
course now they must buy the raw material, and make up newly what they 



COLLECTION AND PURCHASE OF SUPl'LIES. 93 

originally could take out of their closets and trunks. Hence the necessity of 
the great fairs to raise the money to purchase the clothing and other supplies 
which they obtained formerly in another way. All the money raised by the 
fairs will be spent, with small exceptions, at home, in creating sui)|)lics. It 
takes about fifteen-sixteenths of all the cost of the United States Sanitary 
Commission to furnish its supplies and transportation. The other one-six- 
teenth goes into the support of its homes, its lodges, its machinery of distri- 
bution, its hospital directory, and hospital and camp inspection. The cash 
which actually reaches the central ti-easury of the United States Sanitary 
Commission has, in three years, amounted to about one million of dollars, of 
which the Pacific coast has given nearly three-quarters. It would be well for 
those who on the' Atlantic coast sometimes question our economy, to consider 
this fact. 

" Of this money, more than half has been spent in the purchase of such 
supplies as the homes of the land do not and cannot furnish, and in the trans- 
portation of them, such as : 

'' Condensed milk by the ton. 

" Beef-stock by the ton. 

" Wines and spirits by the barrel. 

"Crackers and farinaceous food by the ton. 

" Tea, coffee, and sugar, by the chest and hogshead. 

"Crutches, bed-rests, mattresses, and bedsteads, by tlie hundred. 

"Cargoes of ice, potatoes, onions, and curried cabbage, lemons, oranges, 
anti-scorbutics, and tonics. At times we have supplied not only the sick, 
but a whole army threatened with scurvy, with the means of averting it ; and 
we have averted it at Vicksburg, at Murfreesboro', before Charleston. Thou- 
sands of barrels of onions, thousands of baiTels of potatoes, hundreds of barrels 
of curried cabbage, have been forwarded to various corps, even as far as 
Texas, to appease the demon of scurvy and save our troops. 

" The other half million has been used in supporting two hundred experts, 
medical inspectors, relief agents, clerks, wagoners, and accompanying agents, 
in the field, or in our offices and depots, through whom our work is done. 
These two hundred men receive, on an average, two dollars per day for labor, 
which is, say half of it, highly skilled, sometimes of professional eminence, and 
worth from five to ten times that amount. Few of these men could be had for 
the money ; but they work for love and patriotism, and are content with a bare 
support. This costs $12,000 a month. The board (all included, twenty-one 
in number) — president, treasurer, medical committee, standing committee — 



94 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

give their services and their time gratuitously. They receive nothing. Their 
travelling exjDenscs alone are partly refunded them, and these are trilling, ex- 
cepting the case of one or two who go frequently on tours of obsei'vation. 

" II. The next large expense is the support of twenty-five soldiers' homes, 
or lodges, scattered over the whole field of war, from New Orleans to Wash- 
ington, including Vicksburg, Memjjhis, Cairo, Chattanooga, Nashville, Louis- 
ville, Washington, &c., &c. In these homes and lodges twenty-three hundred 
soldiers (different ones) daily receive shelter, food, medical aid, protection and 
care. Those soldiers are such as are crowded by the rigidity of the military 
system out of the regular channels ; soldiers left behind, astray, who have lost 
their military status, convalescents, discharged men, not able to get their pay. 
Of these, the average length of time they are on our hands is about three days. 
The priceless value of this supplementary system no tongue can tell. The 
abandonment of it would create an amount of suffering which a multipHcation 
of two thousand three hundred by three hundred and sixty-five days in the 
year will but serve to hint at. 

'•In connection with these homes, at the great military centres. New 
Orleans, Louisville, Washington, are bureaus in aid of the discharged soldier's 
great necessities, growing out of his loss of papers in battle, or during the 
bewilderment of sickness, or through the ignorance of his superiors, or his 
own : 

" 1. A Claim Agency, to secure his bounty. 

" 2. A Pension Agency. 

"3. A Back-pay Agency. 

■'The mercy of these ministries, by which soldiers and their families, help- 
less without this aid — the prey of sharpers, runners, and gi'og-shops — are put 
in speedy possession of their rights, is inexpressible. We have often $20,000 
a day of back-pay in our ofiice at Washington alone, which might have been 
lost forever, or delayed until it was no longer needed by the soldier's own 
family, without this system. 

" Sometimes a dozen letters must pass back and forth with various officials 
to verify a single claim. By these agencies, wronged men, stricken in dis- 
grace from the army rolls, are restored ; and in several cases, men condemned 
to be shot as deserters, have been saved from an undeserved death. 

" To these are to be added : 

" 1. A special provision for wives, mothers, and sisters, who have expended 
all the little means of home in getting to Washington or Louisville to sec and 
protect their sick relatives. 



HOSriTAL INSPECTION AND TRANSPORTATION. 95 

" 2. A home foi* faitliful nurses broken down in the service. 

"3. Arrangements for sending very sick soldiers homo under escort. 

" III. A hospital directory, by which the whereabouts of all sick men 
is determined. There arc six hundred thousand names in its books. It is 
corrected daily. It saves endless confusion, suspense, and misery ; prevents 
needless journeys ; answers the most urgent questions ; relieves the home- 
feeling that their boys are lost in the crowded hospitals ; blesses and keeps 
heart-whole hundreds of wives, brothers, and sisters, every day. It costs 
$20,000 a year to maintain it, and it is worth a million, if human anxiety can 
be estimated in money. 

" IV. Hospital Inspection. Sixty of the most skilful surgeons and physi- 
cians in the nation were — eight or ten at a time — six months engaged, under 
the direction of the commission, in a systematic and scientific survey of all 
the general hospitals. They inspected seventy thousand beds, saw two hun- 
dred thousand patients, and reported in four thousand written pages the 
critical results of these inquiries. Can any body estimate the scientific and 
human value of such a survey, brought home to the surgeon, the medical 
authorities, and the government? 

"V. The transportation of the sick, carried on by us for the government 
in vessels from the Peninsula — from which we brougiit eight thousand men 
in a comfort wholly unattainable by government transportation, aided by our 
generous medical students and our heroic though delicate women — we have 
since largely carried on in our patent hospital ears, in which the sick, without 
jar, can be conveyed hundreds of miles with little suffering or injury. We 
have these cars on the main lines, east and west, along wliicli sick soldiers are 
carried. 

" VI. We supply the barren market of Washington with car-loads of fresh 
hospital supplies from Philadelphia. All the beef, mutton, poultry, butter, 
eggs, vegetables, used in all the hospitals at Washington, are selected, for- 
warded, distiibuted by the Sanitary Commission — the Medical Department 
refunding our outlay at the end of each month, saving the profit made by 
ordinary dealers, and securing wholesome food to the sick. 

"VII. The battle-field service of the commission is jjerhaps too well 
known to require any elucidation. But let us take the case of Gettysburg. 
We had accumulated stores, and placed agents at Ilarrisburg, Pa., Fi-ederick, 
Md., and Chambersburg, and at Baltimore, to watch the probable necessities 
of Meade's army. We had inspectors and wagon-trains marching with it; 
one with each column. The dreadful battle came off. The best calculations 



96 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

of the government had anticipated the wants of ten thousand wounded men. 
The result of that glorious yet horrible contest left about twenty-five thou- 
sand wounded men (our own and the enemy's) on an area of four miles square. 
Every church, private house, barn, shed, was crammed with wounded men — 
additional to field hospitals (in tents) whitening the hill-sides, and drenching 
the soil in the blood of amputated limbs. The railroads clogged with trains 
forwarding troops to re-enforce Meade in his pursuit of Lee ; the bridges 
burnt by the enemy ; neither cars nor locomotives enough to do half the 
required business; the surgeons and stewards compelled largely to accompany 
the troops, who expected another battle within a week — wliat would have 
become of these noble sufferers, if the half-preparation (not half) which the 
providence of the government had made had not been supplemented, for the 
first week or two, full one-half by the Sanitary Commission, aided by the 
Christian Commission and other relief agencies ? Look at the list of things 
.furnished them alone, and remember that this was one single battle-field, and 
■ cost the Sanitary Commission in stores, clothing, food, and transportation, 
.$75,000. Was there one dollar more spent than was called for? "Was one 
dollar mis-spent ? Was not the moral and material economy in the saving of 
life (I believe thousands of lives were literally saved by our succor on that 
occasion alone), and in the saving of pain and needless misery, such as every 
benefoctor of the commission must forever rejoice in ?" 

Dr. Bellows concluded his communication with some estimates for the 
future, closing thus: "The only uncertain element in these calculations 
is the estimated value of our supplies. The uncertainty here is not due 
to want of great pains to ascertain the facts. We shall very soon be able 
to lay before the public the exact estimates, how many shirts and their 
estimated value, 'how many drawers, stockings, sheets, comforters, &c., and 
the estimated value of each ; and they can then judge for themselves. 
Meanwhile they must give our statement only such credit as they may 
think our opportunity to know, and our desire to state frankly the exact 
truth, entitle it to." 

Up to the period when the first large fair was held, that is, from June, 
1861, to December 1st, 1863, the treasui'cr of the commission had receiv^ed the 
following sums, in cash, from the several states : 

From Maine $17,720 33 From Conneotioiit $5,181 35 

" New Ilauipshirc 1,70144 " Rliodc Island 8,068 30 

" Vermont 2;03o 15 " New England (states not 

" Massachusetts 48,.548 86 discriminated) 6,683 75 



/ 



A RESULT OF THE FAIRS. 97 

From New York $160,042 58 Fi-oiii Washington Territory . . $7,258 97 

" New Jersey 3,170 88 " Idaho 2,110 46 

" Pennsylvania 11,699 18 " Vancouver's and San Ju- 

" Delaware 765 00 an Islands 2,552 68 

" Maryland 1,733 00 " Honolulu 4,085 00 

" Washington, D. C 2,333 08 " Santiago do Chili 3^688 84 

" Ohio 2,700 00 " Peru 2,002 00 

" Michigan 578 00 " Newfoundland 150 00 

" Illinois 546 25 " Canada 439 48 

" Kentucky 6,166 45 '• England and Scotland . . 1,150 00 

" Indiana 500 00 " France 2,750 00 

" Minnesota 45 00 " Turkey 50 00 

" Nevada Territory 54,144 75 " China 2,300 00 

" California 526,909 61 '' Cuba 23 00 

" Oregon 26,450 78 " Unknown sources 3,192 88 



Total $919,477 05 

These sums were received by the Central New York Treasury ; the branch 
treasuries received other sums, as, for instance, that of Philadelphia $117,000, 
in the same time. But it may be generally said that the cash receipts of the 
branches were expended in the purchase of supplies, while those of the central 
treasury were used not only to purchase, but to transport, apjily, and adminis- 
ter the supplies thus procured. 

Some four or five fairs, producing large sums of money, had now been held, 
and an unexpected but not unnatural result was discovered to have l^een pro- 
duced by them. The people throughout the country had been toiling for the 
commission, and yet really had not benefited it ; that is, the commission was 
no better off this year with the fairs than it had been the previous year with- 
out them. The sewing societies, which had previously made shirts, now made 
dolls ; the needle pickets, the busy fingers, which had supplied the storehouses 
with hospital clothing, with flannels, with socks, with food for the sick, were 
now engaged upon work which, though capable of being converted into money, 
would even then only purchase the clothing, flannels, and food no longer 
furnished by them ; and goods thus purchased, with two or three profits upon 
them, and with a depreciated currency, were vastly dearer than when furnished 
as they previously had been. The people at large, seeing such vast money 
receipts in the hands of the commission, and not reflecting that they were 
merely in place of supplies in kind, the flow of which was now arrested, were 
already building national asylums with the imaginary runnings-over from the 
full font of the treasury. The fairs had thus, so far from assuring the future 
of the great charity, placed it in some peril; for the people were at any 
moment likelv to abandon all effort in its behalf 



98 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



There was another point in this connection not well understood. In spite 
of the fairs, which produced millions in cash, the commissioa was actually in 
want of ready money to keep its machinery in motion. The fairs, which had 
been held under the auspices of branches of the commission, sent the proceeds 






1 iSs^M 




(Mil r 1 FN b b Lr in s r \ k 



to the bi'anch treasuries ; the money was expended in supplies ; the supplies 
were forwarded to the central depots ; and just at this point the work of dis- 
tribution was threatened with stoppage, for want of money in the central 
treasur}^ This difficulty was fully set forth by Dr. Bellows in a letter, dated 
January, 1864:, to Mr. Otis, in San Francisco. After acknowledging the 
receipt of §50,000, California's January and February instalment, the doctor 
thus continued: "You will hear a great deal of the vast sanitary fairs at 
Chicago, Cincinnati, Boston, Buffalo, Albany, Washington, at which very 
large sums of money are raised, and you may very naturally think that it 
must be high-water in our central treasurv ! It is important that the people 
of California should understand that all this money is fitly expended by the 
branches themselves in the purchase of supplies, which supplies are forwarded 
to our receiving depot for distribution. But the whole cost of distribution, 



INJURIOUS RUMORS. 99 

with the men, wagons, horses, and raachinerj of every kind which transports 
supplies and makes them useful and saving to the army — all these accumu- 
lated comforts and necessaries fall upon our central treasury, which has more 
to do, and is more indispensable, precisely according to the amount of supplies 
that are furnislied to it. The more money the branches have, the more sup- 
plies we have ; and the mc^re supplies we have, the more it costs to forward 
them, distribute and supply them to our vast army, scattered over our wide 
country. 

"All the money and all the supplies that could be raised and furnished 
would be as useless to tlie array without us as the rains on the hill-sides of 
the Croton River would be to the city of New York, if the city had not built 
an expensive aqueduct ; which accumulates, economizes, and distributes, by 
an intricate and costly system of mains, and gates, and trainers, and pipes, and 
stop-cocks, this water to every house, every kitchen and chamber, every wash- 
bowl and pitcher and mouth in New York ! 

* * •» -X- * * * 

" Understand, then, that the wealth of the branches is indispensable to the 
soldier's relief, but that their wealth only makes us poor — by giving us more 
to do and nothing to do it with! We are like a stage company, with an 
immense number of passengers, but left without forage for our horses, or 
horses for our coaches: or, rather, we should be so if California did not make 
herself the great motive-power for the central machinery of the Sanitary Com- 
mission, and tluis furnish horses and forage, by which our ovei-flow of passen- 
gers (the supplies) ai'e all expeditiously transported to their destination — th? 
sick and wounded, the naked and hungry." 

Somewhat later, the idea having got abroad, and being in some quarters 
persistently fostered, that the Sanitary Commission was rich, having more 
funds than it could judiciously spend, that its storehouses were filled to over- 
flowing, Mr. J. Foster Jenkins, the worthy successor of Mr. Olmsted as general 
secretary of the commission, made and published a statement in the Boston 
Journal which did much to set these dangerous rumors at rest. The assertions 
alluded to, he said, were incorrect, and of a character to injure the cause of the 
commission. Its storehouses were not filled with goods; its treasury did not 
run over. The fairs had arrested the flow of sanitary stores to such an extent 
that the receipts in kind had for some months been fifty per cent, less than in 
the corresponding period of 1863. Even if the commission had received all 
the money raised by the various fairs, it would still be straitened by the falling 
off" in the supply of supplementary stores. " If," Mr. Jenkins added, " the 



100 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

people are persuaded that the Saaitary Commission has grown rich, and 
therefore is in need of nothing, in less than two months its storehouses will be 
empty and its treasury exhausted, in the vain attempt to eke out the funds 
raised by the flairs in the purchase of underclothing, dried fruits, blankets, 
and stimulants." 

Up to this period, the Sanitary Commission had received about a million of 
dollars in mone}', $700,000 of which was the gift of the Pacific Coast alone. 
The Atlantic States were waking up to this disproportion. It was decided that 
a fair should be held in New York, for the benefit of the central treasury ; that, 
inasmuch as the proceeds of the Chicago fair had been paid into the treasury 
of the northwestem branch, and expended in supplies, as those of the Boston 
fair had been paid into the treasury of the New England branch, and also 
expended in supplies, those of the great metropolitan fair should be used, as 
far as might be necessary, in the work of moving and distribution. " Our 
fair," wrote Dr. Bellows to Mr. Otis, "will come off" late in March; at which 
we hope, at one blow, to raise perhaps half a million of dollars, and so equal- 
ize the contributions of the Atlantic and the Pacific. I rejoice at this holy 
jealousy." 

It was just before the Fourth of July, 1864, that the desire, indeed the 
necessity, for onions in the several armies of the country became known to 
the people. Scurvy had appeared in the Army of the Cumberland, and it 
threatened the armies of the Potomac and the James. Where actual disease 
had not broken out, and even where there were no symptoms of its coming, 
the soldiers yearned for fresh vegetables with an intensity that impaired 
their efficiency by turning their thoughts homewards, to the savory onion- 
patches and cucumber-beds they had left behind them. The regular com- 
missions did much to supply this sudden demand ; it will be stated, in the 
proper place, that the State of Wisconsin, while the necessity lasted, sent 
anti-scorbutics by the hundred ban-els to the hospitals and armies within its 
circuit. Still, it was thought that much could be done by special outside 
work in behalf of this mid-summer want. An effort was made in New York 
to induce the Common Council to expend the usual appropriation for fire- 
works at Fulton Market instead of at the Powder Works, but it was unsuccess- 
ful. The children of the country, however, did what the City Fathers refused 
to do : they spent their Fourth of July money in onions. The New York Onion 
Fund was built upon a boy's dollar, given for crackers, spent in onions. The 
movement, thus begun, spread from state to state, and there is hardly an aid 
society's report which does not mention, among its irregular and incidental 



THE ONION FUND. 



101 



work, the collection of onion money or the sending of some barrel of pickles. 
The relief given was immense, and may be counted in lives saved and in the 
sustained efficiency of the armies. The sum thus expended, outside of the 
Sanitary Commission, cannot have been less than $50,000. 




FA[li Ui-UN A IlUUIt-STEP. 



Without underrating the v.alue of the publicity attained through the press 
in all affairs of public concern, we may say that the newspapers rendered pe- 
culiarly effective service in this matter of anti-scorbutics. One article, copied 
far and wide from a New York weekly sheet, exerted so great an influence 
that we transfer a portion of it to our pages. It purported to be a letter from 
a country girl to country girls and boys : 

" Not long ago," said this country girl, " I heard a soldier say that soldiers 
like onions ; that he had, at one time, paid twenty-five cents for an onion. 
Onions are good for soldiers, and many of them crave them. You and I don't, 
maybe — we like them only a long way off; but the soldiers do. Down in the 
corner of our garden, behind the currant-bushes, in what I recognize from sur- 
roundings as a long neglected corner — a spot unoccupied save by our dogs, 
who have considered it their own peculiar play-ground, and from which our 
boy has taken many a load of bones of their strewing — I see, in vision, the 
morning sun gleam brightly on rows of tiny green blades ; and, as I look, the 
rows seem to form themselves into great characters, which presently I see 
are. For the Soldiers. Henceforth, for this season at least, that bone- 
strewed plot has a nobler destiny. The vision shall be realized. The dogs 



102 TDE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

must seek another play-ground ; this plot is to bear onions for tlie soldiers. 
Where now is stiff sod shall indeed be mellow soil, where onions may take to 
themselves size and saja and odor. In due time, the green tops may flavor 
soup for the Ilome Guard ; but every bulb lying concealed in the dark mold 
shall be sacred to such as have seen actual service. Never, since exiled 
Israelites landed and sighed for the leeks and onions of Egypt, has there been 
so great a glorification of the odorous, tear-provoking bull:) as there shall be 
in this garden-corner. 

" This sounds well, say you ; but talking breaks no bones, and that frozen 
sod is not broken yet for those onion-beds. You are right. When the bar- 
rels (or shall it only be barrel?) containing them shall have been directed to 
the Sanitary Commission, that will be a better time for talking of these 
onions of mine. But just one word to you, girls and boys. Have you a 
neglected corner in your garden, in your yard, or a place hitherto given to the 
cultivation of flowers only ? That patch is not yours, I beg leave to inform 
you. The soldier has a mortgage on it. Waste soil is not to be tolerated 
about our homes in these times, and the tulip, though a lovely ministrant, 
must give place to a root wliich may be put to nobler uses." 

In August, 1864, the Sanitary Commission set all the children in the 
country to picking blackberries for the soldiers, their mothers and sisters to 
distil from them a refreshing cordial and tonic. In September, acknowledg- 
ing that "rivers of blackbeny juice had flowed in upon them from all parts 
of the country, and that it would be impossible to think of a more grateful 
flood," it made another call upon the boys and girls, asking for peaches, not 
canned, nor preserved, but simply dried. Peaches were never so plentiful, 
and could never be turned to better account. The peach had never borne a 
large part in the charities of mankind, and its history had had but slight con- 
nection with the practice of the healing art, but its opportunity had now 
come. Do not can the j)eaches, said the commission to the children, and 
waste no sugar upon them. Cut them carefully in halves, and take out the 
stones. Lay the halves upon clean boards or upon sheds and roofs sloping 
to the south. Dry them thoroughly in the sun, if jDossible ; if not, put them 
in slightly heated ovens, or toast them gently upon the hearth, or before the 
stove. You cannot dry them too thoroughly, boys ; and you cannot send too 
manj-, girls. If there are any left when the sick and the convalescent have 
had their fill, they will do no harm to the well men in the trenches and the 
field. 

An excellent result having been attained in many parts of the country 



ONE DAY'S INCOME, ONE DAY'S REVENUE. 



103 




l:t m ^ 






.;^a; 






PICKING BLACKBERRIES FOR THE 60I.DlEEe. 



by a systematic canvassing of counties, towns, wards, and streets, and t]i(> 
Philadelphia Committee on Labor, Income and Eevenue having furnislicd an 
admirable basis for the conduct of such a canvass, the commission issued an 
appeal, late in the year, suggesting a similar organized effort in the North- 
western States. It was jiroposcd, in this paper, that an attempt be made to 
obtain from every person in the Northwest the proceeds of one day's labor, 
one day's profits, or one day's income, for the benefit of the sick and wounded 
of the army. The commission asked for the 365th part of the gifts of Prov- 
idence, for the benefit of the gallant men now preserving them for tho.se at 
home. It hoped that the appeal would be answered by the toiling seamstress 
and daughter of luxury, the hardy day -laborer and skilful mechanic, by tlie 
millionaire, banker and lawyer, by the successful merchant and his clerks, 
by the hardy mariner and stalwart yeoman, by the government employee — 
even by coi-porate bodies, heretofore said to be destitute of souls. No class 
would be denied the privilege of uniting with, and none would be oppressed 
by, this thorough and systematic plan. 

The various trades, professions, and businesses of Chicago were already 



104 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

organizing, with a view to obtain from all this voluntary assessment. In 
many of the country towns an efficient organization had been effected. It 
was recommended that committees of two or three jDcrsons should be appointed 
for every department of business and labor, mercantile, mechanical, agricultu- 
ral, operative ; male and female, old and young. It was hoped that clergy- 
men and Sabbath-schools, as well as business men and associations, would 
become interested in this plan, that the press might be subsidized in its be- 
half, that Aid Societies, Loyal Leagues, and Good Templars would take it 
in hand promptly and energetically. The way to do it was to organize ! 

It was easily done. If the workmen would authorize their employers to 
deduct one day from their week's or month's earnings, and the employers 
would add to it a day of their profits, the whole would be acknowledged 
together to the credit of the establishment. Every acknowledgment would 
stimulate others to follow the example. 

Two of the churches of Chicago had already taken the initiative in 
carrying out this programme : St. James' Church, Eev. Dr. Clarkson, rec- 
tor, and the first Congregational Church, Eev. Dr. Patton, pastor. Each 
had paid into the treasury the fifty-second part of its church revenue for 
a year, on the ground that a church organization has but fifty-two days in 
its year. 

In Palatine, a small town in Cook County, a few miles from Chicago, the 
Aid Society had assessed a monthly tax on every person in the town, varying 
from one dollar to five cents. Collectors had been appointed for the nine 
school districts of the town, whose business it was to collect the sums pledged 
monthly, and pay them to the Aid Society, and the aggregate would be an 
amount of between one and two thousand dollars yearly. If every town in 
the Northwest would follow this example, the Sanitary Commission would 
have a revenue sufficiently ample for its needs, and every Aid Society would 
be able to supply itself with all the fiibrics it needed for the manufacture of 
hospital clothing. It was under a system thus set on foot that a considerable 
portion of the contributions in money to the Chicago Fair of 1865 were col- 
lected. 

"We have thus rapidly passed in review the various methods by which the 
treasury and storehouses of the commission were filled and from time to time 
replenished. For the purpose of going more into detail, as has been already 
said, and in order to describe more fully the little devices and ingenious shifts 
resorted to, in the same object, we give, in a succeeding chapter, an account 
of the various fairs, which, by the way, need not be considered as artificial 



IS RAFFLING PROPER? 105 

stimulants, but may be better characterized as furnishing an opportunity for 
simultaneous giving and concerted action. The commission needs, let us 
suppose, a million dollars, and thinks that New York ought to furnish it. 
Mr. A. is applied to, and says that he would willingly give a hundred or u 
thousand dollars, if he were sure that Mr. B. and Mr. C. would do the same. 
The cabinetmaker says that he would gladly contribute a specimen of his 
handicraft, if he knew that others would do as much ; that the milliner would 
furnish a bonnet and the machinist an engine. Now, the holding of a fair 
assures A. that B. and C, to say nothing of D., E., and F., will be called upon 
to contribute as well as himself; and the cabinetmaker, the machinist, and the 
milliner are severally convinced that their neighbors are to co-opei-ate with 
them. A fair is simply a lever by which a good purchase is obtained upon 
the purses and pockets of the community. It brings about a long pull and a 
strong pull, but, better yet, a pull altogether. There need be nothing arti- 
ficial, factitious, or unhealthy in a fair ; it is simply a form of organization. 
A composer, having his choice of means, and desiring to produce a massive 
effect, would dismiss the tenor and soprano and call upon the chorus. And 
as a choir is to a solo, so is a fair to all chance contributions. 

Of one device resorted to in some cities, objected to and forbidden in 
others, it may be proper to say a word or two here. The subject of raffling 
excited great interest throughout tlie country, and tlie minds of thoughtful 
people seemed to be pretty nearly divided upon its propriety. We give the 
two sides of the question as presented, the one by the officers of the Sanitary 
Commission themselves, and the other by a clergyman of Cincinnati. The 
commission deprecated raffles, the clergyman defended them — that is, under 
the circumstances. The commission, according to The Bulletin, its organ, 
had felt it necessary to establish one rule in regard to the source of its sup- 
port — to accept, without question and from all quarters, such gifts as were 
brought to its treasury. Accordingly, neither political, theological, nor moral 
questions had come before it. It had studiously avoided complication with 
the methods employed by those who had supplied its pecuniary necessities, 
declining to patronize or make itself responsible for either good or bad plans 
for raising money, and simply engaging, as trustees of the people's bounty, to 
spend the means placed in its hands in the most moral, most patriotic, and 
most faitliful manner. It held itself strictly responsible for the safe custody, 
the wise and economical disbursement, and the most humane application of 
the funds committed to it ; but not for the methods by which they were raised. 
Any other course would make the Sanitary Commission the moral censor of 



106 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

the public, and cut off tlie sympathies of large bodies of people — a loss even 
less important in a pecuniary than in a patriotic light. 

It should not be supposed, however, that the Sanitary Commission was 
indifferent to the morals of the community, or to the ways employed to aid 
and assist its own work. While it could not prescribe those ways, or go 
behind the gifts it received to catechize the motives or the methods of its ben- 
efactors, it earnestly desired, as a body of thoughtful citizens engaged in so 
serious a business, to see a careful respect for the laws, a tender regard for the 
moral interests of society, a profound reverence for God and duty, animating 
all its supporters. Confessing that the moral interests of the community are 
far more important than the success of its own work, it could not desire to 
flourish at tlie expense of any permanent principle of truth, justice, and 
religion. 

In regard to raffling, if the question were one the Sanitary Commission 
had the right to settle, the board could not hesitate to decide against it, as not 
being strictly legal ; as being, at the best, of disputed moral complexion, and, 
at the worst, decidedly evil in its tendencies, if not wrong in its principle. 
The practical settlement of the question lay with the gentlemen and lady 
managers of the fair. They had thus far endeavored in tlieir plan to free 
raffling from its universally recognized evils, judging it to be essential in 
some form to the success of the fair. That they might, under the discussion 
now going on, see it to be as immediately expedient as it is desirable on sev- 
eral grounds to abandon it wholly, was the wish and hope of the board. The 
Sanitary Commission was perfectly willing to sacrifice any pecuniary interest 
in the returns of the fair, to the practical testing of the question : " Are raffles 
necessary evils?" They thought not. 

The Cincinnati clergyman, in his sermon defending such appeals to the lot 
as those under discussion, took his text from Proverlis, xviii. 18 : " The lot 
causeth contentions to cease, and parteth the mighty." He maintained, gen- 
erally, that where a ticket, or chance, is bought in a raffle with the simple 
desire of contributing to some worthy cause, and with indifference as to who 
wins, there is no gambling and no offence. After makina; the statement that 
goods of great value must have been sacrificed without this recourse to the 
lot, he said : 

" Let us now consider what was done to save these goods, amounting to 
many thousands of dollars, from this sacrifice, and to secure the full value for 
the benefit of the soldiers. 

"A single case will illustrate correctly the principle of the whole. There 



RAFFLES DEFENDED. 107 

was an article worth, say, thirty dollars. But few or none were willing to 
invest so much in a single article. The result was, it was unsold. Then one 
said to another, ' Let us, thirty of us, unite, pay one dollar each, and purchase 
this. If sold at auction, it will go for, perliaps, ten or even five dollars. If 
we buy it, its whole value will be secured for the soldiers' fund.' Tims far, 
certainly, all is well. No one has been injured, the treasury of the fair re- 
ceives money which it would not otherwise have obtained, and the thirty have 
■what they willingly accept as the equivalent of their money. Now what shall 
be done with the article obtained '! It might have been sold and the proceeds 
divided. Had money been the object of the purchasers, this would have been 
done. Instead of this, they say to each other, ' We cannot all have it ; and 
the money which each put in is of no consequence ; let us cast lots for it. 
One will obtain it, and the other twenty-nine will have made a donation of 
one dollar each to the funds of the fair.' This, as I understand it, was the 
operation in which Christians and other conscientious persons engaged, and 
these were their motives. I know that these were the views and the motives 
of those of my own church who consulted me, and we are bound to believe, 
until the contrary is shown, that others are and were as conscientious as we. 

" Now, it is quite clear that it is in the last step in the agreement of the 
thirty, that they would decide by lot which should have the purchased article, 
that the gambling, if anywhere, lies ; and I declare, without the slightest 
hesitation, and with no fear that it can be successfully denied, that, in the 
transaction as set forth, there is not one feature or element of gambling. The 
only question possible, in regard to such an operation, is, Is it rigiit on such 
an occasion to make an apjaeal to the lot, which is really an appeal to God, to 
decide the question at issue ? 

" Those who condemn this must do so upon one of two grounds : either 
that an appeal to the lot is wrong in all cases, or wrong in this particular case. 
But it is not wrong in all cases, as will appear from the following considera- 
tions: First, from the statement of our text, which shows, beyond dispute, 
that in the Jewish Commonwealth, in the time of Solomon, the appeal to the 
lot was a common practice, and its usefulness is acknowledged in deciding 
questions and ending controversies between men. It placed the decision with 
God himself, from whom there was no appeal. 

" The land was divided among the tribes by lot. The order of service for 
the priests in the temple was decided by lot ; so was that of the musicians; 
and in the same manner the gates were assigned to the porters. 

"This practice was continued in the time of the Saviour; for, at the time 



108 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

of the vision of Zacharias, it is said his lot was to burn incense before the altar. 
And here our word ' lot' becomes a history in itself. We use it as applied to 
a field ; we call it a lot, because, originally, lands were divided by the ajjpeal 
to God, and what was thus assigned to a man was his lot. In the same sense 
we speak of a man's lot in life. The original idea was that each man's position 
is appointed by God. So, when an apostle was to be appointed, the eleven, 
not by any special command, but because it was a common custom, made the 
choice by lot. ' They gave forth their lots, and the lot fell upon Matthias.' 

" The use of the lot is, in itself, not only not immoral, but, rightly used, 
is a religious act, a solemn appeal unto the perfect wisdom of God ; and as 
such has been ordered by God, and used and sanctioned by religious and 
prayerful people from the time of Moses downward to our own ; and is, in 
itself, just as for removed from gambling as is tlie act of prayer itself. 

" But if right in itself, was the occasion on which we employed it a proper 
one? 

" We admit that the object of the fair was a right and Christian one. That 
because much of the value was in articles too costly for one man to buy, there 
was great danger, or, perhaps, a certainty that a very large amount would 
remain unsold, to be sacrificed at auctions. To prevent this sacrifice and to 
secure the proper amount for the soldiers" benefit, individuals combined to pur- 
chase an article which no one felt inclined to do alone, paying its fair value, 
knowing that every dollar paid, but one, would be a donation to the funds of 
the fair, and intending it to be so, and satisfied with this as the equivalent ; 
and when the purchase was made, the lot, by mutual consent, decided the 
ownership. 

"This, I know, was the principle, and these were the motives, in which 
the use of the lot began among our own people. In principle and spirit, both, 
it was proper and Christian, so far as my judgment goes. There was no 
appeal to selfishness or to a mercenary spirit. The contributors gave their 
money as a donation, to prevent a sacrifice of funds. He who finally obtained 
the article was pleased, and the rest were perfectly satisfied. It was as far 
removed from gambling as tlie distribution by lot of the land of Canaan after 
it had been won by the hard purchase of war. 

" If the thing was abused — if any bought their chance merely in tlie hope 
of winning — they were gambling; and I have no defence to enter for such." 

Another branch of the argument was taken up by a correspondent of the 
New York " Spirit of the Fair," who made the following aflFecting appeal to 
those in authority : 



THE CASE SUBMITTED. 109 

^'Jifessieurs ei Mesdames the Committee : 

"Permit me, as one deeply interested in the success of the fair, and in that 
of the Sanitary Commission, which God speed in its good work, to c;dl your 
attention to a matter of some importance. 

" Before the resolutions against raffling were announced, many ladies had 
made, as their donation to the fair, rare and beautiful fancy articles, as deli- 
cate as they were valuable. These they wished to dispose of at their real 
value, often amounting to a large sum. Now, let me ask, how can we do this, 
while raffling is rigorously and entirely excluded? With the exception of 
the more wealthy part_ of the community, people cannot afford to spend fifty 
or sixty dollars on a single fancy article, although perfectly willing to acknowl- 
edge that it is worth the money; and where they would gladly take a dollar 
share, go away without contributing their mite to the treasury. 

"Now, surely, if a man wins an afghan or a bouquet of wax flowers at a 
fair stall, he need not go and ruin his family at a faro-table. Assisting the 
soldier to fight our common enemy, is not an act likely to be associated with 
' fighting the tiger.' There need be no raffles at the Children's Department, 
if they are thought likely to lead the youthful mind out of the way it should 
go ; and surely, allowing beautiful articles to go to ruin in the dust, as they 
are now doing, to be finally disposed of at auction for a mere song, is not the 
best way to roll up a pile of substantial and much needed greenbacks. 

"Now do, most courteous, brave, and liberal signers and signoras, who have 
so well sustained your part in this our eifort to aid our sanitaiy brethren, 
yield a little in this respect. Don't strain at such a gnat as a dollar share in a 
wax doll, while the tremendous camel of an army of sick and wounded men 
remains to be disposed of 

"Our soldiers have been not unready at that great lottery, the draft. Those 
on whom the lot fell went gladly and willingly to yield up their lives and 
their all in the service of our country. Let us, bearing this in mind, avail 
ourselves of the readiest means in our power to serve those ' who suft'er that 
we may enjoy,' taking good heed meanwhile to enforce the weightier matters 
of the law, and be assured we shall be held blameless in this matter also. 

"An Assistant at the Fair." 

The case has thus been presented by the prosecuting attorney, and the 
counsel for the defence has been heard at length. To what judge and jury 
shall the decision be submitted ? To the ladies and gentlemen of the Mary- 
land State Fair, at Baltimore, half the proceeds of which were to go to the 



110 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Christian Commission ? They permitted raffling. To the ladies and gentle- 
men of the Great Central Fair at Philadelphia? There was no raffling at this 
fair. Suppose we give the casting vote to Boston, a city renowned for sobri- 
ety and practical views. "What was done in regard to raffles at the National 
Sailors' Fair, held many months after the case, as above argued, had been 
submitted to the country ? The people of Boston, then, who hold that it is not 
well to go to the theatre on Saturday evenings, whose play-houses, lately shut by 
law on those evenings, are now closed by common consent, decided that there 
was no gambling in sanitary raffling ; that the essential element, the desire to 
win, was wanting, and they therefore disposed of every article which did not 
otherwise obtain an owner, by raffles. Wares in infinite variety and num- 
bered by thousands were thus made to yield an ample revenue, and the par- 
ticipators, at least, do not believe that they or their neighbors are any the 
worse for it. These instances only show that the arguments have convinced 
no one, that all have maintained their original convictions, and, as we said 
before, that public opinion is, and is likely to remain, divided. 

So much for general views. "We now come to the details, as seen in the 
operations of the Aid Societies, nine-tenths of which are auxiliary to the San- 
itary Commission, some few being independent. There were, at one time, 
fifteen thousand of them, the most of them subject and tributary to some cen- 
tral society in their neighborhood, as the greater part of those of the State of 
Wisconsin are to that of Milwaukie. Want of space forbids our giving the 
reports of more than some thirty of them, but as these embrace the smaller 
societies, and as the whole ground is thus covered, the view obtained will be 
complete. The reader will hardly rise from the contemplation of these won- 
derful labors of women, without a new and expanded appreciation of the 
aptitudes and capacities of the sex which men, with derisive gallantry, have 
agreed to call "fair." Say that Niagara is "nice," and that the Mammoth 
Cave is "sweet," but let us talk of the fair sex no more. Look in at the 
nearest bee-hive and see who the drones are. They are the males, and they 
do no work. Let us say the wonderful sex, the well deserving sex, the sex 
that can set an example ; but let us not again seek to make of the least of 
woman's attributes her sole distinctive claim. 



CHAPTEE V. 



AID SOCIETIES AUXILIARY TO THE SANITARY COMMISSION. 




OFFICE OF A 



D SOCIETY 



We now proceed to give, in oitlcr of date, brief sketches of the origin, 
labors, and sources of supply, of the more important Auxiliary Societies and 
Branches of the Sanitary Commission. Some of those mentioned have, it is 
true, acted independently for a time ; others have not always sent their sup- 
plies through the commission, making some jjarticular regiment or hospital 
the recipient of an invoice from time to time; but they have, nevertheless, 
generally acted in concert with the national organization. All exceptions to 
the rule are specified. The reader should be warned of a peculiarity in the 
use of the word "article," in sanitary language. So many "articles" are said 
to have been made, collected, and forwarded by a society in a year. The 
article is a very variable quantity, and its size and value fluctuate with the 
importance of the society recording it. A village relief association considers 
a pickle an article ; a branch of the commission applies the same term to a 



112 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

jar of pickles. A sewing circle, having painfully elaborated a hundred yards 
of bandage, records them as a hundred articles ; at the receiving depot they 
may be registered as one package. So an article may be, in one jjlace, a 
pound, and in another a firkin, of butter; a cake, and anon a lx)x, of soap; 
an article may be a can of sardines, a barrel of vinegar, a paper of jnns ; it 
may be a pint bottle, a quart bottle, a demijohn, a keg, a hogshead, a pipe. 
As a general rule, the smaller the furnishing society the greater the subdivi- 
sion of the article. The reader thus placed upon his guard, we begin with the 
earlier societies, to which we have already incidentally referred. 

The women of Bridgeport, Connecticut, met together to roll bandages 
and prepare lint as early as the 15th of April, 1861 ; the Ladies' Eelief 
Society was organized after the battle of Bull Run, the primary object being 
to furnish hospital stores to the Sixth Connecticut Regiment. Finding, how- 
ever, that they were able to do more, they sent of their alnindance to other 
Connecticut regiments, to the Sanitary Commission, and to the hospitals at 
Washington. The next year the field of exertion was enlarged, and boxes 
were sent to Fortress Monroe, to Point Lookout, to Georgetown, to Alex- 
andria. The greater part of the articles furnished were from Bridgeport; 
but several of the neighboring towns and villages were laid under contri- 
bution. The society has met every week since the war began, the average 
attendance being twenty-five persons. Mrs. Woolsey G. Sterling was the 
first, and Mrs. Daniel Thatcher the second, President; Lydia E. Ward the 
Secretary. 

In three years and a half the society received and disbursed some 
$3,000 in money, made 902 shirts and drawers, and sent off" over 13,000 
articles, not including magazines, old linen, cotton, and flannel. In one 
week after the battle of Gettysburg, nine boxes of clothing, jellies, etc., were 
dispatched. 

Miss Almena B. Bates, of Charlestown, Massachusetts, read the Presi- 
dent's call for men, on the afternoon of the 15th of April, and the idea at 
once occurred to her that some of the men must go from Charlestown, and 
that they would need aid and comfort from home. In the space of a few days 
Miss Bates had communicated her views to several ladies and gentlemen, 
and had caused a brief paper to be drawn up proposing the formation of a 
relief society, and setting forth its objects ; this paper was signed by a large 
number of ladies on the 19th of April, the day of the attack upon Massachu- 
setts troops ill Baltimore. A constitution was read and adopted, and a board 
of officers for the year was chosen on the 22d, as follows : 



BUNKER HILL RELIEF SOCIETY. 



113 



President, 
Mr8. Horace 0. HrrcHixs. 

Vice-President, 
Mrs. William L. HrnsoN. 

Secretary, 
Mrs. IIexrt Ltox. 

Treasurer, 
Miss Almena B. Bates. 



Executive Committee, 

Mrs. Peter IlrBBELL, 

•' George E. Ellis, 

" W. W. Wheildon, 

" James B. Miles, 

" T. T. Sawyer, 

" R. Williams, 

" George W. Little, 



Mrs. R. FROTinNGHAM, 

" John Hued, 

" George Hyde, 

" Arthur W. Tufts, 

" S. T. Hooper, 

" Fred'k Tiio.mpson, 

" O. C. Everett. 



The receipts in money during the first year were $1,825, obtained entirely 
from private sources; $900 of this were expended for materials, and $400 in 
aid to soldiers' families. The receipts in 
money for the second year were about $5,000, 
$1,300 of which came from the Bunker Ilill 
Association of California, in recognition of 
whicb bounty supplies were sent to the " Cal- 
ifornia Hundred." During this year 110 
boxes were sent to hospitals and soldiers' 
homes, and more than one hundred families 
received aid in money, food, clothing, fuel. 
At one meeting, held on the 9tli of July, 
1862, one hundred and seventy persons were 
present, and 300 articles of clothing were 
made at a sitting. Special contributions ena- 
bled the society to do something for the sailors at the Navy Yard, and to 
fit up a Discharged Soldiers' Home, some $500 having been given for this 
latter purpose. The society has never been tributary to the Sanitary Com- 
mission, its jiurpose having been, from the first, that Charlestown supplies 
should reach, if possible, Charlestown soldiers. 

The receipts in money during the third year were over $3,600, California 




114 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

being again a generous contributor. The following table will show from what 
sources the society has drawn its funds : 

Cash from Dr. H. Lyon, collection taken at the Unitarian Church $139 00 

" from G. E. Mackintire, Winthrop Church 125 6.S 

" from M. B. Sewall, Union M. E. Church 2.5 00 

" from Mrs. G. '^. Little, Finst Baptist Church 72 25 

" from Dr. and Mrs. Ellis 25 00 

" from T. T. Sawyer, Universalist Church 106 50 

'• Jrom Mrs. fl'illiam Ilurd 20 00 

" from Nahum Chapin 25 00 

" from James Hunnewell 100 00 

" from Mrs. P. Hubhell, St. John's Churcli 7-4 VO 

" from James Hunnewell 100 00 

" from Bunker Hill Association, California. . . 243 65 

" from T. T. Sawyer, for Mrs. O'Brien 25 00 

" from Misses Kettell and Brooks 6 50 

" from Dr. J. W. Berais 20 00 

" from Mrs. T. T. Sawyer 25 00 

" from Charles A. Barker 25 00 

" from Dr. and Mrs. Ellis 25 00 

" from E. Collaraore, New York 25 00 

" from A. Heath, from gentlemen's committee 110 00 

" from Misses Frothinghara, Kent, and Neal 281 67 

" from James Hunnewell 100 00 

" from T. T. Sawyer, from Foss fund 500 00 

" from .Joseph Peirce, B. H. Association, California 500 00 

" from James Hunnewell 100 00 

" from Committee on Entertainments, etc 070 26 

" from James Hunnewell 100 00 

" from Mrs. Chester Guild, Somerville 20 00 

Contributions in sums less than Ten Dollars 57 50 

Total $3,6-47 66 

Two hundred families of soldiers were relieved ; large quantities of coal 
and wood were distributed, and 111 boxes forwarded to the army and the hos- 
pitals. Special funds were again contributed for the sailors and for the Dis- 
charged Soldiers' Home. Though the society, as such, did not take part in 
the Sanitary Fair at Boston, many citizens of Charlestown did, as individuals, 
and the Charlestown Table yielded a generous sum. The benefactions of the 
city have, from the beginning, been liberal in the extreme, and the reports of 
the Relief Society embrace, of course, but a small portion of the aid rendered, 
which has been given in many different ways and has flowed towards the 
army in numerous diverse channels. 

During the second and third 3'ears, Mrs. 0. C. Everett w-as President of the 
Society, and Mrs. T. T. Sawyer Vice-President, Mrs. Lyon and Miss Bates 



AID SOCIETY OF CLEVELAND. 116 

remaining Secretary and Treasurer. Mrs. Lyon became President in 1864, 
' and Mrs. Peter Hubbell, Vice-President ; Mrs. Geo. H. Braman was appointed 
Recording Secretary, and Mrs. S. S. Blanchard, Corresponding Secretary ; Miss 
Bates, as befitted the founder of the association, remained constant to the end. 
On the 20th of April, 1861, the Soldiers' Aid Society of Cleveland 
■was organized, with the following board of officers : 

rrexident, 
Mrs. B. Eouse. 

Yice-Preskhntii, 
Miis. JoHS Shelley, Mi!.s. AVm. Melihnc ii. 

Secretary, 
Maky Clark Brayton. 

Treasurer^ 
Ellen- F. Terry. 

The first act of the society was to raise a fund for the temporary support 
of the families of the three months' men. The necessities of the recruits 
assembled in a neighboring camp of instruction next enlisted its sympathies ; 
ill clad, and unprepared for their new life, they required blankets and full 
supplies of clothing, and these the government was, as yet, unable to furnish. 
Havelocks were cut and made during the summer, and the hospital at Camp 
Dennison was fitted out with clothing sufficient for two regiments. These had 
been suddenly called for, and, as the society was without means, were paid 
for by two or three members only. 

In June, the association began to spread the information it had acquired, 
among the towns of Northern Ohio, by means of circulars. A determined 
eflbrt was made to centralize the efforts of the women of that portion of the 
state ; and as there was much natural ignorance to dispel, and much that might 
be better done in person than by lettei", the i:)resident of the society visited 
towns, villages, families, and neighborhoods, and by her advice, explanations, 
and appeals, did much to create that interest and sympathy which have made 
the fourteen counties tributary to Cleveland one of the richest of the sanitary 
districts. A large office and store were placed, rent free, at the society's 
disposal, by tlieir owner ; regular meetings were appointed, and the sum of 
twenty-five cents was exacted from each member at each meeting. The stores 
collected were, naturally, distributed in Western camps and upor Western 
battle-fields. 



116 THE TRir.UTE BOOK. 

As tlie work thus done augmented and as the opportunities for usefulness 
increased, the sense of responsibility deepened, and the hazards of transporta- 
tion and difficulties of guarding against waste imjDelled the society to seek 
some more extended and systematic plan of action. The Sanitary Commission 
stood ready to absorb and assimilate ; the Aid Society asked nothing better 
than absorption and assimilation. So the ladles of Cleveland proposed, and 
were accepted, and Mr. Olmsted wrote the letter of acceptance on the 16th of 
October. As an act of justice to the contributing counties, containing five 
hundred auxiliary associations, the society changed its name, and was there- 
after known as the " Woman's Soldiers' Aid Society of Northern Ohio, 
Branch of the Sanitary Commission." The branch was ordered to report to 
Dr. Newberry, Associate Secretary of the West. The number of articles 
received or made in the society in the first six months was nearly 70,000. 

The floating hospitals that sped upon western and southern rivers in 1862 
and '63 were, on several occasions, entirely freighted with the stores of the 
Cleveland branch, or with goods purchased by its authority at Cincinnati ; a 
portion of the Marine Hospital was opened for the reception of disabled sol- 
diers through its influence ; and a temporary Soldiers' Home was established 
for the convenience and comfort of passing regiments. In the fall of 1863, 
$2,000 were obtained ifor the special purpose of building an immense perma- 
nent Home : such a structure was put up, and soon afterwards gave meals and 
shelter to about two thousand soldiers a month. 

The official reports of this society furnish the following incident : 

" Every Saturday morning finds Emma Andrews, ten years of age, at the 
rooms of the Aid Society, with an application for work. Her little basket is 
soon filled with pieces of half-worn linen, which, during the week, she cuts 
into towels or handkerchiefs, and returns, neatly washed and ironed, at her 
next visit. Her busy fingers have already imade two hundred and twentv- 
nine towels, and the patriotic little girl is still earnestly engaged in her 
work."' 

The Women's Eelief Association of Poughkeepsie, New York, was 
organized on the 24th of April, 1861, and has been in steady operation since 
that time, receiving the constant support of the people of the city, and regular 
contributions from aid societies in Dutchess and Ulster Counties. The follow- 
ing ladies have, at different times, sei-ved as officers of the association: 

Presiderits, 

Mks. John Thompsox, Mks. Wixthrop Atwill, 

" Wm. Henry Crosby, James Wixslow. 



POUrrllKEEPSIE AND EAST CAMBRIDGE. 117 

Treas^irers, 
Miss Sarah M. Carpenter, Miss Mart Johnston, 

Miss Mary V. Parker. 

Secretaries, 
Mrs. Henry L. Young, Miss Sarah Smith, 

Miss Jdlia N. Crosby. 

Vice-Presidents, 

Mrs. Benson J. Lossing, Mrs. Richard Batley, 

" Wm. Uenry Crosby, " George Wilkinson, 

" Wm. S. Morgan, " Joseph Wright, 

" James Emott, " Edward Van Valkenbuegh, 

" J. G. Parker, " George Innis, 

" Winthrop Atwill, " H. G. Eastman. 

The society has received, in cash, about $4,000, and had forwarded on 
February 1st, 1866, for hospital and army use, one hundred and twenty-four 
boxes and barrels, of the estimated value of $13,500. 

The Poughkeepsie Fund for the Eelief of Soldiers' Families, which was 
placed originally in the hands of a gentlemen's committee, was not long ago 
transferred to the Women's Association, a committee of which was appointed 
to attend to its disbursement. The amount raised for this object, since the 
commencement of the war, is nearly $25,000. 

Immediately after the battle of Gettysburg, a special committee of the 
citizens of Poughkeepsie was appointed to caiTy relief to the sufferers. About 
$2,000 were raised in view of this particular need. 

The ladies of East Cambridge, Massachusetts, met for the first time in 
April, 1861, to fit out Company A of the Massachusetts Sixteenth with flannel 
shirts, socks, towels, handkerchiefs, &c. For more than a year from this time, 
though a great deal of work was done, little or no account was kept of it or of 
its value. An organization was effected in September, 1862, the society — Mrs. 
R. J. Knight, President — numbering four hundred members, two hundred and 
thirty of whom were ladies. From tliis date to April, 186i, all its supplies 
were sent to the Sanitary Commission ; since April, they have been divided 
equally between the Sanitary and Christian Commissions. 

The following table will show from what sources the East Cambridge 
Society has drawn its funds : 

April, ISHl. Subscriptions to fit out Company A, Sixteenth Regiment $327 39 

" Collection in Baptist Society 150 00 

" " in Pniversalist Society 200 00 

" " in Methodist " 120 00 



118 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

April, ISni. Collection in Unitarian Society $472 45 

" "in Orthodox " 1 25 00 

" Individual donations 1,000 00 

" Grammar schools' contribution 300 00 

18('i2. Assessments, subscriptions, and collections 709 25 

April, 18G4. Proceeds of a social levee 618 00 

Nov., •• Church collections for a Thanksgiving dinner for soldiers' families. . 142 05 

.Tan., 1805. Proceeds of a dramatic entertainment for soldiers and cliildren 150 00 

" " Proceeds of an entertainment given by the Shakspearo class 200 00 

Total $4,604 14 

The Soldiers' Aid Association of IIartfokd, Connecticut, was organ- 
ized in May, 1861 ; its object was declared to be "the supjjlying of Connecti- 
cut soldiers with articles of necessity and comfort not provided by govern- 
ment." Its operations were at first conducted upon this plan; but, in its 
third year, the society, having found it to its advantage, and to that of 
Connecticut soldiers, to dispense its stores through the Sanitary Commission, 
sent more than half of its collections through that channel. Indeed, in the 
year 1863, out of the twenty-five Connecticut regiments in the field, only six 
of them received special donations from the Hartford Society. The following 
table shows the destination of the one hundred and seventy-seven boxes sent 
out by it during the year 1863 : 

To the Sanitary Commis.sion 100 

To ten United States hospitals 26 

To Connecticut Relief Association, Wasliington 18 

To N. E. Relief Association, New York 2 

To Christian Commission 4 

To six Connecticut regiments 18 

To NineteeTith Regiment, U. S. Colored Troops 1 

Special relief 8 

Total 177 

Of the one hundred cases sent to the Sanitary Commission, twenty-three 
contained dried fruits, jellies, i^reserves, jjicklcs, wine, and spirits. The 
wives and children of soldiers, not only in Hartford but elsewhere, were the 
recipients of the eight special relief boxes. From Mrs. Cowen's report for the 
year 1863 we make the following extract upon financial matters : " We find 
ourselves at the close of the year without a single unpaid obligation, with a 
small stock of materials still on hand, and a goodly balance in our treasury. 
We have also pledged to us for the coming year, in monthly subscriiDtions, 
not less than five hundred dollars per month, and, while our expenses average 
a thousand, we may safely rely ujion casual contributions to make itp that 



HARTFORD AID SOCIETY. 



119 



amount. To our steadfast friend, Mr. Alfred Smith, we owe this system of 
monthly payments, which, headed by himself in the noble sura of six hun- 
dred dollars per annum, has been extended and made more jDractical by the 
efficient exertions of Colonel Bunce, Mr. 
Cornish, Mr. Eobinson, and others." 

The society acknowledged its indebted- 
ness to Mr. Allyn and Gen. Hillyer, for 
rooms rent free ; to the Hartford Steamboat 
Company, for gratuitous transportation ; and 
to city expresses for the use of their wagons 
without charge. The following was the list 
of officers for the year 1863-4 : 




-^s%-4- 



First Directress, Mrs. Sidney J. Cowen. 
Second " " Roswell Brown. 

Third " " A. F. Hastings. 

Secretary and Assistant Treasurer, 
Mrs. S. J. Cow EN. 



Recording Secretary, 


Miss S. L. Blanciiaed. 




Treasurer, 


Me. 


F. A. Beown. 




Managers, 


Mes. J. n. AsnMEAD, 


Mrs. p. .Ieweh, 


" M. II. BrELL, 


" AVm. T. Lee, 


" Wm. Boaedman, 


" D. Phillips, 


" G. I. Beown, 


" W. W. Roberts, 


" E. COI-EMAN, 


" N. Starkweather, 


" F. ClIAMBERLIN, 


" Alltn S. Stillman, 


" N. COLTON, 


" H. L. Sdmnee, 


" Foster, 


" W. T. Steickland, 


Miss L. Gillette, 


" C. A. Taft, 


Mrs. a. G. Hammond, 


Miss Maey Talcott, 


Miss Harbison, 


" Jane Woodbeidge, 


Mrs. Tiieron Ives, 


Mrs. Oswin Wells, 


" J. F. JrDD, 


" T. J. Work. 



The cash donations for 1863 were as follows: 



From auxiliary societies $1,400 21 

" Tableaux I,fi21 IS 

" Xew Britaiu 1,324 25 

" Alfred Smith 800 00 

" H. C. Beckwith 075 00 



From Owen, Day & Root 


. $500 


00 


'• Conn. Vols., 22(1 Reg... 


463 


04 


" Lee, Sisson & Co 


300 


00 


" I);iy, Griswolfl & Co 


200 


00 


'■ Thomas Smith 


175 


00 



120 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



From Mrs. Warbiirton $150 00 

" Collins Brothers & Co. . . . 150 00 

" n. A. Perkins 125 00 

" Mrs. James Goodwin .... 125 00 

" balance of Commissary 

fnnds, by G. P. Bissell. . 115 00 

" J. G. Batterson 100 00 

" Thomas Belknap 100 00 

" Kobert Bnell 100 00 

" Charles II. Brainard 100 00 

" James G. Bolles 100 00 

" Beach & Co 100 00 

" Joseph Church 100 00 

" David Clark 100 00 

" Mr. Niles 100 00 

" E. Flower 100 00 

" Wm. II. Green 100 00 

" James Goodwin 100 00 

" Ilungerford & Cone 100 00 

" nillyer & Bunce 100 00 

" Hunt, Holbrook & Barber 100 00 

" E. K Kellogg & Co 100 00 

" Henry Kency 100 00 

" ^^'m. T. Lee 100 00 

" -C. M. Pond 100 00 

" Starr, Burkett & Co 100 00 

" F.Tyler 100 00 

" Robert Watkinson 100 00 

" Calvin Day 100 00 

" E. R. Goodridge & Co ... . 91 74 

" D. Phillips 90 00 

" Bolles, Sexton & Co 75 00 

" Cheney Brothers 75 00 

'• James L. Howard & Co.. . 75 00 

" L. C. Ives 75 00 

" N. Kingsbury 75 00 

" J. C. Parsons 75 00 

" President Eliot 70 00 

" Avails of Children's Fair . 61 66 

" Mrs. Russell Bunce 60 00 

" Leonard Church GO 00 

Total 



From J. B. Hosmer 

" A Friend, Mrs. T 

" Lucius Barber 

" Judge Ellsworth 

" E. Fessenden 

" Mrs. E. Flower 

" John Hooker 

" P. Jewell & Sons 

" J. F. Judd & Co 

" George Perkins 

" Charles Seymour 

" N. Shipman 

" S. G. Tuttle 

" Miss Mary W. Wells . . . 

" Samuel Mather 

" Invalid Dinner 

" Miss Ellen Watkinson . 

" Oswin Wells 

" Smith, Bourne & Co. . . 

" Mrs. T. S. Williams 

" Edward Wells 

" John Beach 

" Jonathan Bunce 

" Mrs. Leonard Church . . 

" C. 0. Lyman 

" Talcott & Post 

" Mrs. Edwin S. Tyler... 

" C. S. Weatherby& Co. 

" Lieut. -Col. Burnham. . . 

" Foster & Co 

" Appleton R. Hillyer . . . 

" Mrs. C. T. Hillyer 

" Miss Lusk 

" W. N. Matson 

" Aaron Pierson 

" L. H. Porter 

" S. S. Ward 

" Mrs. Edwin Taylor . . . . 

" Mrs. L. F. Sargeant . . . 

All others 



$55 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
47 50 
45 00 
40 00 
37 50 
30 00 
30 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
20 00 
20 00 
20 00 
20 00 
20 00 
20 00 
20 00 
20 00 
20 00 
20 00 
20 00 

564 74 



.$13,252 42 



On the loth of May, 1861, a meeting of the ladies of Lockport, New York, 
was held for the purpose of concerting measures to provide for the comfort of 
the four companies of the Thirty-eighth New York Eegiment, raised in Lock- 
port. On the 18th of June, the Ladies' Yolunteee Aid Society was organ- 
ized, with the following officers: Mrs. B. A. McNall, President; Mrs. James 
Ferguson, Vice-President; Mrs. E. Gridley, Secretary; Miss Julia A. Shuler, 



NE^\^3URG^ aid sociE'n'. 



121 



Treasurer. Some six montlis afterwards, Mrs. Ferguson became President, Mrs. 
Dr. Caldwell, Vice-President, and Mrs. Cliarles Craig, Secretary. These ladies, 
with Miss Shuler as Treasurer, continued in office to the end of the war. The 










^A 



i' 



^^'1 



// 



irrr 














/^ 



-iX.^S£J^is 




't.W 



6TUAWBEBRY FESTIVAL FOR THE SOLDIERS. 



society has sent the greater part of its supjjlies through the Sanitary Commis- 
sion, though it has done a vast deal of incidental work, such as furnishing 
particular regiments with necessaries, contributing stores to hospitals in Wash- 
ington, distributing relief among soldiers' flimilies, making collections in 
behalf of individuals specially needing or deserving assistance, and giving 
dinners and festivals to departing and returning regiments and batteries. 

The Soldiers' Aid Society of Newburgh, New York, was organized 
on the 30th of July, 1861. The fii-st box was sent to Washington, but the 
second, and thenceforward all its supplies, with an occasional exception, were 
sent to the Sanitary Commission, through the Women's Central Eelief Asso- 
ciation. In the winter of 1863 the society undertook to do something for the 
relief of soldiers' families, and has since given out all garments to their wives 



122 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

and daughters to make. It lias furuished ten thousand pieces of various 
kinds, and fifty boxes and barrels of wines, jellies, cordials, &c. The following 
is a list of its ofi&cers for 1865 : 

Preiident, 
Mrs. a. D. Fokstth; 

Vice-President, 
Mrs. E. Hasbrouok ; 

Treasurer of Hospital Fund, 
Mrs. C. B. Heurtley; 

Treasurer of Family Relief Fund, 
Mrs. M. F. C. Strong; 

Secretary, 
Mrs. E. W. Saunders ; 

with a board of managers selected from the various churches. To two funds, 
for hospital and family relief, some $8,000 had, a short time since, been con- 
tributed. 

The Soldiers' Eelief Committee of Worcester, Massachusetts, was 
organized on the 1st of October, 1861, by the election of the following ofi&cers : 

President, 
Mrs. Charles WAsnauRN. 

Secretary, 
Mrs. E. C. B. Miller. 

Treasurer, 
Mrs. Wm. Dickinson. 

Two ladies from each religious society in the city formed the committees 
for cutting out work, making up packages, &c. The first year, eighty l)oxes 
and twelve barrels of clothing and hospital supplies were forwarded, the con- 
tents being about ten thousand articles, besides large quantities of delicate 
food. Numerous towns and villages were tributary to Worcester in this 
work. 

At the commencement of the second year, Mrs. Miller resigned, and Mrs. 
E. A. Goodwin became Corresponding Secretary, and Miss Mary Bigelow, 
Recording Secretary. During this year, one hundred and sixty-two boxes 
and barrels were sent to the front and to the several commissions, their con- 
ents being fourteen thousand articles. A Soldiers' Rest, consisting of two 
rooms, was established during this year. The rent was at first given by Mr. 



TOLEDO AID SOCIETY. 123 

Freeland, the owner of the building, and was afterwards paid by the city. 
The rooms were furnished from the proceeds of a collection ; the wages of 
the man in charge were paid by the Gentlemen's Relief Committee, and meals 
were sent with generous frequency from the refreshment saloon in the railroad 
station. 

During the third year, the number of boxes and barrels rose to two 
hundred and sixty, and the number of articles contained in them to fifteen 
thousand. The number of towns and villages acting as auxiliaries was con- 
stantly increasing, till they were no less than fifty-five. The following table 
gives a \ievf of the sources upon which the society drew, and of the extent to 
which their calls were honored : 

FiKST Year. 

From individual subsoi'iptions §286 44 Fi'oin private tlieatricals $75 54 

" Gentleiiieirs Relief Fund. .. . 87 75 " children's concert 5 00 

" Churclies 40 10 " collection box 32 64 

" adjoining towns 30 00 

" ladies' levee 696 24 Total $1,259 71 

Second Yeak. 

From Gentlemen's Relief Fund . .$1,251 00 From other towns $162 58 

" the city 100 00 " Sons of Temperance 11 05 

" private theatricals 375 00 " First Unitarian Society 25 00 

" calico ball 29191 " individuals 371 85 

" dancing school exhibition. . 39 44 " little girls' fairs, &c 22 04 



Charlton 150 00 



Total $2,699 87 



$23 27 


231 


47 


543 


41 


196 


80 


17 


30 



Third Year. 

From Worcester County Fair $3,158 00 From a lecture by Capt. Hussey.. 

" Sales at Rest 47 15 " interest on bonds 

" Gentlemen's Relief Fund. 70 38 " individuals 

" Children's Fair 28 40 " collection box 

" Schools 4 41 " Clappville, &c 

" All Saints' Church 46 00 

Total $4,367 19 

The Soldiers' Aid Society of Toledo, Ohio, was organized on the 9th 
of October, 1861, and at once became an auxiliary of the Cleveland Branch 
of the Sanitary Commission. The following was the board of officers for the 

first year: 

President, 
Mrs. S. a. Raymond. 

Vice- Prcn ideii Is. 
Mrs. J. N. Stevens. Mi;s. E. Perigo. 



124 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Treax^ireriii 
Mrs. 0. E. "Winans (resigned in May), Miss E. R. Bissell. 

Secretaries, 
Mes. Alex. Reed, Recording Secretary (resigned in May), 
Mus. M. R. Waite. Mrs. J. R. Osborne, Cor. Sec'y. 

Directors. 

Mrs. Wm. Krat-s, Toledo. Mrs. Ensigjj, East Toledo. 

" A. D. Pelto.v, " " Crane, " " 

" E. P. Bassett, " " Wm. Taylor, Java, Lncas Co. 

" D. Steele, " Miss Tract, Treniainsville. 

" W. Baker, " Mrs. G. W. Reynolds, Maumee. 

" D. E. Merrill, " " Limberick, " 

" Dr. Bigelow, " Miss Dix, " 

" M. Ratiibun, " Mrs. Perrin, Perrysbnrg. 

Miss K. Shoemaker, " " Westcott, " 
" L. Bkonson, " 

This society has been, from the first, a most efficient one, and has shown 
as much tact in obtaining money as judgment in disbursing it. Now by a 
Continental Tea Party, anon by a Union Eally, and throughout the war by 
memberships and donations, they have kept their exchequer full ; and they 
have as pertinaciously sought to empty it. Once it was empty, or would 
have been, had not a gentleman, who was then, is now, and perhaps always 
will be unknown, given five hundred reasons for believing the contrary. It 
is plain that however numerous the bayonets the city may have sent forth, at 
least one Toledo blade was left at home. Mrs. J. T. Newton was President 
of the society during its second and third years. 

The first action taken in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in aid of the army, was the 
holding of a meeting of ladies on the 19th of October, 1861. They adopted 
the name of Ladies' Association of Milwaukee for the Aid of Military Hospi- 
tals ; afterwards, when events showed that aid could be as efifectually rendered 
to the soldier at the front as to the invalid in the hospital, this was changed 
to that of Soldiers' Aid Society of Milwaukee. 

The following officers were chosen for the first year : 

President, 
Mrs. C. a. Keeler. 

Vice- Pres ide n ts, 
Mrs. Alex. Mitchell, Mrs. Vi". B. IIibbard. 

Recording Secretary, 
i[RS. William .Jackson. 



MILWAUKEE AID SOCIETY. 



125 



Mrs. J. P. T. Inoraham, 

" Castleman, 

" A. Green, 

" A. J. AlKENS, 

" J. A. Lapham, 

" R. D. Jennings, 

" W. Burke, 

" Chas. Cain, 

" W. L. Hinsdale, 

" T. M. GWYNN, 

" 0. C. Own, 



Corresponding Secretary, 
Mrs. JosEi'ii S. Colt. 

Treasurer, 
Mrs. John Nazro. 

Managers, 

Mrs. M. FiNcit, 
" .J. Iniiuscii, 
" R. Austin, 
" Waldo, 
" Nash, 

Miss Bradford, 

Mrs. Geo. II. Walker, 
" Button, 
" Delafield, 
" G. P. Hewitt, 
" W. D. Love, 

" HUBBELL, 



Mrs. Furlono, 

" B. McVlCKAR, 

" Shanks, 

" Wm. Allen, 

" Staples, 

" James IIolton, 

" Tweedy, 

" W. Sanderson, 

" Odt, 

" Jas. IIosford, 

" S. 11. Martin. 



Wisconsin being a large and, of course, sparsely settled state, it required 
time to establish auxiliaries in tlie numerous and widely separated towns, 
villages, and neighborhoods, and to enter into relations with them as the 
central society. This was effected, however- — in a gi-eat degree through the 
zeal of Mrs. Colt, the Corresponding Secretary — and in 1804 three hundred 
Aid Societies sent their offerings through the parent association ; these 
consisted of no less than two thousand nine hundred and eighteen boxes, 
containing clothing and stores of the value of §50,000. Wisconsin bore an 
honorable part also in the fairs at Chicago, St. Louis, and Dubuque. The 
following summary, from a late official report, speaks for itself. 

" We have sent supplies to the hospitals in our state, particularly to the 
Harvey Hospital, in which we take a ^^eculiar interest. 

"Our commission gave to every wounded man that could be reached after 
the battle of Resaca a fresh orange or lemon, to assuage the burning thirst 
which invariably follows wounds. 

" We have poured down the Cumberland, Tennessee, and Mississippi, from 
Wisconsin, two thousand eight hundred and ninety-seven barrels of pickles 
and other anti-scorbutics, upon the first call. In six months our gifts have 
amounted to more than $25,000 in value, and tiiis from a state with no large 
cities and not a rich poj)ulatiori. 

"The gentlemen of Milwaukee, with their usual generosity, have stood by 
us, believed in us, and, more essential than all, sujiported us nobly. 

" Our auxiliaries have responded at once to all our calls, and they have been 



126 THE TRIBUTE 13O0K. 

mauy ; at least nine hundred circulars have in three months been sent to 
every part of the state, and not in vain. 

" We have carefully repacked every article, looking them over with much 
interest, knowing how much of heart and touching tenderness there was in 
every box. Every barrel of late potatoes was opened, assorted, and the eyes 
rubbed off, before going to the hospitals. 

" We have paid §967 for soldiers' families in transitu and various purchases 
not included in hospital supplies. 

"It will be seen by the Treasurers report, that with the capital given us, 
with the help of auxiliaries, we have produced large results. It will also be 
seen that, without a fair, Wisconsin gives the Sanitary Commission, through 
the Northwestern Branch, at least $50,000 or $60,000 a year. 

" There are several important places that on account of locality send 
directly to Chicago, and they are not reported here, which would no doubt 
swell the aggregate value to several thousand more." 

The following statement, that of the year 1864, will show from what 
sources the Milwaukee Society derives its ready money, with which to furnish 
auxiliaries with material, to purchase anti-scorbutics, and to move and apply 
the stores thus obtained : 

From weekly and monthly contrilmtions and donations from the citizens of 

Milwaukee $8,683 95 

" Thanksgiving offerings 109 00 

" soldiers' aid societies, 1st six months 832 14 

" » " 2d " 873 15 

" churches 195 30 

" church festivals 64 13 

" Mr. G. H. McVickar, of the Chicago Theatre 100 00 

" a concert at Grand Rapids 11 00 

" an amateur entertainment at Milwaukee 479 25 

" the young men of Racine College 81 50 

" the Skating Park Fund 99 18 

" Fond du Lac 400 00 

" Mr. James E. Murdoch's two lectures for soldiers' wives and families 397 38 

" all other sources 886 92 

Total $13,212 90 

The name of Mr. James E. Murdock occurs in the above table, in which 
he is reported to have given the proceeds of two readings, nearly $400, to the 
Milwaukee Society. The efforts of Mr. Murdock, with whose career as an 
actor and elocutionist all are familiar, to rouse the enthusiasm of the young 
men of the countrv, and to sustain it when exposed to discouragement, his 



MR. MURDOCK'S READINGS. 



127 



labors in behalf of tlie aid societies from one end of tlic land to the other, 
entitle him to more than this passing notice. Mr. Murdock arrived at Pitts- 
burgh, to fulfil a professional engagement, during the week whicli followed the 
attack upon Fort Sumter. He there learned that his youngest son had enlisted 




MR. MIIRDUCK ItKADlNU To SULDIEItS IN A HOSPITAL. 



in a regiment of Zouaves, and was on his way to Washington. He threw up 
his engagement and hastened after liim. He overtook him at Lancaster, and 
finding him resolved to persevere in his course, confirmed his determination 
by giving him his blessing. The regiment called upon Mr. Murdock for a 
speech, and the remarks which he made in reply had, whatever their influence 
upon others, a remarkable effect upon himself The counsel he gave to his 
audience he took to heart, and having preached, determined to practise. He 
abandoned his profession, resolved to devote his time and energies to the cause 
of his coimtry until the restoration of union and peace. This resolution he 
has religiously adhered to. No man has done more, by reading and delivering 
patriotic poems and war lyrics, to raise the enthusiasm of his hearers ; no man 
has done more, by recitations in the hospitals, to sustain and fortify against 
despondency the sick and wounded; and no man has done as rnuuli in aid of 



128 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

the treasuries of relief and benevolent associations, by exercising a special 
profession in their behalf. Mr. Murdock's readings have sent many a recruit 
to the armies, have nerved him in the hour of danger, and comforted him in 
time of suffering. Since the war commenced, Mr. Murdoch has read or spoken 
before at least three hundred thousand persons ; he has recited " The Sleeping 
Sentinel" almost under the enemy's guns, and told the story of " The Cumber- 
land" to men who forgot their hunger in their emotion, and who waved defiance 
with their crutches. There is hardly an aid society in the North that has not 
been indebted to one of Mr. Murdock's entertainments for sums varying from 
fifty to three hundred dollars, and the aggregate can be told only by tens of 
thousands. Mr. Murdoch has published a small book of extracts from his 
lectures and readings for the benefit of soldiers' families. 

The son from whom Mr. Murdoch parted at Lancaster was successively 
made lieutenant and captain, for gallantry at Shiloh and Stone Eiver. He 
fell at the head of the line of battle at Chickamauga, and lies buried under the 
sod of that bloody field. An elder brother, captain at Chickamauga, came out 
of that terrible struggle alive, but so shattered in health that he was compelled 
to leave the army. Mr. Murdoch himself has been in the thirty days' service, 
and has acted upon the staff of General Eousseau. In November, 1864, Mr. 
Murdoch received an ovation at the hands of the Cincinnatians, and a flag at 
the hands of General Hooker. " Not a sanitary commission in the west," said 
the mayor, on this occasion, " but has had its stores increased by the labors of 
Mr. Murdoch; not a hospital but has been, directly or indirectly, strengthened 
in its usefulness by his unfaltering endeavors." 

The Ladies' Union Aid Society of Auburn, New York, was organised 
on the 21st of October, 1861. The following ladies have served as its ofiScers 
from time to time : as President, Mrs. Hewson and Mrs. Merriman ; as Vice- 
President, Mrs. B. F. Hall, Mrs. Cox, and Mrs. Titus ; as Treasurer, Mrs. 0. F. 
Knapp and Mrs. Perry ; as Secretary, Mrs. P. P. Bishop and Mrs. C. P. Under- 
wood. Miss Lillie Condit was made assistant secretary in the 'second year. 
The first managers were : 

Mus. Nelson, Mi:s. Oobh, Mns. Pomerot, 

" Cornell, " Chedell, " Bartlett. 

Since its foundation, the society has collected about $7,500 in money, and 
has received, prepared, and forwarded some $13,000 worth of supplies. A 
treasurer's report, taken at random — that for the third year, for instance — 
gives a glimpse of the society's resources : 



ALBANY RELIEF ASSOCL\TION. 



129 



Individual contributions $592 00 

Montldy collections 222 83 

Proceeds of Mr. Hisliop's Poem , . 73 60 

Donation from Mr. Clias. P. Wood 25 00 

Donation from St. Peter'.s Church 60 00 

Donation frcmi Methodist Church. 1-i 45 
Donation from the Universalist 

Church 52 TO 

Donation from Mr. (leorge Letch- 
worth 20 00 

Net proceeds of First and Second 

Concerts 2'JS 30 



SSO 00 



Donation from Young Men's Chris- 
tian Association '. 

Donation from Owasoo School Dis- 
trict 

Donation from Woolen Factory . . 

Donation from Mr. Knfus Sargent. 

Donation from Ilayden & Letch- 
worth 

Net proceeds of Third Concert. . . 

Donation from D. M. Osborn & Co. 

Net proceeds of Collation 516 20 



43 


00 


55 


00 


25 


Oil 


50 


00 


153 


8(1 


200 


OO 



Total $2,451 88 



The reader cannot be too often reminded that not a tithe of the total 
contributions of a city or town appears in the returns of its local aid or relief 
society. What is given to the several commissions forms, of course, part 
of their receipts, and appears in their acknowledgment ; but much has been 
done that has not been recorded, and much has been forgotten, whether 
recorded or not. 

On the 1st of November, 1861, a society of ladies called The Army 
Relief Association, was organized in Albany, New York, the members of 
the Executive Committee being as follows : 



Mk.s. E. D. Morgan, Prexiilent. 

" Wm. Barnes, Secrclanj. 

" Wm. B. Speaoue, 

" E. P. Rogers, 

" S. T. Seelte, 

" Ray Palmer, 

" Mark Trafton, 

" A. D. Mayo, 

" J. MoNAroiiTON, 

" CnAS. M. Jenkins, 



Mrs. Geo. II. Tiiacher, 
" Eli Perry, 
" Thomas IIun, 
'•'■ Jacob Lansing, 
" Ransom, 
" James Hall, 
" Otis Allen, 
" Geo. B. Steele, 
Miss C. Pruyn, 
Chas. B. Redfieli), Trensurer. 



This society has acted from the first as an auxiliary of the Sanitary Com- 
mission, and during its first year forwarded ninety-seven boxes of hospital 
stores and clothing, and among them one thousand pillow-cases, made by Miss 
Skerritt's pupils, and four hundred and forty sheets, made by the young ladies 
of the Female Academy. Over $1,000 were received from the churches of 
the city, by means of collections taken after the battles of South Mountain 
and Antietam. The cash receipts for the year were nearly $2,500. 

During the second year Mrs. Morgan resigned, and was succeeded by Mrs. 
Horatio Seymour. Seventy boxes were dispatched during this year, and 



130 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

$1,750 received. Early in 1863 the secretary of the society was appointed 
Associate Manager of the Sanitary Commission, and it became a part of her 
duty to ascertain whether there was a Soldiers' Aid Society in every town of 
Albany and Schoharie Counties, and to urge the formation of one where none 
existed, and to endeavor to make all, whether old or new, auxiliaries of the 
commission. A good deal of indifference was met and combated, and 
several societies were organized ; and in places where this proved impossible, 
two or three earnest women would be found, who would agree to collect 
supplies indi-vidually in their villages and send them to Albany. 

In the third year, the society received $15,000 of the proceeds of the Army 
Eelief Bazaar, $6,000 of which were expended in the purchase of material. 
Fifty-one boxes were forwarded. 

The Soldiers' Aid Society of Columbus, Ohio, was organized on the 
21st of October, 1861, as a branch of the Sanitary Commission. Its money 
receipts have been about $7,000 a year, and relief to soldiers' families has 
formed a large part of its work. The officers for 1864 were as follows: 

President, 
Mrs. W. I. KuHNS. 

Vice-Presidents, 
Mrs. S. J. Hayek, Mr8. L. J. Weaver. 

Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, 

Mrs. Mart C. Haxfokd, Mrs. Geo. TV. IIetl. 

Treasurer, 
Mrs. JosEi'ii II. Geiger. 

Purchasing Committee, 
Me8. Geo. Geiger, Mrs. Jas. Beebe, Mrs. Ales. Houston. 

Hospital Committee, 
Mrs. Dr. Jones, Mrs. IIayer. 

The New England Women's Auxiliaet Association was organized in 
Boston on the 12th of December, 1861, with the following board of officers : 

President, Vice-President, 

John Ware. Samuel G. Howe. 

Secretary, Treasurer, 

RuFus Ellis. George Higgixson. 

The object was to centralize the efforts of the women of New England, 
and to draw them into closer communion with the Sanitary Commission — 



THE NEW ENGLAND WOMEN'S ASSOCIATIOX. 131 

not only to augment the products of their labor, but to guide them into what 
was believed to be the most direct channel of communication with the army. 
During the year seven hundred and fifty auxiliary societies were fomied in 
the towns, villages, and neighborhoods of New England, all zealous in 
collecting money and donations, in cutting and making soldiers' clothing, and 
in forwarding them to the central society in Boston. Correspondence was 
maintained with each subordinate association, information received from 
Washington was circulated at once throughout the country, and every sewing- 
circle was duly informed of wliat were the prospective needs of the army, 
so that no unnecessary stitches might be set. Nearly one hundred associate 
managers were appointed, one, and in some cases two, for every considerable 
town in the New England States. These ladies came into personal relations 
with thousands who could not have been as effectively reached by letter, 
combating and dispelling doubts, meeting and courting inquiry, and reporting 
progress to head-quarters. Ladies and gentlemen met daily at 22 Summer 
Street, to unpack, assort, repack and forward stores. Other ladies met to cast 
accounts, to keep formidable records of debt and credit, to write letters by the 
hundred, to acknowledge the receipt of boxes innumerable. 

The rooms occupied by the association brought their owner no rent ; the 
barrels and boxes sent from Summer Street paid the railroad and express 
companies no freight. During the first year the Industrial Committee cut 
over 34,000 articles, giving them out to sewing-circles or to jjoor seamstresses, 
the latter being paid for their work, but not from the funds of the association. 
Many persons who had already given the material, gave the labor also, by 
proxy ; and, in these cases, the needle-women received a fair living price for 
their work. The association forwarded some 325,000 articles, receiving from 
individuals and societies, from musical, theatrical and other entertainments, 
and from children's fairs, a little over $29,000. It had also been entnisted 
with $3,000 by the Sanitary Commission for the purchase of material. 

During the second year, the association forwarded 255,000 articles, 
diistributed 42,000 pamphlets, and received $65,000. The Industrial Com- 
mittee cut 29,000 pieces — a piece being now a bed-sack, now a shirt, now 
a pair of slippers, now a sheet, now a pair of drawers, and now a pillow-case. 
The material for the 29,000 articles cost $27,000, the labor, as before, costing 
nothing, or if a portion was paid for, it was not a matter for official record. 
The operations of the society during the third and a part of the fourth years 
proceeded on a scale somewhat larger than during the first and second. 

From a monthly report of Abby W. May, Chairman of the Executive 



i:-i2 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Committee, we make the following extract, which we believe no man can read 
without profit, and which will enlarge the ideas of some men as much as 
would the European tour : 

" The second month of the new year has passed very quietly, leaving us 
nothing new or strange to record. Our work has gone steadily on in New 
England ; and from the Canada line — sometimes indeed overrunning the 
boundaries — 'to our Southern borders, from the most eastern snow-banks of 
Maine to our western limit, have come well-filled boxes, 2'43 in all, of 
comforts for the soldiers and sailors of our mighty army. Each day the ever- 
welcome postman has brought us the pile of letters, full of intelligence, of 
sympathy and of determination, which daily strengthen us anew for our 
work, and fill us with rejoicings, for the soldiers' sake, that such an interest in 
their welfare is so fully established everywhere in our land. 

"Does some one sneeringly say 'we are very far in the rear?' No! we 
deny tlie rebuff. The women of America have stood ready to go into the 
fore front of the battle. Their sympathies, their prayers have been there. 
Who will dare to say this is of small account in the fighting power of our 
men ? They have been present in person on the field, where need of their 
services existed. Witness the labors of Amy Bradley, of Helen Gilson, of 
' Mother Bickerdyke,' and many another Florence Nightingale of America. 
They have blessed scores of hospitals with their quiet ministrations. And 
hundreds of women have stood, and still stand, ready to do similar service, 
whenever the need occurs. But they have been the fortunate few whose 
presence has been needed on the field — the one in a thousand. What have 
the other nine hundred and ninety-nine been doing? Almost to a woman they 
have labored faithfully at home, giving money when they had it to give — 
giving costlier and more jirecious offerings of time and thought and strength 
to the cause that is as dear to the women as to the men of America. 

" Does it seem to savor a little of self-glorification tliat we, a committee of 
women, should speak thus of woman's part in our great contest ? We can 
only say we have no such thought or feeling. Our work is easy — a privilege, 
not a sacrifice. But we long to do justice to the women's work as it comes 
before our eyes, as it is confided to our hands. We long to tell to every one 
what our letters and the contents of the boxes tell to us. It is a story 
unmatched, we believe, certainly unsurpassed in the life of the race — full of 
simplicity, sincerity, and heartiness, whose details can never be told, but 
whose result is a daily blessing to all wlio share in it, and an inheritance of 
which coming generations may well be proud." 



THE RTIi'tDE IS^LAND RELIEF ASSOCIATION. 133 

And if The Tribute Book shall prove of any assistance, even the slightest 
in collecting and preserving for the use of the historian any of the fugitive 
chronicles that might otherwise be lost, its purpose will be fully attained. 

Mr. R. M. Larned's first annual report of the Rhode Island Relief 
Association, made October 29th, 1862, was for several reasons a peculiarly 
interesting document, the vicinity of the Portsmouth Grove Hospital to its 
head-quarters, at Providence, rendering it especially so. The report stated that 
$8,000 in cash had been received and expended, and that four thousand men 
at the hospital had been cared for. A large number of very sick soldiers had 
been sent, by mistake, to this hospital, before the government had made any 
preparation for their reception. The whole labor and responsibility was thus 
thrown upon the Rhode Island Agency, and their duties, which were intended 
to be merely sujjplementary, were made to include the entire supply and cariy- 
ing on of the hospital. Fortunately, they were equal to the burden thus un- 
expectedly thrown upon them. In four months they furnished Portsmouth 
Grove, in round numbers, with 1,000 sheets, 4,000 cotton shirts, 1,300 woolen 
undershii-ts, 2,100 pairs of cotton and woolen drawers, 1,100 pairs of woolen 
socks, 3,300 towels, 700 beds, 700 pairs of shoes and slippers, 3,500 
combs, &c., &c. Having thus supplied the wardrobe, they were obliged to 
furnish the larder also. Chests of tea, kegs of pepper, barrels of sugar, 
boxes of lemons, 50 barrels of onions, 1,300 pounds of codfish, 60 barrels of 
alppes, 18 boxes of soap, that should have been bought by the government, 
were sent without charge by the agency. Mrs. J. J. Cooke, of Elmwood, 
sent three barrels of tomatoes every day during the season. In addition to this 
work at Portsmouth Grove, the agency forwarded to the central ofiice, at 
Washington, 321 packages, valued at about $40,000. The only item of 
expense charged to the commission during this year of extraordinary labor 
was fifteen dollars, paid to the porter for packing goods. 

From the date of the above report, in October, '62, to May, '63, when Mr. 
Larned's department was restricted to the collecting and disbursing of cash 
donations, boxes containing supplies valued at $10,000 were sent to Wash- 
ington and elsewhere. In May, the supply depai-tment was united with the 
corresponding department of the Ladies' Volunteer Relief Association 
of Providence, a society founded in August, 1861, to minister to the wants 
of the soldiers, in the first place, and in the second, to furnish employment to 
poor women, especially the wives of soldiers, by taking contracts from the 
government. From the organization of the society to the period when the 
two societies were united, nearly two years, 126 cases of garments and hospital 



134 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

supplies were sent to Ehode Island regiments in the field, to hospitals in 
Washington, to Portsmouth Grove, and to the Sanitary Commission. 

After the battle of Shiloh, several thousand dollars were obtained by 
subscription in Providence, and expended in the purchase of cloth. This 
was made into garments by the ladies of the association, and sent to the 
Western army. Portsmouth Grove Hospital and the Invalid Corps in 
barracks were furnished with well-stocked libraries. 

The two societies, when merged together, were known as the Ehode Island 
Eelief Association, auxiliary to the Sanitary Commission, and the various 
city and state societies were invited to affiliate with it; a large portion 
acceded to the request, the Newport Aid Society, however, preferring to act 
independently, as before. The last report of Mrs. Abby W. Chace, President 
of the Ehode Island Eelief Association, estimates the value of the work done, 
supplies furnished, and money raised by her society, at $ 77,750. 

The Fifth Ward Volunteer Eelief Association" of Providence, Mrs. 
Sai'ah Ann Cook, Secretary, was formed immediately after the battle of Bull 
Eun, being the first organization of the kind in Ehode Island. Up to January 
1st, 1865, it had forwarded to the army $ 9,000 worth of supplies. 

The Old Cambridge Sanitary Society was organized in October, 1861, 
and has been from the first an auxiliary of the Boston branch. It had, at the 
commencement of 1865, collected, packed, and forwarded one hundred and 
fifty-nine boxes, barrels, and bundles, and had occasionally sent a package of 
linen or lint to St. Louis. Its money collections have been about $9,000. 
Two circles of young ladies, the Slipper Circle and the Handkerchief Circle, 
have been very efficient in their peculiar sphere- — or, as we might say, in the 
circumference of their duties. The society was reorganized in 1865, the fol- 
lowing officers being chosen : 

President, 
Mes. Asa Gray. 

Treasurer, Secretary, 

Mrs. J. P. Cooke. Miss Eliot. 

Executice Committee, Purcliasing Committee, 

Mrs. H. W. Paine, Mhs. A. K. P. Welch, 

Miss Foster. Miss Francis. 

Finance Committee, 

Mrs. Stackpole, Mrs. Anable, 

" J. W. Merrill, " Wm. Read, Jr., 

" John' Bartlett, " A. K. P. Welch, 



MICHIGAN AID SOCIETY. 135 

Mes. G. S. Saunders, Miss Nohtox, 

" Gaedxei; WiiiTK, Miis. George M. Osgood, 

" II. L. HiGGixsoN, Miss Whitman, 
" Ezra Dyer, " H. Torrey, 

" F. L. Chapman, " IIopkinsox, 

Miss Ropes, " S. Dana. 

The citizens of Detroit held a public meeting immediately after the battle 
of Bull Eun, to take measures for the relief of the sick and wounded. A 
number of gentlemen — F. Buhl, W. A. Butler, A. Dudgeon, Adjutaut-GeneKal 
John Robertson, and B. Veruor — were appointed a committee, to be known as 
the Michigan Soldiers' Relief Committee, whose duty it should be to 
disburse such money and stores as came into their hands to promote the 
comfort and efBciency of the army. At a late date they had received $12,500, 
and had disposed of three hundred and thirty-one boxes and two hundred 
and three barrels, containing the usual assortment of necessaries and luxuries. 
These five hundred and thirty-four packages had been received in four hun- 
dred shipments, and from one hundred and thirty-five different societies and 
places. 

The First Soldiers' Aid Society of Dayton, Ohio, was organized in 
October, 1861, Mrs. R. P. Brown being chosen President, and Mrs. Wilbur 
Conover, 'Secretary and Treasurer, and four ladies, Managers. Mrs. P. W. 
Davies was afterwards President, and Mrs. P. Holt, Secretary. The society has 
collected about $4,000 in money, and has prepared and forwarded one hundred 
and twenty-five boxes of stores, sixty-two of which were sent to the Cincinnati 
branch of the Sanitary Commission ; it has distributed work to the families of 
volunteers. The Second Soldiers' Aid Society was organized on the 7th 
of August, 1862; the average attendance has been fifty-five members : about 
twenty thousand articles have been furnished. 

The Soldiers' Aid Society of Detroit was organized on the 6th of 
November, 1861, by the appointment of the following officers : 

(.Counsellor, 
Dr. Z. Pitcher, U. S. Sanitary Commi.ssion. 

Pres ident, Vice- President. 

Mrs. Theodore Romeyn. Mrs. .John Owex. 

Treaaurer, 
Mrs. D. p. Bushnell; afterwards, Mrs. William N. Carpenter. 

Eecording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, 

Miss Sara T. Bingham. Miss Valeria Campbell. 



136 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

lu the summer of 1863 it enlarged its sphere of action, became a branch 
of the Sanitary Commission, and took the name of " Michigan Soldiers' Aid 
Society," meaning not a society for tlie aid of Michigan soldiers, but a Michi- 
gan society for the aid of American soldiers. " It is not for Michigan," says 
one of the Society's reports, " but for the country that our soldiers are fighting; 
and not Michigan soldiers alone, but those of every loyal state. The Sani- 
tary Commission strongly urges the advantage of sending supplies to be dis- 
tributed by them without distinction of individuals or states. It is better 
economy to have all supplies given out from a common stock. In many 
instances one regiment has had more than enough, while another has been in 
need. Often, too, a regiment, in breaking up camp, leaves its superfluous 
stores to be wasted or plundered. Still greater waste occurs from packages 
sent to particular regiments not reaching them, or being left behind when the 
regiment moves. The greater part of these losses would be prevented by fol- 
lowing the plan of the Sanitary Commission. Of goods the disposal of which 
has been left to us, the greater part has been sent for general use." 

Diu'ing the first year, the ladies of the society received some $1,600 and 
ninety-four boxes of clothing and stores from Detroit. They also received 
from the state one hundred and ninety-seven boxes, which they forwarded to 
Wheeling, Paducah, St. Louis, Washington, etc. These two hundred and 
ninety-one boxes contained twenty-eight thousand articles. The term " article" 
is as variable in Michigan as it is in Massachusetts. 

The number of articles distributed in the Detroit hospitals and shipped 
to the army by the society during its second year, was about sixty thousand. 
Its receipts for the third year were about $5,600, and one thousand two 
hundred and seventeen boxes and barrels of stores. The number of articles 
furnished was eighty -five thousand. In January, 1864, a Soldiers' Home was 
opened, and though sujoposed at the outset to be too large, proved much too 
small for the accommodation of those who applied for admittance. 

A meeting of all the Aid Societies of Michigan was held at Kalamazoo on 
the 23d of September, 1863. The object was to make their work more effec- 
tive by concentrating their efforts. It was resolved that the societies in the 
principal towns, and especially in the county towns, should correspond with 
others in the county, and aid in forming societies where none existed, and that 
each association in the state should send regular reports to the central organi- 
zation at Detroit. 

The ladies of Kalamazoo then gave an account of a band of young women 
of that town known as the Alert Club, who made it their business to call upon 




BUFFALO AID SOCIETY. 137 

] the citizens at their houses, to obtain promises of donations, to register these 
promises in a book, and to report to the society. Lists were then made out, 
and handed to the Minute Men ; 
these men were boys, many of them 
the brothers of the Alert Girls. 
They went round witli wheelbar- 
rows and wagons, collected the ar- 
ticles promised, and delivered them 
at head-quarters. 

The busy fingers which wasted 
so many stitches upon havelocks in 
the summer, turned their energies 
in a more useful direction as winter """"^^ "^^ "'' '^'^"■^""°- 

approached. Mrs. Samuel A. Frazer, of Duxbury, Massachusetts, who was in 
her ninety-third year in August, 18G1, was already knitting worsted stockings 
as fast as she could ply the needle. The venerable lady knew something of 
the terrors of winter in camps ; she remembered Valley Forge, and when seven 
years old, eighty-six years before, had used many a hank of woolen yarn for 
Washington's suffering army. The girls and teachers of the Wesleyan Female 
College, in Cincinnati, sent one thousand pairs of stockings to the Thirt3"-fifth 
i Ohio on the 19th of November. The Ladies' Military Blue Stocking Asso- 
/ ciation of New York, formed in October, for the purpose of procuring one 
thousand pairs, reported twelve hundred and ninety-two pairs on the lOtli of 
January. 

There was no organized effort in Buffalo, New York, during the first year 
of the war, for the collection and distribution of supplies. The General Aid 
Society for the Army was formed in December, 1861, upon the suggestion of 
Eev. Drs. Hosmer and Heacock, and Mr. S. B. Hunt, associate members of the 
Sanitary Commission. Operations were at once commenced, and such was 
the success met with in organizing auxiliary societies in the towns and villages 
of the western part of New York, that Buffalo soon became the channel 
through which the contributions of one hundred and seventy-two branches 
reached the objects of their common solicitude. The following were the first 
officers of the society : 

President, 
Mrs. Joseph E. Foi.i.ett. 

Vice-Presidents, 
Mks. John R. Lee, Mrs. Horatio Setmodb. 



138 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Treasurer, Recording Secretary, « 

Mrs. James P. White. Miss Grace E. Bird. 

Executive Committee, 
Mrs. Cyrus Athearx, Mrs. James Bratlet, 

Mrs. John Otto, Mrs. W. F. Miller, 

Mrs. Isaac A. Jones, Miss Susan E. Kimberly, 

Mrs. F. a. MoKnigut. 

The ladies received, during tlie first year, about $6,000, and some sixty- 
seven thousand articles, the value of which was not far from $40,000. 

The net receij^ts for 1863 were over $16,000, between seven and eight 
thousand being the proceeds of a bazaar held in June. The ofiicers of this 
bazaar were : Henry W. Eogers, President ; B. C. Rumsey and A. A. Eusta- 
phieve, 1st and 2d Vice-Presidents ; William Fiske, Treasurer ; and C. F. S. 
Thomas, Secretaiy. The society was also indebted to the Board of Trade for 
$1,300 ; to the Public School for $963 ; to an amateur concert for $610, &c., 
&c. Nearly seventy-three thousand articles were received, of the estimated 
value of $50,000. In 1861, the following interesting letter was received 
from the Catholic Bisliop of Buffalo : 

" Buffalo, May 17, 1864. 
" Madam, 

"The Sovereign Pontiff, Pope Pius IX., has, through his Eminence, 
Cardinal Barnabo, notified me that with the deepest sorrow and with the 
most fraternal interest he has heard of the number of gallant soldiers wounded 
in our many battles, and that he desires me to give, in his name, and out of his 
private purse, $500, as some aid to alleviate their sufferings. 

" Your truly providentially organized society has done very much to aid 
our wounded soldiers ; hence it seems to me that there can be no better 
means of accomplishing the kind and paternal wish of his Holiness, than to 
hand over to you this check for $500, with my humble and fervent prayers 
that God's blessing may not only rest on our gallant woimded soldiers, but 
also on the honored members of your Commission who aid them so gener- 
ously. 

" Accept the expressions of respect and esteem with which 
" I have the honor to be, 

" Your most obedient humble servant, 

" -f- John, 
''Bishop of Buffalo. 
"Mrs. Horatio Seymour, 

" President of B. U. S. Sanitayy Commissi on." 



KELIEF ASSOCIATION OF KOOIIKSTi':U. 139 

Without pursuing further the statistical history of this society, we may 
say that it has been a most efficient auxiliary of the Commission, and has 
rendered a worthy return from the rich district of Western New York. 

The Hospital Aid Society of Tauntox, Massachusetts, Mrs. A. F. 
Southgate, Secretary, was organized on the 17th of January, 18G2, a vast deal 
of unrecorded work having been done before that date. In three years it 
received and expended something over $5,000, and forwarded forty-five boxes 
of clothing and stores. 

The Soldiers' Aid Society of New London, Connecticut, Ann K. 
Almy, Secretary, has been, since the commencement of the year 1864, an 
efficient auxiliary of the Sanitary Commission, having done a great deal of 
independent work previously. 

The ladies of Eochester, New York, organized an aid society under the 
name of The Ladies' Hospital Eelief Association of Eochester, on the 
17th of January, 1862. The f >llowing officers were appointed : 

'President, 
Mrs. C. M. Cuktis. 

Vice-Preiidents. 

Mr.s. W. B. Williams, Mrs. L. Farrab, 

" W. W. Carr, " A. Gardiner, 

" E. G. Robinson, " F. Clarke. 

Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, 

Mrs. G. p. Townsend. Mrs. L. C. Smith. 

Treasurer, 
Mrs. S. B. Roist. 

Two directors were also appointed from each of the sixteen churches 
co-operating. The society worked, during the first year, upon a cash basis 
of nearly $2,500, obtained from the following sources : 

Cash from membership fees $20 50 Cash from Concert by the Arling- 

Aid Societies 29 45 ton & Donniker Min- 

" " churches and lodges, strels $50 00 

schools, &c 870 11 " " Concert by the Hutcli- 

" " individuals 577 47 inson Family 5 17 

" " Capt. Hill's lecture.... 20150 " " Tableau Festival and 

" " Concert by Prof. Black sale of a picture pre- 

and others 300 GO sontcd by Miss E. A. 

" " Light Guard Drill and Smith 75'J 04 

sale of Mrs. Can- 

field's picture 176 25 Total $2,400 01) 



140 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Large donations of stores and clothing were also received, so that the 
society, after devoting $1,800 to the purchase of material, and making this 
into garments, was enabled to send away during the year thirty-three bales, 
thirty-three boxes, thirty-six barrels, and forty-one kegs, containing an 
aggregate of twelve thousand five hundred articles and packages, besides 
large quantities of lint, compresses, and bandages. These were sent to the 
Western Sanitary Commission at St. Louis, to the Indiana Commission at 
Indianapolis, and to the hospitals in and around Washington. All reached 
their destination except one small box, lost during a raid of the enemy upon 
Alexandria. 

The following officers were appointed for the second official year : 

President, 
Mrs. W. B. Williams. 

Vice-PresideiiU, 
Mks. L. Faijeah, Mrs. H. A. Brewster. 



Recording Secretary, 
Mrs. G. p. Townsend. 

Treasurer, 
Mrs. a. S. Mann. 



Corresponding Secretary, 
Mrs. H. E. Hegeman. 

Superintendent of Eooms, 
Miss R. B. Long. 



There were also four directors from each of the twelve wards. The 
following is the table of receipts for the year : 

Cash from Aid Societies, etc. .. . $576 97 Cash from Carpenters and Join- 

•' " Churches 381 09 ers' Entertainment $80 00 

" " individuals and month- Cash from Sale of Oil Paintings 

ly subscrijitions. . . . 52 13 presented by James Harris. . . 80 00 

" '• Membership fees 12 25 Cash from Sale of Goods at 

" " Ool. McVickar's Leo- Rooms of Association 29 04 

ture 11 50 Cash from Treasurer of Bazaar. 10,319 82 

" " Prof. O'Learv's Lee- 

ture 34 95 Total $11,577 75 

One hundred and twelve packages were sent to the army and hospitals 
during the year, being divided among the Sanitary, Christian, and Western 
Sanitary Commissions. The receipts from the bazaar, coming in at the very 
close of the fiscal year, were invested in government bonds, to draw interest 
until needed. Of this bazaar we shall give a detailed account under the head 
of Sanitary Fairs. 

Little or no record was kept in Salem, Massachusetts, of the work done in 
aid of the armv during the first year of the war. We can only say that it was 



AID SOCIETY OF BRIDGEPORT. 



141 



large, and that it was well and willingly performed. In February, 1862, asso- 
ciate managers were appointed, to act in concert with the New England Branch 
of the Sanitary Commission. In February, 1864, a room was taken, and Mrs. 
Asahel Huntington, Mrs. George H. Chase, and Miss Harriet K. Lee, were 
chosen Associate Managers. From twenty-five to thirty-five boxes a year have 
been sent by the Salem Sanitary Society, and some of them must have been 
warmly welcomed, if we may judge by a list of their contents: "Sardines, 
canned duck, quail, soups, condensed milk, English mustard, tapioca, English 
breakfast tea, chocolate, sugar, and cayenne.'' This is a modern and benign 
form of Salem witchcraft. 

During the first year of the war a society, composed almost exclusively of 
young ladies, labored for the soldiers in Augusta, Maine, and with eff'ect. But 
few records of their operations remain. In April, 1862, the Ladies' Aii> 
Society was organized. Miss Abbie G. Burton being President, Miss Susan 
Brooks, Treasurer, and Miss Hannah B. Fuller, Secretary. They have re- 
ceived and disbursed some $3,500 in money, and have distributed about nine 
thousand articles ; in 1864 they furnished the hospitals of the neighborhood 
with twenty thousand yards of bandages. Their treasury was supplied princi- 
pally by the exertions of the members of the society, and by fairs and levees. 

The Soldiers' Aid Society of Bridgeport, Connecticut, was organized 
on the 25th of July, 1862. Its money receipts were over $2,600 in the first 
year. Through its influence a special fund was collected during the holidays 
of 1863— i, for the purpose of giving the Connecticut soldiers encamped along 
the South Carolina coast a Thanksgiving and Christmas dinner. The follow- 
ing sums were obtained : 



Check from New Britain $300 00 

Soldiers' Aid Society, Hartford . . 200 00 
Alfred E. Beach, Stratford 100 00 



Plymouth Hollow 

Elias Howe, Jr 

Nathaniel Wheeler 

P. T. Barnum 

S. H. Wales 

F. A. Benjamin, Stratford. 

Birmingham 

John Elton, Waterbury . . . 

Ansonia 

Wm. I). Bisliop 

Alvord & Wilson 

C. Spooner 



71 40 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 



Tot.al . 



Hayward & Bacon $25 00 

Jas. 0. Loomis 25 00 

Mrs. H. K. Harral 25 Oo 

Hanford Lyon 25 00 

Ferguson & Doten 25 00 

Pvussell Tomlinson 25 00 

Ira Slierman 25 00 

Frederick Wood 25 00 

Lacey, Meeker & Co 25 00 

Henry Bisliop 25 00 

Andrew E. Nash 25 00 

Birdsey &Co 25 00 

S. S. Clapp 20 00 

W. H. Perry 15 00 

All other sums 664 75 

$2,096 15 



142 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Fifteen hundred packages, the larger part of them barrels, with a few half- 
barrels, boxes, kegs, and firkins, were soon afterwards sent to the South. Of 
these. New Milford contributed seventy-six ; New Canaan, sixty -five ; Winsted, 
ninety-nine ; Waterbury, sixty ; Litchfield, fifty-nine ; Seymour, sixty-four ; and 
Daubury, sixty-one. 

During this year the following ladies held the various ofiices of the society : 

President, Vice-President, 

Mrs. Daniel H. Sterling. Mrs. Monson Hawlby. 

Secretary, Treasurer, 

Mk8. L. H. Norton. Mrs. William E. Seeley. 

Direetressea. 

Mrs. S. S. Jarvis, Mrs. William B. Dyer, 

" Cuarles Weeks, " Daniel Garland, 

" II. K. Harral, " Nathaniel Wheeler, 

" William D. Bishop, " Alden Burton, 

" George Poole, " I. 11. Whiting, 

" F. N. Clcte, " P. II. Skidmore, 

" George F. Traoey, " Russell Tomlinson, 

" Ira Greene, " Joseph Thompson, 

" Stephen Burroughs, " Charles Wells, 

" Frederick Parrott, " Hanford N. Hayes, 

•' Gasford Sterling, " J. C. Blaokman, 
Mrs. J. G. Adams. 

The Ladies' Soldiers' Relief Association of Newbdryport, Massa- 
chusetts, was organized on the l-±th of August, 1862, with the following 
ofBcers : 

President, Treasurer, 

Mrs. a. L. March. Mrs. M. L. Buntin. 

Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, 

Miss A. A. Auein. Miss S. L. Davis. 

The society has been from the outset independent, sometimes sending its 
supplies through the Sanitary and sometimes through the Christian Commis- 
sion ; at others, supplying such hospitals or camps as may have asked for 
assistance. It has collected about $5,000 a year in money, and forwarded 
some sixty boxes in the same time ; some as far west as St. Louis, and as far 
south as New Orleans and St. Augustine. " Its prosperity," to quote the 
words of the corresponding secretary, early in 1865, " is worthy of the noble 
cause in whose service it was organized. Pledged for the war, it will seek no 
rest from its labors till the welcome tidings of peace to our beloved country 
shall proclaim its mission ended." 



AID SOCIETY OF NEW HAVEN. 143 

The effort to contribute to the relief and comfort of the soldiers made by 
citizens of New Ilaven, began at an early period. Without the existence of 
any formal organization for the purpose, collections were made and numerous 
boxes of clothing and other articles were forwarded to the Sanitary Commis- 
sion. It is impossible to give a precise account of the amounts raised and 
boxes forwarded in this way. They probably did not fall much short of 
what has been done in each of the years covered by the reports of the 
'Soldiers' Aid Society' formed about Nov. 1, 1862. This association at 
once began a thorough and systematic effort in its appropriate work. It 
canvassed the city of New Haven, and became the channel of the contribu- 
tions of a large circle of towns throughout the State of Connecticut. Soon 
afterwards, the committee of gentlemen acting for the Sanitary Commission 
in Connecticut, transferred to it their authority to receive and forward all 
contributions hitherto sent to their agent. By means of this arrangement the 
society became the medium of communication with more than eighty towns 
in the state. During the year 1863, four thousand nine hundred and thirty- 
four articles were made, consisting of one thousand eight hundred and twenty- 
eight cotton shirts, eight hundred and eight flannel shirts, one hundred and 
one canton-flannel shirts, one thousand one hundred and thirty-four pairs of 
drawers, sixty-one dressing gowns, one hundred and twenty handkerchiefs, 
one hundred and forty-two towels, six hundred and fifty-eight sheets, twenty- 
seven pillow cases, seven cushions, and seven hundred and thirty-five pairs of 
socks. All these articles were made gratuitously by individuals and sewing 
societies, or by poor needlewomen paid for their labor by benevolent 
individuals. Quite a number of auxiliary societies were regularly supplied 
with material or cut garments to be made by their members. The total 
receipts for the year were as follows : 

From city donations $4,609 37 From avails of Concert for Sol- 

" donations from auxiliary diers (by Miss Bradley) $47 50 

societies and friends in " avails of Tableau {by Miss 

othertowns 602 50 Norton) 517 00 

" sale of material to other " avails of Bazaar 2,912 26 

societies 293 88 " other sources 10 00 



Total tl8,992 60 

The cash receipts of the second year were about as large as those of the 
first; the society receiving, in addition, $1,000 from the Sanitary Commission, 
and giving in return one thousand sheets and one thousand six hundred and 
seven towels. 



144 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Of the " Boys' and Girls' Fourth of July Fruit Fund," Mrs. Eoberts, the 
Secretary, thus wrote : " Our readers need not be reminded of the Fourth of 
July contribution made by our children and youth, who sacrificed their usual 
enjoyment of explosions of all kinds, to raise a fund for the purchase of fresh 
vegetables, fruits, and anti-scorbutics, now much needed. The Executive 
Committee, conferring upon the propriety of making the suggestion and 
discussing its probable success, ventured the hope that 'as much as two 
hundred dollars might be raised in that way.' Our surprise and gratification 
may be imagined when the sum in the aggregate amounted to over $730 ! 
"When the head of some little flaxen-haired child shall be frosted with age, 
he may perchance meet this page, and who can doubt that he will feel 
both jjleasure and pride in remembering that he was one of those who 
sacrificed a fleeting amusement to such a noble, to so high a duty ?" 

In three years the New Haven Aid Society sent to the Sanitaiy Commis- 
sion no less than seventy thousand articles, many hundreds of them being 
barrels, boxes, cases, jars, gallons. Seventy-five barrels of prepared bandages 
are set down in this wonderful schedule as seventy-five " articles." This is 
certainly a modest way of putting it: you may not hide your light under a 
bushel, but it seems you may hide your good works in barrels. 

The following is the list of ofiicers of the General Soldiers' Aid Society 
of New Haven for 1864 : 



Miss M. P. Twining, 1st Directress. ■ 
Mrs. a. N. Skinner, 2d " 
Mrs. W. a. Norton, Zd " 

Corresponding Secretaries, 
Mrs. B. S. Roberts, Miss J. W. Skinner. 



Recording Secretary, 


Treasurer, 


Mrs. H. T. Blake. 


Mrs. Emily T. Fitch. 


Managers. 


Mrs. "Wm. Bacon, 


Miss A. Larned, 


Miss E. Bradley, 


Mrs. 11. Mansfield, 


" H. Brown, 


" J. D. MaxdevUle, 


Mrs. L. Candee, 


" D. C. Pratt, 


" 0. Candee, 


Miss P. Peck, 


" R. Chapman, 


Mrs. "W. H. Russell, 


Miss R. Chapman, 


" G. B. Rich, 


" 0. Collins, 


" W. M. Rodman, 


Mrs. H. Dubois, 


Miss E. Sherman, 


" J. W. Fitch, 


Mrs. .J. Sheldon, 


Miss J. Gibbs, 


Miss M. Storer, 



RELIEF ASSOCIATION OF BROOKLYN. 145 

Me3. J. GOODNOUQH, MiSS A. TlIACnER, 

" E. S. Gkeelet, . Mes. a. Treat, 

Miss M. niixiiorsE, Miss H. Warner, 

" I. XIiLi-nonsE, Mrs. 0. R. WATERnorsE, 
" S. B. Harrison, " Wm. "Winchester, 

Mrs. B. Jei'son, Miss D. 'Wooi.set. 

New Ilaven has been a large contributor to enlistment and family relief 
funds, and has sent considerable sums and numerous bo.xes to the Christian 
Commission. Gi'eat interest has been felt and manifested in the matter of 
furnishing the regiments of the state with chapel tents, one lady having 
collected, by personal solicitation, the sum of $676. Chaplains have been 
abundantly supplied with religious papers, tracts, books, &c. A "Chaplains' 
Aid Society," Francis Wayland, Jr., Secretary, has been the channel through 
which this particular stream of benevolence has flowed. 

On Thursday evening, November 24th, 1862, upon the invitation of the 
" War Fund Committee of the City of Brooklyn and County of Kings," an 
audience assembled at the Academy of Music, to listen to an appeal from Dr. 
Bellows, in behalf of the Sanitary Commission. At the close of the Reverend 
Doctor's address, a resolution was adopted appointing certain ladies, in co- 
operation with the pastors of their respective churches, to provide and make 
up material for the disabled soldiers. The ladies thus designated, representing 
nearly forty churches, met together the next day, conferred with a number of 
ladies similarly occupied in New York, and soon after formed a permanent 
organization, as follows, under the name of the Women's Relikf Associa- 
tion OF Brooklyn : 

President, Secretary, 

Mrs. J. S. T. Stranaiian. Mrs. J. N. Lewis. 

Executive Committee, 

Mrs. ay. I. Buddington, Mrs. E. Shapter, 
" J. "W. Harper, " J. D. Sparkman, 

" E. H. R. Lyman, " James Eells, 

" Henry Sheldon, " Jeremiah Johnson, Jr., 

" J. P. DnFFiN, " Henry E. Pierrepont, 

" Luke Harrington, " H. Waters. 

Sanitary Committee of Brooiiyn, 
DwiGHT Johnson, Henry E. Pierrepont, 

Samuel B. Caldwell, James H. Frotiii.ngham, 

James D. Sparkman. 

Fifty churches were soon afterwards represented in the society, and several 
others, which did not send delegates, nevertheless sent contributions. Tlio 
10 



146 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



receiving-room was opened on the 1st of December, and offerings arrived 
with such regularity that a box a day was forwarded to Washington, or else- 
where, during the five months ending May 1st. The number of articles 
dispatched to the armies in that time was over twenty-two thousand, their 
aggregate value exceeding $30,000. 




6PECTKE. 
6AXITAP.T CHARADE. 



INSPEOTOK. 



The Female Employment Society of Brooklyn co-operated with the Relief 
Association in this labor, and at an early date offered to make up garments 
free of charge, if the material were furnished. The offer was accepted ; over 
$10,000 were obtained, principally by contributions in the churches, and 
expended in flannel, yarn, and burlaps. These were manufactured by the 
EmiDloyment Society into nine thousand garments, worth certainly, when made 
up, $15,000. The total value of the goods furnished by the Relief Associa- 
tion in five months was, at the least, $45,000. 

During the year ending May 1st, 1S61, the Association received from sub- 
scriptions, from entertainments, lectures, &c., about $10,000, which sum was 
expended, as before, in the purchase of flannel, yarn, &c., the Female Employ- 
ment Society continuing to make up all material furnished them for the pur- 
pose. The officers of the Sanitary Commission, having decided that all above 
$300,000 resulting from the Brooklyn Fair should be expended by the ladies 
of the Relief Association in the purchase and manufacture of clothing, an 



AID SOCIETi' OF LYNN. I47 

instalment of $24,000 was received and so laid out by them during this year, 
in accordance witli this desire. 

From May, 1863, to May, 1864, the society received, packed, and forwarded 
over thirty -six thousand articles, the value of which was carefully estimated to 
be nearly $58,000. It has continued to be an active auxiliary of the Sanitary 
Commission. 

The Sanitary Aid Society of Lynn, Massachusetts, was not organized 
till January, 1863. The jieople of Lynn had not, in the two 3'ears of war 
already passed, been either idle or indifferent. They had been as active as 
their neighbors, Qnly their labors had been without concert or plan, each indi- 
vidual or group of workers sending their stores or supplies in the direction 
taken by the comi^anies or regiments in which they were most interested. A 
vast quantity of unrecorded, irregular work has been everywhere done in this 
way. Ujjon the breaking out of the rebellion, the Quakers of Lynn raised a fund 
of over $3,000 for soldiers' families, and the manufacturers one much larger, 
which in the fourth year of the war was not yet exhausted. Cotton was sent 
from Boston to Lynn by the bale ; public meetings were called, sewing- 
machines put in requisition, and shirts were sent back to Boston, five hun- 
dred at a time. Lynn has always cheerfully taken her full share of the 
burdens cast upon the country by battle and campaign, and has contributed, 
according to her means, to onion fund. Thanksgiving dinner, and Fourth of 
July festival. 

By a clause in the constitution of the Aid Society of Lynn, any lady 
becomes a member by the payment, annually, of fifty cents, and in the first 
year, there were five hundred and eighty members. The society received 
$2,300, principally church collections, and forwarded forty-four boxes of 
clothing and hospital stores. 

The following board of officers were elected for 1864 : 

President^ 
Mrs. W. C. Richakds. 

Vice-Prendents, 

Mrs. Dr. Edward Newiiall, ,. Mrs. J. B. Alley, 

" W. 11. Ladd, ' Miss Henderson. 

Secretary, Treasurer, _^„_ 

Miss M. L. Ne^vhall. Miss A. E. Ladd. 

Executive Committee, 
Mrs. William F. Morgan, Mrs. Hentjy A. Pevear, 

" John L. Riioret, " K. IL Walden, 

" Dr. Percival, " Thcmas W. Bacheller, 



148 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Mes. J. W. Tewksburt, 

" EOLAND G. UsiIEE, 

" John F. Hilton, 

" Joseph W. Abbott, 

" Jacob CnASE, 

" Martin II. Hood, 



Mrs. Edwin H. Oliver, 
" TuoMAS r. Bancroft, 
" James R. Newhall, 
" Edwin Sprague, 
" Edward S. Davis, 

Miss Henrietta Rhodes. 



Soliciting Committee, 
Miss Mariana Newhall, Mrs. John II. Crosman, 

" Anna Holmes, " Mary Medburt, 

" Ella Keene, Miss A. A. Mudge, 

" Carleion, " Antoinette Breed, 

Mrs. Puilip A. Chase. 

During the second year, the labors of the Aid Society were su.spended for 
eleven weeks. Had the ladies of Lynn become tired of well-doing ? Had 
they taken a vacation, and left the soldiers' flannel shirts to shift for them- 
selves? Not so. But they had taken a table at the National Sailors' Fair, 
and for nearly three months devoted themselves to Jack, to the very obvious 
disadvantage of the landsmen. "We shall see the part borne by Lynn in the 
great naval festival all in good time ; it can do no harm to say, now, that its 
decimal expression is $4,000. So it is not surprising that the receipts of the 
society this year were hardly $1,150 ; the members paid their fee, amateurs 
sang, recited, and played, Edmund Kirke lectured, and Newcombe's Com- 
bination combined. Two olios or miscellaneous entertainments went off so 
pleasantly — leaving behind the receip)ts, however — that the jjrogramme of one 
of them is appended. The fact that $817 were realized in this way speaks 
well for the talent of the performers, the taste of the citizens, and the size of 
Lyceum Hall; 

PROGRAMME OF ENTERTAINMENT 
to be given at 

LYCEUM HALL, ON THUESDAY EVENING, MARCH 31, 

IN aid op the 

SANITARY AID SOCIETY OF LYNN. 



PART FIRST. 

I. — Mrsic. 

II. — FIVE SCENES FROM "THE LADY OF THE LAKE." 

Characters. — Fitz James, Ellen, Earl Douglas, Malcolm GraMue, Allan (the Minstrel), 
Roderick Dim, John De Brent, Old Bertram, Capt. Lewis, Soldiers, Lords, and Ladies. 

III. — MUSIC. 
IV. — COMIO SCENE FROM HOLMES. 



AID SOCIETY OF TROY. 149 

PART SECOND. 

I. — MUSIC. 
II. — SCENES FEOM DICKENS. 

Scene 1. — Hints to Nurses. Scene 2.— T!io Barber's Shop. 

Scene 3.— The Tea Party. 
CiiAKAOTERS.— Sairey Gamp, Betsey Prigg, Poll Sweedlepipes, Young Bailey, Lewsonie. 

III. — MUSIC. 

IV. TABLEAUX. 

T. — MUSIC. 

Explanatory Readings of all Selections. 

Music, Vocal and Instrumental, by Miss Huntley ani Messrs. Ryder and Noyes. 

Grand Pianos furnished by Chickering. 

TICKETS, FIFTY CENTS. EESEKVED SEATS, ONE DOLLAR. 

N. B. — It is hoped the entertainments will merit the patronage of the patriotic citizens 
of Lynn, as all the proceeds go to the Sanitary Aid Society, to help the needy sick and 
wounded soldiers. The free use of the hall is kindly given by the trustees, and the printers 
very generously do the printing gratis. 

Let tlie above suffice for tlie ten thousand similar entertainments wbicli 
were given in 1864 for the benefit of the soldiers. We may add that the 
Shakspeare Club of Lynn gave readings from time to time in the same behoof 

Associate members of the Sanitary Commission were appointed at an early 
date, in Troy, New York, and money and suj^plies to the value of about §7,000 
have been sent direct from the citj^ and vicinity. This is in addition to what 
has been done by the Troy Soldiers' Aid Society, B. H. Hall, Secretary, 
which was organized on the 19th of February, 1863. Its first year's receipts, 
in money, were nearly $3,800 ; seven thousand articles were manufactured and 
forwarded, of the estimated value of $7,000. During the second year, the 
society received $2,500 of the proceeds of the Albany Bazaar, and sent away 
articles worth $3,400. It has paid no rent. Dr. Wotkyns having provided a 
room without charge. The following table of receipts for 1863 speaks well 
for Trojan liberality : 

Thanksgiving collections $5(12 10 J. M. Warren & Co f 120 00 

Mrs. Betsey A. Hart 240 00 Mrs. George M. Tibbits 120 00 

John F. Winslow 180 00 George M. Tibbits 120 00 

From the performers of "The Ri- ATm. Howard Hart 120 00 

vals," Troy 134 00 John A. Griswold 120 00 

From proceeds of two evenings' John Flagg 120 00 

entertainments in Sehaghticoke, H. Burden & Sons 120 00 

through Mr. Charles Perry 131 26 Bills, Thayer & Knight 120 00 



u 



150 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



J. L. Thompson, Sons & Co §100 00 

Mrs. H. H. Douglity 60 00 

J. B. Hart CO 00 

D. Southwick CO 00 

S. M. Vail CO 00 

.J. H. Willard GO 00 

Pv. A. Flood 50 00 

Fuller, Warren & Co 50 00 

E. Thompson Gale 50 00 

H. N. Lookwood 50 00 

Joseph 11. Parsons 50 00 

D. Thomas Vail 50 00 

C. J. Saxe 40 00 

Fifth Baptist Churcli 36 40 

Benjamin II. Hall 36 00 

Jesse B. Anthony 36 00 

Total 



Mrs. E. Seldon $80 00 

llagar's Rebellion Concerts 27 42 

L. A. Battershall 25 00 

Jonas C. Heartt 25 00 

E. Proudfit 25 00 

0. L. Tracy 25 00 

W. L. Van Alstyne 25 00 

G. II. Barnard 

R. Peckham 

John Anthony 

T. W. Blatchford 

J. W. Freeman 

II. C. Lockwood 

Maullin & Cluett 



All others 897 6Q 



.$3,783 93 



24 


00 


24 00 


20 


00 


20 


00 


20 


OU 


20 


00 


20 


00 


897 


6Q 



It Avas not till early in 1863, that tlie necessity was felt in tlie extreme 
north for a home or lodge for soldiers passing through and temporarily de- 
tained. On the 1st of April such an establishment was opened in Boston by 
the Executive Committee of Boston Associates, at No. 76 Kingston Street. 
The second floor was fitted up, the sleeping-room containing at the outset 
twelve beds, forty-eight others, in successively added rooms, being gradually 
provided. The first applicant for aid, a soldier whose furlough had expired, 
and who had no means of returning to his regiment, was entertained on the 
7th of the month. The following are the details of the aid rendered by this 
branch in the first eighteen months : 



Furnished transportation, at government rate, to 9,623 

" " paid hy the Commission 219 

" " by U. S. Quartermaster 934 

" carriage within the city 4,075 

" special attendance to their homes 100 

" lodging 1-3,073 

" meals (total nnmber of meals, 34,440) 17,222 

" clothing (total number of garments, 1,160) 550 

" aid in arranging papers 182 

" aid in obtaining pay 226 

" medical advice 689 

Wounds dressed 3,178 

Sent to hospital 130 

Referred to local Relief Associations 46 

Re-enlisted 27 

Deaths 6 

Furnished undertaker's services 9 

Back pay collected $26,528 72 



AID ASSOCIATION OF CAMIJRIDGEPOIIT. 151 

A Hospital Car Service between Boston and New York was established 
by the committee on the 2d of November, 1863, two first-class cars having 
been set apart and furnished for this purpose upon the line by way of Spring- 
field and New Haven. Each car contained nine portable litter-beds, suspended 
by elastic bands; twelve folding hospital chairs; twelve ordinary seats; a 
hospital store-closet, supplied with medicines, stimulants, and the usual sur- 
gical and medical appliances, the means of cooking, and a wardrobe of hospi- 
tal clothing. For a time, one of these cars left Boston and New York daily, 
in charge of a military hospital steward and nurse. The number of soldiers 
transported in one year was nearly twelve thousand, each man moved costing 
at the commencement, seventy cents — this including the outfit of the cars — 
and during the last month, hardly fourteen cents. The average cost per man 
during the year was twenty-two cents. 

The whole expense of this special relief, including the home in Kingston 
Street, and the hospital car service, for eighteen months, was about $28,000 ; 
$10,000 of this sum was jjaid out of the proceeds of the Boston Sanitary 
Fair. 

For nearly three years there was no organized soldiers' aid society in Cam- 
bridgeport, Massachusetts. There were seven religious associations, all more 
or less active in works of relief, but each pursuing its labors in its own way, 
and sending its supplies in this or that direction, without reference to the 
operations of others. Several efforts were made to unite the churches and 
induce them to act in concert, but failed. Early in 1864, three of the clergy- 
men made an earnest attempt, and succeeded in effecting a thorough organiza- 
tion. The Cambridgeport Soldiers' Aid Association opened soon after 
with sixty members, and somewhat later numbered nearly three hundred. 
The ofiices were distributed as follows : 



President, 
Mi!S. J. M. S. Williams. 

Vice-Presidents, 

Mrs. J. C. DoDOE, Mes. C. A. Skixnee, 

Mrs. Charles Seymour. 

Corresponding Sccreturi/, Recording Secretary, 

Mes. H. O. IIouonTON. Mrs. W. W. Wellington. 

Treasurer, 
Mrs. .J. M. Cutter. 



152 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



COMMITTEES AT LARGE. 



Purchasing Materials, 
Mrs. O. W. Watris, Mrs. J. K. Palmer, Mrs. Albert Vixal. 

Recording, 
Miss Sarah C. Bent, Miss Sarah C. Fisher, Miss Alice W. Bemis. 

Paching, 
Mrs. F. II. Manson, Mrs. W. P. Sampsox, Mrs. G. P. Carter. 

The society has depended entirely uiDon assessments, memberships, and 
church collections, and received some $3,000 during its first year. It has for- 
warded boxes to the Massachusetts state agent at Washington at the rate of 
about one a month, besides supplying the individual wants of Cambridge 
soldiers, whenever informed of them. The weekly m-eetings have been 
attended by from seventy to one hundred and ten ladies ; others, unable to 
be present, have sent for work to be done at home, or, if unable to do this, 
have furnished clothing as a substitute for work. 

The association, at an early date, introduced into its machinery a Home 
Relief Department, for the purpose of drawing to and absorbing within itself 
a Young Ladies' Circle, which had devoted itself during the previous winter 
to the work of clothing soldiers' children. It continued its labor of love, but 
as a branch and under the auspices of the association. 

"We have thus passed in review the principal Aid Societies in the country 
— a sufficient number, at any rate, to give a stranger, should these pages fall into 
a stranger's hands, a comprehensive idea of the occupation of the women of 
the land in war time. Hamlets so small that the postmaster-general does not 
know them — and, indeed, their own inhabitants do not know them by name, 
but only by number — the neighborhood of some half dozen houses, the vil- 
lage, the cluster of tenements around the mill or flictoiy, the town, the city, 
the metropolis — all have been moved by one impulse, and, taking the mean of 
town and country, have given with surprising unifoi-mity ; that is, the average 
per man, woman, and child, certain obvious allowances being made, is nearly 
the same in the several states. History, mythology, and fable will be vainly 
ransacked by those who would find a parallel. 

With the mere labor and application necessary for the creation of their 
supplies, the women and children have not always rested content. A 
blanket might not only hold warmth, but it might carry a message. In the 
earlier stages of the war, especially before stockings, shirts, and pillow-cases 
were needed and called for by the hundred thousand, it was a pleasant prac- 



MARKED ARTICLES. 153 

tice, on tlie part of the knitters and stitchers, to append, in writing, some 
homelike, encouraging, patriotic sentiment, either in prose or verse. Indeed, 
it is still the boast of some few circles that no article has ever left their rooms 
without its metrical word of counsel or sympathy. Calumniators have desig- 
nated these rhymes as the work of the sewing-machine, or have intimated 
that the turning of a crank would produce as good. Let us see. Is there a 
soldier in the American army who would not find spiritual as well as physi- 
cal comfort in stockings thus labelled : 

" Brave sentry, on j'our lonely beat 
May these blue stockings warm your feet; 
And when from war and camps you part, 
May some fair knitter warm your heart!" 

Or in an indorsement like this : 

" The fortunate owner of these socks is secretly informed, that they are 
the one hundred and ninety-first pair knit for our brave boys by Mrs. Abner 
Bartlett, of Medford, Mass., now aged eighty-five years. January, 1861." 

Blankets, bandages, pillows, bottles, have all borne messages of consolation 
to the army, as a few examples, taken at random, will serve to show. A 
piece of paper bearing these words was pinned to a home-spun blanket : 

"This blanket was carried by Milly Aldrich, who is ninety-three years 
old, down hill and up hill, one and a half miles, to be given to some soldier." 

On a bed-quilt was pinned a card, saying: 

" My son is in the army. Whoever is made warm by this quilt, which I 
have worked on for six days and almost all of six nights, let him remember 
his own mother's love." 

On another blanket was this: "This blanket was used by a soldier 
in the war of 1812 ; it may keep some soldier warm in this war against 
traitors." 

On a pillow was written : " This pillow belonged to my little boy, who 
died resting on it; it is a precious treasure to me, but I give it for the 
soldiers." 

A pair of woolen socks told this story: "These stockings were knit by a 
little girl five years old, and she is going to knit some more, for mother says 
it will help some poor soldier." 

On a box of lint was this record: "Made in a sick room, where the 
sunlight has not entered for nine years, but where God has entered, and 
where two sons have bade their mother good-by as they have gone out 
to the war." 



154 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Ou a bundle containing bandages was written : " Tiiis is a jDoor gift, but it 
is all I had. I have given my husband and my boy, and only wish I had 
more to give, but I haven't." 

On some eye-shades were these words : " Made by one who is blind. Oh, 
how I long to see the dear old flag that you are all fighting imder !" 

Early in 1862, Miss Breckenridge and other ladies of Princeton, New 
Jersey, sent to Kentucky a large supply of hospital stores, among which was 
a quantity of currant wine, each bottle bearing a sentiment, of which the 
following are samples: 

" Currant wine from Princeton, New Jersey. May it refresh you, brave 
men from Illinoi.s." 

" Forget not the invisible hand that leads you to victory." 

" New Jersey extends her hand to you, brave Tennesseans." 

" This vdne was made on the battle-field of Princeton, New Jersey, not 
far from where "Washington led his army on to victory. May it bear to you 
refreshing, invigorating, healing virtues, is the prayer of the one who made it." 

" Currant wine for our brave defenders. The Lord thy God will not fiiil 
thee, nor forsake thee." 

A ban-cl of hospital clothing, sent from Conway, Massachusetts, was 
made to declare, by its label, that "it contained a pair of socks knit by a lady 
who is ninety-seven years old on the 24th of .this month. She is ready and 
anxious to do all she can." 

The yarn, the heart, the hand, the love, the dreams and prayers referred to 
in the following verses, all came from a border state : 

" Fold them up, they are warm and soft 
As the delicate knitter's heart and hand, 
A pair of soft, blue woolen socks, 
And love knit in with every strand. 

More than this, there are dreams and prayers 
Wove in like a mystic, golden thread — 
Dreams that may stir a soldier's lieart, 
And prayers to bless a dying bead. 

It is not vain, it is not vain, 
For love is blest, and prayer is strong, 
To move the Arm that surely guides 
The breasts that stem the tide of wrong. 

And those who, praying, still believe. 
Shall know the strength of human will ; 
They dream prophetic histories, 
And through their faith their hopes fulfil." 



HISTORIC LINEN. 155 

From time to time the societies received gifts of linen older than the 
government it was given to save ; sometimes this linen was merely aged, 
sometimes absolutely historic. The New Haven Society received a sheet 
marked "J. * E. ;" and this meant that it had belonged in other days to 
Jehosaphat and Elizabeth Starr. Jehosaphat had married Elizabeth in 1734, 
in Guilford, and the sheet was doubtless one hundred and thirty years old. 
Two of these heirlooms had descendetl to Mr. Henry B. Starr, and one by 
one he parted with them, probably in the only manner he could have been 
induced to give them up. 

In 1812, Mrs. Mary Witmer, of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, spun a 
quantity of flax and wove a number of j-ards of linen cloth. She lived to 
scrape her linen into lint, in 1862. 

The ladies of Brooklyn had called for bandages upon news of a sanguinary 
battle, and received a package accompanied by the following note : 

"Friends of the Eeliep Commission: It may not be uninteresting 
to you to know that some of the pieces of old linen left by me at your office 
this morning are very venerable by reason of age. 

" A hundred and fifty years ago, among the Ochill hills, in Scotland, and 
at the oj^en window of a farm-house of that locality, the passer-by might have 
seen a young, blooming lassie working merrily at her spinning-wheel, prepa- 
ring for the most eventful change in the life of any one ; in short, she was 
spinning sheets and towels for her own future use. 

" Little did that J'oung woman dream, as she merrily drove her wheel, 
that her handiwork would be used in 1864 to bind up the wounds of heroic 
men, who stand and fight for freedom in days of danger; yet such is the 
case, and I thought that you might be pleased to know the fact." 

One of the less obvious influences of the Soldiers' Aid Societies has been 
so forcibly stated in the pages of the Atlantic Monthly, that we cannot forbear 
quoting the passage : 

"Many a one could have wished to say to every soldier as he went forth 
to the war, ' Remember, that, if God spares your life, in a few months or a 
few years you will come back, not officers, not privates, but sons and husbands 
and brothers, for whom some home is waiting and some human heart throb- 
bing. Never forget that your true home is not in that fort, beside those 
frowning cannon, not on tliat tented field amid the glory and power of military 
array, but that it nestles beneath yonder hill, or stands out in sunshine on 
some fertile plain. Remember that you are a citizen yet, with every instinct, 
with every sympathy, with every interest, and with every duty of a citizen.' 



156 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

"Can we overestimate tlie influence of these associations, of these Soldiers' 
Aid Societies, rising uji in every city and village, in producing just such a 
state of mind, in keeping the soldier one of us — one of the people? Five 
hundred thousand hearts following with deep interest his fortunes — twice five 
hundred thousand hands laboring for his comfort — millions of dollars freely 
lavished to relieve his sufferings — millions more of tokens of kindness and 
good will going forth, every one of them a message from the home to tlie 
camp : what is all this but weaving a strong network of alliance between civil 
and military life, between the citizen at home and the citizen soldier? If our 
army is a remarkable body, more pure, more clement, more patriotic than 
other armies — if our soldier is everywhere and always a true-hearted citizen 
— it is Iwcause the army and soldier have not been cast off from public 
sympathy, but cherished and bound to every free institution and every peace- 
ful association by golden cords of love. The good our Commissions have 
done in this respect cannot be exaggerated ; it is incalculable." 

The same idea was developed by Dr. Lieber in a late address. Many of 
our citizens, he said, were in constant apprehension of the appearance of some 
destroyer of our liberties ; of the apparition of The Man on Horseback ; of 
some bold soldier and bad man who should disperse the members of the Short 
Session as Cromwell did those of the Long Parliament. But no such despot 
had come, and there was no evidence of any temper in the army of which he 
might take advantage, if any such existed. And the reason was that the 
American is a citizen first and always, and a soldier but for a few years. And 
though absent in camp and surrounded by no influences but those of war, the 
constant messages from home and the unceasing evidence of interest from 
family and friends, lead him to prize his privileges as a citizen far too high to 
enter into any unlawful schemes of ambition, or to become the tool of any 
military pretender. 

One point remains to be alluded to before we dismiss this subject of 
soldiers' aid. We shall have occasion, in our summary at the close of the 
volume, to take the ground that not more than half of the supplies and stores 
collected throughout the country have ever been recorded ; that is, that fully 
half have been employed in such a way as to preclude their entei-ing into any 
general account. The various commissions keep careful registries of every 
thing which passes through their hands ; but stores disbursed independently 
by this aid society and that relief association throughout the country are 
not added up in one aggi-egate, as there is no means of doing it. We have 
already seen many examples of this, especially in the first year. From among 



IRREGULAR WORK. 



157 



numerous more remarkable cases we select the following fact, which shows, 
by implication, how much must have been irregulai'ly done : 

At the close of the year 1864, the officers of the Sanitary Commission of 
New Jersey made up au elaborate schedule of the contributions, in money and 
in kind, of every town and neighborhood in the state. They had received, it 
appeared, from the large and flourishing town of New Brunswick no supplies 
whatever, and only $44 in cash. The Christian Commission had received 
nothing. Does it follow that New Brunswick had done nothing, therefore ? 
Not at all ; but it had done its work independently. The records of the New 
Brunswick Aid Society, Isabella Tannahill, Secretary, show that up to the date 
of the making of the schedule just mentioned they had received $4,030, 
from donations, memberships, lectures, and concerts ; and that they had sent 
sixteen thousand articles to regimental hospitals, to battle-fields, and to the 
state agency at Washington. A state of facts to which New Brunswick fur- 
nishes the clue should be distinctly borne in the reader's mind. 

The aid societies have not only done the steady, plodding, summer and 
winter work which the object in view required of them, but they have from 
time to time held, or have takeu a prominent part in, certain high festivals ol 
philanthropy called Sanitary Fairs, and we now proceeil to the description of 
these, in the order of their occurrence, believing that we can thus obtain a 
better insight into the souls of the people, and better pluck out the heart of 
their mystery, than in any other manner. 




158 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



CHAPTER VI. 








'^ HE inexorable logic of facts compels us to commence tliis 
1^ 1 '■ f chapter, as we have already commenced several, with a 
reference to the city of Lowell, undoubtedly the first to hold 
a fair for the benefit of the Sanitary Commission. True, it was not upon 
the same scale, relatively, as that of those that succeeded it; but the great 
element of rivalry did not come into play, as it was not known or imagined 
that the example would be followed. Moreover, the idea is every thing; 
and the idea that lay at the foundation of the Lowell fair was absolutely 
the same as that which, expanded and improved upon, formed the basis of 
those of Chicago, Boston, and the other fair-holding cities. The following 
statement is furnished by an eye-witness and participator : 

" On the evening of the 24th of January, 1863, a score of ladies assembled 
at the house of a gentleman in Lowell, at the request of his daughters, to con- 
sider the expediency of holding a fair in aid of the Sanitary Commission. At 
first it was only intended to make it a neighborhood affair ; but as they talked 
the cause inspired them with deeper interest and stronger faith, and before 
they separated they had not only decided to ask the co-operation of every 
religious society in the city, Protestant and Catholic, but a notice was written 
for the city papers, requesting all jjersons interested to meet at a place sjiecified 
on the following Tuesday. A large number of ladies and gentlemen responded 



THE LOWELL FAIR. 159 

to the call ; a plan was drawn up ; an executive committee, composed of nine 
gentlemen and six ladies, chosen. Committees, with a chairman for each, were 
appointed for each department — decorations, finances, refreshments, flowers, 
music, printing, &c., &c., each to hold separate meetings and rcpoil to the 
executive. In four weeks from the day when the first meeting was called, 
without a dollar in hand or an article jDvepared, the first sanitary fair in the 
United States was opened — a fair which, for harmony of action, beauty of 
decorations, system and order of management, and perfection of its financial 
arrangements, has never been excelled, if equalled." 

In acknowledging the receipt of the proceeds, Dr. Bellows wrote : " The 
zeal and liberality of your community have been conspicuous in every turn 
of the war. Your repeated contributions to our stock of supplies had not led 
us to anticipate such a splendid addition as you now offer. You would have 
been up to the average, if you had stopped where you were. You will make 
it very difficult for any community — this side of the Eocky Mountains — to 
keep pace with you, now that you pour into our treasury $4,850." 

How just and apposite it was that Lowell, which had given the first blood 
and buried the first victims, should have made the first concerted effort 
towards stanching other blood and aiding other martyi-s. The whirligig of 
time doth indeed bring in his revenges. 

The second festival for the benefit of the soldiers was held in Chicago, in 
October, 1863. The initiative was taken by Mrs. A. H. Hoge and Mrs. D. P. 
Livermore, associate managers of the Northwestern Branch of the Sanitary 
Commission — ladies whose humanity, zeal, and labors have raised them to the 
highest places in the annals of philanthropy. Their colleagues, as associate 
managers, were Mrs. E. C. Henshaw, of Ottowa, Illinois, and Mrs. J. S. Colt, 
of Milwaukee. The members of the Northwestern Branch were as follows: 

Presidcn f, Vic.e-Presidcn t, 

E. B. McCagg. Rev. Wm. W. Patton. 

Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, 

n. E. Seelte. CYKra Bentlet. 

Treasrurcr, 
E. W. Blatchfoed. 

Committee, 

T^ESLET MUNGER, B. F. RAYMOND, J. K. BOTSFOIID. 

This branch of the commission had already sent to the field thirty 
thousand boxes of hospital stores, of the estimated value of $1,500,000, and 



160 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



its treasury needed replenishing. The ladies consulted their colleagues, the 
gentlemen of the commission, and, the idea being approved, issued and 
distributed throughout the Northwest ten thousand copies of a not over- 
sanguine circular, in which the sum of $25,000 was mentioned as the limit 
of their hopes. In one day the industiious laborers mailed seventeen bushels 
of letters and documents, all relative to the proposed fair. The co-operation 
of the press and the clergy was earnestly invited. The effect was soon 
apparent throughout the interested district; meetings were held, towns and 
villages were pledged for large amounts by their enthusiastic delegates ; and in 
the mean time gifts of all sizes began to arrive, pianos, wringing-machines, 
wax work, stoves, hides, ploughs, nails, coal oil, native wine, pin-cushions, and 
cameos. Such was the avalanche of offerings, we are told, that the fate of 
Tarpeia seemed to threaten the ladies forming the committee of reception.* 

On the 27th of October, inauguration day, the courts adjourned, the banks 
and post-oSice closed their doors, the public schools kept holiday; for once 
the whole machinery of the bustling city stood still. The procession which 
opened the ceremonies was an amazing illustration of the spirit of the teeming 
country of the West. One feature of it was peculiar to the soil — the 
delegation from Lake County, one hundred wagons laden to overflowing with 
the jiroduce of the garden and the farm. Potatoes, blue, pink, and brown, 
in heaps ; onions, with the silver slcin ; squashes, which must have known of 
their destiny in the early spring, so big with fate were they ; cabbages, beets 



* The Executive Committee of the Chicago Fair 


was composed of the following ladies : 


Mrs 


. A. K. HoGE, Chicigo. 




Mrs. S. L. P. Jsnes, Monmouth, 111. 




D. P. Ln-EKMORE, ' 






" Gov. Harvey, Madison, Wis. 




0. E. HOSMER, ' 






" Gov. Salomon, " " 




W. E. Franklin, ' 






" Dr. Carr, " " 




I. N. Arnold, ' 






Miss Lottie Illslet, " " 




J. C. Haines, ' 






Mrs. L. Fisher, Beloit, Wis. 




Follansbee, ' 






" J. H. Turner, Berlin, Wis. 




Jas. Bowen, ' 






" J. S. Colt, Milwaukee, Wis. 




Dr. Bird, ' 
Ajibrose Foster, ' 
Robinson, ' 

N. Ludington, 
E. Allen, ' 
Dr. Hamilton, ' 
J. Medill, ' 
E. H. Haddock, ' 
Hamilton, ' 
l. s. cowdret, ' 






" JCDGE HuBBELL, " " 

Miss Emma Brown, Ft. Atkinson, Wis. 
Mrs. Bela Hubbard, Detroit, Mich. 
Miss Valeria Campbell, " 
Mrs. E. Eldred, " 
Miss M. Mahan, Adrian, Mich. 
Mrs. Cassick, Jackson, Mich. 

" Eankin, Flint, Mich. 

" CoL. LuMBARD, Chclsca, Mich. 

" Ltman, Grand Rapids, Mich. 


Miss Edwards, ' 






" N. H. Brainard, Iowa City, la. 


Mrs 


Tilton, Springfield 


111. 




" Dr. Elt, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 


" 


E. P. Selbt, " 




" J. C. Mat, ■' " 


" 


E. H. Little, Frccport, 


111. 


" Gov. Ramsey, Minnesota. 


(( 


E. C. Henshaw, Ot 


tawa. 


111. 


" Wright, Waukegan, 111. 



THE LAKE COUNTY DELEGATION. 



161 




_v, v^i>5^^ -^^ 



THE LAKE I'tiUNTY DF.LEGAT]U^. 



and turnips, and the whole anti-scorbutic fraternitv ; barrels of cider, kegs of 
beer, and astride of the kegs, perched npon the barrels, and rolling among the 
onions, were boys by the cart-load, Northwestern boys, boys from Lake 
County. The wagons were driven to the Sanitary Commission rooms, where 
they were unladen, the crowd acting as stevedores. Tliis magnificent harvest- 
home brought tears to ihe eyes of many a spectator, and would have done, 
doubtless, had the onions been parsnips. 

One of the most interesting donations to the Chicago Fair was the original 
manuscript of the Proclamation of Emancipation. President Lincoln said, 
in Ills letter accompanying the document, "I had some desire to retain the 
paper; but if it shall contribute to the relief and comfort of the soldiers, 
that will be better." It was bought for $3,000 by T. B. Bryan, President 
of the Chicago Soldiers' Home ; and we shall have to tell, in another place, 
of the goodly fund the proclamation has been the means of securing to the 
institution. 

The management and operations of the Dining Hall were so thoroughly 
characteristic of the West that they merit description in detail. The city was 
carefully canvassed for donations of articles of food ; a record was made of 
all who would contribute, of what they could furnish, and of the days upon 
which thev wnidd send it. The aggregate supply for each day was thus 



162 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

ascei'tainetl. Cooked meats were also received from without the city. Michi- 
gan gave enormous quantities of the finest fruit ; four fiftlis of this were sent 
to the hospitals. Game, roasted and carefully packed, came from Grundy 
County, Illinois. Hereafter, when we complain of what Grundy says, let us 
remember what Grundy did. Elgin supplied the milk, holding a monopoly 
at which no one grumbled. The ladies of Dubuque, learning that on certain 
days there would be a deficiency of poultry, hastened home, sent their best 
shots to the woods, and the fiercest raiders to the hen-coops. The threatened 
scarcity was averted by the timely arrival of one hundred roast turkeys, two 
hundred ducks, and as many chickens. That these were sent hot to the 
express car we can readily believe ; but when we are told, as we are, and in 
print, too, that they were brought to the table from the car smoking hot, as 
if they had just left the spit, we hesitate. We are i-cminded of that great 
traditional culinary mystery of the four-and-twenty blackbirds, wbich, when 
baked, and, doubtless, "smoking hot," as soon as the pie was opened at once 
began to sing. 

Fourteen tables were set in the dining hall, with accommodations for about 
three hundred guests at once. Each table was reset four or five times daily. 
Six ladies were appointed to take charge of each table during the fair, two of 
whom presided daily — one to pour out coffee, the other to maintain a general 
supervision. These ladies were the wives of Congressmen, professional men, 
clergymen, editors, merchants, bankers, millionaires — none were above serving 
at the soldiers' dinners. Each presiding lady furnished the table linen and 
silver for her own table, and added such decorations and delicacies as her 
taste suggested or she could secure from her friends. '" The waiters were the 
3"oung ladies of the city — neat-handed, swift-fuoted, bright-eyed, pleasant- 
voiced maidens, who, accustomed to being served in their own homes, trans- 
formed themselves for the nonce, for the dear sake of the sufifering soldiers, 
into servants. Both the matrons who presided and the pretty girls who 
served were neatly attiri'd in a simple uniform of white caps and aprons, 
made, trimmed and worn to suit the varied tastes and styles of the wearers." 

The Noith American Eeview thus discourses upon certain features of the 
Chicago Fair : 

" For fourteen days the fair lasted, and every day brought re-enforcements 
of supplies and of people and purchasers. The country people, from hun- 
dreds of miles about, sent in upon the I'ailroads all the various products of 
their farms, mills, and hands. Those who had nothing else sent the poultry 
from their barn^'ards ; the ox or bull or calf from the stall ; the title-deed 



THE CHICAGO FAHl. 163 

of a few acres of land ; so many bushels of grain, or potatoes, or onions. 
Loads of hay, even, were sent in from ten or a dozen miles out, and sold at 
once in the hay-market. On the roads entering the city were seen rickety 
and lumbering wagons, made of poles, loaded with a mixed freight — a few 
cabbages, a bundle of socks, a coop of tame ducks, a few barrels of turnips, 
a pot of butter, and a bag of beans — with the proud and humane farmer 
diiving the team, his wife behind in charge of the baby, while two or three 
little children contended with the boxes and barrels and bundles for room 
to sit or lie. 

" Such were the evidences of devotion and self sacrificing zeal which the 
Northwestern formers gave, as, in their long trains of wagons, they trundled 
into Chicago, from twenty to thirty miles' distance, and unloaded their con- 
tents at the doors of the Northwestern Fair, for the benefit of the United 
States Sanitary Commission. The mechanics and artisans of the towns and 
cities were not behind the farmers. Each manufacturer sent his best piano, 
plough, threshing-machine, or sewing-machine. Every form of agricultural 
implement and every j^roduct of mechanical skill was represented. From the 
watchmaker's jewelry to horse-shoes and harness ; from lace, cloth, cotton and 
linen, to iron and steel; from wooden and waxen and earthen ware to butter 
and cheese, bacon and beef: nothing came amiss, and nothing foiled to 
come, and the ordering of all this was in the hands of women. They fed 
in the restaurant under the fair, at fifty cents a meal, fifteen hundred 
mouths a day, for a fortnight, from food furnished, cooked, and served by the 
women of Chicago ; and so orderly and convenient, so practical and wise 
were the arrangements, that, day by day, they had just what they had ordered 
and what they counted on, always enough, and never too much. Tliey 
divided the houses of the town, and levied on No. 16 A street, for five tur- 
keys, on Monday; No. 37 B street, for twelve apple-pies, on Tuesday; No. 
49 C street, for forty pounds of roast beef, on Wednesday ; No. 23 D street 
was to furnish so much pepper on Thursday ; No. 33 E street, so much salt 
on Friday. 

" In short, every preparation was made in advance, at the least incon- 
venience possible to the peojjle, to distribute in the most equal manner the 
welcome burden of feeding the visitors at the fair, at the expense of the good 
people of Chicago, but for the pecuniary benefit of the Sanitary Commission. 
Hundreds of lovely young girls, in simple uniforms, took their places as 
waiters behind the vast array of tables, and everybody was as well served as 
at a first-class hotel, at less expense to himself, and with a great profit to the 



164 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



fair. It is universally conceded that to Mrs. Livermorc and Mrs. Hoge, old 
and tried friends of the soldier and of the Sanitary Commission and its ever- 
active agents, are due the planning, management, and success of this truly 
American exjiloit." 




TUB CHICAGO FAIB DINING HALL. 



The Curiosity Shop had this peculiarity about it, that it occupied a court- 
room, and that, to make room for it, court was adjoui-ned for a fortnight, the 
adjourning judge giving his services to the ladies. The hall was draped with 
flags, fourteen captured from the rebels being conspicuovis. A counter run- 
ning through the centre was covered with trophies, guns, bowie-knives, 
swords, shells, shackles, camji-stools, all of which had a liistory. There was, 
of course, a fragment of the Constitution, and a morsel of the Charter Oak. 
Aquanama, a chief of the Menominees, sent his photograph, and his daughter, 
Emma, three bags made by herself. There were minerals, shells, iron, copper, 
silver ; a snuff-box that had crossed in the Mayflower ; a copy of the first Bible 
printed in America; and bracelets detached from a gigantic Indian skeleton, 
but just exhumed. 

Ill the Art Gallery were collected the best works in Chicago, lent for exhi- 
bition by their owners. Church, Boutelle, Kensett, Eossiter, Angelica Kauff- 
man, G. H. Hall, Healy, Gifford, Cropsey, Craneh, were worthily represented. 
Some raspberries, neatly done up in a leaf, by Hall, and suspended by a nail. 



CUICAGO INCIDENTS. 165 

attracted the notice of a child, who so asked for them and so cried for them 
that he hud to be taken from the room. The authorized " History of the 
Northwestern Fair" wishes tlie reader to infer that the cliild was a judge of 
fruit, and thus indirectly paid the artist a high compliment. AVhy not 
believe him a judge of pictures, and thus compliment the artist still 
more ? He may have been an epicure, but it is quite as easy to believe him 
a connoisseur ; and a little boy weeping because his father denies him a mas- 
terpiece, certainly offers as pleasant a sight as an urchin crying for rasp- 
beiTies. The success of this exhibition may be gathered from the fact that 
the gallery remained open a fortnight after the close of the fail-, and that the 
whole expenses were defrayed by the sale of catalogues ! 

A series of entertainments, rehearsed for the occasion, were given in the 
evening at Metropolitan Hall, Mrs. Livermore being deputed to preside over 
the department of public amusements. First, a concert by two hundred chil- 
dren dressed in white and crowned with flowens, whose every song was en- 
cored ; second, an exhibition of tableaux upon a revolving platform ; third, 
another series of tableaux by a part}^ from Detroit; then a concert; after that 
an olio of readings and recitations ; then a promenade concert, more tableaux, 
and, tinally, two lectures. Nearly $4,500 were realized by these well-spent 
evenings at Metropolitan Hall. 

'•The Volunteer," a daily evening newspaper, edited by Mr. Frank D. 
Carley, and sold by young maidens acting as colporteurs — the authorized his- 
tory says "newsboys" — paid its own way and $377 besides. We are perhaps 
indebted to it for the preservation of the following incidents of the fair, 
which are worth preserving a little longer : 

A small sum of money was found in the pocket of a soldier who had 
died in a soutliwestern hospital, and was forwarded to his sister at home. 
Unwilling to apjily these few dollars to any ordinary use, she j>urchased with 
them a quantity of ze^jhyr worsted, and with her own hands knit an afghan, 
offered it to the fair, and had the satisfaction of seeing it .sold for $100. 

A negro woman, who had made her way north from Montgomery, Ala- 
bama, brought her offering to the fair, saying to the secretary : " Please. 
Missus, may dis sheet, what I got wid my own money, and stitched wid my 
own hands, be sold for de Union sojers?" The sheet was sold for a price 
which would have been liberal for a shawl. 

Five baiTcls of potatoes came to the fair from Como, Illinois, the result nf 
the summer's fanning of six 3'oung ladies, who had planted, hoed, and dug 
tiiem. 



166 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Geo. H. Harlow, of Pekin, Illinois, who Lad dedicated a portion of bis 
garden to the army, sent the entire yield to the fair, — eleven bushels of 
potatoes. 

J. W. Durfee, of Quincy, Illinois, planted two acres of ground with 
soldier potatoes, and sent the whole crop to the fair, reserving from it, as 
likely to bear a blessing with them, the small ones for seed. 

The aggregate of children's hoards, gathered from tin boxes, savings' 
banks, and stockings, amounted to several hundred dollars. 

Mrs. Lucinda Brewer, of Sterling, Illinois, a lady in her seventy-eighth 
year, gave eight work-baskets, twenty pin-cushions, and twelve iron-holders, 
made from a bedquilt seventy-two years old, all the work of her own hands. 
Mrs. Mary Ilolbrook, one year older than IMrs. Brewer, and of the same town 
— which may well be named Sterling — gave three pairs of stockings and two 
pairs of mittens, knit with her own fingers. Mrs. Lucy Brown, of Norwich, 
Connecticut, gave a pair of socks, the sixtieth made by herself since the war 
began. Mrs. Richards, of New York, eighty years of age, sent an afghan, the 
product of her own busy fingers and discriminating taste. 

Calender Ditter, a private in the Sixth Minnesota, contributed a specimen 
of what he called jack-knife jewelry, in the form of a pin thus composed : the 
pink centre wliittled from a muscle-shell found in the Eed Eiver of the 
North ; the octagon from a buffalo horn, picked up near Devil's Lake ; tlie 
white from a muscle-shell found on the banks of the Cheyenne ; and the outer 
border from a bufl'alo horn, found near the head-waters of the James. 
"Accept it," wrote private Ditter, "and make the most of it." 

A soldier, who had given one leg and one arm to his country, emjaloyed 
the remaining foot and hand in weaving a basket of Lake Superior osiers. 

The Rev. Mrs. Isaiah Hauser, who resided at Bijnour, nine hundred miles 
inland, northwest from Calcutta, sent to the fair a package of silkworms' 
eggs, and a skein of floss of her own manufacture. Mrs. Hauser, it seems, was 
the wife of a Methodist missionary, and lived in the district which was the 
scene of Nena Sahib's rebellion. She carried on a silk-growing establishment, 
for the purpose of giving employment to orphans in the care of the mission. 
Eggs laid at Bijnour, sent prepaid across the ocean, exhibited at Chicago ! 
They were bought by a gentleman, who, doubtless, remembered the days of 
the morus multicaulis, and who promised to let the world know if eggs from 
India would flourish in Indiana. 

With a soldiers stoiy of a raffle we conclude our catalogue of incidents. 
'•A brave fellow from Chickamauga, who had lain for weeks in the hospital, 



A RAFFLE AT CHICAGO. 



167 



came home to Illinois to recover his health and heal his ■wounded aud almost 
useless limb. His wife had come from her country home to Chicago to meet 
him, and to help him complete his Journey. He said to her, 'Mar}', I must 
go to that fair, if it takes my last dollar. I think I have one left.' Witli the 
help of his wife and his crutches he entered the bazaar, and, as he .said, ' was 
dazzled with its brightness and carried away with its enthusiasm.' It was an 
amazing contrast to the battle-field, hospitals, and barracks he had left behind. 
The glittering pagoda in the centre of Br^-an Hall attracted him, as it did 
every one. x\n elegant cake-basket was being sold in eighteen shares, at one 
dollar a share. 'Ill take a chance for you, Mary,' said the wounded hero, 
and a half shadow fell over the fice of his wife, as she saw his last dollar go. 
The shares were all sold — the drawing commenced, and to our wounded 
brave from Chiekamauga was delivered the cake-basket. Such delight as 
there was over the good luck of the wounded soldier! 'T thought the ladies 
would have cari-ied me on their shoulders, when my name was called as the 
lueky one,' said the happy fellow afterwards, wlien telling the story, ' they 
were so glad I drew the cake-basket — Goil bless 'em ! ' " 

The Chicago Fair brought into the treasury exactly three times as much 
as the most sanguine had dared to hope. To the Women of the Prairi(.' be 
the credit, as is most justly due. 




KLLSWORTn ZOrAVE DRILL. 



The fallowing are the footings of the various departments of the fair, and 
the grand total : 

Total casl. receipts $22,083 i)7 

Admissions and sales 41,423 2^ 

German de[iartment, Mrs. G<ivirii(ii- Saloiiioii, cil' Wisconsin 3,799 95 



168 



THE TRI15UTE BOOK. 



Xet proceeds of the sale of "Tlie Volunteor," Fair Xewspaper $377 15 

Art Gallery receipts 3,726 75 

Dining Hall receipts 6,409 23 

Metropolitan Hall Entertainments 4,419 10 

I'roceeds of Ellsworth Zonave Drill 141 00 

Sale of the oriijinal manuscript of the Prochunatiou of Eniancipatiun. conti-ih- 

iited by Abraham Lincoln 3,000 00 

Supplies not used and sent to the army, market value 4,GG5 61 

T(.ital $90,048 01 

Deduct expenses 11,305 12 

Net proceeds $78jiS2 S9 

The following list gives a fair idea of the variety and value of the con- 
tributions of goods, and of the extent to which an interest in the enterprise 
liad spread : 



Workmen on Hock Island R. R., 
Northwestern R. R., Illinois 
R. R., Steinmetz II. R. R., one 
steam engine 

Peter I) wine, boiler, itc 

S. M. Fassett, canl-pictui'es, [ilio- 
tographs, &c 

Eagle Works Manufacturing Co. 
(every workman subscribing), 
one steam engine 

n. B. Mason, 80 acres of land . . 

G. A. Taylor, 100 acres of land. 

Alanson Reed, piano and organ. 

Root & Cady, piano 

Phaeton buggy fi-om Novelty 
Carriage Works; goats frf)m 
lion. John D. Sargent of 
Durant, Iowa; harness, from 
-T. II. Williamson, and minia- 
ture barn from Roliert Mc- 
Clure 

Barnnm Brothers toys' 

Zenas Cobb & Son, plough .... 

James II. Hoes, silver-plated 
ware 

Mrs. J. B. Drake, clock 

Nowlin & McElwain. silver- 
plated ware 

Je.ssup, Kennedy it Co., silver- 
plated ware 

Burlev it Tvrrell, china 



f500 
500 

1.55 



500 
400 
500 
725 
500 



:",()0 
5(1 



80 
60 



50 
50 



ILLINOIS. 

J. A. Smith, furs 

Mrs. Eben Higgins, afghan .... 

H. W. Austin, hardware 

00 E. Bi.xby, hardware 

00 (ieo. E. Gerts & Co., brushes. . . 

A. Ortniayer, saddles 

00 Palmer & Plamondel, grain- 
separator 

Collins & Burgie, stoves 

00 Alderman G. Ilimrod, stove. . . . 
00 H. R. Caberey, embroideries . . 
00 Fairbanks, Greeideaf & Co., 

00 scales 

00 A. Booth, oysters 

Baxter & Co., millstones 

Easter & (Jammon, mower .... 

W. W. Kimball, parlor organ . , 

C. II. McCormick & Bro., raker. 

Chicago Gas Light and Coke Co. 

Thomas S. Dickerson, scales.. . . 

00 J. T. Ryerson, threslier 

0(1 liowen Brothers, saddlery. &c. 
0(1 Giles, Brother & Co., clock 

Peter Schuttler, lumber wagon . 
00 Lafflin, Smith & Bois, gun- 
00 powder 

Fuller, AVarren & Co., stove .... 
0(1 Jewett & Root, stoves 

A. II. Blackall, coffee 

00 W. R. Wot)d, cloak 

50 Mr.s. Mahlon Ogden, doll 



$50 


00 


75 


00 


55 


00 


50 


00 


60 


00 


58 


00 


90 


00 


86 


00 


88 


00 


76 


00 


300 


00 


1.50 


00 


200 


00 


150 


00 


110 


00 


165 


00 


163 


75 


100 


00 


125 


00 


170 


00 


100 


00 


95 


00 


104 


00 


150 


00 


125 


00 


100 


00 


70 


00 


50 


00 



TIIH ('IIICA(iO FAIR. 



169 



W. B. Keen & Co., books 

Scanlon & Brotliers, candy. . . . 

Fuller, Finch & Fuller, drugs. . 

Wright, confectionci- 

Fargo & Bill, boots 

Gilettc, Whitney & Co., boots. . 

A. D. Tittsworth & Co., clothing 

Scott & Kecne, coat 

Wni. Ross & Co., silk dress .... 

Mrs. Stowe, bonnet 

Mrs. Masson, bonnet 

H. Cook & Co., oysters 

Mr. Peeke, a Magdalen 

R. F. Reed, jjicture 

Singer Manufacturing Co., sew- 
ing-machines 

J. Council & Co., sewing-niu- 
chines 

Mr. Aiken, knittuig-inachine . . . 

Unity Church, fancy goods .... 

Ladies of the Clifton House. . . . 

A. 11. Ilovey and family, goods, 
besides a cash donation 

G. T. Ilealy, [lortruit of Daniel 
Webster, and (jther jiictures. . 

Mrs. Ilobart, profit on books. . . 

Barber & Hawley, Decatur, one 
mower, one harvester, ttc. . . . 

Mrs. J. II. Miller, Blooming- 
ton, wreath, one year in ma- 
king 

R. J. Bennet, Diamond Lake, 100 
tine potatoes, many of them 
selling for $1 each 

Citizens of Elk, 22 wagon-loads 
of produce 

D. C. Scofield, Elgin, evergreen. 

Citizens of Fremont, 20 loads of 
produce 



$.50 4.5 

50 00 

ilO 00 

50 0(» 

50 0(1 

50 Oil 

TO 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

200 0(1 

200 0(1 

KIO (10 

152 00 

liio 00 
75 00 

■100 00 
80 00 

CjO 0(1 

550 00 
100 00 

440 00 



100 00 

40 00 

500 00 
50 00 

412 00 



"Madam J. S. Caiitichl an<l Mrs. 
M. Drake, together with the 
young women in the cloak 
room of Wm. Ross & Co., 
who gave the material, fancy 
goods made after business 
hours 

Mrs. Senator Tnimbiill, plioto- 
graphio allnnu, with auto- 
graphs 

Mrs. AVm. E. Doggett, all)um. . . 

•f. C. Carbutt, card pictures .... 

.\lfred II. Wise, Freeport, grain 
drill ' . . . . 

tfoo. W. Brown, tJalesburg, and 
his workmen, one corn-planter, 
besides produce 

D. II. Slierman, Goodale, wagon 
load of produce 

Dilhnan ifc Co., Julien, reaper, 
.tc 

Farmers of Liliertyville, 5 loads 
of produce 

Charles II. Deere, Molini', ;! 
ploughs 

Clark & Utter, liockford, sugar- 
cane crusher 

Thompson & Co., .'Oid their 
workmen, do., reaper, itc . . . 

J. T. Robertson, do., dressing- 
gown 

Chas. M. Pike, Springfield, bu.st 
of Secretary Chase, &c 

S. M. Coe, St. Charles, sewing- 
machine 

Citizens of Warren, produce . . . 

Citizens of Wauconda, produce. 

Soldiers' Aid and Needle Picket 
Societies of Illinoi-s, say 



^ICiO 00 



(io 00 

loo 0(1 

50 00 
80 00 



52 


00 


103 


00 


•joo 


oO 


110 


00 


SO 


00 


100 


00 


145 


00 


75 


0(1 


300 


00 


85 


00 


1 i)0 


00 


218 


00 



5,000 00 



Mi('iii(;.\N'. 

Mrs. James, (Jrand Rapids, ('. 11. lllair. Michigan City, 5 bbls. 

Turkish table $100 00 of cranberries $40 (10 

Soldiers' Aid Societies, say IHlO 00 



MINNESOTA. 



Soldiers' -Vid Societies, say 



$250 00 



WISCONSIN. 
Geo. Dyer & Co., Milwaukee, 11. L. Hroughton, Milwaukee, 

.silver-pl:ited buggy liarness . $<)5 00 sewing onichine $58 00 



170 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Mi-s. (t. W. Allen, Milwaukee, 
baskets and bouquet of im- 
mortelles, ito 

Sherwin, Norwell & Pratt, Mil- 
waukee, silk dre.ss, point lace 
bandkercliief, &e 

Sexton Brothers, Milwaukee, 
dry goods 

Mrs. Dunn, Milwaukee, bonnet 
and liead-dress 

Wells & Sinionds, Milwaukee, 
clotliinjr 

Miss E. Miller, Milwaukee, liair 
bracelet 

15Iair & Persons, Milwaukee, sil- 
ver-[ilated ware 

Bradford Brothers, Milwaukee, 
dry goods 

Bradley «fe Metealf, Milwaukee, 
shoes 



Mr. Tan Cott, Milwaukee, plated 

w are 

^.■jO dii E. W. Skinner, Madison, sugar- 
cane mill 

Mrs. B. II. Hopkins ami otlier 
10.5 84 ladies of Madison, an afglian, 

worth 

,')0 00 Citizens of Oslikosh, various ar- 
ticles 

(10 Oil J. J. Case & Co., Pvacine, thresh- 

ing-niacbine 

50 00 Rev. John Reynard, Sliullsburg, 
a large specimen of Galena 

.TO 00 iron pyrites and blende 

Ladies of Shullsburg, a cabinet 
411 00 and collection of minerals, 

worth 

50 00 George Esterly, Wliite Water. 

reaper and mower 

50 00 Soldiers' Aid Societies, say .... 



$40 


00 


90 


00 


40 


00 


130 


00 


450 


00 



150 00 



700 00 

150 00 
.3,000 00 



llortsman, Brother & Co., Phil- 
adelphia, presentation sword, 
belt, and sword-knot 

Also, a set of embroidered re- 
galia, I. O. of O. P 

I). Landreth & Son, Philadel- 
phia, 100 boxes garden seed. . 

Singer, Nimmick & Co., Pitts- 
burgh, one cannon 

Lyon, Sborb & Co., Pittsburgh, 
one sheet-iron turret 

Also, one sheet of flange iron . . 

Laughlin & Jones, Pittsburgli. 
nails 

Spange, Chelfant & Co.. Pitts- 
burgh, nrjls 

Wm. S. Haven & Co., Pitts- 
burgh, blank-books and sta- 
tionery 

Citizens of Pittsburgh, fancy 
articles, &c 

Bissell & Co., Pittsburgh, grate 
and fender 



Alexander T. Stewart, New 
York, one India camel's hair 
shawl 

Other articles 



PENNSYLVANIA. 

R. C. Townsend, Pittsburgh, 
rivets $fiO 00 

Haihnan, Rahm & Co., Pitts- 
burgh, axles, carriage-springs, 
&o 73 00 

Zug, Painter & Co., Pittslim-gli, 
20 kegs nails 110 00 

McKnight & Co., Pittsburgh, 

12 kegs nails (ifi 00 

James Wood & Co., Pittsburgh, 
20 kegs nails 100 00 

Lloyd & Black, Pittsburgh, 1!) 
kegs nails 104 50 

Megraw's Banner, Pittsburgh, 
one box tobacco 50 00 

II. Childs & Co., Pittsburgh, 5 

boxes cotton batting 58 80 

J. M. Spence, Pittsburgh, one vel- 
vet cloak 200 00 

Miss Addison, Pittsburgh, en- 
graving and oil painting 40 00 

Trevor McClurg, Pittsburgh, 2 

oil paintings 400 00 

NEW YORK. 

John H. Williams, New York, 
one proof coi)y of Church's 

$800 00 picture of Niagara $50 00 

100 00 



$200 


00 


100 


00 


200 


00 


1.50 


00 


100 


00 


130 


(Ml 


100 


00 


1011 


00 


150 


00 


2.000 


00 


175 


00 



THE BOSTON FA Hi. 171 

Capt. Jay & Co., New York, Appleton & Co., Nl'W York, one 

Chinese andJapanese goods . . i^:300 00 set Encyelopediu, l(i vols $04 00 

Hudson's Coffee Mills, New The American Watch Co., silver 

York, 100 lbs. best Java hunting liartlett watcli 00 00 

coffee r,0 00 Daniel Ripley, New York, 2o() 

Messrs. Meeker and Maidhof, lbs. Java coffee ]oo 00 

New York, fancy goods 00 00 Carter & Brother, New York, 

Mr.s. S. S. Osi;ood, New \''ork, books ."iO 00 

oriental album and cameo. . . 100 00 J. P. Hale, New York, piano. . . 500 00 

IOWA. 
Mr. Gabriel Carpenter, Cedar Mrs. L. Bellows, Lyons, case of 

Rapids, lot in Cedar Rapids, wa.x flowers $40 00 

No. 4 in block No. 10 $100 00 Suldiers' Aid Societies, say 1,000 00 

CONNECTICUT. 

Ladies of Hartford, goods $1.54 10 Miss E. C. Greene, Norwich, 

Treat & Linsley, New Haven, embroidered saddle $100 00 

gne melodeon 200 00 Soldiers' Aid Society of Norwich 400 00 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
Chickering & Son, Boston, piano $000 00 James M. liarnuni, Boston, a 
Professors Agassiz and Long- large and valuable collection 
fellow, Cambridge, tine col- ofchina vases, cameos, albums, 
lections of their works. and curiosities l.^iOO oo 

Chicago, at first satisfied with the result (if her fair, but afterwards dis- 
contented with it, determined to try again. She Iield her second fair in May 
and June, 1865, of which, in time and place, we shall make due record. 

The next fair, in order of date, was that of Boston, which opened on the 
14th of December, 1863. As, however, we have not space to give the details 
of more than one fair in a city, and as the reasons why we should give the 
preference to the National Sailors" Fair, held in Bo.ston in the fall of 1864, 
are too obvious to retj^uire mention, we make no further i-eference to tlie first. 
merely chronicling the fact that the net proceeds were about $146,000.* In 
the case of Chicago and Boston, the spirit of emulation was not called into 
play, while in that of Cincinnati and Brooklyn it very evidently was. The 



* The flgures are as follows : 

Admission fees $25,777 40 

Sales, Exhibitions, Curiosity Shop, &c 127,881 .57 

Total receipts $1.53,0.58 97 

Deduct expenses 7,708 12 

Net receipts $14.5,9.50 85 

This ijroportion of expenses to receipts is the smallest in tlie scries. 



172 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



later a fair in the series, the greater the momentum acquired. Had the New 
York fair been held first, no one can believe that it would have yielded a mil- 
lion and over. Boston and Chicago, the earliest in the list, were conscious 
of the disadvantages under which they labored; and both of them have 
held a second fair to make up for the confessed short-comings of the first. 
Count the two fairs as one, and Boston and Chicago have done as well as the 
best. 

And now comes Rochester. The Aid Society of this city had considered 
the plan, during the summer of 1863, of securing a regular income by means 
of monthly subscriptions, and the city was divided into districts, that it 
might be effectually canvassed. It proved impossible, however, to find 
persons willing to undertake the thankless task. As every thing had been 
done in the way of concerts, lectures and entertainments, which seemed 
likely to produce favorable results, there seemed no device left, which had 
proved of service elsewhere, but a fair or bazaar ; but the prevailing opin- 
ion was, that however successful schemes of this sort had been in Bufialo, 
&c., they would never do in Rochester. An incident occurretl in September, 

however, which showed 
the absolute necessity 
of harmonizing con- 
flicting views, and of 
buckling on the har- 
ness in earnest, and this 
incident was the dis- 
covery, on balancing 
the accounts, that there 
was a reserve in the 
treasury of exactly one 

CENT. 

energy, zeal, and ingenuity, which had tlius flxr lain dormant in the 
Rochester breast, now awoke to action. A standing committee on finance was 
appointed, whose duty it was to invent, devise, or otherwise procure, the means 
of raising money, and a Christmas fair was unanimously decided upon. Two 
ladies were sent to Buifalo, to take counsel with and advice fi'om ladies who 
had labored successfully in a similar enterprise there. The Buifalo ladies 
placed at the disposal of their Rochester colleagues any properties and appli- 
ances remaining from their own bazaar; the use of Corinthian Hall was prom- 
ised by its public-spirited proprietor; the Gas Company proSered illumination 




DISCOVEIiY OF A BAI.AME OF ONE <:EN'r. 



Th. 



TIJE ROCUESTJiU CllUlSTxMAS 15AZAAR. 173 

without measure and without metre. Messrs. Sherlock & Sloan supplemented 
this generous proposal by another equally so — to furnish and put up the 
necessary lixtures to enable the now doubly gratuitous gas to burn, whether 
in single jet or in national coruscations. Three gentlemen, -whose assistance, 
offered in days of discouragement, entitled tlicm to the title of " Lafayettes of 
the cause," Messrs. Reynolds, Searle, and Wilder, commenced their artistic 
and patient labors ; Messrs. Frost and Brothers (Jack of that name not being 
one of the firm), who dealt in trees and plants and flowers, offered to build 
and furnish a landscape from their nursery, and call it Fairy Land ; the owner 
of the Rochester AthcnaMim lent it for an exhibition of pictures; Corinthian 
Hall was insured and the receipted bill handed in by a party of gentlemen ; so 
that all concerned now felt that the ice of discouragement was broken up. 
"A vortex of interest was plainly perceptible, drawing the whole community 
into its whirling current; woe, now", to any adverse plans and purposes that 
ventured near the outer edge of this fatal maelstrom, for they were sure to be 
wrecked." 

The principal committees of the Rochester Christmas Bazaar- were thus 
composed : 

COMMITTEE OF AEKANGEMENTS. 

Mrs. W. B. Williams, Cbaii-man ; Mi's. L. Famir, Mrs. II. A. Brewster, Mrs. Geovfje P. 
Townsend, Mrs. L. Gardner, Mrs. A. S. Mann, Miss R. B. Lons, Mrs. J. W. Bissell, Mrs. 
George H. Mumford, Mrs. 0. Robinson, Mrs. L. C. Smith, and Mrs. II. L. Ver Valin. 

BOOTH COMMITTEES. 

Russian. — Mrs. George P. Townsend, Cliairman ; Misses E. Brcck, M. Craig, Mrs. M. O. 
McCloskey, and Mr. T. Tone. 

Turkish. — Mrs. C. F. Smith, Chairman; Mrs. J. II. Brewster, Mrs. J. Hart, and Mr. 
J. Ely. 

Itnli<in. — Miss E. L. Smitli, Chairman; Misses F. Biden, E. Fnlton, E. McKay, M. Selig- 
man, and Mr. (). Palmer. 

Irish. — Mrs. Hone and Mrs. Tone, Chairmen ; Misses K. Allen, Brennan, Cunningham, 
K. Kearney, and Mr. Ilone. 

Yanl-ee. — Mrs. M. Rochester, Cli.iirnian; Mrs. S. Ive.s, Miss M. Selden, and Mr. L. Ward. 

Side Show. — Aid. George Darling, Lecturer. Showmen, Messrs. C. Pond, A.Taylor, and 
0. Upton. 

National. — Mrs. A. S. Mann, Chairman ; Mrs. J. Chamberlain, Mrs. R. Milliman, Mrs. 
George Peck, Mrs. S. W. Updike, Mrs. II. L. Ver Valin, Mrs. .J. Ward, Mrs. E. F. Wilson, 
Misses E. Dwindle, A. Dwinelle, L. Mitchell, K. Mitchell, J. Wilson, and Messrs. II. Hunt- 
ington, F. Mitchell, and Master .J. Bissell. 

Shaker (included within the National). — Miss C. L. Rochester, Chairman; Misses S. 
Mather, K. Van Every, and Mr. Geo. Elwood. 

Young America. — Mrs. B. Viele. Chairman ; .Jennie Brewster, Mai-y Chapman, I.illa 
Williams, Bella Strong, M.ary Updike, Maggie Nichols, little Miss Fairchihl, an<l Miss Morse. 

Gipsey Tent. — Miss C. Guernsey, Chairman; Mrs. S. A. Canfield, Mrs. T. 1). Kemiiton, 
Misses Wells, and E. Woodworth, and Mr. Woodworth. 



174 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Wiffieani. — Mrs. J. Whitney, Chairman ; Miss A. Tahnan. Mr. S. S. Partridge, and Mr. 
F. Tahnan. 

English and Scotch. — Miss Alice Lncas, Chairman ; Misses A. Heed, C. Wliitney, L. 
Whitney, N. "Williams, Mr. A. Williams, and Master Wilson. 

German and Sioiss. — Miss 11. Mnmford, Chairman; Mrs. W. Hnsh, Misses Schermerhurn 
and L. Selden, and Mr. F. A. Maconiber. 

Chinese. — Miss A. Hyatt, Chairman; Misses F. Baltzall, .1. Hyatt, and L. Strong, Mr. 11. 
Hyatt and J. D. Hnsliands, Jr. 

French.— yLv&.^ . II. Ward, Chairman; Mrs. L. W. Clark. Mr, A. Smitli. Miss 11. Ward, 
Mr. O. W. Perrin, and T. W. AVhittlesey. 

Fairy Land Booth. — Miss J. Selden, Chairman; Misses L. B. Northrop, E. Pitman. IL 
Tompkins, H. Johnson, and Mrs. W. W. liegeman. 

Confectionery. — Mrs. T. A. Newton, Chairman ; and Mrs. Carter. 

Caie and Cream. — Mrs. E. L. Pottle, Mrs. A. Morse, Mrs. E, T, Huntington, Mrs. J. D. 
Husbands, and Mr. E. L. Pottle. 

I'OMMITTEE ON nEFRESII.MENTS. 

Mrs. W. K. Williams, Cliairman ; Mrs. L. C. Smith, Mrs. E. T. Huntington, and Mrs. 
Amon f5ronson. Chairmen of sub-committees. 

The opening ceremonies took place on the evening of tlio 1-lth uf Decem- 
ber. Success is usually attested by a jam, and one lact will bear witness to 
the tremendous sensation created by the event. Two acres of people strove 
to be the first to pass the gate; and we are told, ujjon Rochester authority, 
that " their distracted and tumultuous individual experiences painfully showed 
what success they had had." Another authority declares the pressure to have 
been two hundred to the square inch. 

The bazaar proper was divided into eight international booths, the Rus- 
sian, Turkish, Italian, Irish, English and Scotch, German and Swiss, Chinese, 
and French, which occupied two sides of the hall ; Fairv Land, a combina- 
tion of evergreen, fruit, flowers and perfumery, filling the lower end. while 
the National Booth held the center of the upper end ; on one side of this 
was the Yankee Booth with the Side Show in the corner; on the other side 
was the Childrens' Department, or Young America, the remaining corner 
being occupied by the Gipsey Tent and Wigwam. On the first few evenings 
the bazaar was opened in tableau, the tenants of the booths taking, and for 
some minutes maintaining, attitudes illustrative of their nationality and occu- 
pation; this idea, though theoretically good, proved practically unsound and 
was soon abandoned. 

The Russian Booth was covered by a snow-capped dome, with ice-clad 
pines around it to enhance its suggestiveness. The thermometer here stood 
at zero. The occupants were clothed in a manner befitting the clime, and 
offered for sale -such articles as are usually bought in cold weather — skates. 



THE BAZAAli lll'LLETIX. 175 

mittens, sleds, furs ; as well, also, as such summer articles as were made of 
Russia leather. 

In the Turkish Booth, surrounded by oriental trappings and attired in 
luxurious liabits, sat or reclined, in happy indolence, tlie Grand Turk, smok- 
ing his narghile, the Sultana, the Circassian and the Greek. Italy, the next 
door, represented by Roman and Calubrian peasants in holiday attire, sold 
pictures, statuettes, and vases ; farther on, ladies clad in white and green 
offered the productions of the Irisli hioins. England and Scotland came next, 
under the branching horns of the deer; here highland laddies and their lassies, 
attended, and, from time to time, 'serenaded by a bag-pipe, offered the wares 
of Britannia, with no Britannia ware among them. At the Swiss and Ger- 
man Booth, Santa Glaus, attracted by evergreens and Christmas trees, had 
naturally fixed his head-quarters; and here his gifts were dispensed by Swiss 
and Ilungarian peasants. Just on the other side of the partition, enthroned 
in glory, sat the majestic mandarin and the daughters of the moon ; not too 
dignified, however, to dispose of the nimble fire-cracker or the refresliing 
hyson ; beyond, was the vivacious Frenchman, assisted by madame and a lively 
grisette, incarnating the land and disposing of the knicknacks of the par- 
lezvous. 

Fairy Land was, as has been said, a landscape. There was a backgi-ound 
of rocks and trees; a fountain playing against it; flowering plants bloomed in 
the foreground, wreaths of evergreen hung from ceiling to pillar, and birds 
of brilliant plumage perched upon the trees. Messrs. Frost furnished the 
trees and flowers, and they were combined into harmonious forms by a gen- 
tleman who must have foreseen he would be thenceforth known as the Otto 
of roses. Here was the Candy Arbor, much frequented by children ; and 
hard by a pyramid of perfumery, where the odors of Araby proclaimed upon 
every package the sums in which they had been mulcted by the assessor of 
their district. 

Crossing Corinthian Hall, we noticed, if it happened to be in tiie day-time, 
a number of tables, seating eight persons each, forming the restaurant depart- 
ment of the fair. Here, while we waited, young ladies waited, too. Roch- 
ester approved of their costume — and so doubtless would the gallant Earl of 
that name — consisting, as it did, of a red skirt, white apron and garibaldi, 
and blue peasant waist. An unscrupulous journal, known as the "' Bazaar Bul- 
letin," alluding to the graceful head-dress worn by these young persons, said 
that it "capped the climax." To call a lady's head her climax, is, perhaps, 
good and pciTnissible ; but is there not danger that we may soon hear of an 



176 thp: tribute book 

anti-climax from the same quarter, and be told that it means a lady's heel? 
Such license should be discouraged. 

The red skirts worn by these young ladies were made of the flannel pur- 
chased, and to be afterwards used, for soldiers' shirts; in ftxct, each skirt was 
composed of two shirt bodies tacked together, to be separated and put to 
their legitimate use after the fair. It was justly thought in Rochester that no 
soldier would object to garments having such a history. 

We have crossed Corinthian Hall, and stand before the National Booth. 
This was as large as any three of the international subdivisions ; and ladies 
clad in red, white and blue, officiated at its free-trade altars. In a subordi- 
nate department, called the Shaker Group, Brother Broadbrim, aided by three 
sisters as demure as himself, dispensed the products of Lebanon industry, 
pennyroyal, willow ware, valerian, feather fans, and apple butter. Young 
America, personated by a minor major-general, offered juvenile fancy work, 
principally the gifts of boys and girls of his own age. Fortunes were told 
in the Gipsey Tent, and moccasins and bead bags disposed of in the Wig- 
wam of the Sachem. 

We have reserved all mention of the distinctive feature of the Rochester 
Bazaar for the end. This was the Yankee Booth, with a Side Show attached. 
The booth was administered by the firm of Jonathan Slick & Co., consisting 
of old Mrs. Slick and her three children, Jonathan, Soplironia, and Jerusha. 
Sophrony was the business manager; Jerushy, ju.st returned from boarding- 
school, and having a soul above pursuits so grovelling, held herself aloof 
The varied products of New England, of the class denominated notions, could 
be bought, seen, drunk, and eaten at this establishment; you might buy a 
jack-knife, see a cheriy-colored cat, drink a glass of cider, and cat a doughnut. 
The animals exhibited at the Side Show were for the most part political 
caricatures, and the eflTorts of Mr. Darling, the showman, are described in the 
local chronicles as the very acme of huniorous eloquence. 

Outside of Corinthian Hall were three detached dcjjartments of the 
bazaar — the Art Gallery, the Stereopticon, and the Exchange Street Depot ; 
the first an impromptu and beautiful collection of paintings and statuary ; 
the second a suite of rooms for the sale of card photographs, of albums, of 
ambrotypes in carved and rustic frames, and for the exhibition of stereoscopic 
views ; the third a store-house for the reception of such bulky articles as 
would have been out of place in Corinthian Hall. Appended is a statement 
of the profits of every booth and division of the fair : 



THE ROCHESTER ENCAMPMENT. 



177 



Russian Booth $178 CO 

Turkish Booth 275 30 

Italian Bootli 10-1 87 

Irisli Bootli 444 00 

Yankee Booth and Side Show .... 804 05 

National Booth 1,130 56 

Shaker Department 161 00 

Young America 211 08 

Gipsey Booth 151 40 

Wigwam 142 03 

English and Scotch Booth 508 00 

German and Swiss Booth 420 78 

Chinese Booth 207 10 

French Booth 468 05 

Fairv Land Booth 47 98 



Confectionary Department 126 31 

Cake and Ice Cream Table 273 47 

General Refreshments 054 90 

Ticket Department 3,201 27 

" Bazaar Bulletin" 13 50 

Art Gallery 524 65 

Stereopticon 278 95 

Exchange Street Depot 43 00 

Donations in cash 570 42 

Sundry sales 167 10 



Total $11,638 33 

Deduct expenses 1,318 51 

Net profit $10,319 82 



Thus the balance of one cent found in the treasury had been placed out at 
interest, and had yielded a return unparalleled in the annals of usury. 

Encouraged by the success of the bazaar, it was decided during the follow- 
ing winter to have another, with this modification, that it should be called an 
Encampment, that the booths should be tents, that the policemen should be 
sentries, that the officers of the occasion should congregate at "Headquar- 
ters," and that a mounted cannon and a palisade of muskets should assist 
these martial accessories in imposing upon the credulity of visitors. Such an 
encampment was held, and a tented field was spread upon the floor of Co- 
rinthian Hall. Even Santa Claus became imbued with the military spirit ; no 
longer descending chimnej's like a burglar or visiting stockings like a ghost, 
he donned the stars of a major-general and camped out under canvas. The 
Side Show, which had helped to laugh out 1863, did as much for 1864, but it 
was done under the strong hand of military law. Tlie Living Wax Work 
was similarly honored ; and the visitor might, under proper restraint of the 
bayonet, hold a moment's converse with Lady Ealeigh, worry Anne Page 
with curious inquiries as to the suit of Master Slender, or congratulate Molly 
Stark upon the general's gallantry at Bennington. 

Armies have ere this been held fiist by mud, fleets have been stranded by 
the storm ; high water has swept away pontoons, and low water has left gun- 
boats to stretch their seams u])on the shoals. Camps have been flooded when 
the torrents have descended, and why should a Christmas Encampment claim 
immunity from the skies ? " Oh !" exclaims the editor of the " Soldiers' Aid,'' 
" the weather was our most inveterate foe. King Boreas arrayed his coliorts 
vigorously and pertinaciously against us. Snow, rain, mud, sleet, wind, and 
cold were called into requisition, and operated in every conceivable manner 

12 



178 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

throughout the entire campaign to check our advance, cut off our supplies, 
and drive us from the field. That we were al)le to maintain our ground at 
all, under such circumstances, and still keep the good Aid Flag flying, is, we 
claim, a victory." 

The net receipts of the Encampment fell somewhat short of $3,000 ; but 
let the blame, if any there be, rest upon the meteorological, not military, 
authorities. 

From Eochester to Cincinnati, by the lightning train. But before speak- 
ing in detail of the Great Western Fair, the next of these festivals in order of 
time, a word or two are necessary upon the Cincinnati Branch of the commis- 
sion, under whose auspices it was held. 

In May, 1861, one of the United States marine hospitals, lately erected and 
not yet finished, was given to a board of ladies and gentlemen organized for 
the reception and care of sick and wounded soldiers. This building was 
stocked, and its operations carried on for four months, without cost to the 
country ; in August, the medical director of the department took charge of it, 
and it lias since been conducted by the government. 

On the 27th of November, the Cincinnati Branch of the Sanitary Commis- 
sion was formally organized at a meeting of the gentlemen who had received 
appointments as associate members, at the house of Dr. Mussey.* They im- 
mediately commenced their labors. A Central Ladies' Aid Society for Cincin- 
nati was established, the co-operation of more than forty ladies' societies being 
thus secured in Hamilton county alone. They caused the camps and hospitals 
near Cincinnati to be subjected to inspection, and furnished all necessary 
relief. They were present in person at Perryville, Fort Donelson, and Shiloh, 
calling to their aid the sen'ices of the best physicians and surgeons of the 



* The orijanization was as follows : 



Pirxiilenf, 

R. W. BlKNET. 



yice-P}'esid€7it>i, 
Geo, Hoadlt, Larz Anderson. 

2iecording Secretary^ 
y- — S. J. Broadwell. 

^y^ Exeaitive Committee^ 

K. W. BuRN"ET, TnoMAs G. OmoRNE, Charles F. WiLSTAcn. 

Geo. K. Shoenberger, A. Aub, M. Bailey, Eli C. Baldwin, Joshua H. Bates, E. S. Brooks, A. E. Cliara- 
berlin, Rev. B.'W. Chidlaw, Charles E. Cist, C. G. Comeijys, M. D., Geo. F. Davis, Charles R. Eos- 
diek, L. B. Harrison, .James M. Johnston, B. F. Baker, David Judkius, M. D.. Edward Mead, M. D., 
Geo. Mendenhall, M. D., W. 11. Mussey, M. D., Henry Pearee, Elliot H. Pendleton, Chas. Thomas. 
Mark E. Reeves, E. T. Robbins, all of Cineinnati ; Charles Butler, of Franklin ; James McDaniel, 
J. D. Phillips, R. W. Steele, of Dayton ; David S. Brooks, of Zanesville. 

Treasury, the First National Bank of Cineinnati. 



THE CINCINNATI BRANCH. 179 

city. Tliej contributed to the equipment of thirty-two steamers running in 
Western waters, transporting supplies and bringing home the sick and 
wounded. The aid rendered on the Donelson field by the steamer " Allen 
Collier," chartered by the citizens and stocked by the commission, saved hun- 
dreds of lives. The Collier was the first steamer to ascend the Cumberland 
after the battle ; the wounded were aljsoluteh^ without medicines, the floating 
hospital having on board no chloroform, but two ounces of cerate, no meat, no 
wood, and neither a spoon nor a candlestick. The suffering alleviated by the 
arrival of a steamer laden with hospital supplies can be imagined. 

Tlie members of the Cincinnati Branch afterwards travelled thousands of 
miles on their errands of mercy ; they aided the government in tlie establish- 
ment of eight hospitals in Cincinnati, and Covington, Kentucky; they sug- 
gested and assisted in the labor of converting Camp Dennison into a general 
hospital. They bought furniture, became responsible for rent and the pay of 
nurses, provided material for the supply-table, hired physicians, and in num- 
berless ways secured that full and careful attention to the care and comfort of 
the soldier which, from inexperience, want of means, or the fear of responsi- 
bility, would otherwise, dui'ing the first and second years of the war, liavc 
been wanting. In May, 1862, they established a Soldiers' Home, where, up to 
the close of 1864, eighty thousand soldiers had been entertained, three hundred 
and seventy-two thousand meals having been furnished in that time. They 
interested themselves in obtaining a burial-place for Ohio soldiers in Spring 
Grove Cemetery, inducing the trustees to give one lot gratuitously, and the 
legislature to buy two otliers at a merely nominal jirice. All the soldiers who 
lie in the first lot were interred at the expense of the trustees. 

Up to the time of holding the fair, the Cincinnati Branch had received 
and disbursed tlie following sums, excluding ij^S.OOO which had been ap- 
propriated by the state and the city, with which, of course, we liave nothing 
to do: 

Donations from citizens of Cincinnati $38,2fi.5 73 

" " Oliio U,42.'i 4.3 

Sales of unconsumed rations at Soldiers' Home 2,175 52 

Donations from citizens of California 15,000 00 

Interest and premium on securities 5,655 00 

Total $7.5,510 08 

The value of supplies received in kind during the same period was not 
far from $1,000,000. 



180 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



rt^ 



i;? 






f m&h - cr. Urn. ' ^ 




ATE in tlie fall of 1863, the funds of the branch were 
running low and the calls for aid were by no means decreas- 
ing. The members began to look about them. The peo- 
ple were prosperous, their pockets were comfortably lined, 
but the difficulty appeared to be to get at them. What 
was wanted was an effective means of appeal. "Why," 
suggested " A Lady" in several of the daily papers, " Chicago has lately held 
what they call there a Sanitary Fair ; why not have one in Cincinnati — only, 
of course, a much better one, a much finer one, and a much bigger one." The 
healthy competition existing between Cincinnati and Chicago is well known. 
So calls were issued, meetings held, and resolutions aj^proved ; pretty soon 
officers were elected, committees appointed, and a conference was had with 
the ladies, who had also been holding meetings and passing resolutions. The 
two segments speedily came together, and the papers and the mails very soon 
teemed with earnest appeals for assistance. Christmas was coming, and it 
was not long ere the sentiment of young Ohio was pretty unanimously this: 
"Give my present to the soldiers; lean wait and they can't." Thus the 



tjip: great western fair. isi 

bread was thrown upon the waters, and how it returned may be told in a 
word : tliere were more holiday presents bought than ever ; but they were all 
bought at the fair. 

The following officei's for the Great Western Fair had now been appointed, 
and were hard at work : 

President, 
Majok-Genekal W. S. Eoseceans. 

Vice-President, Second Vice-President, 

Matoe IIaeeis. Mes. De. Mendexhall. 

Treasurer, Correspondinr; Secretary, 

RoBEKT W. BURXET. JoilN I). CaLDWELL. 

Execxitice Committee, 

EdOAE CONKLING, D. T. WoODEOW, 

CiiAELEs Reakiet, Benjamin Beuce, 

Chaeles F. Wilstacii, L. C. Hopkins, 

James Dai.ton, Chaeles E. Cisii, 

Mes. Hosea, Mes. W. F. Nelson, 

Mes. Joseph Tilnet, Mes. R. M. W. Tatloe, 

Mes. John Keblee, Mrs. Staebvck, 
Mes. Joseph Gcild. 

Not long after, the chairmen of the various sub-committees reported prog- 
ress. The Building Committee were erecting two mammoth edifices, four 
hundred feet long and sixty wide. Various halls, concert-rooms, etc., had 
been engaged, and preparations were in a forward state. The Committee on 
Transportation had made an arrangement with the railroad and steamboat 
companies by which the latter would sell, once a week, during the contin- 
uance of the fair, a round-trip ticket at half price, and give the whole to the 
fair ; and this, besides ean-ying all packages for tlie fair gratuitously. The 
Committee on Finance had obtained about $5,000. The Committee on Enter- 
tainments had been promised a night at the OjDcra House, and the services 
of the Newport Military Band. The Committee on the Entertainment of 
Strangers were preparing to assume their hospitable duties. Every thing 
augured well; the population of the interior towns had been well stirred, 
nay, probed, by the thousands of circulars that had been sent them; the 
railroads were already beginning to groan ; and the indications were abundant 
that, as the President of the Sanitary Commission had ventured to pre- 
dict, Cincinnati would be content with nothing less than six figures, the first 
figure of the six being, at the very least, a two. One hundred and nineteen 



183 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 




COMMITTEE ON ENTERTAINMENT OP 8TRANGERH — AT WORK. 



organizations, eitlier aid societies, clmrches, circles, or schools, had signified 
their intention of being represented by delegates or tables. 

Two of the devices of the Fi- 
nance Committee deserve especial 
mention. Tlio first of these was a 
proposition that persons should con- 
tribute to a fund in sums of $20, 
or of some multiple of $20 ; this 
should be invested in United States 
Five-Twenty Bonds, and, at the 
close of the fair, one quarter of the 
bonds should be redistributed to 
the subscribers by lot. Thus a con- 
tributor of $20 might get a $1,000 
bond, and yet three quarters of the amount subscribed would still reach the 
commission. The table of results will show that the fair obtained some 
$1,000 from this source. The other device was to give to each contributor 
of small sums, from $1 to $10, a certificate bearing the signature and 
portrait of General Eosecrans, and a vignette of the Goddess of Liberty. 
$10,000 were produced by the sale of these certificates, which were popularly 
called " Sanitary Whitebacks." 

The Great Western Fair opened on the day appointed, the 21st of Decem- 
ber. A welcoming address by Gen. Eosecrans, a prayer by Bishop Mcllvaine, 
" My Country, "tis of Thee," sung by nine hundred children of the public 
schools, and speeches by distinguished gentlemen, formed the ceremonial of 
dedication. Tiie fair projjer, or sale of goods, did not begin till evening. 
Then, according to all accounts, a vision of beauty burst upon the astounded 
gaze. The spectator was regaled with a glimpse of Fairy Land. He saw 
before him wares " ranged in graceful rows, pendent in delicate clusters, or 
heaped in gorgeous piles." " Ophir had disgorged the richest plunder of its 
caverns." One circumstance favored the Cincinnatians exceedingly — the 
season. It is true that the Chicago festival had been set in the gorgeous 
mounting of an American autumn, and had profited by the associations of 
harvest time and the approaching thanksgiving ; it is true that the Philadel- 
phians were to make ready to greet the roses and the buds of the early sum- 
mer; but Boston, New York, and Brooklyn would receive no fivor from any 
conjunction of the stars, no extrinsic aid from the season, the time, or the 
hour. Now Cincinnati had chosen the very witching season of the year, 



THE COMMITTEE ON EVERGREENS. 



183 







WORK OF THE roMMtlTEE ON EVERGREENS. 



when churches are dressed in the green that neitlier the sun nor the storm can 
wither, wlien the veriest cabin may be made beautiful with boughs of cedar 
and hemlock. Santa Glaus had iiromised to lend Cincinnatus a hand, and he 
brought not onl^^ his pack, but his roljes. Mozart and Greenwood Halls were 
embowered in green ; the forest had deserted the hillside, and was visiting 
the city for Christmas. The tables, the ceilings, the walls, were draped, hung, 

festooned, canopied with branches ; hot- 
house flowers and ruddy winter apples 
mingled their livelier hues with the dark 
sobriety of tlie evergreen. No doubt 
the literal significance of the scene was 
that of a mart, a place for buying and 
selling, for barter and exchange; but the 
fact that whatever else was sold, nothing 
but oil and wine were to be bought, no 
trafficker sent out but those who were 
provided as the Samaritan was, with 
healing for wounds and moneys with 
which to make sure of bed and board 
for the sick and weary, is evidence that a sanitary fair may honorably and 
reverently deck itself in the sacred Christmas emblem. 

Inasmuch as the 25th of December was at hand, and as the children had 
asked to be allowed to go without their presents, it was evidently necessaiy to 
lay in a large stock of Christmas-trees; children cannot always be gratified 
in their desires. Forty-four were accordingly prepai'ed, and placed upon the 
stage behind the curtain of Greenwood Hall. When all was ready, and the 
hush of expectancy sufficiently breathless, the curtain was raised upon the 
graceful labor of the Committee on Evergreens. The effect was tremendous. 
Small hands were clapped in ecstasy; wee voices grew gradually louder, and 
the roar was so overwhelming that the welkin, had there been one, would 
have rung again. A sorcerer stepped upon the stage. This was not pre- 
cisely Santa Claus, though he possessed the power of whisking off Christmas- 
trees to the homes of certain persons whose names he had the mission to 
pronounce. His spell was peculiar, his ceremonial quaint, and his utterance 
intelligible only to the few. He bore a hammer in his hand, he repeated 
certain cabalistic words, principally numerals, till they ran into and over 
each other and lost all coherence, all sense, and all shape. If every thing 
that had been going had finally gone, there would have been nothing left in 



184 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Cincinnati. The name of tbis potent spirit was Graff. He rehearsed the 
word dollar so often during the evening, that at the end of the ceremonies 
there were seven hundred and thirty-seven of them collected upon a piece 




6ALE OF TEIRISTMAS TRERS IN nHEENWOOD HALL. 



of paper. The trees were sent away by express-wagon the next morning. The 
whole horticultural department was a triumph of nature and art — a happy 
mingling of taste, flowers, skill, red apples, and evergreens. 

Omitting all mention of the Gallery of Curiosities and Relics — briefly 
described in fifty-seven pages of the " Ilistory of the Great Western Fair" 
— and merely referring to the exhibition of Fine Arts as one of a high order 
of merit, we come to tlie sale of autographs and autogi'aph letters, a marked 
feature of the fair. Premising that the receipts from this department were 
nearly $1,700, we may mention a few of the items that formed this aggregate. 

0. W. Holmes had been asked "to be funny over his own signature," 
and he replied in his most facetious vein, sending a series of questions and 
answers in natural history, wherein, instruction was insidiously conveyed in 
the simple guise of conundrums. Two specimens must suflice: 

" What instance can you give of the cunning of serpents? 

" Ans. The simple fact that they secrete their venom where they can 
find it when wanted. 

" Why do the above questions amuse you more than the answers ? 



AUTOGRAPHS AND LETTERS. 185 

"Ans. Because the person who asks the question is the querist." 

J. H. Beard, the artist, in his letter of rejjly to a request for his signature, 
said: "I hope j'ou will not take it unkindly if I decline sending my auto- 
graph. I have long since determined never to let it go into the market again. 
You will, therefore, present my regret to the Sanitary Commission. Respect- 
fully yours, J. H. Beard." 

James Buclianan expressed the hope that the fair might have all the 
success it deserved. 

Fred. Cozzcns had been asked for the original manuscript of the " Horse 
Episode," in the " Sparrovvgrass Papers;" but being unable to find it, and 
supposing that it had got into the pound, he sent the story about the bugle 
instead. 

Mrs. Paul Akers sent a poem, and William Lloyd Gan-ison three senti- 
ments, a letter, and a toast. 

Nathaniel Ilawthorne contributed letters from the author of "Tom Brown," 
from Mrs. Gore and Dr. Mackay. 

Generals Grant, Hooker, Howard, Grierson, McClellan, McDowell, Meade, 
Pope, Pleasanton, and many others, sent letters, autographs, or gifts. 

The Rev. John Picrpont forwarded, from his desk in the Treasury Depart- 
ment, a poem in eight lines, which was as good as it was short. 

Archbishop Purcell and Bishop Rosecrans sent their best wishes, accom- 
panied by a pair of very fine daggers. These were not Damascus blades, 
nor yet stilettos from Toledo. They were bloodless weapons, and were 
sheathed up to the hilt in the signatures, thus: fJol"! B. Purcell, f S. H. 
Rosecrans. 

Buchanan Read, not content with exhibiting pictures, sent poems also. 
It is not to be wondered at that the gentleman who preferred the works of 
Claude to those of LoiTaine, and who was in Cincinnati in the winter of 
1863, should have pronounced Read, the artist, as in every particular the 
equal of Buchanan, the poet. 

General Scott, who replies not to private requests for autographs, sent 
six, attached to as many photographs, to Cincinnati. 

John Sherman obtained for the fair an autograph copj- of an interest- 
ing document He applied to President Lincoln for the original Amnesty 
Proclamation ; but as this was somewhat defaced, the President copied it, 
retaining all the marks, erasures, notes and additions. Fi'amed in black wal- 
nut, this document was sold to the National Union of Cincinnati for $150. 

General Sherman contributed a fifty-dollar rebel note of the latest issue. 



186 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Mr. Fernando Wood regretted that he liad not access to his file of letters 
from distinguished men of twenty years ago ; for if he had, he could furnish 
several autographs of value. 

Two autograph letters of Humboldt, one to Hon. J. H. Wright, and one to 
James Buchanan, were offered to bidders. The first brought $4.75; the 
other, being accompanied by a certificate or voucher from Mr. Buchanan, 
who liad received it and knew it was genuine, was worth twenty-five cents 
more. 

A bank check, signed by Jefferson Davis, indorsed by Mrs. Davis, and 
honored by the Brothers Chubb, on whom it was drawn, was sold for eighty 
cents ; one of Drake de Kay's military passes, famous in the early days of 
the rebellion for the bold strategy of the chirography, for twenty-five cents ; 
an autograph letter from Guizot, for three dollars ; one from Baron Liebig, 
for fifteen cents; one from Kamehamcha IV. to the Hon. D. Kamehameha 
of the Interior Department, with jihotographs of the King and Queen of the 
Sandwich Islands, for $1.50. A Frederick the Great brought $2.G0 ; a 
paper in the handwriting of Oliver Ellsworth, Chief Justice of the United 
States, ten cents ; and a John Caspar Lavater, twenty cents. 

A lesson may be learned from the history of the autograph department of 
the Great Western Fair. It is this : when asked for your signature to be sold 
at a vendue, never send nine of them. A gentleman did this, and they were 
hustled ofi"in bulk for fifteen cents. Had he sent but one it would probably 
have brought quite as much, and perhaps more. Thus the soldiers were liter- 
ally fleeced by excess of zeal on the part of an ardent well-wisher. 

However, we must not quarrel with the items, when they foot up so well. 
If the whole is satisfactory, why find fault with the parts ? Seventeen 
hundred dollars from such a source is a goodly sum. If a wound received 
in a sabre fight is healed by the succor afforded by an autograph, we are 
more convinced than ever that the pen is mightier than the sword. 

The bazaar of merchandize, machinery, and produce, under the superin- 
tendence of Mr. James C. C. Holenshade, was the most productive department 
of the fair, yielding over $60,000. There were four grand representative 
divisions — produce, machinery, merchandise, and stock. Here were grain and 
potato bins overflowing with the increase of the fields; barrels of cider on 
tap; tiers of baled hay, separated, by a judicious aiTangement, from the cattle, 
horses, and sheep ; trunks for those who wished to travel for their health, a 
retail drug dispensary for those who preferred seeking health at home ; there 
were hens and chickens with the feathers on, hens and chickens with the 



A DONATION SUPPER. 187 

featliers off — barn-door fowls in the one case, poultry in the other ; animal 
life in the form of hogs, cast-iron in the shape of pigs, those in droves, these 
in stacks ; furniture for those who were going to housekeeping, carriages and 
wagons for those who were giving it up. 

A donation supper for soldiers' families was given during the fair. That 
is, a supper was given, not to soldiers' families, but to other persons who eat 
it for their benefit. People gave the provisions, and then paid to eat them ; 
they gave cakes, and then bought them again ; they even paid to get in, in 
order to buy their own gifts : the city police contributed $500 in cash ; and 
seventeen ladies, canvassing the seventeen wards, brought in $6,000 more. 
$7,146 were distributed to soldiers' fiimilies in the city — and this amount is 
not included in the table of proceeds of the fair. 

The proprietors of the Niles Works threw open their shipyard for the 
good of the cause. Or rather, as their yard was, doubtless, open previously, 
they generously shut the gates, placed a tax-gatherer at the door, so that every 
one who wished to see a monitor might give a quarter to the fair; or he that 
wished to give a quarter to the fair might do so while inspecting the Catawba. 
Seventeen hundred persons availed themselves of this privilege. 

The dej^artment of public amusements, amateur and professional, contribu- 
ted its full share to the treasury. Mr. Murdock summoned audiences to 
secular and patriotic readings at Mozart Hall, to sacred readings at Pike's 
Academy ; the Shakspeare Club collected three hundred and fifty rascal 
counters, three hundred and fifty units of the vile trash, wdiich, having been 
slave to thousands, may once have been yours or mine ; three hundred school 
children, assisted by their teacher. Professor Graeser, went through a series of 
" free gymnastics" with dumb-bells, rings, and staves. The gymnasts of the 
Catholic Institute built unsteady pyramids of human bodies, each pyramid, 
when the apex fell or the abutments heaved from out the centre, dissolving 
into a tableau, wherein Ajax impudently defied the lightning, and with impu- 
nity too, or Cain threatened Abel with the latest gymnastic bruise. German 
professionals enacted " The Stockdrover of Austria," and Cincinnati amateurs 
" The Momentous Question." The Seventh Regiment was drilled for the 
public diversion, and, by the aid of the cunning of the scene and the illusions 
of a mid-winter night, conveyed to the audience a gi'aphic idea of an " Outpost 
in Winter." Nearly $3,000 were poured into the common fund by the Com- 
mittee on Public Amusements. 

An analysis of the sources from which the contributions to the fair were 
drawn, gives the following results : 



188 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

From the State of New York $12,069 

" Massachusetts 1,193 

" Pennsylvania, about 2,500 

" Missouri, " 2,000 

" lUinois, " . 500 

" Tennessee, " 2,500 

" Maryland, " 200 

" Kentucky, " .' 4,500 

Indiana, " 2,500 

From other States, " 2,500 

From Ohio, " 30,000 

From Cincinnati, " 175,000 



Cincinnati tlms contributed nearly three quarters of the proceeds of the 
fair, about one dollar for every man, woman, and child within the city limits. 
The " History of the Great Western Fair" thus closes: "In Cincinnati was 
first conceived and successfully executed the plan capable of working out the 
idea which Chicago had suggested, the plan since adopted elsewhere, and 
which adapts itself readily to the enlarging desires of the nation. Cincinnati, 
however, soon found that as she surpassed Chicago, so other cities were raising 
sums far larger than her own. In no cities, however, except St. Louis and 
Pittsburgh, have the results been comparatively greater ; and these last fairs 
were held under the stimulus of previous successes, and with the benefit of 
the experience which others had gained. Cincinnati will suffer nothing in the 
general comparison, for it is seen that she reached, according to her population, 
the proportion of the full measure of the country's capacity to give, as proved 
in the great eastern cities." 

The following is a detailed report of the proceeds of the Great Western 
Fair, by committees, departments, and tables : 

Sale of tickets to Ladies' Bazaar $13,309 65 

" " Merchandise and Produce Hall 1,444 20 

" " Palace Garden 100 80 

" " Horticultural Dep.artnient 1,547 55 

" " Art Hall 1,100 00 

" " War Memorials and Eelics 1,145 55 

Sale of general tickets 5,490 70 

$24,138 45 



Post-Office $91 90 

Net proceeds of the " Ladies' Knapsack," fair newspaper 600 00 

St. Jolm's Episcopal Church tables 598 05 

Christmas-Tree entertainments 1,106 21 

sales 183 45 

College Hill Ladies' Society table 445 40 

Ohio Female College table 284 85 



A FINANCIAL REPORT. 

Fruits, flowers, and fancy articles, Mrs. I). T. Woodrow's tables. . . $1,.S70 .51 

Refreshment table 863 95 

Stereoscopic views 20 75 

Sale of instrument presented by Hon. S. P. Chase 200 00 

Closing sale of articles 301 05 

Cash donations 44 40 

Net proceeds, expenses deducted 

Receipts from tables in Ladies' Bazaar 

Refreshment Committee $221 47 

Autograph " l,f!77 55 

Coal " 778 75 

Transportation " 10,353 37 

Nursery " 1,000 00 

Finance " 50,291 62 

Sales in Merchandise and Produce Hall 01,626 33 

Certificates of contributions 10,121 10 

Donations through C. G. Rogers 2,594 82 

Profit on Five-Twenty Bonds 3,930 00 

Sales in Art Gallery 350 64 



189 



16,101 89 
62,309 42 




Sale of relics and curiosities 923 33 

Exhibition of monitors 425 00 

Proceeds of concerts, lectures, &c 3,434 13 

" of S. Smith's picture of the Crucifixion 1,140 00 

Sales of liuildiiigs 12,072 00 

$107,546 11 

Total receipts $260,095 87 

Deduct expenses for buildings, &c 25,506 89 

$234,588 98 
Add, as per supplementary report 817 64 

Grand total $235,406 62 



Now Cincinnati, proud of the quarter of a million thus obtained, sent to 
the city of Brooklyn, New York, in a spirit of defiance, a huge broom, being 



190 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



the ideal utensil which had swept together the glittering heaps. Brooklyn, 
nothing daunted, and with its preparations nearly completed for a fair of its 
own, picked up the broom as if it had been a knightly glove, and muttered: 
" As two and a half is to four, so is Cincinnati and Southern Ohio to Brooklyn 
and Long Island." We proceed now briefly to show how this prophecy, 




TIIK lu;ciOKI.VN AND LONG ISLAND FAIR. 



uttered under the breath, was made good in tones of tliunder. 
bargain," sang Mr. Palfrey, and thus went on to sing : 



' Fair is a 



Fair is a bargain, i\-licn 'tis made 

According to tlie rules of trade ; 

Fair is the maid who sells tliese rhymes, 

You've called her so a tliousand times; 

Fair are the speeches — false as fair — 

That oft in Congress vented are; 

Fair are tlie nymphs that throng Broadway 

On every bonnet-opening day; 

In civil storms, as Job sets forth (xxxvii. 22), 



" Fair weather cometh from the North 
Fairmount by Scluiylkill's wave is fair; 
Fairfield is famed for wholesome air; 
Fair winds impel Fairhaven's sails. 
Hunting in Arctic seas for whales; 
Fair was the fight at Nazeby, when 
Stout Fairfax beat King Charles's men; 
And fair with treasures rich and rare 
Is Brooklyn's Sanitary Fair. 



THE BROOKLYN AND LONG LSLAND FAUl 



11)1 



The Brooklyn and Long Island Sanitary Fair is claimed, by those most 
interested, to have been the first act of self-assertion ever done by the City of 
Churches. Though possessing the Navy Yard of the nation, the most beauti- 
ful Cemetery in the world, public schools as good as any in the land, noble 
institutions of charity, of learning and the arts, and though being, upon the 
authority of the census, the third city in the Union, it had been content to lie 
in the shadow of its mighty neighbor, a quiet suburb, a part, but not a whole, 
a Latin Quarter, a Trastevere, in short, the New Yorker's alcove, his bed- 
chamber. But when, in November, 18fi3, the Women's Relief Association of 
Brooklyn decided to iinite with the sister city in a grand Metropolitan Fair, to 
be held in February, 1864, and when, upon the postponement of the enter- 
prise for six weeks, Brooklyn refused, to postpone, and resolved to have a fair 
of her own,* to do business henceforward in her own name, and to break loose 
from Manhattan fetters, then it was, we are told, that she '• asserted her full- 
grown womanhood, and, starting forth to walk alone, not only walked but 



* The following were the offlcera of the Brooklyn and Long Island Sanitary Fair : 

Oeiural Committee, 
Abiel a. Low, President. 

Exeaitive Committee — Gentlemen. 
DwiGHT JoHNSOX, Chairman. Frederick A. Farley, D. D., Cor. tkcrctary. 

Walter S. Griffith, Sec. Set-retanj. Jas. II. FnoTniNOHAM, Trec^iirer. 

Hon. Jas. S. T. Stranahan, H. B. Claflin, Hon. James HrMPHKET, 

Hon. Alfred M. Wood, Elias Lewis, Jr., George S. Stephenson, 

Hon. Joun A. Lott, Hon. Edward A. Lambert, Archibald Baxter, 

Ethelbert S. Mills, 

James I>. Sparkman, 

Hon. John A. Kino, 

Arthcr W. Benson, 

S. B. Chittenden, 

Henry E. Pierrepont 

John D. McKenzie, 



Samuel B. Caldwell, 
Ambrose Snow, 
Thomas T. Bcckley, 
A. A. Low, 
Henry Sheldon, 
Charles A. Meigs, 
William H. Jenkins, 
Joseph Wilde, 



Joseph Ripley, 
Edward J. Lowber, 
Luther B. Wyman, 
W. W. Armfield, 
Peter Rice, 
WiLLARD M. Newell, 
William Burdon, 
S. Emerson Howard. 



Executive Comm ittee — Ladies. 
Mrs. J. S. T. Stranahan, President. 
Miss Kate E . Waterbur y, Hec. /Secretary. 

Mrs. S. B. Caldwell, 
" S. B. Chittenden, 
" W. J. Cogswell, 



Mbs. G. B. Archer, 

" E. Anthony, 

" H. W. Beeciier, 

" A. W. Benson, 

" C. J. Bergen, 

" R. C. Brainard, 

" J. C. Bkevoort, 

" T. T. Bickley, 

" W. I. Buddington, 

" N. BCRCIIARD, 

" A. Bradshaw, 



J. p. Dlffin, 
J. W. Harper, 
A. Crittenden, 
Alfred M. Wood, 
L. Harrington, 
G. n. IIitntsman, 
T. F. King, 
E. S. Mills, 
H. Waters, 



Mrs. H. L. Packer, Cor. Secretary. 
Mrs. G. B. Archer, Treaxurcr. 

Mrs. Morrell, 

" W. W. Pell, 

" II. E. Pierrepont, 

" E. Shapter. 

" H. Sheldon, 

" J. C. Smith, 

" J. D. Sparkman. 

" G. S. Stephenson, 

" J. S. Swan, 

" A. Trask, 

" J. Vanderbilt. 



192 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

ran and soared, and amazed even herself." She amazed her big relative, too, 
and, if she did not alarm her, she stimulated her. 

A meeting was held in Brooklyn on the 19th of December, 1863, which 
exerted no little influence upon the success of the undertaking. The wealth 
and public spirit of the city were there, and before the evening was over the 
public spirit had got the better of the wealth by the sum of some twenty- 
five thousand dollars. A form of subscription was read, and Mr. John D. 
McKenzie was the fortunate man who first placed his name upon the papeh 
He not only did that, but he put the well-known formula, $1,000, over against 
it. Mr. Abiel A. Low took offence at this, apparently, for he inscribed a dif- 
ferent number, namely, $2,500, over against his name. Two such examples 
could not remain without followers, and they did not. Nearly thirty thousand 
dollars were subscribed during the evening, and in ten days the sums promised 
amounted to fifty thousand dollars. Notices were now sent to the various 
Sewing and Aid Societies of Long Island, inviting them to send contribu- 
tions to the fair, and in a short time, the whole population were warmly 
interested in its success, which, indeed, had never for an instant been 
doubtful. 

It was soon decided by the proper authorities that there should be a dining- 
room connected with the fair, and that it should be called Knickerbocker 
Hall; that a refectory or lunch-room, furnishing certain peculiar and anti- 
quated viands, should be called the New England Kitchen ; that there should 
be a Curiosity Shop, a Gallery of Art, a Post-Office, and a daily newspaper 
entitled the " Drum Beat." Eaffling and the sale of wine were prohibited. 
The Academy of Music was to be the central scene of the exhibition, con- 
nected by bridges with several contiguous buildings, one of which was already 
in existence, while others were yet to be constructed. All the preparations 
were completed in time, the booths stocked, the ladies dressed, and, punctually 
at the stroke of three, upon the 22d of February, the inaugurating proces- 
sion reached the scene of action. At seven in the evening the doors were 
thrown open, and the Brooklyn Sanitaiy Fair entered into history. Ages 
hence, however, when history shall have become old enough to have relapsed 
into tradition, and when people shall have their doubts whether Brooklyn 
ever existed even, the records which shall have drifted down to them of the 
Long Island Fair will confirm them in their unbelief— -just as the written 
glories of Aladdin's garden teach us that Aladdin never was, nor could have 
been. Is it too much to say that when ten thousand years have rolled away, 
.the following paragraph, surviving the wreck of other matter, will be enough 



A VISION OF SPLENDOR. 19:3 

to stamp the Brooklyn Fair as au amiable deceit and all the pleasant stories 
of it legends ? 

"A vision of splendor breaks upon the eye, before which few fail to stand 
in mute amazement. We see, as in some gorgeous dream of fairy land, a 
world of beautiful creations rise before us. Our eyes are dazzled with vivid 
colors, and our ears stunned with the clamor of thousands of tongues. It is 
night. A myriad of gaslights pour a flood of radiance over the wonderful 
scene. The vast room seems wainscoted and ceiled with rainbows. Glass 
and silver flash back the blaze in streams of iridescent light; silks and satin 
shimmer softly, brilliant colors shine everywhere — gold and crimson and green 
and blue and rose and purple ; perfumes of rarest flowers scent the air ; a 
melody from the piano tinkles through the tumult like the piping of birds 
in the pause of a storm, or a burst of sumptuous music from the powerful 
band rolls out of the balcony and charms the clamor to a breathless liush. 
* * * # rpjjg richness, vividness, and variety of colors of the thousand 
articles which heaped the tables, fluttered from the pillars, or glowed from 
the walls, gave one the impression of a bevy of rainbows playing hide-and- 
go-seek. The irises of one's eyes, for about five minutes after leaving this 
brilliant corner, resembled their etherial prototype as well in the rich play 
of color as in name." 

They must, indeed, in 11864, take it all for fiction. But the deception will 
be a harmless one, originating as it did in the honorable cause of humanity. 
But to some few details of the gentle delusion. 

In one of the proscenium boxes was the Post-Office, under the care of 
Mrs. J. P. Duffin and assistants. These ladies not only conducted the busi- 
ness of their bureau, but they wrote the letters too. The recipients paid 
fifteen and twenty-five cents postage, according to bulk, perhaps, or else accord- 
ing to their being written in prose or verse. So ardently did the ladies bend 
to their task, and so faithfully were letters advertised called for, that nearly 
$600 were realized, and this was ninety-five per cent, profit. The Postmas- 
ter-General at Washington has long sought to make his department self- 
sustaining. Let him go to Brooklyn and learn. 

The Old Woman who lived in a Shoe dwelt not far from here. This 
was not, as might at first appear, an idea of the Hide and Leather Committee ; 
it originated with a lady of one of the city churches. The old woman was 
personated by a child of tender years, dressed in mobcap and .spectacles, 
established in a huge shoe, and having so many dolls she really did not know 
what to do. She sold them., however, for four hours in succession, when she 

13 



194 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



was relieved by another, and she by still another little girl, in turn. Had 
they been older, and liad they lived in Elsinore, they would doubtless have 
exclaimed, each to her successor, '• For tliis relief, much thanks !"' 




TOK OLD WOMAN WHO LIVED IN A SlIOK 



In the book department, during the last three days, a placard was exhib- 
ited, upon which was the following appeal : " Buy a book, and leave it to be 
sent to the hospital library, Beaufort, S. C." Among the first to respond to 
this request were three soldiers, who purchased a volume each, and wrote 
their names and regiments upon the flydeaf One hundred and fifty books 
were thus obtained, and, at the least, $150 besides. 

Ten little girls, whose united ages were just one hundred years, arrived in 
state at the fair one afternoon, having brought to a close an auxiliary fair of 
their own. They came to bring the proceeds, $16.50 apiece. There are 
doubtless ten millionaires in the land who liave not done as much in pro- 
portion, though they may have given tliousands. 

The chief attraction in tlie Art Gallei-y was, of course, the exhibition of 
pictures and statues ; but one hardly inferior was the Artists' Album of 
Sketches in Oil, the fruit of a suggestion of Mr. R. Gignoux, of Brooklyn. 
The collection numbered one hundred and twenty pictures, by as many con- 
tributors. It was disposed of in shares of §10 each, over five hundred being 
sold. The shareholders agreed to meet after the fair, to divide the one 
hundred and twenty sketches into six portions, and to distribute these by 



THE NEW ENGLAND KITCHEN. 195 

lot. This was done, and the arbitrament of fate was rigidly adhered to. 
Half the pictures remained in Brooklyn, a i^ortion crossed the river, while 
a smaller part was transferred to Baltimore. 

An Amateur Artists' Album, containing fifty-eight pictures in oils and 
water-colors — the larger part by ladies, and all originals — was disposed of in 
shares for $500. They were then drawn for in lots, two of twenty each and 
one of eighteen. 

Knickerbocker Hall, where creature comforts were dispensed, was a great 
pecuniary and gastronomic triumph. Upholstery and epicurianism vied with 
each other, and it is impossible to say which won. Flags, arches, evergreens, 
shields, mirrors, on the one hand ; on the other, trout, pickles, grouse, eggs, 
jelly, pies, celery, and ducks. Messrs. Duryea & Co., of New York, not only 
furnished all the maizena that a hungry public called for, but they cooked it 
so well, and in so many difterent ways, that every one took maizena, no mat- 
ter what else he neglected. The other supplies were mainly contributed by the 
churches, six on each day. Thus, on Tuesday, Marcli 1st, it was the tuin of 
Plymouth Church, the South Presbyterian, the Harrison Street Dutch Church, 
St. Charles Borromeo, the Elm Place Congregational, and the East Eeformed 
Dutch Church ; on Wednesday, it was the turn of six otliers. The quantity 
consumed in a day was not far from the following, maizena not included : 
One hundred turkeys and chickens, one hundred grouse, Cjuail, and ducks, 
five hundred pounds of beef, mutton, and venison, twenty hams and tongues, 
eighteen thousand oysters, fifteen pounds of trout, twenty j^ounds of smelts 
and other fish; cake, pies, sixty or seventy quarts of jelly, eight hundred 
cjuarts of ice-cream, two hundred and fifty quarts of coffee and tea, four hun- 
dred loaves of bread, three baiTcls of crackers, two hundred heads of celery, 
three barrels of potatoes, besides sugar, butter, egg.s, milk, flour, apples, 
oranges, pickles, preserves, &c. The articles of food contributed were enough 
to supply seven eighths of the entire demand. $24,000 was the net result 
of this thoroughly well managed aSah: 

The nature of the New England Kitchen will be best explained by an 
extract from the circular of the committee having the matter in charge : 

" The idea is to present a fuitliful picture of New England farm-house life 
of the last century. The grand old fire-place shall glow again, the spinning- 
wheel shall whirl as of old ; the walls shall be garnished with the products 
of the forest and the field ; the quilting, the donation, and the wedding party 
shall assemble once more, while the aj)ple paring shall not be forgotten ; and 
the dinner-table, always set, shall be loaded with substantial New England 



190 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

cheer. We shall try to reproduce the manners, customs, dress, and, if possi- 
ble, the idiom of the time ; in short, to illustrate the domestic life and habits 
of the people to whose determined courage, sustained by their faith in God, 
we owe tliat government so dear to every loyal heart. The period fixed 
\ipon is just prior to the throwing overboard of the tea in Boston Ilarbor." 

Another briefer statement of the object in view was made in these words: 
" It was established to promote plain living, high thinking, a consummation 
of pork and beans, and a revival of the spirit of seventy-six." 

Before the projectors of this novel plan could obtain the necessary space 
in which to carry it out, they were obliged to pledge themselves that it should 
yield a certain sum, which in the end it did yield, and four times over. 
The furniture and appointments of the room were, for the most part, genuine 
antiques. One of the cliairs was a hundred and fifty years old, and had once 
been buried in the earth, to save it from destruction by the foe. There 
was a clock, whose face was pitted by a British bullet, and a rifle which had 
belonged to Patrick Henry ; there were Bibles of the days of the Puritans ; 
newspapers of the year 1775; paintings from the panels of the Gucrriere ; 
canteens and spinning-wheels one hundred years old. 

"We read in the " History of the Brooklyn and Long Island Fair:" 

" The fire-place was, of course, an important feature of the kitchen. It 
was of huge dimensions, and strictly after the old New England type. In its 
capacious mouth an ox might have been roasted with ease. From the tradi- 
tional trammel swung a gigantic pit, in whicli from time to time were cooked 
great messes of unctuous chowder or steaming quantums of mush. From the 
ovens at the sides emerged, at stated periods, spic}^ Indian puddings, smoking 
loaves of Boston brown bread, and famous dishes of pork and beans, crisped 
to delicious perfection. 

" The tables were covered with old-fashioned china, and the guests returned, 
under the ]-igid rule of the 2>lace, to the ante-silver-fork period, and had to 
content themselves with the two-tined steel. White sugar was religiously 
ignored, and modern improvements generally were at a discount. The idea 
was to live in the Past, and the Present was ignominiously banished. Many, 
before leaving the New England Kitchen, howsoever well satisfied with the new 
ways about us, were fain to conclude 'the old is better.' On the tables were 
bountiful supplies of toothsome viands — pork and beans, ajiple-sauce, Boston 
brown bread, pitchers of cider, pumpkin, mince, and apple pies, doughnuts, 
and all the savory' and delicate wealth of the New England larder. The 
guests were waited upon by damsels with curious names and quaint attire. 



A QUILTING PARTY. 



197 



Just such New England girls as spread the cloths and cut the loaves of a 
century ago were the neat-handed waitresses of the New England Kitchen of 
the Brooklyn and Long Island Fair. 

" Tlie venerable knitters in the corner, with their starched ca})s, and snowy 
kercliiefs crossed over the bosoms of their stuff gowns, the huge fire-place with 
its mighty logs, the dresser with its rows of shining pewter, the ever-ready 
churn, the tall clock sedately ticking in the corner, the ridge-poles sti-ung 
with dried apples, pumpkins, glittering red peppers, seed-bags, and 'yarbs' of 
healing virtues, the New England girls with their quaint costumes and un- 
couth speech — all made up a wonderfully striking scene, which, once beheld, 
could not soon be forgotten." 




^L\^ L.NoLAM* Kin UEN : A yUlLTlNG rAUIV. 



Several entertainments were given in the Kitchen, illustrating the manners 
of the olden time. We were taught how our ancestors used to sing by the 
" Old Folks' Concerts ;" how they gladdened the threshold of the parson by 
the "Donation Visit;'" how pressing works were done in concert by the 



198 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

"Quilting Party" and the "Apple Bee;" and, finally, how they married and 
were given in marriage, Ijy the "New England "Wedding." In tliis last 
solemnity, Mr. and Mrs. Holmes, of Williamsburg, were united over again by 
the Rev. Jedediah Poundtext. The illusion was made complete by the gift of 
a frosted cake to the bride from the ladies of Knickerbocker Hall. 

The Drum Beat, a daily newspaper, at once advocating the claims of the 
cause and describing from day to day the passing incidents of the fair, and 
conducted by the Rev. R. S. Storre, Jr., I). D., and Mr. Francis Williams, was 
published from February 22d to March 5th, with a supplementary number 
upon the 11th. Its circulation was about six thousand copies, and it brought 
into the treasury the rotund sum of $3,050. The entire cost of the type- 
setting and })rinting was assumed and borne by !Mr. S. B. Chittenden. 

On the evening of March 8th, not long before the hour of closing, the 
treasurer announced by bulletin that the contributions of Brooklyn and Long 
Island to the sanitary cause had reached the raagnilieent sum of $4:00,000. 
Tliis was four times as much as had been hoped for. wlien Brooklyn expected 
to form merely a division of the ^Metropolitan Fair. It was proved that 
they could make brooms, and use them, too, as well in Brooklyn as in Cin- 
cinnati. 

Among the sales by auction, after the close of the fair, was that of the 
house and lot No. 540 Atlantic Street, the gift of Messrs. Scranton & Co. 
This propert}' was mortgaged for $2,600, and all above this sum which it 
should bring was to be given to the cause. The first offer was $3,000, the 
bids mnning rapidly up to $3,fi50. At this point all contestants fell off but 
two. Here was the auctioneer's oppoi-tunity, and Mr. Sintzenich profited by 
it. Appealing to the pugnacious instincts of the two competitors in turn, 
and when one made a bid sympathizing with and stimulating the other, he 
squeezed out two hundred dollars more, and announced Mr. W. R. Tice the 
purchaser for the sum of $3,850. 

A calico ball was given, after the fair had closed, in Knickerbocker Hall. 
Many of the ladies were dressed in the plainest cotton fabrics, which were 
afterwards devoted to charitalile uses. Two thousand dollars were realized 
from this source. 

The following is an abstract of the treasurer's report : 

Cash donations $208,52.3 3fi 

Admissions 50,572 07 

(General sales — main building 107,615 .31 

" manufacturers' department 19.302 35 



AN HONORABLE RECORD. 



199 



Department of Art, Relics, etc $10,502 08 

Drum Beat Committee 3,051 OB 

Post Otiiee •' 830 55 

Slcating Pond 587 45 

r Restaurant $12,773 24 

Receipts at Knickerboclcer Hall, ■ Confectionery 1,802 85 

( Soda Fountains 1,400 07 

15,075 10 

Receipts iit New England Kitchen , 4,845 10 

Sales of buildings, furniture, and decorations 1,(!00 88 

Sundry items 8 82 

Casli contributions to the Employment Society for tlie manufacture 

of liospital goods 2,550 00 

Value of hospital supplies and medical comforts contributed through 
the fair, from city and country, estimated at from $0,000 to 

$10,000, say 6,000 00 

Total $431,073 28 

Deduct expenses 20,020 54 

Net $402,043 74 

The following is a list of cash donations, which amounted, as above, to 
more than $200,000 : 



15. F. Delano (collections) 

Brooklyn Savings Bank 

Union Ferry Co 

Thirteentli Regiment, N. G., Col. 
Woodward, proceeds of a 
Promenade Concert 

Abiel A. Low 

Sixth "Ward Bounty Committee. 

South Brooklyn Savings Institu- 
tion 

Brooklyn City Railroad 

St. Paul's Episcopal Church, 
Flatbush 

Public Schools of Brooklyn 

Scranton & Co 

Town of Hempstead, by .Jno. 
Harold, Miss Hendricks, and 
0. W. Rogers 

Proceeds of fair at Sag Harbor, 
by Josiah Douglass, Treasurer 

Public School Exhibition, W. D., 
at Academy of Music 

Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian 
Ch\ircli, by Mrs. E. A. Lam- 
bert 

Village (if Soutli Hampton, by 
CoL B. II. Foster ." 



$5,184 


63 


5,000 


00 


5,000 


00 


4,011 


00 


2,500 


00 


2,000 


00 


2,000 


00 


1,025 


ns 


1,706 


84 


1,250 


00 


1,250 


00 


1,244 


77 


1,200 


00 


1,173 


00 


1,108 


57 


1,051 


25 



Brooklyn Collegiate and Poly- 
technic Institute 

George B. Archer 

Horace B. Clatiin 

Peter C. Cornell 

Dime Savings Bank 

8. B. Chittenden 

Thomas C. Durant 

E. T. H. Gibson 

A. C. Hull, M. D., ])roceeds of 
dramatic entertainments at the 
Atheuicum 

Tliomas Hunt 

Seymour L. Ilusted 

Josiah O. Low 

E. H. R. Lyman 

-John I). McKenzie 

Theo. Polhemus, Jr 

Enos Richardson 

Henry Sheldon 

South Second St. M. E. Church. 

George S. Stephenson 

Village of Newtown, by O. II. 
Victor 

Packer Institute, Senior Class 
Entertainment 

Philharmonic Societv 



$1,032 25 
1,000 00 
1,000 OO 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1.000 00 
1.000 00 



1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1.000 00 
1,000 00 

058 04 

041 88 
018 00 



2(»0 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Town of Bridgehampton, by IIoq. 

H. P. Hedges $fl36 94 

I. Van Anden 703 2.5 

A. Henly 750 00 

Town of Flatbiisli, by J. Lotterts 718 25 
Roman Catholic churches of 

Brooklyn, by Mrs. Dr. Cullen GSS 92 
Burnham's Gymnasium Exhibi- 
tion 088 45 

Village of Huntington, by M'm. 

Xicoll 602 27 

Bulkeley Brothers 000 00 

Plymouth Sabbath-School 630 00 

Oratorio of Moses in Egy|)t, 

given in the South Ninth St. 

Congregational Cliurch, under 

the direction of Philip A. 

Meyer 014 51 

Church of St. Peter and Paul, 

Rev. S. Malone 603 00 

Aaron Claflin 000 00 

C. S. Parsons & Sons 000 00 

C. & R. Poillon 000 00 

J. O. Whitehouse 000 00 

Metropolitan Police Force of 

Brooklyn 576 32 

Village of Patchogue, by Hon. J. 

S. Havens 559 54 

Public School No. 15, Primary 

Department Entertainment. . . 557 00 

Brooklyn Daily Times 543 50 

H. Cocks 534 85 

Mrs. n. L. Packer, entertainment 522 45 
Town of Jamaica, by Mrs. W. I. 

Cogswell 518 53 

H. N. Conklin, Son & Beers 515 00 

Mrs. Jane S. Torrey, i)roceeds of 

musical entertainment 503 00 

Coe Adams 500 00 

A. Baylis 500 00 

Charles S. Baylis 500 00 

S. M. Beard 500 00 

August Behnont 500 00 

Arthur W. Benson 500 00 

C. J. Bergen 500 00 

Charles Bill 500 00 

Board of Brokers, New York . . 500 00 

Thomas Brooks & Co 500 00 

R. P. Buck 500 00 

John Rullard, Jr 500 00 

Samuel B. Caldwell 500 00 

Charles Christmas 500 00 



Estate of F. B. Cole ^500 00 

Collins, Pluniraer <& Co 500 00 

E. W. Corlies 500 00 

Edward Dodge 500 00 

James W. Elwell 500 00 

Farmington School, by Edward 

S. Sandford 500 00 

John W. Frothingham 500 00 

Rufus R. Graves 500 00 

Sidney Green 500 00 

S. Emerson Howard 500 00 

Ehas Howe, Jr 500 00 

Hon. James Humphrey 500 00 

TV. W. Huse 500 00 

A. Jewett 500 00 

Journeay it Burnham 500 00 

Henry A. Kent 500 00 

Nehemiah Knight 500 00 

Lowber, Ostrom & Co 500 00 

R. H. Manning 500 00 

John T. Martin 500 00 

Samuel McLean 500 00 

Edward B. Mead 500 00 

James Jlyers it Co 500 00 

J. B. Norris 500 00 

James H. Prentice 500 00 

Joseph Ri]dey 500 00 

Amos Robbins 500 00 

J S. Rockwell 500 00 

H. J. Ropes 500 00 

R. W. Ropes 500 00 

Ripley Ropes 500 00 

Henry D. Sanger 500 00 

Sawyer, Wallace <fc Co 500 00 

H. K. Slieldon 500 00 

Ambrose Snow 500 00 

Charles Storrs 500 00 

Hon. J. S. T. Stranahan 500 00 

J. R. Taylor 500 00 

Geo. W. Valentine, Brewster & 

Bergen 500 00 

J. J. Van Nostraiul 500 00 

Hon. William Wall 500 00 

J. P. Wallace 500 00 

Hosea Webster 500 00 

I. B. Wellington 500 00 

Alex. M. White 500 00 

Wm. Augustus Wliite 500 00 

James C. Wilson 500 00 

J. W. Mason 450 00 

Mrs. S. B. Chittenden, proceeils 

of an entertainment 409 00 



BROOKLYN FINANCES. 



201 



Mrs. A. S. Biirnes, proceeds of 

an entertainment. $400 00 

Forty-seventli Regiment, by Col. 

Meserule 400 00 

First Baptist Cliurcli, E. D., Rev. 

Dr. Raker .Str, .50 

Wm. Arthur ((•iillection.s). ... 355 30 

C. ir. Rogers .350 00 

South Presbyterian Church .346 00 

Congregation Beth Ek)liim 332 00 

Sands Street M. E. Cliurch 332 00 

D. S. nines (collections) 821 20 

Mrs. Peter Rice 318 00 

Brooklyn Gaslight Co 300 00 

Mrs. Maria Gary 300 00 

James IIow, .Jr., jiroceeds of 

model of Ocean Express 300 00 



South Brooklyn Engine and 

Boiler Works, Daniel McLcod, 

proprietor and workmen |254 00 

D. S Arnold 250 00 

William Beard 250 00 

R. S. Benedict 250 00 

Benjamin Blossom 250 00 

C. W. Blossom 250 00 

Thomas T. Buckley 250 00 

J. S. Burgess 250 00 

Seymour Burrell 250 00 

C. B. Camp 250 00 

Benjamin Carver 250 00 

George S. Carey 250 00 

Columbian Insurance Co 250 00 

William Cooper 250 00 

John Davol 250 00 




WAX FL<AVF.1:S AT THE IsnOOKLYN FAIR. 



John McCracken 

J. J Merian 

F. Sherwood, sundry collections 

Mrs. C. Coles, proceeds of tab- 
leaux, E. D 

Second Presbyterian Chnrch . . . 

Village of Flatlands, by R. Ma- 
gaw and Rev. Mr. Doolittle. . 

Public School Examination, 
E. D 

Village of Glen Cove, by Miss E. 
N. Valentine 

Nicliolas Luqueer, Jr., Soirees 
Musieales by self and friends 

Edwin Atkins 

Joshua Atkins 



300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


297 00 


28G 


17 


2(i.5 


24 


2(!3 


45 


201 


00 


2.50 


00 


250 


00 



Abel Denison 250 00 

(Jeorge F. Duckwitz 250 00 

A.M. Earle 250 00 

Smith J. Eastman 250 00 

James D. Fish. President 250 00 

Amasa S. Foster 250 00 

W. A. Fowler 250 00 

S. F. Goodridge 250 00 

W. I). (io(ddn 2.50 00 

Erastus Graves 250 00 

Griffith, Prentiss & McComb. . . 250 00 

Andrew Harman & Sons 250 00 

llaslehurst & Smith 250 00 

Francis Hathaway 250 00 

L. P. Hawes 250 00 

W. S. Ilerriman 250 00 



202 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



George L. Heuser 


$2.50 00 


diaries E. Hill 


250 00 




250 00 


Samuel Ilutoliinson 


250 00 


N. E. James 


250 00 




250 00 


W. C. Langley & Co 


250 00 


J B. Leggef t & Co 


250 00 


E. 15. Litrlifiekl 


250 00 


Lord &■ Tuvlm*. . 


250 00 




2.50 00 


AV II Lyon 


250 00 


II. W. T. Mali 


250 00 




250 00 


C A Meigs tV Sou 


250 00 


James L. Morgan 


250 00 


L. P. Morton & Co 


250 00 


Mutual Life Insurance Co., N. Y. 


250 00 


J. M. Nichols 


250 00 


Curtis Noble 


250 00 


James S. Novcs 


250 00 


Eugene O'Sullivan 


250 00 


E. A. Packer 


250 00 


George Pearce & Co 


250 00 


R. B. Perry 


250 00 


E B. Place 


250 00 


II. G. Reeve 


250 00 


Daniel C. Robbing 


2.50 00 


II. W. Sage 


250 00 


II B. Seholes 


250 00 


Sliethar & Nichols 


250 00 


Hon. Samuel Sloan 


250 00 




250 00 


Sturges, Beiuiet & Co 


250 00 


W. II. Swan 


2.50 00 


TetFt, Grisvvold & Kellogg 


250 00 




250 00 


Alanson Trask 


250 00 




250 00 


S. Van Bensclioten 


250 00 


C. F. Van Blankenstein 


250 00 


R. Van Wyck 


250 00 


Vernon Brothers & Co 


250 00 


Charles II. Vietor 


250 00 


Frederick W. Vietor 


250 00 


Theodore Vietor 


250 00 


William Wall, Jr 


250 00 


White & Douglass 


250 00 


Village of Sayville, by Charles 




Gillette 


244 00 


Town of Sniithtown, by John 




Lawrence Smith 


241 85 



Citizens of U. S. in Berlin, by A. 

C. Woodruff $241 00 

R. M. Ilooley, proceeds of two 

benefits 238 00 

Westminster Church 230 00 

Germania Society 225 00 

Cuthbert & Cunningham 225 00 

James II. Hart & Co 224 00 

Village of Rockawa}-, by Rev. 

R. T.Pearson 220 05 

Town of Quogue, by J. F. Foster 210 75 

Grace Church 206 05 

Village of Flushing, by Miss A. 

L. Jones and B. W. Downing 204 86 

Abram Inslee 204 10 

Women of Village of Oyster 

ISay, by E. S. Fairchild 202 00 

D. H. Conkling 200 00 

F. Skinner & Co 200 00 

Low, Harriman, Durfee & Co. . 200 00 

N. F. Miller 200 00 

Garner & Co 200 00 

F. Butterfield & Co 200 00 

Ilorton & Sons 200 00 

W. 0. Sheldon 200 00 

Brumley & Kellogg 200 00 

G. M. Richardson & Co 200 00 

R. W. Adams 200 00 

Henry W. Banks 200 00 

P. T. Barnum 200 00 

Bentley & Burton 200 00 

II. D. Brookman 200 00 

C. B. Caldwell 200 00 

S. W. Carey 200 00 

Carter, Stewart & Co 200 00 

Central Presbyterian Church, by 

Mr. Bryer 200 00 

Church of St. Charles Borromeo, 

Rev. Dr. Pease 200 00 

Dutcher & Ellery 200 00 

Henry Elliott 200 00 

James D. Fish 200 00 

Iloyt, Sprague & Co 200 00 

Isaac Hyde, Jr 200 00 

Eliza AV. Lynde 200 00 

M. T. Lynde 200 00 

Manhattan Life Insurance Co., 

N. Y 200 00 

David Mdffat 200 00 

F. D. Moulton 200 00 

N. E. Mutual Life Insurance Co. 200 00 

New York Life Insurance Co. . . 200 00 



APPLES AND DOLLARS. 



203 



S. S. Osborne |200 00 William S. Tistlale $200 00 



Packard & James 

Parker, Brooks & Co. . 

Ariel Patterson 

Pearce & Brush 

Post, Smith & Co 

G. M. Richmond & Co. 
George C. Robinson . . 

J. P. Robinson 

Theo(l<ire Rogers 



200 00 James L. Truslow 200 00 

200 00 Watson & Pettinger 200 00 

200 00 J. T. Whiteliouse 200 00 

200 00 Franklin Woodruff 200 00 

200 00 Village of Greenpoint, by Mrs. 

200 00 Close and Miss S. Ileatli 188 45 

200 00 Village of Mattituck, by John 

200 00 Sliirley 1 79 2.5 

200 00 Capitoline Association 175 00 




Thomas F. Rowland . . 

Sage & Co 

SheflSeld & Co 

Smith & Jewell 

John Sneden 

J. C. Southwiek 

Nathan Soutliwick. . . 
J. B. Spelman it Sons. 

Augustus Storrs 

Sutton, Smith & Co . . 
Mies E. Thurston 



NEW E.N'. LAND KITniEN: APPLE PAR1> 



200 00 Mrs. Dunn's school for young 

200 00 ladies 1 75 00 

200 00 J. B. ITutchiMson, proceeds of 

200 00 musical soiree 1T5 00 

200 00 Mrs. James H. Prentice 175 00 

200 00 Village of New Lots, by Rev. J. 

200 00 M. Van Beuren 174 50 

200 00 Mrs. U. C. Osborn, pupils of her 

200 00 Seminary 1 70 85 

200 00 Town of East Hampton, by J. 

200 00 Madison Huntting 170 49 



204 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Town of Grecnport. by Rev. C. 

Backiium $170 00 

Little Girls' Fair, by Mr. F. 

Hodges ITO 00 

Edward Dodge, entertainment 

by J. Wilson and friends IR-t 79 

Mrs. J. 11. Frost 158 00 

C. F. Blake 157 81 

Ladies' Union Association of 

Hempstead 155 00 

D. B. Dearborn 155 00 

Masury it AVbiton 155 00 

Village of Islip, liy Rev. Alvan 

Nash 152 00 

J. S. Bagley 150 00 

Brittan Brotliers 150 00 

B. E. Clark l.'iO 00 

Member of Clirist Church, E. I)., 

by Rev. A. H. Partridge 150 00 

George Dickinson 150 00 

.Tames Douglass 150 00 

Jonathan Earle 150 00 

Hermann Koop 150 00 

"W. Lang, Bailey & Co 150 00 

Mrs. A. Crittenden 149 58 

Washington Avenue Baptist 

Church 143 50 

Brooklyn Heights Seminary, 

Prof. C. E. West 140 00 

Mrs. Sparkman and Mrs. Mc^relle 137 63 

J. D. Clark, pu])ils of his school 120 00 

Norman Hubbard 120 00 

Village of Babylon, by Martin 

Willets , 125 (10 

Samuel Engle 125 00 

James L. Hathaway 125 00 

George S. Puffin 125 00 

South Brooklyn Female Semi- 
nary entertainment 125 00 

W. M. Steele & Co 125 00 

Bethel Mission Sunday School, 

42 and 44 Fulton Street 123 91 

Ericsson Aid Society, by Mrs. A. 

B. Lowber 120 00 

George J. Viuing 120 00 

Gravesend Neck, by S. Gerret- 

sen 118 00 

John Shuster 117 00 

Village of Farmingdale, by Chas. 

S. Powell 115 00 

D. S. Waring 115 00 

Brooklyn Daily Fnion Ill 28 



Entertainment by Lizzie C. Com- 

stock, Grace A. and Nellie A. 

Bowen §111 00 

Third Presbyterian Church, Ijy 

Mrs. Badeau 110 00 

Village of Brookville, by Rev. 

Jeremiah Searle 108 00 

Soldiers' Aid Society of Queens 107 25 

A. Oatman 105 00 

B. Stevens 105 00 

Village of Cypress, by Wni. A. 

Walker 104 10 

Presbyterian Church, Wallabout, 

Rev. Dr. Grceuleaf 100 10 

Anthony & Hall 100 00 

Woodward, Lawrence & Co 100 00 

Dummock & Moore ■ 100 00 

Hunt, Tillingha.st & Co 100 00 

Sprague, Cooper & Colburn . . . 100 00 

Rice, Chase & Co 100 CO 

F. Newman 100 00 

Carhart, Bacon, Greene & Co. . 100 00 

Pastor, Hardt & Lindgens 100 00 

Slade & Colby 100 00 

Ezra M. Frost 100 00 

Howell & King 100 00 

Becar & Co 100 00 

Wm. Lottimer & Co 100 00 

Wm. B. Leonard 100 00 

B. H. Hutton 100 00 

Chapman & Co 100 00 

E. M. Lord 100 00 

Bowers, Beeckman & Bradford, 

Jr 100 00 

Arnold, Constable & Co 100 00 

E. S. Jaftray & Co 100 00 

Furraan Hunt 100 00 

Walter Lock wood 100 00 

George Mygatt 100 00 

Thomas & Co 100 00 

Chas. Welliug & Co 100 00 

Stanfield, Wentworth & Co 100 00 

Wicks, Smith & Co 100 00 

Wm. Brand & Co 100 00 

W. H. Lee & Co 100 00 

E. E. Eames 100 00 

Henry Stone ... 100 00 

Knower cfc Piatt 100 00 

J. & H. Auchinclos,s 100 00 

Joseph H. Adams & Coombs. . . 100 00 

Carlos Bardwell 100 00 

D. S. Barnes 100 00 



DOLLARS L\ UUxXDREDS. 



205 



Ileni-y W. Barstow $100 00 

John C. Beatty 100 00 

Robert W. Beatty 100 00 

Henry G. Bell 100 00 

Beuner & Brown 1 00 00 

James B. Blossom 100 00 

Josiah B. Blossom 100 00 

John Bhint 100 00 

John B. Bogart 100 00 

Breithani)t & 'Wilson 100 00 

Broadway Railroad Co 100 00 

Brooklyn Athenajnm and Read- 

ing-Rooni 100 00 

Mrs. George W. Brown 100 00 

Joseph B. Brnsli 100 00 

Charles J. Bnlkley 1 00 00 

T. P. Bncklin, Jr 100 00 

T. B. Bunting & Co 100 00 

James Burt 100 00 

Cirsar & Pauli 100 00 

Ewald Caron 100 00 

J. S. Case 100 00 

S. T. Caswell 100 00 

Central Bank 100 00 

Cliapnian & Co 100 00 

Pickering Clark 100 00 

Geo. A. Clark & Brother 100 00 

Clark, Clapp & Co 100 00 

Robert Colgate & Co 100 00 

George Collins 100 00 

Connecticut Mutual Life Insu- 
rance Co.. ITartford 100 00 

Charles W. Cooper 100 00 

Cross & Austin 100 00 

Henry Davis 100 00 

H. II. Dickinson 100 00 

Benjamin Dietz 100 00 

Margaret Dimoii 100 00 

Dodge & Olcott 100 00 

D. K. Ducker 100 00 

E. W. Dunham 100 00 

Cliarles Easton 100 00 

C. F. Elwell 100 00 

Entertainment by Sarah E. Con- 
nor and A. C. Smith 100 00 

Frederick C. Farley 100 00 

Thomas Faye 100 00 

Wm. Finney 100 00 

Flagg, Baldwin & Co 100 00 

John R. Ford 100 00 

W. C. Fowler 100 00 

Fowler & Ward 100 00 



James H. Frothiughani $100 00 

Isaac Gerry 100 00 

J. M. Goetchius 100 00 

A. F. Goodnow 100 00 

Cliarles Goodwin 100 00 

Werner Graeve 100 00 

H. W. Gray 100 00 

Greenpoint Sugar House 100 00 

James M. Griggs 100 00 

Guardian Life Insurance Co. . . . 100 00 

Jolin Harold 100 00 

C. F. A. lleinriehs 100 00 

Nathaniel Hillyer 100 00 

Frank Hincbman 100 00 

J. H. Ilolcomb 100 00 

Holmes, Bootli & Ilaydens 100 00 

George T. Hope 100 00 

B. II. Howell 100 00 

George Howes 100 00 

J. Freeman Hunt 100 00 

W. B. Hunter 100 00 

F. W. Ilurd, M. D 100 00 

David II. James 100 00 

W. II. Jenkins 100 00 

A. G. Jerome 100 00 

Dwight Johnson 100 00 

Johnson & Spader 100 00 

Frederick W. Kalbfleisch 100 00 

Samuel T. Keese 100 00 

Charles Kelsey 100 00 

A. E. Kent & Co 100 00 

M. S. Kerrigan 100 00 

Godfrey II. Koop 100 00 

Thomas W. Ladd 100 00 

F. A. Lane 100 00 

H. G. Lapliam 100 00 

O. K. Lapham 100 00 

Wm. Layton 100 00 

Lee, Bliss & Co 100 00 

W. B. Leonard 100 00 

S. Livingston 100 00 

Loeschigk, Wesendonek & Co. . 100 00 

C. J.Lowrey 100 00 

W. D. Mangam 100 00 

Martin it Ritchie 100 00 

Edward McClelhin 100 00 

Alexander McColhim 100 00 

Charles McDougall 100 00 

Thomas D. Middleton 100 00 

Miller & Co 100 00 

S. Milliken.Jr 100 00 

Wm. Wickhani Mill-^ 100 00 



206 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



C. S. Mitchell, M. D 

Muller & Kruger 

W. M. Newell 

Franklin Newman 

George L. Nicliols 

Thomas H. Norris 

Angiistus Notteboliiii 

David O'Neill 

Paton & Co 

George L. Paye & Co 

George P. Payson 

Pierrepont St. Baptist Cliurcli.. 

Port Jefferson, by Rev. L. Stew- 
ard 

Purdne & Ward 

Alex. P. Purves 

Railroad Directors, by II. A. 
Kent 

Rice, Chase & Co 

Henry C. Richardson 

Geo. W. Robbins 

Roche Brothers & Coffey 

Thomas Rowe 

R. W. Rnssell 

John Sorymser 

Michael Snow 

George G. Spencer 

State Mutual Life Insurance Co. 
of Worcester 

Edward II. Stephenson 

Stony Brook, by Col. W. S. Wil- 
liamson 

Total cash contributi' 



$100 00 Strasburger & Nuhn $100 00 

100 00 Alexander Stud well 100 00 

100 00 Thomas Sidlivan 100 00 

100 00 0. C. & H. M. Taber 100 00 

100 00 C. B. Tathara 100 00 

100 00 Wra. Taylor & Sons 100 00 

100 00 Thomas &. Benham 100 00 

100 00 Tliomas & Co 100 00 

100 00 IT. Thomas & Co 100 00 

100 00 B. C. Townsend 100 00 

100 00 G. C. Treadwell <fc Co 100 00 

100 00 J. S. Underbill 100 00 

Union Mutual Insurance Co.. . . 100 00 

100 00 Yyse & Sons 100 00 

100 00 B. A. Warden 100 00 

100 00 II. B. Warden 100 00 

C. C. Warren 100 00 

100 00 Joseph A. Weeden 100 00 

100 00 David Wesson 100 00 

100 00 B. & G. Westlake 100 00 

100 00 Westlake & McKee 100 00 

100 00 Granville Whittlesey 100 00 

100 00 Williams & Whittlesey 100 00 

100 00 Wihnot & Kissani Manufactui-- 

100 00 ing Company 100 00 

100 00 Woodruff & Robinson 100 00 

100 00 David Wood 100 00 

Nicholas Wyckoff. 100 00 

100 00 Sums collected by committees 
100 00 of the fair, sums given anony- 
mously, and sums under $100. 3-3,481 99 

100 00 

ons $208,523 36 



Besides the sums mentioned in the foregoing list as having been given by 
churches, the various congregations of Brooklyn and Long Island made dona- 
tions of goods, which, when turned into money, represented some $60,000 
more. Well may Brooklyn be called the City of Churches. 

The day that saw the opening of the Brooklyn and Long Island Fair 
witnessed, also, tlie opening of the Albany Bazaar; the East River at its 
mouth, and the North River at its source, alike spent the memorable anni- 
versary in works of inauguration. Like the Brooklynites, the Albanians had 
begun weeks before. A circular had been issued early in January, in which 
stern fact was gracefully mingled with stimulating appeal : 

" The more supplies, the more the cost of properly and economically 
distributing them. "We must maintain our machinery, or the meal that comes 
to our mill will never be converted into bread for the soldier."' 



THE ALBANY ARMY RELIEF BAZAAR. 207 

" No man is so wealthy or high, and uo man so poor or degraded, as to 
refuse the gift of patriotism on the altar of our common country. At the 
recent fair in Boston the millionaire piled his munificent gifts on a common 
table with the voluntary handicraft labors of the inmates of the Charlestown 
State Prison." 

"While the neighboring towns and villages were preparing to make a 
worthy response to the call of Albany, an interesting question arose as to what 
a not distant city would do. What could be expected of Troy ? Or, rather, 
could any thing be expected of Troy ? For Troy had for years looked askance 
at Albany, and Albany had returned the sidelong glance. There had been 
rivalries between them ; there had been quarrels about a bridge ; Troy, 
though the current ran from it to its neighbor, declared that Albany disturbed 
and muddied the stream as it flowed by Trojan banks ; Albany retorted that 
that coiild not well be, unless streams ran up hill. In short, they could not 
both drink from the same waters, and was it possible for them both to meet 
under one roof to further one object? Happily, the cause was one that might 
have reconciled greater enmities ; it might have persuaded the wolf to lie 
down with the lamb ; and it harmonized Albany and Troy. It prevailed, too, 
upon Schenectady ; and Cohoes and Hudson. Kinderhook and Saratoga, 
Middleburgh and Waterford, obeyed the summons as well. 

The officers, directors and managers of tiie Albany Army Relief Bazaar 
were as follows : 

President, Vice-President, 

Uox. George II. Tiiaciieb. Hon. Eli Pekry. 

Secretary, Treasurer, 

Jonx Tatleu Hall. Chauncey P. Williams. 

Oeneral Directors, 
Maj.-Gen. John E. Wool, Troy. Hon. Hugh White, Cohoes. 

Brig.-Gen. John T. Sprague, Albany. Hon. Platt Potter, Soheneetaily. 

Major Henry A. Brigham, West Troy. Hon. Theodore Miller, HudsoiL 

Hon. John Cramer, Waterford. Hon. Peter S. Danforth, Middleburgh. 

Local Directors. 

ERA8TUS Corning, Lyman Tkemain, 

Joseph H. Ramsey, Charles M. Jenkins, 

Harmon Pimpelly, Robert Boyd, 

Thomas Schuyler, Alden March, M. I)., 

Peter Monteath, Joseph C. Y. Paige, 

Samvel II. Ransom, Mason F. Cogswell, M. D., 

Peter Cagger, Thomas W. Oi.cott, 

Henry II. Martin, John K. Porter, 

George Wolford, Franklin Townsend, 

William II. DeWitt, John Tweddlk, 



208 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Smith Briggs, 

RtJFns II. King, 

Thdrlow Weed, 

Charles Van Bexthuysen, 

Alexander S. Johssoji, 

Peter Gansevoort, 

Ezra P. Prentice, 

S. Oaklet Vanderpoei,, il. 

Hon. Geo. H. TnAonEit, 
John Tatler Hall, 
Charles H. Strong, 
James H. Armsbt, M. D., 
S. Oaklet Vanderpoel, M. 
Henry Q. Hawley, 
Jacob C. Cutler, 
Frank Chamberlain, 
Charles B. Redfield, 
Henry T. Buell, 
John H. Van Antwerp, 

Wm. a. Shepard, 
David A. Wells, 



Ii.. 



John Swinburne, M. D., 
William Barnes, 
Clark B. Cochrane, 
William A. Young, 
Jeremiah J. Austin, 
Henrt Q. Hawley, 

AZARIAH E. StIMSON, 

Charles B. Redfield. 



Mcinagers, 



Solomon Htdeman, 
Arthur Bott, 
Thomas Kearnet, 
James McNaughton, 
D., John Tweddle, 

Mrs. Eli Perry, 
Mrs. Wm. White, 
Mr.s. Franklin Townsend, 
Mrs. Charles B. Redfield, 
Mrs. Thomas Hun, 
Mrs. James Goold. 
iTnnagers for Trntj, 

Mrs. Geo. M. Tibbits, 
Mrs. John Flagq. 



As Albany possessed no building fit to be tlie scene of the proposed 
solemnities, an edifice was built, and the chronicles state that it rose like the 
palace of Aladdin. It was not a Greek Cross, nor yet a Latin Cross, but a 
double Greek Cross, the two naves running parallel,* and the two transepts 
coalescing into one. The ceremonies of dedication fell to the lot of Mr. 
Thacher, President of the day, to Horatio Seymour, Governor of tlic State, 
and to Alfred B. Street, i^oet of the occasion. The lanyard was pulled at the 
appointed time, and the several duties were worthily discharged. 

Let us visit the Greek Crosses under the guidance of "The Canteen," a 
vessel which cheers, but not inebriates ; we shall find it no blind guide, 
despite its name ; it is no irresponsible cicerone, though edited by Mr. Smith. 
First, we take a general view of the scene, and learn, or rather ^e, that 
" what the nymphs and graces were to the mythology of the golden age, the 
ladies are to the living realities of the bazaar. They occupy its haunts, and 
their bland smiles irradiate every department." We find that it is their 
hands that have twined the pendent wreaths, that have made ladies' boudoirs 



* We never write of naves without shuddering at the possibility of a painful typographical error, 
which, having occurred once, may again. It was some time since our fortune, when tliousands of 
miles away from the jM-iuter, to be made to eay : " As Louis Napoleon entered tlie crowded Cathedral, 
the appearance of the knave was truly magnificent!" And certain persons maintained that this paltry 
play upon words was intentional. And here we are, now, with two naves to beware of 



TEE FAIR NEWSPAPERS. 



209 



out of carpenters' booths, and that have filled them with wares which sell 
themselves but not the purchasers. We are told that it is our duty and 
should be our pleasure to become hungry and thirsty, as we look at the 
maidens who dispense refreshments, arrayed in a becoming and uniform 




THE FAIR NEWSPAPERS. 
THE SPIRIT OF THE FAIR : NEW YORK. 

THE DRUM beat: BROOKLYN. THE CANTEEN: ALBANY. 

TUE DAILY countersign: ST. LOUIS. 



THE volttnteer; CniCAGO. 

THE SPRINGFIELD MUSKET. 

TUE ladies' knapsack: CINCINNATI. 



apparel. We would not exchange our cup-bearer for her who waited on 

Jove ; and we are grateful that our lot is cast, not among the Olympians, 

but amid the Knickerbockers. 

Still under the direction of The Canteen, we descend to particulars. We 
u 



•210 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

find in the Yankee booth a model of Bunker Hill Monument made of 
parched corn ; a Continental churn, one hundred and fifty years old, happily 
innocent of any share in recent butter monopolies ; doughnuts, cider, and 
clothes-wringers ; expensive illustrated books, published by a banker impris- 
oned for treason, half the proceeds to go to his destitute family. We also 
notice that the ladies attending are the "most pleasing in the fair." At the 
United States booth we observe a counterpart of the Brooklyn Old Lady who 
lived in a Shoe. " Buy any dolls to-day ?" " No, my dear, I haven't any 
little girls to play with them." "Then you can play with them yourself" 
And a doll is bought. The ladies here are among the most attractive in 
Albany. Still, they are not to be compared with those attached to the wigwam. 
" The hut is luing with the trophies of war and the chase ; the canoe is drawn 
up waiting the opening of the streams ; the snow-shoes are near the door and 
ready for any emergency."' Bows and arrows, baskets, bead- work, spear-heads, 
&c., &c., are disposed of upon reasonable terms by the following loyal Indians : 
Metamora, Maneoka, Hiawatha, Pocahontas, Wawatasa, Owassa, Minnehaha, 
Opechee, "Winona, and Tawashaganshee. 

The department of Military Trophies, furnished principally from Col. 
Doty's bureau of military statistics, was one of the most comjDlete of the many 
sanitary museums of this kind, containing, as it did, a musket-stock used and 
broken at Bunker Hill; the sword of Aaron Burr; Lafayette's camp-kettle ; 
Washington's razor and fire-shovel ; a pistol, said to have belonged to Corn- 
wallis ; the coat worn by Colonel Ellsworth when he was slain ; the last letter 
written by him to his parents ; the flag of the Marshall House — the latter 
o-uardcd bv Lieut. Brownell, who avenged the death of his commander ; a 
bronze 2-t-pounder, surrendered by Burgoyne; howitzers used by Mad 
Anthony Wayne in the Indian wars, and a beautifully graduated series of 
grapeshot, canister, and shells ; specimens of muskets and ammunition from 
the various foundries ; rifled jjrojectiles from Cold Spring, and a most interest- 
ing collection of tattered flags of New York regiments. 

The Scottish booth was taken, by persons who came upon it suddenly, for 
a massive baronial castle, built of solid stone. Ancient armor and a St. 
Andrew's Cross adorned the walls. The tartan and bonnet graced the per- 
sons of the bonnie lassies who we're toiling for their soldier laddies ; who 
found that there was nae luck aboot the house when their gude man's awa' ; 
and who were strongly resolved to give aid and comfort to all Scots who had 
wi' Wallace bled. Miss Bruce presided at the Caledonian counter, aided by 
the Cochranes, the McNaughtons, the Dicksons, and the Davidsons. 



THE ALBANY ARMY liELIEF BAZAAR. 211 

At tlie Shaker booth the sisters of Obadiah dispensed sage, rue, and bone- 
set ; brooms, baskets, and rugs ; fans, chairs, and afghans. They -were not 
opposed to raffling, and offered, to be disposed of by lot, a miniature meeting- 
house filled with Shaker worshippers, with a gallery of worldly and unsympa- 
thizing spectators. 

The Hollanders — apparently the very same who ate olykookes and traded 
with the Indians — invited the purchaser to take a pipe and witness the mys- 
teries of quilting. They showed him a fac-simile of an old-time pulpit, carved 
out of the very oak of the pulpit itself; a looking-glass one hundred and fifty 
years old; and a cake baked in Holland while Franklin Pierce was President. 

Waters fresh from the spring flowed sparkling from their prison-house, at 
the bidding of him who produced his papers at the desk named Saratoga. 
This matter of beverages being the peculiar province of The Canteen, we quote 
from its foaming contents : " Saratoga commands the attention of the fashion- 
able world. The Orientals are here, the French flit past, the military tarry, 
the Germans lounge around, the Shakers stay away, the Sybil comes, the 
Indians leave their wares, the tide of travel has set in, and Saratoga is gay." 

A gorgeous harp — the outlines defined by jets of gas — a very fine likeness 
of St. Patrick, and the national colors of Green Erin, bade the passer-by halt 
at the stand of Ould Ireland. Here was " Tara's Hall,'" built of burrs and 
nutshells, with obligato harp accompaniment ; here were one hundred canes 
cut fnjm a palmetto log ; medals and rosaries blessed by Pius IX. ; a ship 
under full saO. ; a caged thrush, an embroidered peacock, and many beautiful 
articles in ebony, marble, wax, and worsted. The Irish booth was lined with 
mirrors ; and these, when Mrs. Dr. O'Callaghan, and Mrs. Delehanty, and Mrs. 
Annesley, and Miss Kearney, and Miss Cassidy stood before them, were said 
to reflect great credit upon the bazaar. 

At the Italian booth, Fra Diavolo had turned salesman, and dispensed 
vases, pictures, and mosaics. He must have rifled many a tourist's luggage 
to furnish so rich a collection. There was nothing of the brigand about him, 
not even in his prices. The belief entertained by many that the Italian ban- 
dits are in league with the peasantry, was strengthened by the spectacle pre- 
sented here, where the freebooter above-named was openly aided by villagere 
in disposing of the spoils. If they shared the plunder, is it not probable that 
they had a hand in the furnishing of the wares ? 

Here is a booth in which two grand departments are merged : France 
and Perfumery. This is a just return for a classification made in the French 
World's Fair: America and India-Rubber. The Oriental booth, distinguished 



212 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



by the star and crescent, presents a curious mixture of feigned indifference 
and silent energy on tlie part of its occupants, to whose " careless luxuriance" 
The Canteen refers in terms of commendation. The Turk, the Albanian, 
and the Greek, are figured by gentlemen ; in the costumes of ladies wc recog- 
nize the Syrian, the Smyrniote, the Constantinopolitan, the Algerine, the Cir- 
cassian, the Moor, and the Persian. 

Spain and Schenectady ! These first-class powers occupied adjoining 
quarters, separated only by a tliiu partition. In the first, wares were offered 
by ladies as Andalusian as themselves, while the second proposed goods rather 
useful than ornamental, by the hands of saleswomen who were quite as much 
one as the other. Had it been the grape season, doubtless the Spaniards 
would have sold the Isabellas, while the Catawbas would have been found 
at the wigwam. 

Kinderhook and Japan 1 Switzerland and Troy ! We pass these repre- 
sentatives of mighty empires with regret. We linger in Palmer's Studio, 
where hospitality is extended by Palmer Marbles to Boughton, Kensett, Hart, 
and Cropsev, and many other Oils. We take a ticket — one in five thousand 
— in the raffle for the original draft of the first Emancipation Proclamation, 
which, however, we do not win, as the wheel, with great propriety, names 
Gerritt Smith as the owner. We return our thanks to our guide, take an- 
other pull at The Canteen — ^by which language we mean that we grasp and 
shake the hand of the editor — and emerge into the open air, and sit down to 
the preparation of the following tables : 

Total receipts of the Albany Bazaar $111,974 64 

Net profit, al.out 83,000 00 

The following is an abstract of the cash contributions : 



Contributions of German citi- 
zens, by Arthur Bott $1 

J. Cohn & Brother, from Hebrew 
ladies ■ 

Employees of Delavan House, by 
D. Roeple & Son 

Watervliet Turnpike and R. R. 
Co 

E. Corning & Co 

City of Albany 

Volunteer Relief Association, by 
W. S. Briggs 

Troy Tickets 

New York State Bank 



,250 


00 


518 


50 


489 


50 


37fi 


75 


350 


00 


300 


00 


283 


11 


275 


50 


250 


00 



Ladies' Aid Society of Knox, by 

Jolin llyser $263 65 

Rufus II. King 250 00 

Mechanics' & Farmers' Bank. . . 250 00 

Commercial Bank 250 00 

City Bank 2.50 00 

Thomas Schuyler 250 00 

Thomas TV. Olcott 250 00 

Ransom & Co 250 00 

Columbian Insurance Co., N. Y. 

City 250 00 

Jenkins Van Schaick, N. Y., by 

Miss Harriet Weed 250 00 

Samuel Schuyler 250 00 



THE NORTIIEUN OHIO SANITARY FAIR. 



213 



E. P. Prentice $250 00 

Alfred E. Wild 2S0 00 

Steplien Van Rensselaer 250 00 

Employees of Watervliet Arse- 
nal, by D. 'Walton 233 00 

E. A. Clapp 216 15 

Albany Exchange Bank 200 00 

A. Van Sanvoord 200 00 

W. G. Thomas 100 00 

Merchants' Bank 100 00 

Union Bank 100 00 

Hawkins, Van Antwerp <& Co. . 100 00 

Edson & Co 100 00 

J. J. Austin 100 00 

James Kidd 100 00 

Crook, Palmer & Co 1 00 00 

W. N. Strong 100 00 

Alanson A. Sumner 100 00 

Albany Gaslight Co 100 00 

Thurlow Weed 100 00 

H. Punipelly 100 00 

Viele, Coles & Woodrnff 100 00 

Charles Van Benthuysen 100 00 

0. Hammond, Crown Point 100 00 

Weed, Parsons & Co 100 00 

Commerce Insurance Co 100 00 

Albany Insurance Co 100 00 

Albany City Fire Insurance Co. 100 00 

Alexander Van Rensselaer 100 00 

Sharon Soldiers' Aid Society. . . 100 00 

Thomas Olcott 100 00 

Egbert Egbert 100 00 

George Dawson 100 00 

William H. Dewitt 100 00 

J. Taylor Cooper 100 00 

John F. Rathbone 100 00 

J. H. Ten Eyck 100 00 

E. C. Delavan 100 00 

Washington Society of Saratoga 

Springs, by M. W. Putnam.. . 90 21 

Archibahl McChire CO 00 

Willi.'im Newton 50 00 

Charles B. Lansing 50 00 



J. B. L. Pruyn $50 00 

H. II. Martin 50 00 

E. Wickes 50 00 

George A. Woolverton 50 00 

Taylor & Waterman 50 00 

A. B. McCoy 50 00 

Friend Humphrey's Sons ..... 50 00 

John Tweddle 50 00 

M. H. Read 50 00 

William Gould 50 00 

R. S. & P. Cushman 50 00 

Ross & Crocker 50 00 

Hon. J. R. Mattison 50 00 

Mutual Insurance Co 50 00 

Hugh White, Cohoes 50 00 

D. J. Boyd 50 00 

Hon. Horatio Seymour 50 00 

Dr. Alden March 50 00 

John Taylor's Sons 60 GO 

C. B. Redfield 50 00 

Wm. White 50 00 

George H. Thacher 50 00 

Mrs. George H. Thacher 50 00 

D. S. Lathrop 50 00 

Eli Perry 50 00 

Mrs. Mary S. Wayland 50 00 

AVhite, Loveland & Co 50 00 

C. II. Adams 50 00 

Peter Vansevoort 50 00 

R. M. Vansickler & Forby 50 00 

Frank Chamberlain 50 00 

Shear, Packard & Co 50 00 

Birdsell, Tassett & Olcott 50 00 

Isaac W. Vosburgh 50 00 

Samuel Anable 50 00 

Wilson, Lansing & Co 50 00 

C. B. Williams 50 00 

William Headlam 50 00 

•L & C. B. Holt 50 00 

Peter Monteath 50 00 

Clark, Sumner & Co 50 00 

George C. Treadwell 50 00 

James Edwards 30 00 



The Northern Ohio Sanitary Fair, held at Cleveland, opened late in Feb- 
ruary, 1864, and ran a prosperous career of rather more than a fortnight. 
The following is the official report of the Treasurer, Mr. T. P. Handy. The 
estimates which apjDcar therein have been fully borne out by the subsequent 
sales : 



214 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Cash donations $14,950 77 

Received from forty-four booths in Bazaar 19,082 96 

" " Fine Art Hall and Museum 1,880 03 

" Mechanics' Hall 4,335 21 

" " Dramatic entertainments 1,040 15 

" " Stereoptieon 532 75 

" Floral Hall booths 3,209 07 

" " sale of tickets for admission, evening entertainments, and dining 

hall 33,831 00 

" " other sources in Bazaar 2,491 07 

" " sale of buildings, furniture, itc 9,941 00 

Estimate of value of coal i)romised, not yet received 4,600 00 

" Machinery and articles unsold 3,200 00 

" " Potatoes and other vegetables delivered to S. A. Society. . 2,349 08 

Gross receipts $101,443 09 

Expenses 22,892 30 

Xet receipts $78,551 33 

" Of tliis result," wrote Mr. Handy, " Cleveland has a riglit to be proud. 
Among the many cities in wbick sanitary fairs have been held, none have 
done better than our own. Cleveland numbered, in 1860, when the last 
census was taken, 43,417 inhabitants. Taking this as a basis, the net receipts 
of the fair, if divided among the people, would average $1. 80 to every man, 
woman, and child in the city. On the same basis of calculation, neither 
Brooklyn nor Cincinnati can claim an average of more than $1. 50 of net 
receipts per inhabitant, while Chicago, Boston, Buifalo, Albany, &c., are com- 
pletely distanced. It may be claimed that the population of Cleveland has 
greatly increased since 1860, and that our city received great aid in carrying 
on the fair from other towns, and, in fact, from all Northern Ohio. Both 
these propositions are indisputable, but similar ones can be urged with equal 
force in regard to every other city in which a fair has been held. So that 
Cleveland may proudly claim the banner, as the city in which the most suc- 
cessful sanitary fair, projjortionateh', has yet been held." 

Inspired by the Cleveland Fair, the editor of the Louisville Sanitarj^ 
Reporter made the following eloquent remarks : " We cannot help thinking 
that the good results of these fairs are not to rest with the contributions to 
the soldiers' comfort alone — are not to be estimated in so many dollars for 
socks, sourkrout, onions, and potatoes. To promote their comfort, to be able 
to buy these essentials for the army, is an incalculable good. But this charity 
is twice blessed. A rich and subtle blessing must lie in the wide sympa- 
thies called out, the new relations of acquaintance, friendship, and intimacy 
formed, and in the surprising revelation of talent and worth in remote and 



TUE POUGUKEEPSIE FAIR. 215 

unexplored localities. Neighbors and neighborhoods must come to respect 
each other more, to depend upon each other more, and wonder that they have 
missed finding each other out so long. Prejudice must be softened; artificial 
barriers must give way to a freer intercourse, and tenderness of feeling and 
judgment must take the place of sour suspicion. After so complete a flooding 
of all the field of life with the resistless tide of a sweet and noble enthusiasm, 
we cannot but look for a new bloom and unexampled harvests." 

To Poughkeepsie-on-the- Hudson, in the order of succession. Here a 
party of young people were collected at a lady's house, for an evening's 
amusement, in the month of January, 1864. The idea of holding a fair for 
the soldiers was broached by one of the youngest ladies present, and spread 
among the others like a beneficent contagion. The customary meetings were 
held; the enthusiasm was judiciously forced into profitable channels, dates 
were fixed, ofiicers aj^pointed : Mrs. James Winslow being chosen President, 
Mrs. Chas. H. Ruggles, Secretary, and Miss Sarah M. Carpenter, Treasurer. 
There was a committee of women to do the work, and a committee of men to 
give advice. Mr. Matthew Vassar ofifered the society the use of a spacious five- 
story building, and here the fair was held. 

To such an extent was the activity of the inhabitants of the City of 
Poughkeepsie and County of Dutchess concentrated upon this one work, that 
every man, woman, and child between eight and eighty were said to be 
engaged in it. They had sent three thousand soldiers to the field, and might 
set them an example of zeal, if not of prowess. As the time drew near, the 
treasury began to show signs of life; rills of vitality flowing in from school 
exliibitions, lectures, concerts, living pictures, and from the subscription 
books circulated among the solid men. At last the day came. Julius 
Caesar may have had cause to beware the 15th of March, but not certain other 
soldiers of a later dispensation, for on that auspicious day the portals of the 
Poughkeepsie Fair were opened wide I The mud was of that dejJth and con- 
sistency so prized by makers of street pies, so dreaded by conductoi's of 
siege trains. "Where the guns would have been engulfed, and jierliaps spiked 
and abandoned, the lighter vehicles passed safely on, drawing up at the 
Vassar Emporium of Sanitary Eelief. But the sight, it seems, was -worth the 
journey. 

Imagine saleswomen whose eyes and cheeks possessed qualities enabling 
them to " impart the hue of a blush to a cigar-case, and the flavor of a smile 
to an oyster stew." That this was done is the assertion of an eye-witness, 
and we see no reason to doubt its accuracy ; in fact, persons who take oysters 



210 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

in a convivial way on festive occasions are very apt to seek to improve them 
by the flavor of a smile. 

We find at Poughkeepsie the originals or the duplicates of many of the 
devices that have done profitable business throughout the country. Here 
was the old woman who lived in a shoe, exhibited in a gipsy tent, and treated 
and paid for as an extra; here was the skating pond, a philosophical toy in 
which fourteen little figures, clad in wintry garments, and shod with steel, 
were made, by the revolution of a disk in front of circular mirrors, to appear 
like an army upon runners; here was the temple of Flora; a museum of 
curiosities; a bull-finch, that carolled sweetly when the clock struck; and 
here was a Dutchess County homestead of one hundred years ago. This 
was the feature that gave character and individuality to the fair, and merits 
description in detail. 

The visitor's attention was first attracted by what appeared to be the out- 
side of a spacious and somewhat weather-beaten mansion. The door was 
double, and upon the upper flange was a knocker which had summoned the 
servant to the threshold, in a house in the neighborhood, for one hundred and 
twenty years. The visitor, if authorized by the possession of a pass — for 
hospitality here was strictly mercenary — awoke the echoes of the knocker ; the 
upper portion of the door opened, a vision of beauty appeared — it is well 
known that waiting-maids are never handsome by halves — consulted the pass, 
assured herself that the proper pecuniary transaction had been accomplished, 
then flung wide the lower portal, and ushered the applicant into scenes that, 
though not pre- Adamite, were at least pre-Rip-Van-Winkleish. The ceiling 
was low, and the beams projected ; the fowling-piece and powder-horn hung 
from convenient nails. The tiles of the old Dutch fire-place told cerulean 
stories of Scripture heroes ; the mantel was adorned with antique candlesticks, 
tobacco-pouches, and silhouettes. On the wainscot was a " Poor Richard's 
Almanack" of 1774. Here was a well stocked corner cupboard, filled with 
antique china of every kind, from the unsatisfying tea-cup to the capacious 
punch-bowl ; there stood a stately clock in its tall mahogany case. Here was 
a spinnet, from whose tinkling, wiry sounds have come the magnificent chords 
of the modern grand piano ; there a Holland sofa, imported in 1691. The 
walls were hung with ancient pictures and samplers. Upon a shelf, quite out 
of the reach of mischievous hands, were books bound -in vellum, every one of 
them what Mr. Peter Probity would have called a centurion. There was a 
Dutch Bible with silver clasps ; and pendent from a j)eg was a tippet made 
from the down of early turkeys. "Washington had sat at the mahogany table ; 



THE SU(iAU PENDULUM. 



217 



and the ponderous sword wliit'li dangled from a liook liad cloven the skull of 
an Indian and a Frenchman. 

But these scenes composed a dwelling-place, and people dwelt among 
them. There was a family as old as the furniture. Arrayed in the frocks of 
their great-grandmothers, they sat round the fire, spinning at the wool-wheel, 
making thread on the flax-wheel, or elaborating tea at the mahogany, Wash- 
ingtonian board. Tliis board was plentifully sjinad with the viands of the 
day, served upon platters and iu \essels coeval with them. A luni]) of sugar 
suspended by a string vi- 



brated within the reach of 
all — as sweet a pendulum 
as ever described au arc. 
A thrifty, stirring Dutch 
housekeeper busied herself 
amid these scenes. An in- 
vited guest, clad in the 
very robes of j\Irs. Martha 
Custis, graciously accepted 
courtesies as graciously of- 
fered ; a Quakeress, in her 
grandmother's drab silk, 
breathed serenity on the 
household ; an Indian girl, who had ceased to be a pappoose and hiid not yet 
become a squaw, to wit, Eunice Mauwee, the Last of the Pequods — wearing 
an embossed silver band unearthed from an Indian grave — was trying to feel 
at home, while an individual who did so completely and without effort was 
Pompey in the chimney corner, lilack in feature, gi'ay with age, scarlet in 
waistcoat and dignity. Such Avas a Dutchess County homestead in the good 
old days, we had almost said, of Adam and Eve ; thus, at least, did the worthy 
people of Poughkeepsie seek to represent the various ingredients in Dutchess 
County society one hundred j^ears ago. 

Poughkeepsie deserved success, and fairly won it. Eighteen thousand 
people inhabit the town, and sixteen thousand dollars soon after left it for 
scenes where they could render better service. One dollar per man, woman, 
and child, is a good orthodox standard. Some have given beyond it, and 
some have fallen below; but it is safe ground to stand upon, and, all things 
considered, it is probable that every man, woman, and eliild in the countiy 
stands upon just such. The following is the exhibit: 




THE SrGAR PESDrLUM 



218 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Poughkeepsie cash donations. . . $2,996 llO 

Suburban " " ... 1,504 42 

Fancy (k'partnient 2.750 00 

RetVesbnient department 1,188 99 

Lower restaurant 534 23 

Sale of tickets 2,336 04 

Beekman refreshment table 394 50 

r>over fancy table 258 35 

Fishkill fancy table V02 53 

East Fislikill refreshment table. 134 20 

La Grange refreshment table. . . 514 40 
New Hackensack Society and 

table 214 34 

Wa])pini;er's Falls, Mrs. J. 

Faulkner 139 00 

Skating Pond 421 09 

Post Office 113 91 

Agricultural department 837 45 



Sale of pictures, &c $549 41 

Tickets to Dutchess County 

Room and sales therein 536 14 

Swiss Booth 489 72 

Military Tent 250 07 

Floral Temple 411 57 

Old Woman and Shoe 91 58 

Congregational Sabbath Scliool. 150 00 
Pciuglikeepsie Female Collegiate 

School, Pvev. C. D. Rice 85 00 

Pouglikeepsie Female Academy, 

Rev. D. G. Wright 354 00 

Cottage Hill Seminary, Rev. G. 

T. Rider 172 00 

Collegiate School, O. Bisher. . . 50 00 

Military Institute, Mr. Warring. 100 00 
Cloak-Room. Grab-Bag. (iipsy 

Tent, Philadclpliia table. &c. . 303 84 



Gross receipts. . . 
Deduct expenses. 



$18,640 87 
2,3.58 15 



Net receipts 



§16,282 72 



"We liave mentioned tbe secession of Brooklyn from New York as the 
occasion of the Latter's postponement of tlie date of opening its fair ; and this 
may serve to show that from the beginning of the year, the preparations for 
the Metropolitan Fair had been in progress. It has been said elsewhere that 
the central treasury of the Sanitary Commission was to be the beneficiary of 
the occasion, the branches having generally expended the proceeds of their 
own fairs in the creation of supplies; money was now needed to move and 
properly administer these supplies. Wherefore, early in Januaiy, every- 
body in the city, and many out of it, had been drafted into the army of relief, 
and set to work in their several capacities ; these were to sew, to paint, to 
build, to bake, and those were to see that they did it. The lists of committees 
filled a volume ; the catalogue of their deeds ran over in the newspapers, and 
pretty soon the results of their labors, gathered into the commodious armory 
prepared to receive them, overflowed by the doors and windows, and had to 
be housed elsewhere. How can we even cursorily treat of a subject in half a 
score of pages, upon which a hundred quartos have been already written? 
More has been put upon paper than the Committee on Hides, and Leather could 
bind. "What is there left to say? 

The fiiir was ostensibly held in the l)uilding of which we give a delin- 
eation ; but it would be more correct to say that it was held everywhere, and 
that this was merely the head-quarters. The original building, like a grain of 



THE METROPOLITAN FAIR. 



219 



com undergoing the inflating jirocess of popping, burst out on every side, the 
machinery protruding in tlie rear, the dining room and carriage department 
bulging into adjoining unoccupied spaces. A supplementary construction, as 
big as its superior, was put up in Union Square ; a cattle mart was established 
hard by ; but not only this. On some one day in the winter and spring, the 
hospital flag was raised over every building in the city: here over an exhibi- 
tion given by the school children of the ward, and there ^-ere some forty of 




AKMor.Y <.)F THE TWENTVSEi ON P KEf.IMENT, AILIlAMiKU FOR THE MKTROI'OLITAN FAIR. 



them; there over a sanitary concert, often in a public hall, quite as often in 
a private parlor; over the studios where men of picturesque aspect were 
zealously working with pipe and pencil ; over the theatres that one by one 
devoted a night to the cause ; over sewing circles, rehearsing parties, groups 
of needle pickets; over the engine houses, hose companies all of them ; over 
the counting-room, as the committee man with his subscription li.st entered it, 
and from which he rarely departed empty handed ; over the exchange, post 



220 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

office, custom house, as the paper passed from hand to hand ; over the shop 
and "warehouse, as from each some article was withdrawn and sent to the com- 
mon stock ; over the ship in the harbor, over the ferry-boat in the shp, over 
the flying train, over the crawling stage ; over the banks, the insurance offices ; 
over the markets where some barrel or box was marked as not for sale ; and 
even over the gari'et and attic where there was nothing to give except prayers 
and good wishes. Perhaps, therefore, we should do well to substitute for our 
picture a view of New York, its harbor and environs ; or better yet, a map of 
Manhattan Island, with parts of Connecticut and New Jersey. 

Imagine a vast collection of things in bulk ; think of them by the hundred 
gross ; eliminate all customary ideas and standards from the mind ; where you 
have thought of quarts and pecks, think now of tons and chaldrons; count no 
longer on your fingers ; j^ut several zeros to the right of ail your figures ; deal 
in large comparisons; clap Pelion upon Ossa for a familiar illustration; do 
not say two wringing-machines, but five hundred ; look only at aggregates ; 
add up men and women by the thousand, and throw in the children, for even 
decimal fractions are vulgar now; measure pictures by the space they cover; 
learn to talk of books, as of gas, by the cubic foot ; say an acre of people, a 
hundred barrels of pin-cushions, a furlong of autographs. In short, speak of 
dollars by the million, and you have the sum and substance of the New York 
Fair, which, hj the way, opened on the 4th of April. 

It is plain, therefore, that as in ten pages not more than ten subjects can be 
satisfactorily handled, we can only deal here with such ideas and methods as 
were original with this fiiir. One of these was felicitous indeed. Proceeding 
from the rooms of Messrs. Tiffany & Co., it was as pure a gem as those that 
staved behind, and of more value than any. Like all great thoughts, it was 
marvellously simple ; and, based as it was upon universal suffrage — that is, 
suffrage with the property qualification — it was singularly well adapted to the 
uses of the community in which it had its birth. The house we have named 
gave to the fair two swords, one to be worn in the saddle, the other upon the 
quarter-deck, both richly ornamented. The point, or more properly, perhaps, 
the edge, was, that the people might present these swords to whom they 
pleased ; they could nominate candidates and run them ; only, every voter 
must pay a dollar for his vote, and he might vote as often as his dollars per- 
mitted. Here was an idea, indeed ; and we all of us wondered that the happy 
inventor had not been you or I. The sting was thus plucked from out that 
dano'erous sport, rafSing ; but the seductive element of uncertainty remained, 
so people raffled and called it voting. Had a man an opinion on military 



SANITARY VOTING. 



221 



matters that be was not ashamed the world should kuow ? He could blazon it 
forth to an attentive continent, if be bad but the few necessary dimes. Had 
he certain naval views that be wished to air? Publicity was to be bad for 
a dollar. Those who wished to repeat or dwell upon a statement, might do it 
at the retail price, no deductions being made for a quantity. Reiteration, line 
upon line, was resorted to by many as a means of impressing the treasury with 
their views. The voters stood in line and approached the desk in turn ; there 
was some feeling, some partisanship; but the cause was the better, and no one 
the worse, for that. Peojile took especial pleasure in neutralizing their pred- 
ecessor's vote, and it often happened that, as tbe householder approached the 
book, tbe modest I which he held in readiness was excbanged for the more 
magnificent V, or tbe thoroughly sumptuous X. Tlie imperial L and C 

E.- ^- ft 




SANITARY VOTING. 



were from time to time elicited from jiockets wben there was a plethora either 
with or without them. A count was made at night, and the state of the polls 
was published in tbe papers every morning. 

As the close of tbe fair drew nigh tbe interest centered upon tbe two 
generals who led the list. Scattering votes were rare, and tbe battalions solid. 
It was clear that the book could not thus be kept open to the end, as confusion 
and disorder must inevitably ensue. The friends of one or the other con- 
testant might get possession of the desk and keep their opponents at a dis- 
tance. Tt was finally decided to stop all registered voting at a specified hour. 



222 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

laggards to deposit their suffrages and their money in a box prepared for the 
purpose, a committee of gentlemen, in whom all liad confidence, to count and 
report. The result was as follows : 

AEMY. NAVY. 

General Grant 30,291 Rowan 462 

General McClellan U.509 Farragut .3.33 

All others 163 All others 128 



Total 44,963 Total 922 

If the destination of a sword could be determined by vote, so could that 
of a bonnet, of albums, of silver ware, of a hairy eagle. This latter prize was 
not, as might be supposed by an ornithologist unread in sanitary lore, a 
species beautifully contrived by nature to balance the eagle known as the 
bald, nor yet an eagle upon whose denuded skull some fertilizing tricopherous 
had been happily applied, but an image of the national bird of prey com- 
posed of locks of hair of eminent Americans, deftly interwoven. These and 
other articles, valuable and curious, found an owner through the mysterious 
process of the vote, and the value of the idea to the Metropolitan Fair alone 
was not far from $50,000. We shall meet it again in Philadelphia; shall 
recognize it at St. Louis and Boston, and shall salute it at St. Paul. Its sway 
has extended from the mouth of the Hudson to the source of the Mississippi. 
A few words now upon the more interesting of the working committees. 

The Committee on Public Schools brought nearly $2-4,000 into the treas- 
ury from forty ward school entertainments. These were among the most 
satisfactory proceedings connected with the fan: The eyes of persons who 
attended any of the performances by accident, without knowledge or an inter- 
est in the school system of the city, were opened wide, expecting no such evi- 
dences of devotion at the hands of the teachers, or of zeal and good will at 
those of the scholars. What part the ferule and the foolscap had played in 
producing this marvellous result, we are not told; but the casual observer saw 
nothing but the evidences of an honorable ambition and of an early awakened 
conscience ; he had before him persons certainly young — many of them 
infantine — but all apparently actuated by the most lofty motives. They had 
not learned their lessons by rote, but had conned them con amore. The 
whole affair was in the highest degree creditable to the educational authori- 
ties, to the teachers, to the committee, to the bo3's and girls, and to the fathers 
and mothers of the same. 

The Fire Department collected, exhibited, and sold $30,000 worth of wares 



THE COMMITTEE ON BOOKS. 



223 



of worsted, silk, and silver. Their counter presented a constantly recurring 
scene of devastation and replenishment. 

The Committee on Fine Arts returned the noble sum of $85,000, nearly 
the whole of this being the proceeds of the sale of pictures, albums, and 
engravings. The gallery of paintings lent for exhibition was the finest col- 
lection in America, with the single exception, perhaps, of that of the Great 
Central Fair of Philadelphia. 





llililllH 



iifiiiiiiiiiiww'iiiwr'lii" 




TUB HEART OK TtlE ANDES. 



The galleries of Mi-. Belmont and Mr. Aspinwall were thrown open to the 
public for the benefit of the Committee. 

The Committee on Books, after having, as they thought, solicited from 
every publisher and bookseller in the city, a donation either in money or in 
kind, received a letter from Mr. Wm. K. Cornell, complaining that he had 
been neglected. He inclosed his check for $1,000 in token of reproach. This 
contribution, from a man who had been overlooked, and fi-om whom nothing 
had been expected, was the twelfth part of the aggregate contributions of 



224 TUE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

seventy firms. Mr. Cornell lived but a few months to enjoy the recollection 
of the gratified surprise of the Committee on Books. 

The Committee on Arms and Trophies received over $67,000 ; this included 
the vote upon the Army and Navy Swords. Some $20,000 was realized from 
the sale of relics, diminutive horse-shoes, and other miscellanies. 

The restaurant department was not as successful as was expected. Those 
who had been relied upon to supply the larder jjreferred to make their dona- 
tions in money ; so that the department, compelled to purchase its stores, 
made but a meagre profit. Still, it had the satisfaction of furnishing creature 
comforts to a vast and famished, yet orderly, crowd. As the cash donations 
amounted to $15,000, and as the total receipts were only $17,500, it is plain 
that the principal gain lay in the approval of conscience, and that the com- 
mittee must have looked for their reward to those who had tasted of their 
cheer. 

Though there was no intention on the part of the churches of the city to 
act in concert, the sum realized from church tables, collections, lectures, &c., 
was no less than $27,000. Of this the Methodists gave $10,000 and the 
Universalists $8,000. The Tabernacle Church table yielded over $000. 

The Committee on Dry Goods collected $130,000 in money and $7,000 in 
goods ; the Finance Committee $64,000 in money alone, as the gentlemen to 
whom they applied dealt in no other commodity. 

The Committee on the Drama returned $14,000, and considerably more 
than half this was due to the efforts of amateurs, who enacted private theatri- 
cals upon the cosey stage of Mr. Jerome, and sang Cinderella upon the more 
public boards of Mr. Niblo. Even gymnasts and horses contributed to this 
fund ; so, too, did certain participators in a billiard tournament, who allowed 
the committee to pocket the proceeds, while they did as much for the balls. 

The Committee on Music suffered their accounts to be so merged in those 
of the Union Square Department that it is impossible, at this day, to distin- 
guish between the two, and to say what was due to harmony and what to 
union. They sold pianos, steel bells, and harps; collected certain moneys 
from minstrels and delineators of Ethiopian eccentricity, and gave eight con- 
certs in houses, mansions, and palaces. The programme of one of these may 
be seen xipon the opposite page. While upon the subject of sanitary music, 
it is proper to mention the name of ]\Ir. Gottschalk, who founded and endowed 
the Soldiers' Aid Society of Saratoga Springs, and who, by promising his as- 
sistance to one of the givers of the above-mentioned concerts, enabled him to 
more than double his prices ; and that of Antonio Barili, who superintended 



NEW JERSEY IN NEW YORK. 



226 



nearly a dozen amateur entertainments, given in various places in behalf of 
the commission. 

Tlie Ticket Department acknowledged some $180,000. This included not 
only the entrance money to the fliir, but the supplementary tolls levied at cer- 
tain otherwise unyielding doors — at the Art Gallery, the Arms and Trophies, 
the Curiosity Shop, the Cattle Show. No one regretted the payment of addi- 
tional dues at this last establishment. Here was the Pride of Livingston 
County, much putfed up, as was natural ; here was Lady Woodruff, the pride 
of each successive owner ; here were other four-footed contributors to a cause 
which even quadrupeds would have ajiproved, had they not been personal!}' 
such heavy losers by it. 

The Committee on Foreign Contributions extended their claims over the 
habitable globe. From sympathizing Switzerland, from benevolent Italians, 




EprsiiDK i>f optics: o.sr.y tkn cents. 



from well-wishers in St. Petersburgh, from Americans abroad, carnc remit- 
tances doubly welcome from the form they took — -gold or its equivalent. The 
Roman Department, stocked in good jsart by the efforts and from the purse 
of Miss Charlotte Cushman, was an attractive feature. The New Jersey 
Committee, putting up the most elaborate booths in the armory, and offering 
an appropriate and delicate homage to the memory of Washington Irving, 
poured into the treasury the munificent sum of $40,000, in round numbers. 

What can be said, in the line or two that our fast diminishing space 
leaves us, of that charming retreat, that genial resort, the Knickerbocker 
Kitchen? Nothing worthily; we merely state, in an informal way, that while 
many lamented they had not lived in days that were honored by modes and 
manners so delightful, by a hospitality so cordial, by a cuisine so satisfying. 



15 



226 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



all rejoiced that they had been spared to witness their revival, even upon 
the mimic scene. The man that eat the proffered olykooke felt as if the 
knightly sword had tapped him on the shoulder, and he rose an original 
Knickerbocker. 

What can be said of the ingenuity of the devices, some original, some 
borrowed, by which dimes were made dollars and dollars bank-accounts? 
Of the patient labor that had been so freely given, as in the case of Miss 
North's collection of autographs, the result of six months' assiduous work? Oi' 
the devotion of the thirsty, who drank two thousand dollars' worth of lemon- 
ade and soda ? Of the thrift of the management, of the harmonious counsels 
that brought the majestic enterprise so happily through, of the fatal zeal of 
those who literally fell a sacrifice to the cause, and who died in the harness? 
Nothing, except that the Metropolitan Fair, while it will be to all a precious 
memor}^ a souvenir of something pleasant to recall and dwell upon, will be to 
many the symbol of a duty performed, to more the record of an approving 
conscience, and to two or three, a monument. 

The following financial tables of the New York Fair, though official in 
their fixcts, are not so in their form. We give the returns of each committee 
by itself, the report published by the treasurer giving the receipts in order of 
date. We do not grudge the space, as deeds speak louder than words, and as 
the figures that occupy it are so much more solid than any figures of speech. 
Under each head are the cash contributions, item by item, of all sums over 
one hundred dollars , the sources of all collective donations ; and the sums 
realized from the sale of goods contributed, iu bulk. 

FINAXCIAL REPORT OF THE METROPOLITAN FAIR. 



COMMITTEE OX AliMS AND TUOPIHES. 




IIorstin.ann Brothers il- AIl'u-ii.. 12-50 00 

Augustus Humbert 2.50 00 

Mrs. General Bnira 105 00 

A. W. Spies 100 00 

W. W. Marston 1 00 00 

Smith & Rand 100 00 

Mrs. Hopkins' entertainment. .. 67 50 

All other sub.scriptions 335 50 

Sale of articles contributed, and 

proceeds of vote u|)on Army 

and Navy Swords 65,792 48 

Total $07,100 48 



THE METROPOLITAN FAIK. 



227 





COMMITTEE ON 


J. B. &. W. W. Cornell.... 


$300 00 


Smith & Williams 


250 00 


East Chester Quarry Conii 


)any, 200 00 


John T. Conover 


150 00 


E. Chamberlin '. 


150 00 


"Wm. R. Stewart 


126 00 


John M. Dodd 


125 00 


Robert Smith 


100 00 


J. S. Peck 


100 00 


Wm. J. Peck 


100 00 




100 00 


Thos. Crane 


100 00 


Wm. N. Beach 


100 00 


J. B. Janes 


100 00 


Jed. Frye 


100 00 




100 00 


Alex. M. Ross 


100 00 


I. & G. Van Xostrand 


100 00 



ARCniTEOTllliE. ^.^ 

A. G. Bogert & Brother 

Baker, Wells & Co 

John Siiitfin 

Jonathan Purdy 

Oscar Purdy 

William C. Miller 

Employees of the Architectural 
Iron Works : 

Finishers 

Foundrymen 

Pattern-Makers 

Machinists 

Laborers 

Blacksmiths 

Carpenters 

Otfice and Drawing liooni. . . 

Other subscriptions 

Sale of articles contributed .... 



$100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 



167 40 
6-1 30 
36 97 
36 49 
51 22 
34 11 
11 99 
40 12 
3,334 00 
3,330 97 



Total $10,108 57 



COMMITTEE OX .\1!T. 

Exliibition of paintings In* An- ExhibitionofpaintingsbyW.il. 

gust Belmont $1,920 18 Aspinwall 

Sale of pictures, albums, &c. . . . 81,748 44 Other receipts 



$257 00 
1,854 60 



Total $85,780 22 

CO.MMITTEE ON BOOKS. 

Thomas Barrow $1,000 00 Other contributions $35 00 

Wm. K. Cornell 1,000 00 Sale of books contributed by 

J. W. A: G. D. Burntun 100 00 sixty firms 10,289 02 



Total $12,424 02 



CO.MMITTKIC ON HOOTS A.N I) SiroES. 




Baldwin, Fisher & Co.. $500 00 
WeUs & Christie 500 00 



llowe.s, Hvatt & Co 


$500 00 


W. A. Ransom & Co . 


500 00 




500 00 


Hall, Southworth & Co 


500 00 


F. & L. B. Reed 


250 00 


Meade it Stowell 


200 00 


W. A. Bigelow 


200 00 


Chas D Bigelow 


100 00 


Jewell & Brothers 


100 00 


J. 0. "Wliik-liouse 


1 00 00 


Mabiu, Maiiley, Murray A: Morgan 


100 00 


llaniia Ricliard & Co. . 


100 00 


Siiiitli Hrowu & Co. 


100 00 


A. & A. G. Trask 


100 00 



228 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



James E. Hedges 

C. S. Parsons & Sons . 

A. Clatiin & Co 

Jaiiies French 



$100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 



Burt & Terhune $100 00 

Other subscriptions HO 00 

Sale of goods contributed 3,148 23 



Total $«-138 23 



OHUECHES AND EEUGI0U8 ASSOCIATIONS. 



Methodist Association, Station 

No. 20 $4,310 47 

Methodist Churclics 3,71*2 114 

Mercer Street Church, Rev. Mr. 

Booth 437 00 

Church corner of Second Avenue 

and 14th Street, N. Y 007 00 

Rev. E. II. Chapin's Church, 

N. Y <),000 20 

Tliird Universalist Church, 

Bleecker Street, N. Y' 617 76 

Si.xth Universalist Church, 20th 

Street, N. Y 9.j9 17 



Other Universalist Churches. . . 

Tabernacle Church table at Met- 
ropolitan Fair . , 

Rev. Mr. Ganse's Chunh 

Baptist Churches 

Episcopal Churches 

Temple Emanuel 

Other Churches 

Collections 

Lecture by Rev. Thos. S. Hast- 
ings 

Lecture by Rev. Urban C. 
Brewer 



$313 50 

917 60 

1,042 29 

1,432 60 

1,848 20 

3,162 18 

91 60 

072 97 

396 50 
140 00 



Total $27,041 98 



CO.M.MITTEE ON CARRIAGES. 

Wilmer S. Wood $1,000 00 Sale of carriages contributed. 

Employees of Brewster & Co. . . . 136 10 



$2,000 00 



Total $3,136 10 



(;OMMITTEE ON CI.OTIIINi; 

Bernheimer Brothers $2,000 00 

D. Devlin & Co 1,000 00 

Brooks Brothei-s 1,000 00 

Smith & Rice 1,000 00 

Jas. Wilde, Jr., & Co 1,000 00 

Longstreet, Bradford it Co." l.OOO 00 

Wm. Selignian it Co 1.000 nO 

J. S. Lowrey & Co 791 71 

Lewis Ernstein & Co 504 00 

Thomas N. Dale & Co 500 00 

Rogers & Raymond 500 00 

Goddard & Brothers 500 Ou 

M. & S. Sternberger 500 00 

J. Strouse, Brother & Co 500 00 

Lewis, Chatterton & Co 500 (lO 

Joseph Lee 500 00 

Trowbridge, Dwight & Co 500 00 

Kirtland, Bronson & Co 500 00 

F. Derby & Co 500 00 

Amos Clark 500 00 

J. S. Young & Co 500 00 

Shafer, Whitford & Co 500 00 

P. C. Barnum & Co 250 00 



AND FUIiNISHINf} GOODS. 

A. & E. Scheitlin 

Mackin & Brothers 

J. & W. Lyall 

E. Tweedy 

Schalle Brothers 

William Van Deventer. . 

Lesher & Whitman 

White, Whitman & Co. . . 
Brown, Powers & Co.. . . 
Draper, Hyde & Sturges. 

Wm. Meyer ife Co 

Conklins & Bayles 

Croney & Lent 

J. Weidenfeld 

J. P. Hull it Co 

V. B. Depierris 

Union Adams 

Aaron Close 

David Close 

James Scott 

John D. Scott & Co 

Weekes & Iligbie 

Young, Rutherford it Co. 



1250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
200 00 
200 00 
200 00 
200 00 
150 00 
150 00 
150 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 

100 00 

100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 



THE METROPOLITAN FAIR 



229 



Conklin, Fenton & Miller |ino 00 

Dunspaugh, Stillwell & Pearsall. 100 00 

Jai'oslawski & Co 100 00 

Geo. A. Davis & Co 100 00 

W. E. Powell & Co 100 00 

G. A. Trowbridge & Co 100 00 

Isaac C. Noe 100 00 

Hindhaugli & Co 100 00 



H. Osterburg $100 00 

Tlios A. Brewer 100 00 

SamiK'l Sykes 100 00 

Clark & ]5ogart 100 00 

E. H. Purely 100 00 

Other subscriptions 2, 15'J 55 

Sale of goods contributed 3,783 08 



Total |2(!.688 34- 



S. B. Guion 

Easton & Co 

C. C. & H.M. Taber.. 

Amy & Heye 

W. K. Strong & Co. . . 
C.J. & F. W. Coggill. 

A. Norrie 

Murray & Davis 

Tellkarnpf & Kitching. 
Munzinger & Pitzipio . . 

Smyth it Lynch 

Geo. W. Beale 

Thomas Scott 

Gordon Norrie 

J. T. Adams & Co. . . . 
Total 



ncE ON COTTON AND RAW GOODS. 
$1,500 00 

1,000 00 
1,000 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

250 00 

250 00 

200 00 

200 00 

200 00 

200 00 

150 00 

1.50 00 

100 00 



Henry Coit $100 00 

S. Munn, Sou & Co 

O. K. King & Co 

E. Coleman 

Oakley & Ccmstantine 

Woodruff' & Co 

N. I). Carlile & Son 

Edward F. Davidson 

Jolm M. Pendleton & Co.. . . 

Strang, Piatt & Co 

Ross, Dempster & Co 

Walter Brown 

W. F. Miller 

Other contributions 



COMMITTEE ON CHINA, GLASS AND EAKTIIEN WARE. 




Lawton & White $250 

John F. Seymour & Co 

J. & G. Meakin 

T. D. Moore & Co 

J. J. Nichols 

Daniel Titus 

Davenport Brothers 

E. & J. Willets & Co 

John C. Jackson , 

Robert Ilaydock 

Dietz & Co 

Other subscriptions 

Sale of goods contributed. . . 

Total $5,3(!8 25 



100 


OO 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


475 


00 


$8,475 


00 


$250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


200 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


510 


00 


3,058 


25 



COMMITTEE ON DUrcS. 



SchiefTelin Brothers & Co $1,000 00 



M. Ward, Close & Co. 
A. B. Sands & Co.... 
Lanman it Kemp . . . . 
Benjamin II. Field . . . 
John McKesson 



500 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 110 
250 00 



.\. N. Lawrence & Co. 
II. &F. W. Meyer.... 

Di.x & Morris 

r)avis, Morris & Co . . . 
F. Cousinery & Co. . . 
Palanca it Escalante. . 



$250 00 
200 00 
150 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 



230 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Dutilh & Co $100 00 

B. W. Bull & Co 100 00 

Fi-aser & Lee 100 00 

Ohas. Pfizer & Co 100 00 



W. Irving Clark & Co $100 00 

Other snbseriptions 54:0 00 

Sale of ai'ticles contributed 1,1562 27 



Total $fi,102 27 



A. T. Stewart 

Hoyt, Sprajjue & Go 

Win. AVatsun 

F. Buttertiekl 

Geo. Bliss & Co 

H. B. Claflin & Co 

Garner & Co 

Lathrop, Ludington &, Co 

Low, Harrinian, Durfee &Co. 

Spaulding, Hunt & Co 

E. S. Jaffray & Co 

Arnold, Constable & Co 

Wilson G. Hunt 

Sullivan, Randidpli ifc Bucbl . . 

L. P. Morton & Co 

Wm. Lottimcr & Co 

Lee, Bliss & Co 

Tefft, Griswold & Kellogg. . . . 
Bowers, Beeckman & Bradford 

Jr 

Sprague, Cooper & Colburn . . 

Halsted, Haines & Co 

Abernetliy & Co 

Slade& Colby 

Turnbull, Slade & Co 

Sutton, Smith <fe Co 

Weaver, Richardson & Co. . . . 

Wicks, Smith & Co 

Kessler & Co 

John J. Phelps 

Campbell, Magee & Co 

Stone, Starr & Co 

Hunt, Tillinghast & Co 

Woodward, Lawrence & Co. . 

Paton ifc Co 

Thomas Slocomb 

Anthony & Hall 

Van Wyck, Townsend & Co. . 

Wilmordings & Mount 

Loeschigk, Wcsendonck & C(j. 

A. Iselin 

Butler, Cecil, Rawson & Co . . 
E. R. Mudge, Sawyer & Co. . . 
James L. Little & Co 



COMMITTEE ON' DKT GOODS. 

$10,000 00 Wm. C. Langley & Co 

5,000 00 Haggerty & Co 

2,500 00 Paton, Stewart & Co 

2,500 00 Jordan, Marsh & Co 

2,500 00 Samuel McLean & Co 

2,500 00 Gardner, Dexter & Co 

2,.500 00 Henry W. T. Mali & Co 

2,000 00 John M. Davies & Co 

2,000 00 Wilnierding, Iloguet & Co 

2,000 00 Geo. Opdyke 

1,500 00 Dale, Brothers & Co 

1,000 00 Dibblee, Work & Moore 

1,000 00 Giraud, Barbey & Co 

1,00(1 00 F. Skinner & Co 

1,000 00 Chas. H. Welling 

1,000 00 G. M. Richmond & Co 

1,000 00 J. C. Howe & Cc 

1,000 00 A. & A. Lawrence & Co 

Jas. F. White & Co 

1,000 no Jas. M. Beebe & Co 

1,000 00 Griffith, Prentiss & McCombs. 

1,000 00 Rice, Chase & Co 

1,000 00 Knower & Piatt 

1,000 00 John & Hugh Auchincloss . . . , 

1.000 00 Cronin, Hnrxthal & Sears 

1,000 00 H. & A. Stursberg & Co 

1,000 00 Stanfield, Wentworth & Co. . . . 

1,000 00 Carpenter, Vail & Fuller 

1,000 00 Bradley & Howe 

1,000 00 Opdyke, Loeschigk & Co 

1,000 00 White & Heath 

1,000 00 Kitchen, Montross & Wilcox . . 

1,000 00 Pardee, Bates & Co 

1,000 00 Faircliild & Fansljaw . 

1.000 00 N. Y. Dyeing & Printing E.stab- 

1,000 00 lishment 

1,000 00 Vyse & Son 

1,000 00 Benkard & Hntton 

1,000 00 Lindsay, Chittick & Co 

1,000 00 Thomas & Co 

1,000 00 A. Person & Ilarrinuin 

1,000 00 Fisher, Donnelly & Co 

1,000 00 R. Fischer, Hachez & Co 

1,000 00 Geo. A. Clark & Brothers 



$1,000 


00 


1 000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


1,000 


00 


750 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 



TilE METROPOLITAN FAIR. 



231 



Clark, AVest & Co $500 00 

Murfey & Harris 500 00 

John Slaile & Co 500 00 

Van \'alkenbiirj;li Bros. &('(>.. 500 00 

Motts, Ilvdo ife Van Duzer 500 00 

S. A. Martino & Co 500 00 

Bailey & Southard 500 00 

Halsted & Stiles 500 00 

Parker, Wilder & Co 500 00 

Garrett, Clark & Co '. 500 00 

Leliniaier Brotlicrs 500 0(1 

Fanlkner, Kitnball & Co 500 00 

Haviland, Lindsley & Co 500 00 

Nortlirup, Taylor & Co 414 00 

Noell & Oelbermann 300 00 

L. & B. Curtis & Co 300 00 

Ilardt & Co 300 00 

Ed. S. Hall it Co 300 00 

Mortimers & DeBo.st 300 on 

Stone, Bliss, Fay & Allen 250 00 

Frederick L. Joanvahrs 250 00 

Reiiner & Mecke 250 00 

David Lamb 250 oo 

Julius Gersiin 250 Oo 

Linder, Kingsley & Co 250 00 

Oscar Delisle 250 00 

Autfmordt, Hesseuberg & Cu. . . 250 00 

Christ, Jay & Co 250 00 

Passavant & Co 250 00 

Whittemore, Dyer & Post 250 00 

Streeter, Faxon & Potter 250 00 

Pastor, Ilardt & Lindgens 250 00 

Wright, BrinkerhotF & Co 250 00 

Eastman, Bigelow & Dayton. . 250 oo 

H. Hennequin & Co 250 oo 

W. L. Pomcroy & Adams 250 00 

S. M. & B. Cohen & Co 250 00 

James M. Deuel 250 on 

Smith & Lawrence 250 00 

Henry Lawrence 250 00 

Wolfers <& Kalischer 250 0(1 

Gawtry ifc Frencau 250 (lO 

Hyde, Coe & McCollum 25o oO 

Crook & Scotts 250 0(J 

C. F. Van Blankcnsteyu 250 00 

Ogden & Blewett 250 00 

John Eraser &; Co 250 Od 

Thos. Drew & Co 250 00 

Forstmann & Co 250 oo 

Charles N. Fearing 250 oo 

Charles G. Landon 250 on 



Wm. To])i)iiig 

Ed. T. Snelling 

George W. Powers 

Robt. Slimmon it Co 

Bulkley & Co 

John Rett 

Henry Marx 

Waterbury, Shaw & Co 

T. Putnam & Co 

Cunningham, Frost & Tlirock- 

mortons 

Escher & Co 

E. B. Strange & Bro 

Warner & Loop 

C. F. Dambmann & Co 

Rudderow, Jones & Co 

S. M. Waller & Co 

Sorchan, Allien & Diggelmanii. 

Aniinidown, Lane & Co 

John Sykes, Jr 

F. Vietor & Achelis 

C. F. Schmicdei- & Co 

Almy, Patterson & Co 

Harms & Wiechmann 

(t. A. Schniewind 

Ed. Harris 

M. Maas 

Carhart, Bacon it Greene 

AVerner & Forester 

Samuel Ilanna 

Globe Woolen Co., by W. AV. 

Coffin, Treas 

D. H. & M. Arnold 

Shaw & Coffin 

I,i|Jl)man & Neuberger 

J. Hess & Co 

Munsell & Co 

H. Schulting 

Tliomas J. Davis 

E. Warburg & Co 

Jas. Smeiton 

Wm. F. Oakey 

C. Marie it Co 

Wolbort, Gordon it Co 

Schmieder Bros 

Booth & Tuttle 

A. Baldwin & Co 

Maltby, Eastwood. Brewster & 

Co 

Uiunsey & McCaffray 

Hinck it Pupke 



^250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


150 


00 


150 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 



232 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



n. W. Stela- & Go 

W. F. Griunell 

Charles Ileussner 

Louis Lehmaiei- & Co. 
Geo. Urulerhill & Co.. 
Ottenhciiiiei' Brothers. 

D. Douglas & Co 

L. A. Freund & Co. . . 

Asiel & Erdmann 

Geo. W. Knowlton. . . . 

Francis Baker 

John B. Hall 

C. -J. Howell 

S. H. Pearce&Co.... 

Oscar Prolss & Co 

A. North & Co 

Braun, Ellon & Co.. . . 
Burji;ess & Seaver .... 



Peter Donald 

Henry Schmieder . . 
Field, Morris & Co. 



$100 00 Mills it Ray 

100 00 E. &. W. Cook & Co 

100 00 Diraock & Moore 

100 00 S. F. Barry 

100 00 n. Appold 

100 00 De Bost & Brothers 

100 00 Bronson Peck 

100 00 Curtis & Co 

100 00 Terry & Doolittle 

100 00 Guiterman Brothers 

100 00 Rockwell & Scott 

100 00 A. 0. Lanison 

100 00 H. Herrman & Co 

100 00 S. & n. Brown 

100 00 Graham & Aitkin 

100 00 E. H. Van Ingen 

100 00 D. Valentine 

100 00 McCune, Scott & Cooper. 

100 00 E. S. Felt 

100 00 Other suhscriptions 

100 00 Sale of goods contributed 
100 00 



SI 00 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

,2.58 02 

■ fiOO 98 



Total |137,(;23 00 



CO.MMLTTEE 0.\ FAXCT GOODS. 



Scoville Manufacturing Company 

Hughes & Crehange 

Rosenfeld, Brothers & Co 

Chapman, Noyes & Lyon 

A. W. Welton & Porters 

.1. M. & J. N. Plumb 

Caron it Co 

Townsend it Yale _. 

Dowd, Baker, WhitHeld & Co. . . 

Robbins, Calhoun & Co 

Jones, Brooks >t Co., of Melliam. 

England 

James Douglas 

AVilliston, Knight it Co 

Charles Muller 

Fowler it Chapin 

Taylor, Richards it Co 

J. & A. Bluraenthal 

C. E. Borsdorff 

Billings, Roop it Co 

Waterbury Hook and Eye Co . . 

Julius Hart 

Peter Murray 

J. Rosenthal & Brother 

Winzer & Tailer 

Heinemann it Silberraann 



SI. 000 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


500 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 



Wallace & Fitch $100 00 



Julius PL Pratt 

James Morrison it Co 

Bachmann & Laurent 

Alexander & Eisig 

R. H. Hinsdale..! 

N. Hillyer 

E. Bredt 

Schack it Hotop 

Arms it Bardwell 

C. C. North 

J. A. ILimphrey it Brother. . 

Meeker & Maidhof 

Keller & Lingg 

Amson, Herrmann it Co 

Neilley & Glassford 

Lorenz, Crofts <t Co 

Unkart it Co 

Holzinger & Bruckheimer . . . 

Taft, Burgess & Co 

Howell, Foster it Wilson . . . . 

Solmson. Meyer & Co 

Pratt, Reade & Co 

Garelly it Geer 

E. F. Kortum 

Thaddens Davids & Co 



100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 



THE METROPOLITAN FAIR. 



233 



U. J. Lawrence and II. Faile ... . $10000 Sales of goods contribvitcil $2,7;!5 10 

Other subscriptions 3,459 82 

Total $1(1,794: 92 



COMMITTEE ON FINANCE. 




Jolin Warren & Son $2.50 00 



W. r>. Astor 

Lock wood & Co 

George S. Robbins & Son . 
Duncan, Sherman & Co. . . 
Babcock, Brothers & Co. . 

Williams & Guion 

Johnson & Lazarus 

August Belmont 

Van Scliaick & Massett. . . 

Cammann & Co 

Vermilye & Co 

William & John O'Brien. . 

David Groesbeck 

H. T. Morgan 

Morse & Co 

Fearing & Dalton 

Hallgarten & Ilerzfeld.. . . 

Edmund H. Miller 

risk & Hatch 

Henry A. Stone 

Drexel, Winthrop & Co. . . 

Howell L. Williams 

W. R. Travers 

Weston, De Billier & Co. . 

Geo. C. Ward 

0. D. Ashley 

Almon W. Griswold 

Ballin & Sander 

Thomas Denny & Co 

R. L. Cutting & Co 



!;2,ooo 00 

1,.500 00 
1.000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
400 00 
300 00 
300 00 
300 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 



Ward & Co 

Stimson, Fronk & Co. . . . 

Wm. 0. Churchill 

Win. 11. Marston 

Geo. S. Rainsford 

Quigley Brothers 

John Alstyne 

James M. Drake & Co.. . 

T. Ketcham & Co 

Oddie, St. George & Co.. 

Fitzliugh & Jenkins 

Boonen Graves & Co. .. . 

David Dudley Field 

David Crawford, Jr 

Martin & Smith 

Percy R. Pyne 

Wm. H. Scott 

Warren Ferris 

A. M. Ferris 

Edward B. Ketchuni . . . . 

C. J. Cambreleng 

William Seymour, Jr. . . . 
Garesche, Minton & Co.. 

Geo. A. Osgood 

W. B. Gierke 

Geo. Manley & Co 

L. T. Hoyt 

S. B. James 

N. G. Bradford 

J. F. D. Lanier 

Prime & Co 

R. Schell 

H. M. Benedict 

A. G. Wood 

O'Brien Brothers 

P. M. Myers & Co 

G. T. Bonner & Co 

J. N. Perkins & Co 

II. Meigs,Jr 

John Bloodgood 



250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
200 00 
200 00 
150 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
lUO 00 
100 00 
100 00 



Bititl'ii. 

Metropolitan Bank $2,000 00 

Bank of New York 1,500 00 

Bank of America 1.500 00 



234 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Merchants' Bank $1,500 00 

Bank of the Republic 1,000 00 

Manhattan Bank 1,000 00 

Bank of the State of New York 1,000 00 

Plioenix Bank 1,000 00 

Mechanics' Bank 1,000 00 

Continental Bank 1,000 00 

Park Bank 1,000 00 

Broadway Bank 1,000 00 

Corn Exchange Bank 1,000 00 

Union Bank 750 00 

Mercantile Bank 750 00 

National Bank 750 00 

Importers & Traders' Bank 750 00 

Shoe &L Leather Bank 750 00 

Chemical Bank 500 00 

Commonwealth Bank 500 00 

Bank of North America 500 00 

Pacific Bank 500 00 

Tradesmen's Bank 500 00 

Butchers & Drovers' Bank ... 500 00 

First National Bank 300 00 

British <& American Exchange 

Banking Corporation 250 00 

Mercantile & Exchange Bank . . 250 00 

Greenwich Bank 250 00 

New York Exchange Bank 250 00 

Merchants' Exchange Bank. .. . 250 00 

Ocean Bank 250 00 

Nassau Bank 250 00 

Hanover Bank 250 00 

Chatham Bank 250 00 

Market Bank 250 00 

Manufacturers & Merchants" 

Bank 250 00 

Marine Bank 250 00 

Mechanics' Banking Association 250 00 

Second National Bank 200 00 

People's Bank 200 00 

Citizens' Bank 200 00 

Mechanics' & Traders' Bank . . . 200 00 

North River Bank 200 00 

Irving Bank 200 00 

Seventh Ward Bank 200 00 

Atlantic Bank 150 00 

Oriental Bank 1 50 00 

New Y'ork County Bank 125 00 

Bull's Head Bank 125 00 

Insurance Companies. 

Home Insurance Co $700 00 

Lorillard Insurance Co 500 00 



Continental Insurance Co $500 00 

North American Insurance Co.. 500 00 

Corn Exchange Insurance Co.. . 400 00 

Metropolitan Insurance Co 300 00 

Knickerbocker Fire Ins. Co. . . . 300 00 

Citizens' Fire Insurance Co 300 00 

Manhattan Fire Insurance Co. . . 250 00 

United States Fire Ins. Co 250 00 

Park Fire Insurance Co 250 00 

City Fire Insurance Co 250 00 

American Fire Insurance Co. . . . 250 00 

Howard Fire Insurance Co 250 00 

Arctic Fire Insurance Co 250 00 

Royal Fire Insurance Co 250 00 

Commonwealth Fire Ins. Co... . 250 00 

Etna (Hartford) Fire Ins. Co. . . 250 00 
Liverpool & London Fire & 

Life Insurance Co 250 00 

Hope Insurance Co 200 00 

Columbia Insurance Co 200 00 

Germania Insurance Co 200 00 

Howard Insurance Co 200 00 

Mercantile Insurance Co 200 00 

New Y'ork Fire & Marine Insu- 
rance Co 200 00 

Niagara Fire Insurance Co 200 00 

Market Fire Insurance Co 200 00 

Equitable Fire Insurance Co 200 00 

Commercial Fire Insurance Co. 200 00 

New World Fire Insurance Co. 200 00 

Empire City Fire Insurance Co. 200 00 

Relief Insurance Co 200 00 

Fulton Insurance Co 200 00 

Atlantic Insurance Co 150 00 

St. Nicholas Insurance Co 150 00 

Astor Insurance Co 150 00 

People's Insurance Co 150 00 

Lenox Insurance Co 150 00 

Indemnity Fire Insurance Co. . . 150 00 

Harmony Fire Insurance Co 150 00 

Firemen's Fund Insurance Co. . . 150 00 

Brevoort Insurance Co 150 00 

New Amsterdam Insurance Co. 150 00 

Gallatin Insurance Co 150 00 

Central Park Insurance Co 150 00 

.Jefferson Insurance Co 100 00 

Northwestern Insurance Co.. . . 100 00 

Tradesmen's Insurance Co 100 00 

Y'onkers & New York Ins. Co.. 100 00 

Other subscriptions 140 Oo 

Total $63,840 00 



TUE METROPOLITAN FAIR. 



235 



COM.MlTTEH ON HIDES AND I.EATHEK. 




Israel Corse |!500 00 

Loring Andrews 

Thorne, Watson & Butraan . . . 

Thomas Sinull 

Hoyt Brothers 

Young, Schultz & Co 

Ambrose K. El}' 



500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 



J. E. Bulkley 

W. B. Ishmu & Gallup. . 

11. J, Brooks & Co 

S. & C. II. Isham 

Mahlon Mattison 

Geo. Paleu & Co 

Van Wagenen & Tattle. 

Smith Ely, Jr 

J. B. Mattison 

Elijah T. Brown 

Barnes & Merritt 

Fawcett & Benedict. . . . 

Stout & Tuttle 

W. Creighton Lee 

Thomas W. Pearsall, Jr. 

n. Stout & Son 

Uans Rees 

F. M. Maas & Co 

S. Mendelson 

George Brooks 

Other subscriptions .... 



$'250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


150 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


ion 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


420 


00 



Total 



770 00 



COMMITTEE O-V HATS, C.VI'S AND FURS. 



Eli White & Sons 


. . . $1,000 


00 
00 
00 
00 

00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
on 
on 

00 
00 


L. J. & I. Phillips 

W. Moser 

Nichols, Burtnett & Co 

J. C. Lord & Brother 


$177 50 


0. Gunther & Sons 


1,000 


100 00 


M. Bates, Jr., & Co 


500 


100 00 


Shetliar & Nichols 


500 
500 
500 
500 
300 


100 00 


Draper, Clark & Co 

Murphy & Griswold 

Edward J. King 


J. I). Phillips &Co 

Osborne &. May 

Duryee & Jaques 

D. S. Williams 


100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 


J. M. Oppenheim & Co 


300 
300 


Pierre Chouteau 


100 00 


Boydcn, Ditmars & Co 


100 00 


H. A. Hurlbut. 


250 
250 
250 
250 
250 


M. B. Fielding & Co 


100 00 


E. Kaupe & Cummings 

Thompson, White & Co 

John H. Swift 

J W Lester & Co 


McCabe, Clark & Co 

Other subscriptions 

Sale of goods contributed . . 


100 00 

. . 1,015 00 

. 1,987 85 


Total 




. . $10,930 35 



COMMITTEE ox .lEWELRV, &C. 

A.Morton $1,000 00 Jo.seph Rudd & Co $100 00 

Randel & Baremore 300 00 Middleton & Pooler 100 00 

W. D. Maxwell 250 00 Other subscriptions f)44 00 

G. & S. Owen & Co 100 00 Sales of articles contributed 17,300 50 

8. W. Chamberlain 100 00 

Total $19,ii00 50 



236 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



J. B. & W. W. Cornell & Co. . 
Holmes, Booth & llaydens . . 

Hermann Boker & Co 

U. A. Mnrdock 

Dehon, Clark & Bridges 

Wetmore & Co 

J. & L. Tuckermaii 

J. H. Abeel & Co 

Egleston, Battel! & Co 

Russell & Irwin Manfg. Co. . . 

Chas. Bliven 

Sargent & Co 

Walsh, Coulter & Co 

Phelps, Dodge & Co 

Fuller, Lord & Co 

L. P. Hawes 

Hull Clark 

W. W. Goddard 

R. Smith Clark 

C. Vandervoort 

Dickinson, Reed & Co 

John V. Beam, Jr 

August W. Payne 

Wm. Jessop & Sons 

Smith & liegeman 

T. B. Coddington & Co 

W. Oothout 

Pierson & Co 

P. Cooper 

Bruce & Cook 



COMMITTEE ON HAEDWAEE. 

. $1,000 00 A. A. Thomson & Co $200 00 

500 00 J.D.Locke 200 00 

.500 00 E. Sherman 200 00 

500 00 Goodwin & Cort 200 00 

500 00 W. & S. Butcher 200 00 

500 00 John W. Quincy 200 00 

500 00 A. S. Hewitt 150 00 

500 00 Coffin, Lee & Co 150 00 

500 00 C. E. Griswold & Co 150 00 

500 00 Elisha Mills 100 00 

500 00 T. Otis Le Roy & Co 100 00 

500 00 R. W. Booth 100 00 

500 00 J. C. Ilobson 100 00 

500 00 W. N. Seymour ct Co 100 00 

500 00 New York Lead Company 100 00 

450 00 Kendall & Warner 100 00 

300 00 W. Bailey Lang & Co 100 00 

300 00 Borden & Lovell 100 00 

250 00 Pettee, Wilson & Co 100 00 

250 00 Bradley & Smith 1 00 00 

250 00 Wilson, Hawksworth, Ellison 

250 00 & Co 100 00 

250 00 Lalance & Grosjean 100 00 

250 00 N. E. James 100 00 

250 00 Geo. W. Robins 100 00 

250 00 John B. Peck 100 00 

250 00 John E. Byrne 100 00 

250 00 Ingoldsby, Halsted & Co 100 00 

250 00 Other subscriptions 1,455 00 

200 00 Sales of goods contributed 6,483 88 



Tot.al $23,388 




COMMITTEE ON MILLINERY. 



Andrews, Giles, Sanford & Co $500 00 



Martin it Lawson 

B. F. Beekman 

Forman, Tibhals & Hubbard . 

Charles Mills 

John Rogers 

C. T. Aldrioh 

Phimmer & Michel 

Marshall, Johnson & Co 

Washington & Smith 

Lawson Brothers & Day. . . . 

Terry & Patterson 

Other subscriptions. 



500 00 

300 00 

250 00 

250 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

480 00 

Sales of goods contributed 1,225 80 



Total $4,205 80 



THE METROPOLITAN FAIR. 



237 



COMMITTEE ON GROCERS. 



Sturges, Bennet & Co. 

John 0. Green 

Howland & Aspinwall 

Grinncll, iliiiturn & Co 

"Weston & Gray 

E. D. Morgan & Co 

N. L. & G. Griswold 

Moses Taylor & Co 

D. & A. Kingsland, Sutton & Co. 

Francis Skiddy 

Shepp.ard Gandy 

John Caswell 

New York Steam Sugar Ref. Co. 

W. H. Fogg 

J. C. Dayton 

Park & Seaman 

PenfoUl it Schuyler 

C. P. Fisher & Co 

Skeel & Reynolds 

C. Burkhalter & Co 

Benj. B. Sherman 

Oelrichs & Co 

Aymar & Co 

Heinemann & Payson 

Sturges & Co 

Wni. Moller 

Babcock & Co 

J. K. & E. B. Place 

Ezra Wlieeler & Co 

Garbutt, Black & Hendricks . . . 

Carter & Ilawley 

Watts, Crane & Co 

Dallett & Bliss 

J. W. Schmidt & Co 

Owen & Carnegie 

Ponvert & Co 

Kirkland & Von Sachs 

Burger, Hurlbut & Livingston . . 

Kent & Co 

Poirier & Co 

J.J.Crane 

Henry Yelverton 

P. V.King & Co 

.John R. Bacon 

Chandler Bobbins 

Sackett, Belcher & Co 

Total 



$2,500 00 

2,500 00 

1,500 00 

1,500 00 

1,500 00 

1,500 00 

1,500 00 

1,500 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

1,000 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

500 00 

250 00 

250 00 

250 00 

250 00 

250 00 

250 00 

250 00 

250 00 

250 00 



Bass & Clark 

Youngs & Co 

Geo. G. Hobson 

Wm. T. Frost 

Geo. A. Fellows 

Joseph Foulke's Sons 

J. V. Onativia & Co 

Bentley & Burton 

S. S. Wyckoff&Co 

Jas. Hunter & Co 

Arcularius, Bonnett & Co. . . . 

Gill, Gillets & Noyes 

Ross W. Wood & Son 

Cotheal & Co 

Camp, Brunsen & Slierry. . . . 

Isaac Bell 

S. W. Lewis 

Z. S. Ely & Co 

David Olyphant 

Gross & March 

Luis Barjau 

Denton Smith & Co 

D. C. Ripley & Co 

Dorrelle & Co 

Burgess, Ockershausen & Co. 

Burdett & Everit 

McAndrew & Wann 

F. T. Montell & Bartow 

L. M. Hoffman's Son & Co. . . 

Beebe & Brotlier 

Pupke, Thurbur & Co 

Bodinc & Co 

Dater, Clark & Co 

James Olwell & Co 

ILK. Bull 

Gibson, Early & Co 

Todd & Co 

Theodore W. Todd 

Wm. Vernon, Jr 

Geo. W. Elder 

John Wheelwright 

Morewood & Co 

Fausto Mora 

Other contributions 

Sale of goods contributed .... 



$250 00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


2.50 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


2.50 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


1,193 


00 


7,168 43 


$51,211 


43 



Gary & Co. 



COMMITTEE ON SniPS AND SniPPINO. 

$1,250 00 Charles H. Marshall. 



$1,000 00 



238 



THE TIIIBUTE BOOK. 



Spofforil & Tilestou $1 

M. O. Roberts 1 

Fabbi'i & Chauncey 1 

Alsop & Chauncey 1 

Win. II. Webb 

" " Workmen 



H. T. Livingston 

Harbeck & Co 

N. L. McCready 

W. A. Fi-eeborn & Co 

John D. Jones 

Samuel L. Mitcliell 

William Wall's Sons 

M. K. Wilson 

Wm. Whitlock, Jr 

De Groot & Peek 

P. N. SpofFoi-d 

E. S. Hidden 

W. S. Whitlock 

Smith ife Dinion 

Daniel I). Westervelt 

John Englis & Son 

C. & R. Poillon 

Roosevelt, Joyce & Co. ... 

Aug. Whitlock & Co 

Ed. Mott Robinson 

Wm. K. Ilininan 

J. T. Graham's collections , 

John G. Gunther 

R. W. Cameron, boat 

F. G. Ogden , 

Total 



000 00 Samuel Sneden, agent 

,000 00 John Christie 

,000 00 Thomas Stack 

,000 00 J. B. & J. D. Van Duzen 

500 00 Ariel Patterson 

534 10 John A. McGaw 

514 00 C. Comstock & Co 

500 00 W. II. Webb, oakum 

500 00 J. T. B. Maxwell 

500 00 J. B. Webb 

500 00 Wm. Menzies 

500 00 R. P. Logan 

500 00 J. D. Brewster 

395 00 Hicks & Bell 

330 00 Daniel Barnes, Jr 

250 00 F. Church 

250 00 John S. Tappan 

250 00 Daniel Drake Smith 

243 10 Randolph M. Cooley 

201 24 Sutton & Co 

200 00 Nathaniel M. Terry 

200 00 Lewis Raymond 

200 00 Henry Steers 

200 00 Jas. R. Taylor 

200 00 Ezra Bucknam 

200 00 T. F. Rowland 

200 00 Capt. Wm. Edwards 

200 00 Other subscriptions, a large por- 

182 00 tion from workmen in ship- 

105 00 yards 

150 00 Sale of articles contributed 

130 00 



$100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 



2,318 78 
214 50 



$20,177 72 



COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 




R. P. Parrott $100 00 

S. B. Althause 

Moses Cummings 

Michael Grosz 

Benjamin N. Huntington, Rome, 

N. Y 

Ogden & Co 

W. IL Gedney 

Other subscriptions 

Sale of articles contributed 

Total $5,580 62 



100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


98 


00 


4,882 


02 



Hotels. 
Fifth Avenue Hotel 



RESTAURANT DEPARTMENT. 

St. Nicholas Hotel $1,000 00 

. $1,000 00 Everett and Clarendon Hotels . . 500 00 



THE METROPOLITAN FAIR. 



239 



Metropolitan Hotel. 
Albemarle Hotel. . . 

Maisoii Dort'e 

St. Denis Hotel 

Brevoort House . . . 
St. James Hotel . . . 



Proviision Dealers. 
Halstead, Chamberlain & Co.. . 

Cape & Floyd 

Hay ward & Sager 

W. & A. Stevens 

John M. Smith's Son 

A. & E. Bobbins 

Cobb & Earle 

Knapp & Co 



$300 00 


200 


00 


175 


00 


150 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


300 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


150 


00 


100 


00 



spring it Jamison $100 00 

Samuel Clai-k & Son lOO 00 

F. Link & Brother 100 00 

Patterson & Co 100 00 

C. H. Meday 100 00 

Pray & Squire 100 00 

A. & J. M. Moses 100 00 

F. Beclistein & Brother 100 GO 

Cape, Culver & Co 100 00 

Fink & Henoken 100 00 

G. V. Bartlett 100 00 

Wm. Barker & Co 100 00 

Other snbscriptions 7,182 56 

Sale of .articles contribnted 2,676 60 

Don.ations from the bakers 1,439 00 



Total 



COMMITTEE ON PI'BI.IO CONVEYANCES. 




Hudson River R. R. Co 

New York & New Haven R. R. 

Company 

Delaware & Hudson Canal Co. . 
Employees of the Central Park, 

North & East River Railroad 

Company 

Greenpoint Ferry Co., one day's 

receipts 

Telegraph Line of Stages 

Troy Steamboat Co 

Albany Line of Steamers 

Employees of Knickerbocker 

Stage Co 



$17,573 16 


$5,000 00 


2,000 00 


500 00 



290 00 

218 30 
126 60 
120 00 
104 00 

26 00 



Total $8,384 80 



Elias Howe, Jr $500 00 

Employees, sixth floor of Singer's 

Sewing Machine Factory 24 75 



COMMITTEE ON SEWING MACHINES. 

Rale of articles contributed. 



$2,778 87 



Total . . 



, . $3,303 62 



COMMITTEE ON WINES AND LIQUORS. 



Joseph Beecher <& Co 


250 00 
250 00 


Giro & Francia . . 


100 00 


P. Balen & Co 


100 00 


Smith & Brothers 


250 00 


Gomez, Wallace & Co 


100 00 


Samuel Milbank 

Matthew P. Reed. 


250 00 
250 00 
200 00 


L. E. Amsinck & Co 

John Devlin 


100 00 
100 00 


Beadleston & Price 


Galwey, Casado & Teller 

W. C. Vard & Co 


100 00 


James Robinson & Co 


100 00 


KKI 00 



\ 



240 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Wm. Eagle 

P. Balhuitiue & Sons 

Van Schaick, Edwards i& Co.. 

Robert E. Kelly & Co 

F. Berthoud & Co 

J. Beveridge & Co 

Total 



$100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

50 00 

50 00 



David Stevenson 

Koehler Brothers. . . . 
W. Edgar Bird & Co. 
Geo. E. Doualass . . . . 



$50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

Sale of articles contributed 14,-300 06 



§17,850 U() 



COMMITTEE ON GAS, 

Delaware & Hudson Canal Co.. $2,500 00 
Delaware, Lackawanna & West- 
ern R. R 2,500 00 

Pennsylvania Coal Co 2,500 00 



Quintard & Ward 

Ohas. A. Ileckscher & Co. 
Louis Audenreid & Co. . . . 
Noble, Caldwell & Co. . . . 

F. F. Randolph 

Samuel Bennett, Jr 

A. Pardee & Co 



500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 



COAL AND FLAGS. 

E. A. Packer & Co $250 00 

Wm. L. Skidmore 200 00 

Joseph R. Skidmore 200 00 

A. T. Stout & Co 200 00 

nammett,VanDusen&Lochman 200 00 

Jeremiah Skidmore 100 00 

Allan Campbell 100 00 

Samuel Castner 100 00 

Other contributions 855 00 

Sale of cargo of coal from George 

Elliott, of London 1.3,513 50 



Total $26,718 50 



COMMITTEE ON MAOnlNERY. 




New York & Havre S. S. Co... 


$1,000 00 


Morgan Iron Works 


600 00 


Noveltv Iron Works 


600 00 


" " " workmen. 


560 76 


C. II. Delaraater 


540 80 


" " workmen .... 


540 80 


Allaire Works 


500 00 


" " workmen 


531 00 


Manhattan Gas Co., workmen. 




14th Street 


400 00 


J. H. Gautier & Co 


400 00 



Manhattan Gas Co., workmen, 

18th Street 

John Roach & Son 

Tugnot, Dalley & Co 

James Murphy & Co 

Fletcher, Harrison <& Co 

" " workmen. 
Herring & Floyd 

" " workmen . . . 

N. Y. & Virginia S. S. Co 

Samuel Secor & Co 

'• " " workmen.. 

James L. Jackson &, Brother. . . 

'• " " workmen 

Employees of Stratton & Foote. 

J. & R. J. Gray 

Cobanks & Theall 

" " workmen. . 

Samuel C. Hills 

N. Y. Gaslight Co., workmen . . 
W. & H. B. Dougherty 

" " workmen 

Other subscriptions 

Sale of machinery contributed. . 



$333 


85 


300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


50 


25 


250 


00 


24 50 


250 


00 


200 


00 


88 


95 


117 59 


122 


83 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


36 


50 


100 


00 


136 


00 


100 


00 


20 


12 


1,077 


30 


9,687 


82 



Total $19,769 07 



CO.MMITTEE ON OUT OF TOWN SUBSOEIPTIONS. 

Citizens of Ticonderoga, N. Y.. 150 00 Wm. Roe, Newburgli, N. Y.. 



$100 00 



TUE METROPOLITAN FAIR. 



241 



Citizens of Rye ami Harrison, 

N. Y $2,591 fi2 

G. A. Elliott, Newburgh. N. Y . . 50 00 



J. L. Rogers, Xcwburgli, N. Y. . 
Binghamiiton Loyal League .... 
Other subscriptions 



$50 


00 


42 


25 


97 


25 



Total $;i,081 12 



CO.MMITTEE ON I'APEU AND STATIONKKY. 



Campbell, Hall & Co $500 00 

Journeymen printers and a\)- 

prentices, through the N. Y. 

Typographical Society 3C6 20 

White, Sheffield & Co 300 00 

Fredk. Bredt 100 00 

Manchester Paper Company. .. 100 00 

John Priestley 100 00 

Total 



Lindenmeyr & Brother $100 00 

Leroy A. Fairchild 100 Oo 

Ayres & Ames 100 00 

Vernon Brothers & Co 100 00 

Bulkley Brothers & Co 100 00 

Other subscriptions, and sale of 

goods contributed 5,0S1 l(i 



$7,047 80 




SCENE IN THE METUOPOT.ITAN F.VIE. 



COMMITTEE ON PRODUCE AND COKN EXCnANOE. 





$500 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 




$250 00 


Baker & Brother 


F. H. Abbot & Co 


200 00 


McCombie & Child 


Jesse Hoyt & Co 


1 90 oa 


P. H. Holt 

P. I. Nevius & Sons 


J. West 

A. M. Hoyt 

W. E. Barnes 


100 00 

100 00 


Holt & Co 


100 00 


S. C. Paxson's Son & Co 




100 00 




Baldwin N. Fox 


100 00 


Charles T. Goodwin 


Jacob H. Herrick 


100 00 


IG 





242 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



W. S. caiman $100 00 Robert C. Scott $100 00 



J. M. Eequa 

Sage& Co 

Rowland it Banks. 
E. W. Coleman.... 
Wylie & Knevals. . 
E. O. Bi-inckerlioff. 



100 00 II. W. Smith 

100 00 Joseph Allen & Co 

100 00 New York Association of Inspec- 

100 00 tors 

100 00 Daniel Cromwell 

100 00 Other subscriptions 



100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


810 


00 



Total $.3,750 00 



COM.VIITTEE ON OIL, 



J. 0. Wetmore 


500 00 


R. G. Mitchell & Co 


250 00 


Brewer, Watson & Co 


250 00 


Manhattan Oil Company 


250 00 




200 00 


Malcolm C. Greene 


100 00 


T. & G. Rowe 


100 00 


Wm. II. Murphy 


100 00 


Raynolds, Pratt & Co 


100 00 


Barrows, Ilaselton & Co 


100 00 


James Prver & Co 


100 00 



SO.\P, AND CANDLES. 

r. R. &. W. C. Fowler. 

L. Ludovici 

A. M. Knight & Co.... 

Christopher Tyler 

Van Tassel & Archer. . 

Popliani & Ilastun 

Geo. W. Todd 

Edward Elsworth 

Cartwright & Harrison. 

James Boyd 

Other subscriptions. . . 



$100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
. . 100 00 

100 00 
383 TO 
Sale of goods contributed 4,702 2fi 



Total . 



i,G35 <J(5 



J. W. Wallack, proceeds of a 

benefit 

A. W. Jackson, proceeds of a 

benefit 

Mrs. John Wood, proceeds of a 

benefit 

P. T. Barnum, proceeds of a 

benefit 

Phelan & Collender, Billiard 

Tournament 

Matinee at Niblo's, "Cinderella" 2,705 50 



321 00 



COM.MITTEE ON THE DKAMA. 

Private theatricals at the theatre 

of L. W. Jerome $6,157 85 

G. L. Fo.x, proceeds of a benefit, 350 00 

James Lingard, " " 

Wm. Wheatley and Edwin Booth, 
proceeds of a benefit .... 

Mrs. E. Cunard 

One tenth of receipts of the Hip- 
potheatron for three weeks . 

Howe's Circus 

Other receipts 



$004 25 
006 50 
627 50 
296 95 
211 00 



940 


50 


500 


00 


136 


37 


22 


30 


171 


85 



Total $13,951 57 



COMMITTEE ON PKIVATE CONTRIBUTIONS. 



James Lenox $5,000 00 

Morris Ketchum 5,000 00 

Collection by Mrs. Uriah Hen- 
dricks 1,005 00 

N". Y. Stock Exchange 1,000 00 

Mrs. M. A. Grosvenor 1,000 00 

U. S. Sanitary Commission 1,000 00 

Rufus L. Lord 1,000 00 

New York Club 1,000 00 

Geo. Griswold Gray 1,000 00 

Edward Clark 1,000 00 



J. C. Sanford 


. . $600 00 


Wm. Mathews 


500 00 


Ezra R. Goodridge & Co. . . . 


500 00 


Benjamin Nathan 


500 00 


Christy, Constant & Co 


500 00 


Philip Speyer & Co 


500 00- 


Miss Mary Bell 


500 00 


Amos R. Eno 


500 00 


Adrian Iselin 


500 00 


John Tweddle 


500 00 


Alexander Hamilton, Jr 


250 00 



THE METROPOLITAN FAIR. 



243 



Mrs. Anne Seguin, proceeds of a 
concert 

Mrs. S. L. M. Barlow, proceeds 
of a picture 

T. A. Cunimiugs 

Dubois, Vandervoort & Co ... . 

Samuel F. Ferguson 

Jos. Lawrence 

Mark L. Potter 

W. II. Smith & Son 

Uriah J. Smith 

James G. King 

A. Gracie King 

Edward Ferguson 

Marvin & Co., gift of the jirice 
of a safe 

Howes & Macy 

Mrs. J. Butler Wright 

Prof. E. Charlier 

John Wolfe 

Mrs. C. Wolfe & daughter 

John Kean 

Lucius A. Booth, San Francisco 

Miss Ilclen Morris 

Edgar Ketchum 

Acker, Merrall & Co 

Mrs. Edward Clark 

James Coates 

Total 



$400 00 



300 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


225 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


175 


25 


120 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 



Tracy R. Edson 

Chas. B. Collins 

J. B. Iloldermann 

Mrs. Hamilton White, Syracuse 

Geo. E. L. Hyatt 

Youngs, Smith & Co 

J. L. Ross 

Mr. Chamberlin 

W. Bradford 

Josiah Lane 

Lawrence R. Kerr 

Edgar S. Van Winkle 

Morse & Co 

A. Belmont & Co 

W. D. Crawford 

Theodore Crane 

C. H. Marshall 

Francis Moulton 

Jacob Wall, baker 

P. II. Frost 

A. M. Allei-ton 

Wm. Waters & Co 

Woodbridge & Morris 

Thomas M. Lawrence 

Engineer Corps and Architects 

of the Central Park 

Other subscriptions 



$100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


) 100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


OC) 


44 


00 


7,908 


97 


.$39,028 


22 



COMMITTEE ON I'lilVATE SCnOOLS. 



Students of Collegiate Institute, 

920 Broadway $40 00 

Students of Geo. C. Antbon's 

school 110 00 

Students of Van Norman Insti- 
tute 230 00 

Students of J. Macmullen's 

school 125 30 

Total $1,129 15 



Students of Dow's Female Semi- 
nary, Plainlleld, N. .j ^70 00 

Concert by pupils of Miss L. F. 

Rostan 238 00 

Exhibition by pupils of Washing- 
ton Collegiate Institute 154 00 

Pupils of the Abbott Institute. . 101 85 



OUT OF TOWX TABLES. 



Buffalo Table $500 00 

Owego Table 1,140 24 

New Bedford Table 1,000 00 

Ohio Table 2,340 20 

Staten Island Table 3,370 04 

Harlem Table 3,584 1 1 



Dobbs' Ferry and Tarrytown 

Table $442 On 

Hastings Table 665 00 

Norwalk Table 1.565 00 

Westchester Table 2,312 00 

Hartford Table 1.005 00 



Total $17,923 59 



244 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



METROPOLITAN POLICE. 

Donations |4,034 25 Seventh Precinct Table $711 00 

Total $4,745 25 




New Youk Fip.e Depaktmekt $30,250 00 



ITBLIO PHESS. 



M. S. Beach, N. Y. Snn 

W. C. Bryant, N. Y. Evening 
Post 



|624 



250 on 



Other newspapers, by refunding 
a portion of their bills for ad- 



vertising . 



Total. 



$370 27 



,245 04 



miscellaneous keceipts. 



Coniinitti.'C on Lingerie 


$12,284 80 




" Window Glass. . 


100 00 


" 


" Furniture 


8,837 33 


" 


" Dentistry 


2,913 50 


" 


" Trades and Asso- 






ciations 


3,224 48 


u 


" Tobacco 


25 00 


il 


" Thread and Nee- 






dles 


.3,566 00 


•• 


" India-Rubber . . . 


8,621 43 


u 


" Stoves & Gas Fit- 






ting 


111 75 


a 


" Hair Dressing. . . 


533 30 


Sale ot 


Surgical and Ojitical In- 








1,716 62 


11 




7,391 53 


i( 


Ladies' and Fancy Goods 


2,233 00 



Sale of articles in Curiosity 

Shop ■ ■ • • 

Indian Department 

Mineral Department 

Photographic Gallery 

Turnverein Table 

Welsh Table 

Thread and Small Ware 

English Cloth Table...' 

Foreign Goods Table 

Perfumery Table 

Wa.x Flowers Table 

E.xcelsior Society Table 

Mr. E. Mathews' Table 

Toys Table 

Furnishing Goods Table 

Saddlery and Harness Table . . . 



$11,455 37 

1,765 00 

1,174 03 

456 05 

1,039 50 

5,210 05 

4,918 00 

4,331 64 

131 65 

1,262 00 

1,314 69 

1,345 00 

4,500 00 

1,851 45 

3,936 15 

2,755 30 

Total $91,005 21 



Aggregate of all receipts above given .... $946,238 32 
Cash received from Express Companies of New York . 20,000 00 

Foreign Contributions 5,280 77 



THE METROPOLITAX FAIR. 



245 



New Jersey Committee §38,298 08 

Seventh Regiment, National Guard ..... 8,583 50 

New York Post Office 700 00 

Committee on Public ScliooLs 28,782 19 

Roman Department 7,896 30 

Spirit of the Fair, newspaper ...... 7,175 73 

Ticket Department 1S1,382 10 

Union Square Department, including returns of the Com- 
mittee on Music 100, 13 i 18 

From all other sources, Jacob's Well, Interest, refunded 
Insurance, Soda Water, Copper Mine, Umbrella Stand, 
etc., etc. ......... 



Total . 

Deduct expenses 

Total net . 



11,804 77 

$1,351,275 94 

167,769 71 

$1,183,506 23 



We should have been glad to be able to give as full a list of the contribu- 
tors of goods as of the cash subscribers, but our limits do not permit. 




TATTOO, BY TIIR TWENTY-SECOND REGIMENT UKUM 



We must now transport the sanitary flag from the spot where the North 
and East Rivers unite to form the ocean, to that where the Alleghany and 
Monongahela pour their waters into an Ohio of their (Teation. 

It had been determined to hold a Sanitary Fair at Pittsburgh before it 
was known that a similar intention existed in reference to holding one at 
Philadelphia. The time for holding them was fixed within a week of each 
other; but the event failed to show that either suffered from this circumstance. 
The following ladies and gentlemen composed the Executive Committee of 
the Pittsl)ur"h Fair : 



246 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Miss Rachel W. M'Faddex, Felix R. Ruunot, Chairman^ 

Mrs. Felix R. Bbunot, Jno. II. Siioexbekoek, 

" TiERNAN, TlIOS. M. IIoWE, 

" Paxton, J. I. Bexxett, 

" Price, Joiix W. Ciialfant, 

" Wm. Bakewell, CiiAs. W. Batchelor, 

" Kay, B. F. Jones, 

" Jxo. Watt, James O'ContsOk, 

" Brady Wilkixs, James Park, Jr., 

" Algernon Bell, Mark W. Watson 

Miss Scsan Sellers, Jno. Watt, 

" Mary Mooi:nEAi>, W. S. Haven, 

" Ella Stewart, 1 S. F. Von Bonxiiorst, Eon. Cor. Secretary. 

Mrs. McMillan, - Secretaries. N. Holmes, Honorary Treasurer. 

Miss Bakewell. ) W. D. McGowan, Secretary. 

Buildings were erected expressly for the fair in the Alleghany Diamond 
Squai'e. Though these covered about sixty thousand square feet, the com- 
mittee had not sufficient space, and were compelled to secure various halls for 
detached departments of the fair. This opened upon the first of June. 

The mechanical and floral departments were its most remarkable features. 
The first was to have been expected in an Iron City ; the second, the success 
of which was not so certain, was all the more welcome under that canopy of 
smoke. An eye-witness has given us the following description of the Floral 
Hall : 

" The grand design of the artist is to illustrate the progress of man in civil- 
ization, as evidenced by his architectural and topographical surroundings. 
The canopy, from which light is thrown upon the forest of different sections 
of the globe, is composed of the national emblem — entwined in red, white 
and Ijlue cloth — with arches of evergreens connecting with the other portions 
of the scene, and surmounting the whole. Encircling the hall is a series of 
booths, of entirely different architecture, from the rude structure framed out 
of the native forest tree, to the more advanced gothic style. On either side 
are two vistas or canopied walks, so shaded as to produce the beautiful illu- 
sion of great extent or distance. The arches are richly festooned with ever- 
greens. At the southern end is the 'Garden of Eden,' while in the northern 
extremity of the hall is the 'Bower of Eest,' and the 'Cascade.' 

" On the central piece great care has been bestowed to carry out the har- 
mony of the scenic creation. It presents six sections of the globe. The first 
is a striking scene upon the Rhine ; standing in front, the castle is observed at 
the top of the mountain slope, roads in gentle curves passing through the 
gi-Qunds of the peasantry beneath ; while cottages, water-mills, sheep grazing 



THE PITTSBURGH FAIR. 247 

in the distance, jets of water and gurgling streams, combine to form a view of 
great beauty and attraction ; at the base of tlie mountain is a glassy lake, 
whose margin is fringed with aquatic plants and flowers. From this point 
there is a fine view of the cave, which presents the illusive appearance of 
being an extended cavern or subterranean passage underlying the whole 
mountain. The music of the trickling water falls pleasantly on the ear, and 
the lights, seen in the distance, lend enchantment to the view. 

"The second section of the central figure is a faithful representation of a 
white-pine forest, the profile of the ground or side of the hill being in strict 
congruity with the trees and vegetation. The third section is a scene in Nor- 
way. A belt of dark-green native forest trees, with occasional patches of 
grass, where the deer browse, give variety and relief to the scenery. The 
fourth section is an elaborately cultivated French garden — a parterre, with 
flowers, sections of turf, statuary, vases, all the choice productions from every 
clime, fountains, the whole crowned with a splendid specimen of the Agave 
Americana. This is a fair illustration of what landscape gardeners would term 
an irregular taste, but producing, by great profusion and variety, a charming 
effect. 

" The fiftli is an exhibition of an iron and coal mountain. Eough sand- 
stone formation, slate, coal, and iron ore, with laurel and hemlock, are its par- 
ticular features. The design in this instance is forcibly carried out. The last 
section is intended to convey a topographical appearance of a hemlock region. 
Broken sliade, tumbling debris, and decaying matter, fully continue the har- 
mony of the natural -proportions. Surmounting the central picture there is a 
rustic summer house, which is reached by winding steps, formed out of the 
projecting rocks.- 

The following is an abstract of the Treasurer's report : 

Receipts from all sources $.363,.'iro 09 

Deduct expenses 33,079 29 

Net receipts $330,490 80 

Retained tor Monument Fund and other uses 11,272 82 

Made over to Sanitary Commission )i;319.217 98 

Not only was this extraordinary result reached in Pittsburgh while the 
Great Central Fair was in progress in Philadelphia, but the Christian Commis- 
sion, which had always found here a congenial home, collected, during the 
continuance of the fair, no less a sum than $50,000. Indeed, in its contribu- 
tions to the latter charity, Pittsburgh ranks the third city in the Union — 
Philadelphia and Boston being the first and second. 



248 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

The Great Central Fair of Philadelphia followed hard upon the great, and 
still more central, fair of Pittsburgh. It was in many respects the finest, and, 
in point of optical effect, certainly the most beautiful, of the series. Whether 
this was owing to the selection of a locality which permitted the use of archi- 
tectural devices, or to the season which draped the scene in foliage and fur- 
nished it witli the flowers and fruits of June, or whether Samaritan wares 
must, of necessity, be more tastefully grouped in a City of Brotherly Love, it 
matters little; it is sufficient tliat Philadelphians had reason to be proud of 
their success, and that the rest of the nation was grateful for it — that there 
was much felicitation and no jealousy. 

The first steps towards a fair in Philadelphia were taken in January, 
1864. Mrs. Hoge, who has been often mentioned in connection with sanitary 
matters, was present, by invitation, at a meeting of the Women's Pennsylva- 
nia Branch of the Sanitary Commission. She gave a succinct but glowing 
account of the Northwestern Fair, and urged tlie example of the Lake City as 
a safe one to follow. The advice was taken; resolutions were passed; the 
Executive Committee of the Philadelphia Associates of the Sanitary Com- 
mission were consulted ; the usual machinery of appeals and circulars was set 
in motion; and very soon it was seen that so deeply was the popular heart 
stirred, not only in the city, not only in the state, but also in the neighboring 
principalities of Delaware and New Jersey, so profuse promised to be the 
harvest, that no edifice would house the wares, no structure contain the buyers. 
So the Academy of Music was rejected ; a plan for supplementing that build- 
ing by wings and bridges was tabled ; and an army of men, possessed of the 
necessary jjermit, flinging down upon Logan Square two million feet of lum- 
ber, wherewith to inclose an area of two hundred thousand square feet, 
applied themselves to the task of creating, in forty working days, the most 
beautiful structure in America. The work prospered ; the fair was opened 
upon the day appointed, the seventh of June, with processions, cannonades, 
addresses, hymns. No Fourth of July was ever solemnized as a more general 
or more welcome festival. 

Though words are always inadequate to convey an idea of architectural 
beauties, and though those of L^nion Avenue elude description in a jjeculiar 
degree, yet an attempt that would have been successful, had success been 
possible, has been made to fix its lineaments upon jiaper. In Mr. StiUe's 
Memorial occurs the following passage : " Union Avenue, which measured 
fifty feet from the floor to the point of the arch, covered, in its ground-plan, the 
great walk of Logan Square, five hundred and fifty feet long, and sixty-four 



THE GREAT CENTRAL FAIR. 



249 



feet in width. It was composed of a series of Gothic arches, a style originally 
adopted principally with a view of injuring as little as possible the noble trees 
which grew on each side of the walk, the branches of which stood in the way 
of a building with perpendicular sides of the desired height. As it often 
happens, what had been adopted as a matter of necessity proved to be the 
very stjde which should have l)een selected, had the choice of all styles been 
left free. It is impossible to imagine any thing more imposing in its effect, more 
capable of decoration, or more admirably adapted to tlic disjjlaj' of articles 
exhibited in it, than this Gothic avenue. The very branches of the trees, 




SCENE OF THE GREAT CENTRAL FAIR OF PIIlI.AnELPniA. 



which with pious care every effort was made to preserve, were permitted to 
enter the roof of the building, and the effect was singularly novel and 
picturesque. The long line of the pointed arch, thus festooned at its apex with 
green boughs, hung lower down with banners and trophies of every variety 
of form and color, as in some great baronial hall of the middle ages ; and, at 
its base and along its whole extent, filled with all the wonderful productions 
of our industry, with a vast throng of eager, admiring, enthusiastic people 
moving unceasingly in the midst of it all, made up a dazzling picture, such as 
no cj-e had ever looked upon on the continent. To stand at one extremity 
of this noble hall and look through the long vista formed by these arches, 
when gilded with the mild beams of the setting sun, or radiant at night 



250 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

witli tlic light reflected from countless objects of every variety of form and 
hue, was a sight like that of the illumination of St. Peter's, the sight of a 
lifetime." 

This superb hall was lined on either side with counters, while a range of 
tables occupied the centre, leaving ample space for purchasers and prome- 
naders. Here were gathered the riches of the mechanic, the fine and the 
ornamental arts ; books and stationery, silver-ware, perfumery, hollow-ware, 
hardware ; carpets, hats, caps and furs, boots and shoes ; porcelain, wall-paper, 
millinery, Swiss wood-work, and India-rubber. Though compelled to hasten 
on where we should prefer to linger, time and space must be found to i-eeord 
the fact that the sewing women of Philadelphia furnished a table with gifts 
of needle-work, which, when turned into money, produced the sum of $!)-i'-l. 
That a class of persons whose life is one long struggle to keep the wolf from 
their own doors, should thus have aided in a scheme to drive him from the 
door of the distant hospital, is an incident at once touching and significant. 

And now a cursory glance at those features in which this fair differed from 
its predecessors. The pupils of the School of Design for Women exhibited a 
beautiful collection of the patterns which then formed the staple designs in 
many oi-namental branches of industrial art. The Bohemian glass-blowers 
spun tlie delicate jjroducts of their beautiful craft, giving half their receipts to 
the fair. Their glass steam-engine, the "Monitor," permitting the spectator to 
pry through its transparent surfaces into secrets of cylinder and piston, 
labored noiselessly from morning to night. The Ciishman Album, bound in 
green and gold, and containing forty-three sketches contributed by Boston, 
New York, and Philadelphia artists, brought $1,37-1 into the common fund ; 
the intention being that the collection, after having paid tribute to the 
cause, should be presented to Miss Cushman, in recognition of her generosity 
to the commission. Hard by, a lithographic press, laying metallic hands 
upon a picture which had already passed eight times beneath the blocks and 
had thus received the impress of eight different colors, stamped the ninth and 
last upon it, in view of the spectator. 

The yacht '"Fairie," a beautiful steamer, fifty-eight feet long, and able to 
make her twelve knots an hour easily, was presented to the fair by two well- 
known shipbuilding firms, Mr. Cramp furnishing the hull and fittings, and 
Messrs. Neafie & Levy jiroviding the machinery. She would have been 
exhibited in Union Avenue could she have been conveyed thither. She was 
bought by the government for $10,000. 

Near to the spot where the Fairie was to have been docked, was a coining 



THE SMOKER'S PARADISE. 251 

press, built by the machinists of the U. S. Mint. Here the visitor could 
purchase numismatic mementoes of the fair, struck off before his eyes. In the 
same department a brick machine forged tiny one cent bricks, and hard by a 
bullet moulder tossed bullets out of a hopper as fast as they could 1)0 l)ought 
for five cents apiece. The horse-shoe forge, fresh from triumphs in New York, 
was as ready here as there to shoe the cavalry of Lilliput 

To the tobacconists of Philadelphia was due that unique and seductive 
retreat, the Turkish Divan or Smoker's Paradise. Constructed by scenic 
artists and operatic carpenters from authentic records, stocked with every thing 
that could be snuffed, chewed, or smoked, with pipes, meerschaums, calumets, 
with leaf that had paid the excise and cigars that had contributed to tlie cus- 
toms, with smoking caps, Turkish slippers, and cushions of oriental fashion, the 
Divan made an enviable fame for itself and $9,000 for the fair. 

Chicago, Boston, Brooklyn, and New York had had their Hall of Arms 
and Trophies ; Philadelphia could do no less. Two smoke-stacks of monitors 
engaged in the attack on Charleston flanked the entrance, and within was 
the usual interesting but indescribable collection of flags, cannon, swords, 
spears, canister, grape-shot, pistols, claymores. A ten-inch bolt thrown from 
Batter}^ Gregg, and plucked from the uninjured deck of the New Ironsides; 
rebel bayonets from Missionary Ridge ; a bowie-knife wrested from one of 
Forrest's troopers ; a Chinese match-lock ; an Albanian pistol ; John Brown's 
spear ; a French cantec.-n from Waterloo, formed an incongi-uous but suggestive 
group. The lock of a musket from Shiloh was made to tell of the death of the 
rebel General Johnston, thus : 

"This is the lock 
That ci-acketl tlie cap 
That fired the f;un 
That carried tlie hall 
That caused the fall 
Of Alhert Sidney Johnston." 

There were relics from the field of Gettysburg, canes, picture-frames, bas- 
kets of ferns and leaves ; the battle-flag of General Kearney's Division ; silver 
urns presented by citizens of Philadelphia to Decatur; naval flags in abund- 
ance, mostly trophies of 1812 ; the model of a frigate, made from a fragment 
of the maintopmast of the Cumberland, and offered at $300; a plaster model cf 
the great Rodman twenty-inch gun, and a model of the Swamp Angel, made 
by soldiers who had helped to mount tiic original angel in the original swamp. 
The gun was a perfect copy of its prototype ; the five hundred bags filled with 



252 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Morris Island sand that protected the one, protected the other in miniature, 
and South Carolina soil surrounded them hoth. 

The Horticultural Department of the Philadelphia Fair was one of those 
overwhelming triumphs of taste and creative skill which have made the Quaker 
City mart so pre-eminent. It was certainly the grandest floral display ever 
witnessed in America, and for a finer you must visit either Paris, Persia, or 
Paradise. " Our Daily Fare" thus struggled with the subject : " Fancy a rotunda 
one hundred and ninety feet in diameter, filled with rare plants and flowers 
arranged in a succession of circles through which visitors pass and repass, 
drinking in the fragrance of the orange-tree and the palm, the banana and the 
magnolia. In the lake, in the centre of this fairy palace, is an island, with its 
fountain of hundreds of jets brilliantly illuminated at night by a thousand 
burners, and thus, intermingled with all that is sweet and beautiful in the 
floral realms, comes the soft music of the band hid from sight by the dense 
foliage of the island. 

" The fountain is woi'thy of its surroundings. Around the base of a vast 
pyramid of exotic plants flows the crystal brook, bordered with grassy banks, 
and bearing on its bosom lovely water blossoms and the broad green leaves of 
the Victoria Regia, while from its depths burst forth at intervals delicate 
fountains of quaint and various designs. From the summit of the pyramid 
of plants there fiills on every side a dome-like sheet of water, covering the 
whole as if with a great bell-glass. On the outside of this and below the circle 
of water jets is a circle of fire, a jet of flame for every one of water. The effect 
of this arrangement of fire and water is indescribable. The thousand fantastic 
colors sent forth must be seen, and when seen will never be forgotten. Every 
drop of water becomes a jewel" 

Among the individual specimens which contributed to form this maze of 
verdure were a date-palm, overtopping the rest, a dragon-tree, a cam])hor-tree ; 
two bananas in full fruit, Australian tree ferns, j)itcher plants, lace plants, ze- 
bra plants, rhododendrons and pomegranates; an India-rubber tree, a Norfolk 
Island pine, a Brownii grandiceps; there were hanging baskets filled with 
orchids; there were festoons of evergreens, and columns twined about with 
boughs of pine, laurel and hemlock that lately waved wpon the Alleghanies. 

As for the smaller plants and flowers, the fuschias, the caladiums, the ivies, 
the acacias ; as for the cinnamon-trees aiid the sugar-cane, the Japan cedars 
and the hydrangeas, the butterfly orchids and the bee-hives ; as for the colors 
which put the rainbow to the blush, and were handsomer even then ; as for 
the odors which, had they blown from Araby, would have been scentless in 



THE FlllGID AND THE TOKUID ZONE. 



253 



comparison ; as for the air, wliich was faint and heavy — as for all these things, 
description is idle, till the sun not only takes photographs, but colors them, 
till the chromo-lithographer shall supersede the penman, or, at least, till 
printers' ink smells more of violets and lilies than it does now. 




MAKING nOlTQUETS FOR TilE FAIK. 



The Flower Market, where cut flowers and bouquets were dispensed, may, 
howc\-er, be safely treated of Of these there were none too many, though 
the gardens of Chestnut Hill and Germantown, the cemeteries of Glenwood 
and Laurel Hill, were rifled every morning. Those who were too late for real 
flowers could have wax ones instead ; those who would take neither might 
have strawberries and cream. He who wanted no flowers to-day, but was to 
marry a daughter next month, might buy a nurseryman's order for tlie amount 
he required, and thus pay the fair in Jane for the flowers Mr. Bright or Mr. 
Otto was to furnish him in July. Tlien there were evergreens by the cart- 
load ; gas-jets that every one took for water-lilies ; an aquarium containing 
earth, air, fire, and water ; and, to finish with horticulture, a Frigid and a 
Torrid Zone. Each zone had a room to itself 

Within the Arctic Circle, this is what was seen : a ship fast locked in ice ; 
vegetation, stunted but hardy, ofi'ering a modest though insuflicient meal to 
the browsing reindeer; a few blasted pines ; icebergs enough to cool the 
tropics, and to appal the forestallers of Eockland Lake, lest these huge cakes 
be thrown upon the market, bringing prices down upon the slide. The very 



254 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

light was cold and pale and blue. So potent was the illusion that it was not 
easy to recover from it ; to return to the temperate geniality of a Philadelphia 
June was not enough ; a visit to the antipodes, a flight to the other extreme, 
was indispensable. To meet this necessity, the Torrid Zone was simulated in 
another room hard by. Here the vegetation was of a nature to give a rein- 
deer a surfeit— it was dark, dense, gloomy, creeping, impenetrable. There 
were monkeys there, and macaws ; parrots, cranes, and pendent mosses. No 
sky was visible, and the whole aspect of the scene suggested the coming 
cyclone. It was a relief to escape, even if we returned again to the neighbor- 
ing Nova Zcmbla. Both these tableaux were perfect in conception and exe- 
cution, and were frequently mentioned as being " alone worth the price of 
admission." 

Of the Restaurant little need be said, except that, being conducted on the 
Philadelphian principles that secured the success of so many other depart- 
ments, it was likewise a brilliant triumph, whether considered socially, gastro- 
nomically, or financially. Nine thousand persons were entertained daily ; 
four hundred ladies and gentlemen gave their services gratuitously, and three 
hundred and seventeen persons were employed, at wages, in various capacities. 
The receipts were very large, but the expenses were proportionately so, leav- 
ing a profit of nearly $23,000. The " Pennsylvania Kitchen" was a depend- 
ency of the Restaurant, and was instituted in order to present a picture of 
domestic Dutch life in the interior of tlic state at the period of its settle- 
ment 

A mammoth chimney-piece occupied nearly one side of the room ; arranged 
in a semicircle over it was a combination of dried apples, forming words which 
conveyed a compliment to General Grant. Muskets with a historic record, 
pots and kettles old enough to have called each other black at the time of 
Braddock's defeat, spinning-wheels with an amazing memory, the desk at 
which Franklin wrote, the chair in which Franklin sat, blue mugs, brass 
lamps, a pestle and mortar that had pounded two centuries to dust, calabashes, 
bladders, a cojaper kettle that boiled coffee for the Continentals — with these 
and other antiques like them, a very respectable kitchen of the olden day was 
duly furnished forth. Of course, the viands were of a nature, in their essence 
and in their preparation, fully to correspond. No one would have called here 
for croquettes de riz or the Verzenay of Mumm ; but a courteous request for 
noodle soup or flannel cakes would have been instantlj^ complied with. The 
bill of fare included also those favorite dishes, summer-wurst, dampf-knauf, 
pfeffer-kuchen, and zucker-pretzels. Of this interesting resort one of the 



THE POST OFFICE. 



255 



gazettes of the day observed: "It is a great feature of the fair, and suggests a 
feeling of home." Doubtless to the early Dutchman it did, but it may well be 
doubted whether it would have revived similar memories in the Neai^olitan, 
the Welshman, or the Dane. 

The Central Fair Post Office was established to correct certain evils con- 
nected witli the onlinary post offices of the country. " There is nothing more 
unjust," said Our Daily Fare, "than the favoritism that is usually exercised 

' %^ S- -, MBTfcT .1 'uV ' '*"^. 







SANITARY FAIU I'UST OFFICE. 



at these places. In despotic countries it may do very well to make arbitrary 
distinctions among individuals ; but it is certainly intolerable in a republic that 
one man should receive a letter when he asks for it and another should be 
refused. It seems not to ari.se from prejudice against individuals, but to be 
the result of mere caprice. We ourselves have often been told there were no 
letters for us, when we were really anxious to receive one ; and, at other times, 
oftenest on the first day of January and July, we have received quantities of 
wretched epistles, in those horrid yellow envelopes, which we felt not the 
slightest desire for. 



256 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



" lu the Fair Post Office these evils have been remedied. The Executive 
Committee have requested that all their visitors be treated alike, and that 
every one who asks for a letter at the post office receive one. To obtain a 
letter, therefore, it is only necessary to pay for it. We trust that this great 
reform will meet, as it deserves, the favor of every one." 

It was not likely that the idea furnished to the Metropolitan Fair by 
Messrs. Tiffany & Co., of New York, and turned to such good use there, 
would not lie jjut to profit in Philadelphia. The veiy best use was made of 
it. Messrs. Bailey & Co. gave, as their contribution, a military vase, of solid 

silver, three feet and five inches in 
height, its value being $5,000. On 
the base, made of Vermont marble, 
were three concave panels, repre- 
senting the arms of the United 
States, those of Philadelphia, and the 
American Eagle strangling a serpent. 
Under the canopy was the figure of 
Liberty, and supporting the canopy 
were three pillars, being groupings 
illustrative of arms and trophies of 
ancient times, of the middle ages, and 
of the present day. At the point 
where the pillars touched the vase 
were winged figures, representing 
Fame, History, and Peace. The vase 
itself was enriched by clusters of 
grajjes and running vines. 

An improvement upon the idea as 
it came from New York, was the 
rule that the first proposer of a can- 
didate should pay $20 for the privi- 
lege ; as there were twenty-two nom- 
inations, the improvement was a 
productive one. Towards the end of 
the contest, the competition lay between two of the candidates only, Edwin 
G. James, President of the Corn Exchange, and the Union League. Mr. 
James finally won by four thousand nine hundred and forty-eight votes 
against four thousand and three. The result of the canvass was $10,457. 




MILITARY VASE, TUE GIFT OP MESSRS. BAILEY i CO. 



General McClellan 


10 


General Howard 

Scattering 


9 

10 



UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE. 257 

A camp-chest, iDresentcd Ly Good Intent Hose Company, No. 2, containing 
glass and silver-ware for field service, and valued at $3U0, was disposed of in 
the same way. The vote at the close stood thus : 

General Birney 308 

General Meade 103 

General Gibbons 28 

General Grant 16 

Total 48-i 

A sword, presented by Messrs. Evans & Hassall, and valued at $2,000, was 
also disposed of by the system which in certain quarters is stigmatized as the 
tyranny of the majority. The will of the people, as expressed by the divine 
right of suffrage, was thus declared : 

General Meade 3,442 General Grant 1 77 

General Hancock 1,.506 Scattering 119 

General McClellan 297 

Total 5,541 

The destination of a silver horn, presented by the America Hose Com- 
pany, No. 17, was decided in the same manner; being evidently the badge of 
a fireman, and not of a general, none but engine, hook and ladder, and hose 
companies were eligible. The price of a vote was twenty-five cents, and some 
twenty-eight thousand were cast, thus divided : 



G(tod Will Engine 


12.732 


United States Engine 

Southwark Hose 

South Peun Hose 

Scattering 

Total 


159 


Fairmouut Engine 


9,941 


105 


Phreni.x Hose 


1,688 
1,414 


101 
542 


Philadelphia Engine 

Diligent Engine 


945 
219 




. . . 27,846 



The model house, a miniature, but as perfect in every detail as miniatures 
are or should be, with a marble chimney-piece upon which an able-bodied man 
had bestowed three days' labor, a mansion of three stories, each room complete 
with its appropriate furniture, with a book-case stocked with diamond editions, 
and a gallery of paintings three inches by five — this desirable residence, in 
every way fit for the queen of dolls, was valued at $1,000, and sold for $2,300. 
Another model house, possessing, in addition to similar attractions, gas fix- 
tures, and such ingenious contrivances of the plumber's art as would enable 
the tenant to illuminate by night, was purchased for $800. 

The Department of Public and Private Schools worthily sustained the 
general credit of the fair. Fourteen hundred teachers and seventy-two 

17 



258 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

thousand pupils labored together for months, plying the needle, circulating the 
subscription book, rehearsing operas, concerts, readings, tableaux ; giving tea- 
parties and festivals, and even exhibiting the oxycalcium phantasmagoria ! 
The pin-cushions were literally brought to the fair by the cart-load, and the 
unsanguine predicted that they would go thence in the same way ; but not a 
housewife was sacrificed to the Moloch of Wholesale Price ; not a jDin-cushion 
but brought in its full retail quota; and when the jJroceeds of the needle, the 
subscription book, and the exhibition room were rolled into a lump, its sym- 
bol upon paper was no other than this : $40,000. 

The Children's Department commenced opei'ations a month before the 
fair by giving a May ball. This was to start the enthusiasm and enlist the 
sympathies of that j^ortion of the population which, though not yet in its 
teens, still has money to spend, and is inclined to spend it freely. The ball 
was followed by a concert, and, in June, the department had its own allotted 
space. Here was Signor Blitz, the sprightly, the sempiternal ; hei'e was the 
Old Lady tliat lived in a Shoe ; here was Ethel Newcome, a doll so perfect 
in demeanor and so gorgeous in wardrobe that she was sold twice, and tlie 
money was not refunded once ; here was the Soldiers' Home, with an inge- 
nious flue in the chimney for the passage of the specie currency of the 
realm ; here was the Skating Pond, the Fancy Ball ; in short, here was the 
spot where some $15,000 were, in various pleasant ways, swept from the table 
into the crumb basket. 

The Art Gallery was a building upon the north side of Logan Square, 
covering the entire length of the grand walk at that point ; it was five 
hundred feet long, twenty-six feet wide, and fifteen feet high. The rich collec- 
tions of Philadelphia furnished, of course, the bulk of tlie treasures exhibited 
upon its walls; but New York, Boston, Washington, Baltimore, and Chicago 
sent specinjcns of their jiossessions also. Several of the private galleries, con- 
tributions from which were declined for want of room, were exhiliited sepa- 
rately. A casket of oil and water sketches, presented by the artists of New 
York, another of fifty sketches, contributed by the Artists' Fund Society of 
Philadelpliia, were disposed of by lot for about $3,000. The New York 
casket went to Baltimore ; the Philadelphian remained at home. 

The number of pictures and other works of art exhibited was about fifteen 
hundred ; the visitors were estimated at nearly two hundred and twenty 
thoiisand, and the net proceeds of the gallery were over $33,000, with some 
$.5,000 worth of articles left unsold at the close of the fair. The report of the 
Committee on Fine Arts speaks as follows of the beauty and merit of the 





TiTwwnTTntTFffnfm^TfTTFiwnTT^^ 



^^^^^s^rni^ 



^ 



(Wl;iri> J^r|]ool (tutatiuumcnt. 



P E O G U A .M M E . 



M (.-;-^.-fet-■' 






-OtT The Star-Spaiigleil BsiniUT . . CuoKt'S. 
^_ \ Stump SpL-ecli .... Master Ciiilds. 
Son''. — Tlie Vacant Cluiii' . . Miss Lenox. 




Street Ariruuu-nt . 
Viva TAinerica 
The Last Ditch , 
Comic Song 



FnrR Buys. 
. Charles Browne. 

Miss Kmbuson. 
. Master Burns. 



Johnny Schmoker, or, Tlio PlMy- 

willywinck Band . EioiiT Boys 



PART II. 
' Fla^, Boys. 



CiioRrs. 

Masters Df.xtei: 

it CrNNINGlIA.M. 

Miss Breweiu 
Masters Bonu. 



N. ^- '^^ ■ ^^ ^ ^"^^^y Kounil the 

/'^^^l^^l ^^\ Kobin RutT . 

The Fulks that p 

The State of the C-niiitrv. Sceiif \ Masters Boni 

, , ■ -( (. i-RTis, Well; 

enacted by . . . . ) ^^. (^kren. 

The Red, AVhite, and Biuo . , Cimitrs. 
Gymnastics, with Piano accompa- 
niment . ... FibTRKN Boys. 
Marcliini,' Ah>ng . ' . . Chorus. 
We're a Million in the Kiehl . Quartette. 
Hail Columbia .... Chorus. 





LABOR, INCOME, AxND REVENUE. 259 

oollet-tion : " The best American and the best foreign schools were ably repre- 
sented in many of their most attractive works, and it is believed that, in 
respect to modern pictures, this gallery in real merit compared favorably with 
the best collection ever exhibited in Europe. The size of the gallery was far 
beyond any thing ever yet attempted in America, and although wanting the 
fretted ceilings and arcliitectural proportions of the time-honored gallei-ies of 
Europe, its lich contents so occupied the c^-e that what was not beautiful was 
not seen. The jiiageant, which rose like an exhalation, as, in happy quotation 
from Milton, was said of it l;)y a distinguished orator and statesman, charmed 
and delighted, time and time again, the ever-teeming crowd thronging the 
gallery during the three short weeks of the exhibition. How often, when the 
time of closing drew near, was the remark heard, ' Must this thing of beauty 
be dispersed, and no more seen? Can it not remain, to be a joy forever?' " 

Three committees had already obtained large sums of money before the 
opening of the fair — that of Benefits and Exhibitions, that of Orations and 
Lectures, and that of Musical Entertainments. The period during which these 
methods of adding to the fund were prosecuted with success was not far from 
two months. Balls and concerts, some public and some private, amateur the- 
atricals, readings and orations, were given nightly, not only in Philadelphia, 
but in almost every populous town of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Dela- 
ware. The Shakspearean Tercentenary, which in New York was tributary to 
the Statue Fund, went in Pliiladelphia with the hop of the Gray Reserves, the 
readings of Grace Greenwood, and the recitations of Professor Murdoch. The 
sums realized by the three committees amounted in the aggregate to about 
$24,000. 

Thus for we have referred only to the labors of those committees who re- 
turned something for the money they received — a pin-cushion, a vote, a seat, a 
sight. We have said nothing of the two committees whose province it was to 
obtain subscriptions, contributions in money. Tlie Committee on Finance and 
Donations, and the Committee on Labor, Incon)e, and Revenue, assumed this 
duty, and the ingenuity and success of the latter were as remarkable as any 
thing in the history of the fair. The collection of $70,000 from the gentlemen 
of the Exchange, the Board, and the Street, by the Committee on Finance, 
was creditable enough, but the competing committee beat this flattering result 
four times over. '-This was originally designed," says Mr. Stille, "as a sort 
of drag-net, a species of omnium gatherum, by means of which the gleanings 
in fields which had escaped the vigilant explorations of other committees 
should be gathered in. Tlie plan was to secure from each member of the 



260 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

community, no matter liow lofty or humble his position, the value of one day's 
labor, one day's income." After a thorough organization, and the appointment 
of sub-committees for every legislative district in Pennsylvania, the officers of 
the department set off upon a tour through the state. 

Wherever the local mind appeared to be in the proper mood, and required 
no preliminary manipulation, operations were immediately begun. From six 
to twelve manufictories were sometimes visited in a day ; the works were 
stopped, the hands collected, the matter was explained, and one day's labor 
asked. It was so seldom, that we may as well say never, refused. Sometimes 
the employer, adding together the contributions of his men, gave as much 
more himself, and in one instance gave it t^vice over. In Catawissa, the young 
men were invited to declare by vote who was the handsomest and best young 
lady of tlio place, on condition that each inclosed in his vote the value of " one 
day's income, one day's labor." Miss Ilattie S. Reifsnyder was returned by a 
large majoritv, having received three hundred and twenty votes, more than all 
the other Catawissans put together. The City Passenger Railway Companies, 
by a vote of the Board of Presidents, generally appi'opriated one day's reve- 
nue, while the steam railroads, not knowing, and apparently unwilling to know, 
what a day's income was, took a magnificent view of it, estimated high, and 
subscribed their thousands, some five, some ten. So that when the sub-com- 
mittee on coal reported their collections at $67,000, and the various hauls of 
the drag-net were accumulated in one huge pile, and it became necessary to 
name that pile, the name selected was Two Hundred and Forty-seven Thou- 
sand Dollars. The man who had a hundred thousand pounds and whose 
patronymic was Plum, was not more happily named; nor was the heiress 
whose initials were L. S. D. 

New Jersey, affecting to be dissatisfied with her contribution to the Metro- 
politan Fair — no less a sum than $38,000— had determined to help Pennsyl- 
vania, and did so ; and, when the accounts were made up, Pennsylvania was 
$17,000 better off than she would otherwise have been. Delaware, too, which 
had thus far had no opportunity, now felt that iier time had come, and the 
Blue Hen laid the very ponderous nest-egg of $32,000. 

"Our Daily Fare" was the — we should have said organ of the fair, were 
it not then necessary to follow out the figure by adding, either that it was 
"ground" by Mr. Childs, "played upon " by Mr. Leland, or "blown"' by Mr. 
Boker. These gentlemen did no such thing: they edited and published, 
with the assistance of an editorial committee of ladies and gentlemen, twelve 
numbers of a very spirited daily, which yielded a net result of $5,600. From 



SOME OF THE RESULTS OF THE FAIR. 



261 



its columns the reader may learn many thousand flicts and gather perhaps as 
many graceful thoughts. 

The Great Central Fair came to an end on Tuesday, the 28th of Juno, 
with addresses of congratulation, with cheers for the chairmen of certain 
well-worked and well-delivered committees, with the singing of tlie national 
anthem, with a prayer of thanksgiving by the bishop of the diocese, and 
the chanting of the doxoldgy by the multitude. A few days more and tlie 
grass was growing again in Logan Square, the grand old trees miglit drop 
their rejected leaves upon the ground beneath, and nothing remained of the 
great temple of beneficence but its memory, its associations, and the A'ery fine 
bank-account opened in its name. 

Of the dimensions of this account some idea may be obtained from the fol- 
lowing tables, embodying the reports of a portion of the committees, item by 
item, and giving the aggregate of all : 



COMMITTEE ON PRODnCE, PHOVISIOXS, AND SIHPI'IXG. 

Chairman^ Alex. G. Cattell. 

William M. Baird 




ITenry Winsor & Co $l.onO 00 

Edmund A. Souder & Co 1,000 00 

Jacob T. Albiirger & Co 1.000 00 

Edwin G. James 1,000 00 

Alex. G. Cattell & Co 1,000 00 

Peter Wright & Sons 1,000 00 

Thomas Clyde 1,000 00 

Thomas Wattson & Co 1,000 00 

Ocean Steam Navigation Company 1,000 00 
A. F. & R. Maxwell, Liveri)0(d, 

England 1,000 00 

Wilmon "Whilldin 500 00 

William J. Taylor & Co 500 00 

John Mason & Co 500 00 

John McCall & Co., Glasgow 300 00 



llumplireys & Hoftraan 

William S. Smith & Co 

Cofn Exchange Bank 

J. II. Michener&Co 

Baltimore & Philadelphia Steam- 
boat Company, per A. Groves, 
Jr., Agent 

Michener & Morris 

McCiitcheon & Collins 

n. Craig <fc Co 

Charles II. Cummings 

D. S. Stetson & Co 

J. E. Bazley & Co 

Baker & Folsom 

Bishop, Son & Co 

A. Heron, Jr 

S. S. Bishop 

Win. Taylor & Co 

John Bowers 

Jas. P. Perot & Brother 

John Derbyshire 

Elias A. Hunsicker 

George Keck 

Freed, AYard & Freed 

Peacock, Zell & Ilinchinan 

Buzby & Co 

D. W. Ilerstine 

Shipper & Detwiler 



$300 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 



262 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Allinan -k Wcngei- $100 00 Jolin R. Penrose $100 00 



Riddell & Leech 100 00 

Malone & Co 100 00 

Alexander Nesbit 100 00 

G. W. Rernadou & Rrotlier 100 00 

Detwiler & Ilartranft 100 00 

Josiah Rryan & Co 100 00 

M S. Myers 100 00 

n. B. Kershow & Co 100 00 

J. S. & E. L. Perot 100 00 

J. A. Douglierty & Sons 100 00 

Biuld & Conily 100 00 

Commonwealth Bank 100 00 

H. W. Cathcrwood 100 00 

S. L. 'Witmer 100 00 

Chesehrough & Pearson 100 00 

James L. Bewley & Co 100 00 

Brooke & Pugh 100 00 

Rowland it Ervien 100 00 

Thomas Smith 100 00 

Sharpless, Siter & Co 100 00 

Wm. Brice & Co 100 00 

James Steel & Co 100 00 

John T. Bailey & Co lOil 00 

Total net 



S. S. Williamson & Co 100 00 

S. J. Christian 100 00 

Adam TVarthman 100 00 

Landis & Stone 50 00 

James C. Prichett 50 00 

Levi Knowles 50 00 

George Cookman 50 00 

Brown & James 50 00 

Jos. F. Baker 50 00 

Capt. Jos. Baker 50 00 

Asidiel Troth & Co 50 00 

L. G. Mytinger & Co 50 00 

P. B. Mingle & Co 50 00 

James AUderdice 50 00 

J. M. Smith & Co 50 00 

B. B. Craycroft & Co 50 00 

Z. Locke & Co 50 00 

Geo. C. Nai>heys 50 00 

Tenhrook & Brother 50 00 

n. J. Adams & Co 50 00 

N. IL Graham & Co 50 00 

Otlier snbscriptions 7,874 00 



128,374 00 



COMMITTEE ON WHOLESALE DUX CiOODS. 

Chainnan, Davio S. Brown. 




John B. Myers & Co $1,500 00 

Stacy B. Bareroft 1,000 00 

David S. Brown 1,000 00 

Riegel, Wiest & Ervin 1,000 00 

D. D. Cummins 1,000 00 

R. Wood, Marsh & Haywood. . . 1,000 00 

William S. Stewart 1,000 00 



IlarrLs, Shoi-tridge & Co 

Fales, Wharton & Co 

Thos. W. Evans & Co 

Tredick, Stokes & Co 

Frothingliam & Wells 

James, Kent, Santee & Co. . . . 

Edmund Yard & Co 

J. C. Howe & Co 

Farnham, Kirkham & Co 

Johnes, Berry & Co 

Lewis, Boardraan & Wliarton. 

CotRn ifc Altemus 

Whitney tfc Lawrence 

Smith, AVilliams & Co 

Furness, Brinley & Co 

Pemherton S. Hutchinson. . . . 

Bush & Kurtz 

John B. Ellison, Sons & Co... . 

Garretson, Brady & Co 

Meigs & Brothers 

J. H. & W. Creighton 

George F. Peabody 

Wilmer, Cannell & Co 



$1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 

1,000 00 
1,000 00 

500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 



COMMITTEE RETURXS. 



263 





$500 00 


Sharp, Ilaincs & Co 


500 00 


Conrad & Sorrill 


500 00 




500 00 


Brooks & Brother 


500 00 


Geo B. Reese, Son & Co 


500 00 


De Coursey, Lafourcade & Co. . 


500 00 


FTay & McDovitt 


500 00 


Altemus it Cozens 


500 00 


J. R. &J. Price 


500 00 


Riegel & Brother 


400 00 


Blackston Manufacturing Co., 




per Goddard Brothers, agents 


400 00 


Lonsdale Co., i)er Goddard Bros., 




agents 


400 00 


Mellor, Bains & Mellor 


300 00 




250 00 


Leonard & Baker 


250 00 


Charles L. Sharpless 


250 00 


Wra. T. n. Duncan 


250 00 


n. N. Burroughs 


250 00 




250 00 


T. & F. Evans 


250 00 


Hood, Bombright & Co 


250 00 


R. Pollock &Co 


250 00 


J. T. Wav 


250 00 


Heilman & Rank 


250 00 


"Wicht & Lankcnau 


250 00 


Hope Co., per Goddard Brothers, 




agents 


200 00 


C. B. Mount 


200 00 


W n Brown 


200 00 


William Baird 


200 00 




150 00 


John Clendening and family. . , 


115 00 


Ellis & Harrop 


100 00 


Total net 





Morris, Clothier & Lewis 

Riddle, Gill & Co 

I. Binswanger & Co 

Ross, Shott & Co. . ; 

J. S. Young & Altemus 

■Werner, Itschner & Co 

Ridgway, Heussner & Co 

Tomiile & Co 

John Tatum 

Thomas R. Tunis 

John Farnuni 

Ale.x. Wray & Co 

Little, Stokes & Co 

Wray & Gillilan 

J. C. Fryer 

John H. Wilson 

Paneoast, Warnock & Co 

S. T. Auge & Co 

Doughten, Renshaw & Wilkins. 

Pollock & Casselberry 

Gemmill & Cresswells 

Dale, Rose & Co 

Wise, Pusey & Co 

D. K. Grim 

James Long 

Bryant Ferguson 

P. D. Martin 

Stout & Atkinson 

John B. Stryker & Co 

Sibley, Molten & Co 

Williams & Arnest 

Adams, Atkinson & Co 

E. J. Troth 

Other contributions in cash and 

merchandise . 



1100 


00 


100 


on 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


13,749 


67 


$53,814 


67 



COMMITTEE OX HATS, CAPS AND FUKS. 

Chairmen, E. Mokeis and Mrs. C. 0. Roberts. 



Cash. 
Adolph & Keen $1,000 00 



" " employees 

George Hoff & Co 

S. D. Walton 

" " employees 

C. H. Garden & Co 

Henry Tilge & Co 

John Farcira 

Edward S. Mawson 

" " employees. 



400 00 
300 00 
250 00 
172 50 
250 00 
250 00 
100 00 
100 00 
15 43 



Cooper, Parliam & Work. 

S. D. Walton it Co 

J. C. Yeager 

Frederick W. Corinth . . . . 

75artalott & Blynn 

John Davis 



C ooih. 
Employees of E. Morris & Co. 

George Hoff & Co 

Isaac Oakford & Son 



$100 00 


75 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


200 


00 


150 


00 


108 


75 



264 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Wm. F. Warburton $100 00 J. B. Lambert! 



Womratli & Co 

Josepli Rosenbanm 

Barnes, Osterhout, Herron & Co. 
Miss Benjamin's school, Harris- 

burgli 

Total net 



100 00 Pupils of Miss Woodward's 

90 00 school, Ilarrisburgh 

70 50 T. H. McCalla 

Other subscriptions and donations 



$56 00 

50 00 

50 00 

1,980 8-i 

§6,220 SO 



COMMITTEE ON RETAIL DRY GOODS. 



Chairmen, II. H. 
Cash. 

H. II. G. Sharpless 

Lord & Taylor, New York 

Eyre & Laiidell 

Edwin Hall 

John W. Thomas 

Edward Bacon 

George S. Lang 

From the counting-room and re- 
tail department of C. L. Sharp- 
less 

John Loutey 

Total net 



G. Sharpless and Mrs. Joshua Tevis. 

Edwin King 

Kelley & Brown 

F. M. Caldwell 

Cooper & Conard 



200 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


60 


00 


50 


00 



$50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 



Goods. 

J. M. nafleigh 500 00 

Besson & Son 152 00 

Eyre & Landell 100 00 

Shelmire & Thompson 72 57 

Other subscriptions and donations 2,200 51 



$4,141 08 




-fV-'^^i^S''^??^ 



American Button-Hole Machines 

Wilcox & Gibbs, Machines 

Total net 



COMMITTEE ON SEWING MACHINES. 

Chairman, Mrs. Dr. Gross. 

Wheeler & Wilson, Sewing Ma- 
chines 

Grover & Baker, Sewing Ma- 
chines 

,^ The Singer Manufacturing Oom- 

■ pany, Machines 

The Florence Sewing Machines. 
Wheeler & Wilson, Button-Hole 

Machine 

Tlie Elliptic Sewing Machine. . . 

John Grigg, cash 

Dr. S. D. Gross, cash 

The Parham Machine 

Watcener Sewing Machine 

^ Wilniartli Sewing Machine Co. . 

Finkle & Lyon, one machine. . . 

$025 00 Other contributions 

300 00 



$300 00 


.300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


73 


00 


65 


00 


60 


00 


55 


00 


480 


40 



.$3,560 40 



COMMITTEE ON CARRIAGES. 

Chairman, William D. Rogers. 



Xew. Jersey Department, by Gen. 

Robertson, Chairman $625 00 

Wm. D. Rogers 400 00 



Brewers' & Maltsters' Association 

of Pennsylvania $375 00 

S. W. Jacobs 350 00 



THE GREAT CENTRAL FAIR. 



265 



George Dodd & Son $300 00 



George W. Watson & Co 


275 00 


A. B. Laudis and oUrts. Mount 




Joy Pa 


"•"5 00 


Beckhaus & Allgaier 


200 00 


J. George LeHer 


200 00 


Edward Lane 


200 00 


J. M. Cox & Brotlier, Middle- 




town, Del 


175 00 


Blancliiird & Bro., Newark, K. J. 


153 99 



A. M. ITerkness $100 00 

J. D. Heritage, Bustleton, Pa. . . 90 00 

IL G. Ileadrick 80 00 

Sani'l Mowry, Greenville, Conn. 60 00 

James Laws, Holmesburg, Pu. . . 60 00 

W. n. Pcarce 51 20 

Plaff&lvroll 50 00 

Other subscriptions and dcma- 

tions 234 95 



Total net $-1,205 U 

COMMITTEE OX WINES AND LIQUORS. 

Chairman, George Cromelien. 

E. Castillon 




Kirkpatrick & Brother 

Charles S. cfc James Carstairt 

Walden, Koehn & Co 

S. Alter 

J. B. Peacock 

E. K. Conklin 

A. Robeno, Sr 

John Ilertzeler 

Adam Moffitt 

John D. Norcross 

Dufour & Gai'drat 



oi<i- 



Cnsh. 



George Cromelien & Son $500 00 

White & Hentz 500 00 

P. Rushong 500 00 

Uenrv Bohlen et Co 500 00 



AlcrcJiandise, esthmitcd ni 

Wm. n. Yeaton 

T. H. Jacobs & Co 

L. E. Amsinck & Co., New York 

Wm. IL Yeaton & Co 

John C. Iveffer 

J. N. Kline 

Other donations of money and 
goods, say 



$200 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


§500 


00 


200 


00 


165 


00 


150 


00 


150 


00 


50 


00 


400 


00 



Total net $3,429 00 



committee on chemicals. 

M. UlILER, M. D. 

Harrison Brothers & Co. 

Dr. W. M. Uhler 

James F. Magee & Co, . . 
Other subscriptions 



Chairman, Wm 

Rosengarten & Sons $1 ,000 00 

Powers & Weightman 1,000 00 

John T. Lewis & Brother 500 00 

Wetherill & Brother 500 00 

Charles Lennig 500 00 

Total net $4,050 00 



$250 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


200 


00 



COMMITTEE ON BREWERS AND MALTSTERS. 

Chairman, Samuel IlrsToN. 
Cash. Massey, Collins&Co.. emplnyees 
Massey, Collins & Co $500 00 F. & W. S. Perot 



$82 25 
200 00 



266 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Leeds & Gray $100 00 

W. E. Augier 100 00 

John Potter 100 00 

Adolph Iliigel 100 00 

Limus it Yuengling, Pottsville. 55 00 

Ale, cic. 

Win. Gaul 500 00 

Brewers' Association of State of 

Pennsylvania 875 00 

Abbott ifc Co 250 00 

Massey, Collins & Co 250 00 

Bergiloll & Psotta 200 00 

.J. & P. Halfz 200 00 

Gustavns Bcrgner 200 00 

Total net 



J. Beckler $100 00 



P. Guckes 

Leeds & Gray 

Frederick Lauer, Reading. . 

Engel & Wolf 

Mrs. Graueli 

I). J. Yuengling, Pottsville. 

P. Seheinm 

E. Joerger 

Schweitzer & Grimm 

John Klumpp 

C. Theiss 



100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

80 00 

80 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

230 casks, &e., &c., say 4,700 (lO 



$7,800 25. 



SUB-COMMITTEE ON EXPRESS COMP.\NIES. 

Treasurer, John Bingham. 
Adams' Express Company $1,000 00 Employees, Howard 



Howard & Co.'s Express 

Howard Express Company... 

Kinsley & Co.'s Express 

Harnden's Express 

Wells, Fargo & Co.'s Express. 
Philadelphia Local Express. , . 



250 


00 


200 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


150 


00 


50 


00 



$2,150 00 



One day's income as follows: 
Employees, Adams' Ex- 
press Co $434 00 

" Howard & Co.'s 

Express 100 00 

" Harnden's Ex- 
press 20 84 

Total 



Ex- 
press Co $30 00 

Kinsley & Co.'s 
Express 25 50 

New Jersey Ex- 
press Co 16 00 



$632 34 



]?ills receipted in full : 

Adams' Express Co $360 00 

Howard & Co.'s Express. 149 40 

Harnden's Express 45 25 

Howard Express Co 55 35 

Kinsley & Co.'s Express. . 29 85 

Pliila. Local Express .... 40 00 



679 85 



$3,462 19 



COMMITTEE ON TlilMMINOS, LACES, ETC. 



Chair 



R. A. Maxwell 



CasJi. 

Lewis Brothers & Co $500 00 

Billings, Roop & Co 500 00 

Joel J. Baily & Co 500 00 

Shufl" & Weriiwag 500 00 

II. Duhring & Co 300 00 

J. G. Maxwell & Son 250 00 

Markley & Shaffner 250 00 

Armar Yunng, Brother & Co 250 00 

Wolgamutli, Raleigh & Co 250 00 

Willcox Brothers & Co 150 00 

B. G. Godfrey & Co 150 00 

Bates & Coates 125 00 



and Mrs. J. Warner Johnson. 

R. N. Lee & Co $100 00 

Johns &. Lippincott 100 00 

G. H. Christian & Co 100 00 

George T. Stokes 100 00 

Ostheimer & Woodward 100 00 

B. Hoolcy & Son 100 00 

F. S. Ilovey & Brother 100 00 

Pearce, Wardin & Co 100 00 

Lefevre, Park & Co 100 00 

Henry M. Stone 100 00 

Abr.am H. Derrickson 50 00 

Henry A.shley 50 00 

Lee Brothers & Co 50 00 



THE GREAT CENTRAL FAIR. 



2G7 



Grundy, Brother & Co $50 00 

Brooke & Fuller 50 00 

Austin, Tliorp & Co., New York. 50 00 

Oooih. 

J. & A. Kemper 125 00 

Agnew & English 125 00 

Joshua B. Lee & Co 100 00 



E. M. Needles |100 00 

IL B. Clartin & Co., New York ... 50 00 

John Thornton 50 00 

Flues & Schatte 50 00 

Sliadrach Hill 50 00 

All other subscriptions and oon- 

tributious 2,S34 35 



Total net $8,509 35 



COMMITTEE ON TOBACCO AND CIGAKS. 



Cliiiirman, D. 







Cash: 

Bucknor, McCammon & Co $1,000 00 

Vetterlein & Co 1,000 00 

John T. Taitt 500 00 

Frishmuth, Brotljer & Co 300 00 

v. E. Garrett & Sons, country . 250 00 

Hagen, Boyd & Co 200 00 

S. & J. Moore 200 00 

McDowell & Duncan 200 00 

Taylor & Hemphill 200 00 

Smith & Brothers 200 00 

TV. Kingslca and employees. ... 112 00 

Louis Herbert 100 00 

C. M. Meyer & Co 100 00 

L. Bremer & Sons 100 00 

W. H. Fuguet 100 00 

J. R. S.ank 100 00 

A. Merino 100 00 

L. Bamberger & Co 100 00 

Russell &, Woodruff 100 00 

Teller, An.athan & Co 100 00 

John C. Heiner & Co 100 00 

Wm. Warner & Co 100 00 

Woodward & Co 100 00 



C. McCa.mmon. 

G. W. Hickm.an & Co 

S. H. Bush & Co 

Stern, Jonas & Co 

Thomas H.are 

Solimidt & Cathrall 

E. M. Crawford & Co., N. Y. . . 
Fred. Esenwein, " . . 

B. Vetterlein, " . . 

H. Thiermann, " . . 

M. F. Boyer & N. Wetzel, Potts- 

ville 

Woltjen Brothers 

Wartman & Engehnan 

James W. Crowell 

A. E. Fougeray 

Wm. F. Menrer 

Aug. T. Menrer 

Lower & Rank 

Cain & Tatem 

Beck ifc Burns 

John Wagner 

Goods. 
G. W. Gail & A.X, Baltimore, 

tobacco 

W. M. Abbey & Joseph Brooke, 

tobacco 

Frishmuth & Co., cigars 

Taylor, Bucknor, McCammon & 

Co., coffee 

Woltjen Brothers, tobacco 

William Warner & Co., pipes.. . 

Smith & Brothers, tobacco 

Sabater & Hance, " .... 
Henry H. Watts, New York, 

tobacco 

Stephen Greenly, tobacco 

H. R. Wolf, cig.ars 

Other contributions 



$100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


CO 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


60 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 



520 44 



200 


00 


200 


00 


no 


00 


IKi 


70 


107 


00 


70 


20 


72 


00 


GO 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


032 


69 



Total net $!i,377 03 



268 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



COMMITTEE ON OLOTniNG AND MEECHANT TAILORING. 



Chairman, L. 



Cash. 



Bennett & Co $500 00 

Goldman, Bei-g & Co 500 00 

" " employees. 22 00 

Bloomingdale & Rhine 300 00 

Kunkel, Hall it Co 300 00 

Harkness Brotbers 300 00 

Anspach it Stanton 300 00 

Arnold, Nnsbamn & Xirdliiiger. . 
" '• " employees 

Gans, Leberman & Co 

Shloss & Brother 

Solomon Cians 

Geo. W. Reed & Co 



300 00 
108 40 
300 00 
250 00 
250 00 
200 00 
Snyder, Grnbb & Co 200 00 



employees. 



Frank Brothers & Co. 



99 55 
150 00 



Wolf, Mayer & Co 150 00 

Blum, Ran & Co 150 00 

F. A. Hoyt 1.50 00 

Reizenstehi Brothers 100 00 

Joseph S. Doll 100 00 

Perry & Co 100 00 

W. & F. Carpenter 100 00 

E. P. Kelly 100 00 

Stern & Troutnian 50 00 

Newbur^er & llochstadter 50 00 

Total net 



J. Lebekman. 

Samuel Mayer 

Painter, Read & Eldredge 

.J. 11. Ehrlicher 

J. Meier & Brother 

Milligan & Carnahan 

Thos. C. Love 

E. O. Thompson 

S. S. Kelly 

Hughes & Muller 

S. H. Mattson 

M. J. & C. CroU 

Hartley & Eckert 



$50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 
50 00 



Goods, estimated value. 

Wanamaker & Brown 300 00 

Rockhill & Wilson 300 00 

Grigg & Van Gunten 153 50 

Charles Stokes & Co 150 00 

William Brown & Co 125 00 

C. Somers & Son 100 00 

H. L. Hallowell & Son 100 00 

R.D.Clifton 51 37 

M. T. Willis 50 00 

E. Matlack 50 00 

Other donations of money and 

goods, say 700 00 

$7,300 07 



COMMITTEE ON WHOLESALE GP.OCEEIES. 

Chairmen, Edwahd S. Claeke and Mrs. Cadwaladee. 
lumrerich & Smith 




Thompson, Clarke & Young $1,000 00 

E. C. Knight & Co 1,000 00 

Reynolds, Howell & Reitf 500 00 



William Cummings & Son. . . 

William C. Keehmle 

H. Geiger & Co 

John Harding, Jr 

Garrett & Martin 

W. S. Grant 

H. H. Lippincolt & Trotter . . 

Madeira & Cabada 

Thomas L. Gillespie 

James W. Carson & Co 

Roberts i& Macaltioncr 

Benjamin S. Janney, Jr., & Co 

Samuel Bisphara & Son 

Charles S. Lewis 

George Helmuth 

James Carstairs 



$500 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
250 00 
200 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
50 00 



THE GREAT CENTRAL FAIR. 



269 



W. Longstreth & Co. 
Weaver & Siiriinkle. 

Natluiii YuLing 

C. Young 

James SiiiiiU 



150 00 0. T. Ilollowiiy 

50 00 E. C. Eby 

50 00 D. Beideluian 

50 00 1). Ilendrie 

50 00 Other subscriptions. 



$50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


97 


62 



Total net $5,797 62 

COMMITTEE OX HOUSE FURNISniNG GOODS. 

Chairmen, I. E. Walk.vven- and Mus. Randolph. 

Cash. 

Noblit, Brown & Noblit $200 00 

Mrs. S. S. White 200 00 

L. A. Godey 200 00 

Paton & Co., New York 100 00 

Burglar Alarm Telegraph 100 00 

Mrs. George Cromelien 100 00 

John Grigg 100 00 

S. J. Megargee 100 00 

John Noblit 50 00 

Mutual Assurance Co 50 00 

Cooper & Conard 50 00 

Goods. 

A. n. Franciscus 1,300 00 

I. E. Walraven 350 00 

Kelty, Carringtoa & Co 300 00 

Hiram Tucker, Boston 250 00 

Sheppard, Van Ilarlingen t& Arri- 

son 211 50 

New York Metropolitan Wasliing 

Machine Co 20-i 00 

Total net $6,102 90 



J. V. Cowell ifc Son 


125 00 


Berger & Butz 


125 00 


Goldthorp & Co 


121 50 


Vanliorn & Eckstein 


108 90 


Ilowe & Euston 


100 00 


Newark Patent Package Co. . . . 


90 00 


Mrs. S. S. White 


89 75 


R. K. Slaughter 


75 00 


Iladden, Porter & Bootli 


75 00 


Whitney & Weston, Boston. . . . 


09 00 


Mrs. R. Lewis 


68 00 


Reading Hardware Works 


68 00 


V. Quarre 


51 .54 


Davis Kempleton & Co 


50 00 


Isaac Schlichter 


50 00 


B. J. Williams 


50 00 


C. W. Dean 


50 00 




50 00 


E S Farson & Co 


50 00 


A Lafore. 


50 00 


Other donations 


469 81 



committee on wrought and cast iron. 
Chairman, Andrew Wheeler. 



Morris, Tasker & Co $1,000 00 

Morris, Wheeler & Co 1,000 00 

Phoenix Iron Co 1 ,000 00 

N. Trotter & Co 1,000 00 

James Rowland & Co 1,000 00 

Cabeen & Co 1,000 00 

N. & G. Taylor & Co 1,000 00 

Allentown Iron Co., Allentown. 1,000 00 
Lehigh Crane Iron Co., Catasau- 

qua 1,000 00 

Cambria Iron Co., Johnstown. . . 1.000 00 
Cumberland Nail & Iron Co., 

Bridgeton, N. J 1,000 00 

Tliomas IrouCo., Ilokendauqua. 1,000 00 



Glendon Iron Co., Easton $1,000 00 

Blooinsburg Iron Co., Blooms- 
burg 1,000 00 

Penn. Iron Works, Danville: 

Thomas Beaver 500 00 

Book-keepers & clerks. 102 50 
Workmen 894 53 



A. & P. Roberts & Co.. 
Verree & Mitchell . . . . 

W. F. Potts 

N. & A. Middleton.... 

Stephen Rol)bins 

J. AVood it Brotlier. . . . 



1,407 03 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 

500 no 

500 00 



270 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Alan Wood & Co 

E. & G. Brooke, Birdsboi-o 

E. & G. Brooke & Co., Birdsboro 

Steele & Wortli, Coatesville. . . . 

Bethlehem Iron Co., Bethlehem. 

Jas. Ilooven ct Sons, Norristown 

McCullough Iron Co., Phila. . . 

Carbon Iron Co., Perry ville .... 

Seyfert, McManus & Co., Read- 
ing 

Seyfert, McManus & Co., specially 
ai)|)lied 

Lehigli Valley Iron Co., North- 
ampton County 

Tatliam & Brothers 

Etting &, Brother 

G. Dawson Coleman, Lebanon. . 

D. O. & II. S. Ilitner, William 
Penn Furnaces 

Catasauqua Manufacturing Co. 

Marshall, Phillips & Co 

Cabot & Etting 

Steever & Whitaker 

Huston & Penrose, Coatesville . . 

C. L. Pennock & Co., 

0. W. Barnes 



$.500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 
500 00 

500 00 

500 00 



500 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


300 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 


250 


00 



Iloopes & Townsend. ... 

McKelvy & Neal, Bloomsburg. , 

Samuel Lewis, Allentown 

Duucannon Iron Co., Philadel- 
phia .... 

A. Purves & Son 

Pha>nix Iron Co., paper weights 

Jacobs & Bull, Spring Grove 
Forge 

C. D. Bobbins & Co 

J. Clarence Cressou 

Tliomas I. Potts : . . . 

Samuel Hatfield, Coatesville. . . . 

Hugh E. Steele 

Singer, Nimick & Co., Pittsburgh, 
steel cannon 

W. H. Tiers 

Sanderson, Brother i& Co 

Park, Brother & Co., PittsburgI^ 
steel 

■Williiim Dowlin, Downingtown . 

James Goodman, Sadsbury Forge 
" " '■ employees 

Proceeds from miniature horse- 
shoes, presented by II. Burden 
& Sons, Troy, N. Y 



$250 00 
250 00 
250 00 

200 00 
150 00 
150 00 

120 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 

100 00 
100 00 
100 00 

95 25 

50 00 

50 00 

7 00 



3,181 T3 



Total net. t;32,138 28 



By James McIIenry, London . . . 
By Mrs. C. Ingersoll Gara, Erie, 

Pa 

French, Richards & Co . . 

Edward M. Hopkins 

C. Macalester 



EESTA€RAXT DEPARTMENT. 

Chairmen, Geo. T. Lewis and Miss MoHenrt. 

Tliomas Sparks $456 00 

By Mrs. T. T. Bradford, from 
Ladies' Aid Society of Water- 
ford, Pa 3111 85 

By Mrs. G. A. Nicolls, Reading. 305 98 

By Mrs. Chaplain, from citizens 

of Germantown 303 55 

By Mrs. Susan A. Russell, Potts- 

ville 259 85 

From "Dan Rice's Great Show" 256 75 

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing 

Company 250 00 

From the employees of the W,a- 
ter Department, Philadelfiliia, 

Thomas Earp 

Delaware County Mutual Insu- 
rance Company 

Browning <& Brotliers 

By Mrs. Dr. Rankin, Shippens- 

burg 189 70 




11,207 35 

1,036 09 

1,000 00 

500 00 

500 00 



20fi 


10 


200 


00 


200 


00 


200 


00 



THE GREAT CENTRAL FAIR. 



271 



Proceeds of a festival at Con- 
neauville 

By E. P. Pleasant, Suiibury, 
Pa 

C. Knap, Pittsburgh, two jjiins 
and one mortar 

Citizens of Juniata County 

By Miss Mary Kirk, I'liper Darby 

Citizens of Pennsl>uri; 

From Allentown and neighbor- 
hood 

Mrs. Robert Sturgis 

John Grigij 

Mrs. Edward Law 

Proceeds of a parlor entertain- 
ment 

Geo. T. Lewis 

Alexander Brown 

G. A. Wood 

Dr. George W. Norris 

Total net 



$183 62 



177 00 



175 


00 


153 


45 


130 


00 


112 


85 


110 


31 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 



Miss E. M. Fox 

Miss N. W. Fisher 

Mrs. W. W. Fisher 

F. W. Ralston 

Henry Sharpless 

N. ^Y. Ilarkness (collection). . . . 
By S. J. Walls, from Lewisburg 
Ladies' Committee of Milton . . . 
A. J. McDowell, Summerville. . 

Thomas Pratt, Media 

Thomas Earp, Jr 

John T. Lewis 

Edward L. Clark 

George R. Smith 

Field & Keehmle 

Mrs. R. IL Gratz 

T. Wharton Fisher 

Ladies of Huntington 

Other contributions and profit. . 



$100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

98 10 

78 20 

72 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 GO 

50 00 

11,878 42 



$22,481 07 



COMMITTEE ON PEKFtlMERT AND TOILET ARTICLES. 

Chairmen, H. P. Taylor and Mrs. E. W. Clark. 
Hararick & Leavitt .... 




Cash. 
Henry C. Fox $200 On 



employees. 



William I). Glenn. 
Jacob Haehnlen. . 



Goods. 
Van Haagen & McKeone . . 

R. &G. A.Wright 

Xavier Bazin 

J. C. Hull's Son, New York 

H. P. &C. R. Taylor 

Glenn & Co 

A. W. Harrison 

Reinhold Calm 

Edward McClain 

All other donations 



$100 


00 


20 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


425 


00 


396 


00 


363 


50 


360 


00 


350 


00 


301 


89 


75 


00 


52 


50 


50 


25 


3,081 


03 



Total net $6,525 17 



COMMITTEE ON WOOLEN AND COTTON MANUFACTURES. 

Chainridn, G. Morrison Coates. 



Benjamin Bullock's Sons $1,000 00 

Wm. C. Houston and Thos. Mott. 1,000 00 

Brown, Hill & Co 500 00 

Martin Landenberger 500 00 

" Office employees. . 120 00 

" Factory do . . 314 25 



John M. Mitchell & Co $500 00 

Employees. . 17 20 
Whitehead Brotlicrs, Trenton, X. 

J., goods 400 00 

Coates Brothers 300 00 

Southwick, Sheble & Greene. . . 300 00 



272 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Duhriug & Co., Beaver Valley 

Mil,s $300 00 

A.T.Lane 250 00 

Reece. Seal & Co 250 00 

Henry C. Davis 250 00 

•Joseph B. Hughes 250 00 

T.IIilsen& Co., picture, valued at 250 00 
Washington Manufacturing Com- 
pany, Gloucester, N. J., goods. 250 00 
Garsed& Brother, Frankford. . . 200 00 
Employees, Treniont Mill. . 121 82 
" Wingohocking Mill. 89 T-t 
James C. Rolterts, Downington, 

Pa 150 00 

Joseph McChire, Downingtown, 150 00 

Employees, &c. 02 00 

Samuel W. Cattell 150 00 

James Ramsden 100 00 

Fairfield & Lee 100 00 

Justice & Bateman 100 00 

Emanuel Hoy & Brothers 100 00 

James Long, Brother <& Co 100 00 

Jacoh D. Heft 100 00 

John Verlinden, Darhy 100 00 

James Martin, Frankford 100 00 



John Button & Sons §100 00 

" " " Employees.. 70 00 

Michael Buggy 100 00 

Charles T. Deacon 100 00 

" " Employees.. . 89 25 

Granlees, Norris & Co 100 00 

Bishop, Kelly & White 100 00 

W. Divine & Sons 100 00 

Employees in Kennebec Fac- 
tory 75 50 

Employees in Penn Factory . . 39 88 

Aub & Ilackenburg, goods 60 00 

J. T. Midnight 52 00 

Horace II. Soule 50 00 

Eagle Mills .50 00 

E. Albert Conkle 50 00 

David Trainer 50 00 

" " Emploj-ees .38 00 

Jaines & Roljert Mair 50 00 

Campbell & Elliott 50 00 

"W. Fulforth and employees. ... 50 00 

Solomon Wilde, Frankford 50 00 

xVll other donations, say 100 00 



Total net §7,500 00 



CO.MMITTEH ox JEWELHY, SU.VEli WARE, ETC. 

Chairmen, James E. Caldwell and Mks. James Ij. Claoiiokx. 




Cash. 
Proceeds of a parlor fair, 

through Mrs. James L. Clag- 

horn §722 15 

Thomas Megear 100 00 

Palmer, Richardson & Co 100 00 

Ailing Brothers & Co., ^T. Y... . 50 00 



Goods, estimated value. 




3. E. Caldwell & Co 


§2,000 00 


Carrow, Thibault & Co 


566 50 


N. F. Fenwick, Paris, France. . . 


400 00 


Butler & McCartv 


317 00 


Farr & Brother 


310 00 


George W. Simons & Brother. . 


S06 00 


William Wilson & Son 


300 no 


F. P. Dubosii 


300 00 


E. Tracv & Co 


250 00 


John M, Hari>er 


250 00 




179 00 


Thomas C. Garrett 


175 00 


Durand & Co., New York 


158 50 


Arthur Rumrill & Co., " 


150 00 


Pratt, South & Co., 


150 00 


Mabie, Todd & Co., " 


147 00 


Hall, Dodd & Co., Newark, X. J. 


1-34 00 


Chatellier & Spence, New York 


131 00 


Harvey Fillev & Sons 


125 00 


Baldwin, Sexton & Co., N. Y. . . 


120 00 


Salzraan, Jacot & Co., " ... 


115 no 



i 



THE GREAT CEXTUAL FAIR. 



273 



Hunting & Eirle, Now York. . . ^11'2 dO 

Reed i& Barton, Taunton, Mass., 110 50 

Fittli & AViildo. New York. . . . 10-t 5o 

Ki-iJei- & irnklle 102 50 

Biiekenljiun, Cole & Ilall, N. Y. 100 00 

Cixi-ter, Hale & Co., " 100 00 

Baldwin it Co., " 100 00 

Garrett & Son 100 00 

Dreer & Sears 100 00 

E. Christnian 100 00 

L. Ladonins & Co 100 00 

H. it ti. Soule, New Yolk 03 00 

Dnrfey it Barnes, " 00 00 

Ernest Kaufniann 76 00 

Madam E. G. An^eli 75 00 



Jaeoli Bennett 

E. liorliek & Son 

E. Howard & Co 

C. Jacot & Brother 

C. F. Newton 

Sackett, Davis it Co., New York 
Saninel W. Chamberlain, •' 
Cliurchill, Dana & Co., " 
Spiess it Rosswog, " 

Vnleanite Jewelry Co. " 

G. (iigon & Co 

■\V. Windel it Brotlier 

Josepli T. K. Hand, Ca]ie Island 

Henry Harper 

Other donations, say 



Total net. 



?;75 


00 


75 


00 


70 


00 


70 


00 


fiO 


00 


59 


50 


5f) 


00 


5:! 


50 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


800 


00 


$11,1143 


83 



COMMITTEE ON Puni. 

Chairmen, Edwaud Siiir 

Girls' High and Normal Seliool : 
Proceeds of concert $1,000 00 

Sales at fair 2iU 81 

•' after fair 2'.i 25 



^\,i'M 0(1 

Boys' Central High School : 

Collections by pupils and pro- 
fessors $801 00 

Sales at fair 37G 00 

1,2(17 00 

First Ward, sales, concert, collec- 
tions 1,151 07 

Second Ward : 

Phantasmagoria exhibi- 
tion $00 00 

One day's income from 

te.aoliers 85 00 

Clii Wren's collections.. 124 00 
Proceeds of ward fair .400 00 



10 AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS. 

PEN and Mns. P. M. Clapp. 
Contributions from 

teacliers $52 10 

Parlor entertainment 52 04 
Sales at fair 783 50 



Ninth Ward 

Tenth Ward 

Eleventh Ward 

Twelftii Ward 

Tliirteenth Ward 

Fourteentli Ward : 
Contributions of 

the Hancock and 

Monroe Grammar 

Schools $2,870 f.l 

Sales at fair COO 00 



$1,544 


20 


2,334 


07 


1,023 


40 


01 


(.0 


58() 


04 


1,192 


72 



' 759 00 

TliirdWard 1,023 30 

Fourth Ward 1,720 00 

Fifth Ward, including $055.2') 
from sales at the fair by a col- 
ored scliool 

Sixth Ward 

Seventh Wai-d 

Eighth Ward : 

Phantasmagoria exhi- 
bitions $435 17 

Contributions from 

schools 210 58 

Total net 

13 



1,222 fiS 
1.240 f.8 
1,008 37 



Fifteenth Ward 

Sixteenth Wanl 

Seventeenth Ward .... 

Eighteenth Ward 

Nineteenth Ward. . . . 

TuentietJi Ward 

Twenty-first Ward .... 
Twenty -second Wan!. 
Twenty-third Ward . . . 
Twenty-fourth Ward. . . 

Twenty-fifth Ward 

Public schools at largo 

Private schools 

All other receipts 



3,470 


(il 


3,112 


24 


1,237 


GO 


GOl 


2G 


1,070 


00 


1,144 


30 


1,005 


85 


522 


Gl 


1,021 


CO 


204 


93 


G47 


21 


434 


GO 


370 


45 


1,542 


00 


432 


ii\ 



$3(i,7GO 40 



274 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



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276 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



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■73 



O 



TllK XORTIIEILV IOWA FAIR. 277 

From Eastern Pennsj'lvania to Northern Iowa is a mai'ch worthy of 
Sherman's army ; when made, however, the traveller will find that though 
the sky may have changed, the avocations of those who dwell beneath it 
have not. Here, as elsewhere, the cause of the army is dear to the hearts 
of the jieople. The idea of liolding a Sanitary Fair in Dubuque first 
occurred, to a few citizens of that place, in January-, 1864. The subject was 
laid before the Ladies' Soldiers' Aid Society, and a public meeting was called 
to consider the subject. The leaders in such matters, however, were at that 
time unwilling to undertake so arduous an enterprise, and the matter rested 
until March. Mrs. Livermore, of Chicago, happened at that date to be in 
Dubuque, and proposed to deliver an address, embodying her experience in 
sanitary matters and philanthropic festivals. The address was made before 
an audience of Dubuque's best and fairest. Instead of taking a vote, they 
now took a contribution, as the simplest method of arriving at the sense of a 
meeting held in view of pecuniary ends. The plates told the story: $858 in 
money, and $250 in promises of goods. A fair organization was immediately 
decided upon, and a committee of sixteen was charged with the duty of 
selecting the ofiicers. This was done on the 12th of March, the choice falling 
upon the following, ladies and gentlemen : 

Presiihnt, 

]1. A. WlI.TSE. 

Vice-I'rcsiJeii ts, 
F. E. BissEi.i., Mrs. Timothy Davis, 

Mrs. p. II. Cox(iER. 

Secretiirits, 
Austin' Adams, Mrs. J. M. Robisox, 

Daeius K. Coenwell, Mrs. .J. Clement, 

Mrs. D. N. Cooi.et. 

Treamirei; 
George L. Matthews. 

Executive Committee^ 
H. A. Wii.tse, Mits. D. S. Ci'mings, 

O. P. SiiiRAs, Mrs. II. Markeli.. 

Mrs. S. M. Laxcworthy, Mrs. II. L. Stovt, 

Mrs. D. N. Coolev, Mrs. C. IT. Booth, 

Mrs. J. Clement, Mrs. W.m. Vanuever. 

The jiresident of each co-operating county in the state was made a vice- 
])iesident, thirty-two such ofticers sei-ving for Iowa counties, one for Iowa Good 
Templars, and one for Madison, Wisconsin. 



278 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

The Northern Iowa Sanitary Fair was held ia the City Ilall, a fine build- 
ing of three stories and a basement. It opened on the 21st of June, without 
ceremonial. The basement served as a store-room ; the first floor, whicli was 
unpartitioned throughout its length of one hundred and fifty feet, was occu- 
pied by booths upon each, side, with a passage-way of twenty-five feet 
between. The second floor, being divided into rooms, furnished accommoda- 
tions for the library and floral department, and apartments for unpacking and 
appraising, and for official transactions. On the third floor, whicli was undi- 
vided, were the curiosities, battle relics, and children's anuiscmcnts. The 
restaurant was established in Turner Ilall, an adjoining building; in another 
communicating structure were hardware, agricultural implements, houseliold 

furniture, and machinery. Turner Hall 
^^. ^ offered, too, a site for the presentation of 

pantomimes and tableaux, while the Julien 
Tlieatre was the scene of amateur theatri- 
cals, lectures, and concerts. 

The Iowa Fair prides itself on the fact 

j^V that " no article on sale had ever been ex- 

ry hibited at any other fair. Many of the fairs 

SANITARY RF.ArEK. ^'^^'l ^^ about thc samc time as ours became 

the residuary legatees of the Metropolitan 

and other fairs, but ours had no share in these inheritances." So much the 

more glory for Iowa. 

Such \vas the lavish generosity of the people of the state, and so large was 
the proportion of goods contributed ready for hosj^ital use, that $25,000 worth 
were sent to the army even before the fair was opened. This was practical 
work in good earnest ; instead cf contributing wares from the sale of which 
money might be obtained with which to purchase stores and clothing — fully 
one third being absorbed by the dealers' profit — they contributed the stores 
and clothing at first cost. The refreshment department furnished another 
proof of the hearty good-will of the people, though with a less happy result. 
The supply of provisions, cooked and uncooked, was so profuse, that a por- 
tion was sold, as it could not be eaten, and another portion was spoiled before 
it could be either eaten or sold. 

There have been few fairs without their original ideas ; and a method of 
augmenting the returns by offers of awards seems to have begun, and, for 
tliat matter, ended, in Dubuque. The Key City Mills Company promised a 
premium of $30 to the best four barrels of winter wheat flour, and another of 




"\'OTE YUUII llECilMEXT A FLAG. 279 

$40 to the largest donation of flour. The Brick City Mills, of Clermont, won 
the first, and the Waverley Mills, of Beaver County, with twenty-one barrels, 
the second. The premiums went with the barrels, of course. The Wheeler 
& Wilson Manufacturing Company promised a $115 sewing machine to the 
maker of the best gentleman's shirt, an $85 machine to tlie second best, and a 
$65 machine to the third best. These sprightly household engines were won 
respectively by Mrs. Coder and Pettibone, of Iowa, and Mrs. Millard, of Wis- 
consin. 

Mis. Williams, of Shellrock, carried off the prize of $85, offered by Luther 
& Edgar Tisdale, of Dubuque, for the best three-gallon crock of butter; and 
Mrs. Fitch, of Nautells, the prize of $15 for the second best three-gallon crock. 
There are many residents in Atlantic cities who will be glad to learn that 
there is such a thing as good butter, though it is no nearer than Iowa. 

Mr. A. H. Suplee, of New York, had promised an elliptic sewing and 
braiding machine to him who should supply tlie largest amount of hospital 
clothing. James R. Smith, of Hudson, furnished the clothing, won the 
machine, gave it to the fair, and saw it sold. 

Messrs. Wilcox & Gibbs, of New York, offered a $55 sewing machine to the 
maker of the five best hospital shirts. Mrs. Schroeder, of Illinois, took them 
at their word, made the best shirts, won the machine, and gave it to the fair. 

The managers of the fair offered two prizes : First, an American flag, twelve 
by twenty feet, to the county making the largest contribution, Dubuque 
County being naturally excluded. This was won by Clayton Count}', with 
$1,900. Second, a similar flag to the county making the largest contribution in 
proportion to wealth, Dubuque being permitted to compete. Kossuth County 
won, with $388. 

Mr. James E. Sebring, of New York, offered a twelve by twenty American 
flag to the county making the largest contribution in proportion to wealth, 
Dubuque being again excluded. Mitchell county won, with $525. 

The great instrumentality of the vote was not to be overlooked in Iowa. 
Messrs. Parsons & Co., of St. Louis, presented an embroidered silk regimental 
flag to the fair, the visitors to decide to what Iowa regiment it should be given. 
Votes were half a dollar apiece, and six hundred and eighty were cast. The 
Ninth Iowa won. A clever joke might be perpetrated, in such a canvass, by 
a regiment at home on furlough. Remembering the old party cry of "Vote 
yourself a farm," they might strive for regimental colors by the same process. 
But as this would stimulate opposition, and as opposition would beget half 
dollars, and as half dollars, when collected by twos, produce a harmonious 



280 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



decimal result, no one could fairly object, and the winning regiment, when its 
furlough was over, could go back with flying colors. 

If the small number of visitors be taken into consideration, the Iowa Fair 
was the most successful ever given. Not four thousand persons attended it ; 
the receipts from the sale of tickets were not $2,500 ; and yet the gross yield 
was nearly $86,000. This was owing, in part, to the fact which has been 
mentioned, that a large proportion of the goods contributed were ready for 
hospital use, and could be forwarded at once to the front ; and in part to the 
f\ict that the thirty-two counties represented sent to the central treasury 
an unusual proportion of money — the proceeds of local fairs, sub-sanitary 
festivals, tea-parties, the collections of village aid societies, &c., &c. Thus, 
Black Hawk County sent not only its quota of goods, but nearly a thousand 
dollars in money — collections in Cedar Falls, the receipts of an Old Folks' 
Concert in Waterloo, and the returns of one day's income from Wm. Ireland 
& Co. ; elsewhere they liad had an ice-cream festival, at anotlier place a calico 
tea-party, and farther south, a stagecoach concert. It was, literally, a people's 




A STAGK-rOAClI ni)S(XET I.N IOWA. 



fiiir, and the citizens of tlie very heart and limits of the state had borne each 
their burden. It is proper to add that when the closing auction sales were 
over, the fair was still the owner of an embroidered chair, a gold watch, a 
house-lot, one hundred and twenty acres of land, and a bee-hive. 
The following is an abstract of the receipts of the Iowa Fair : 

Dubnqiie City $17,359 20 

Dubuque Cimntv 587 75 



THE DUBUQUE FAIR. 281 

Black Hawk County $1,453 40 

Clayton County 1,923 80 

Jasper County 1,124 00 

Jones County 1,017 65 

All other counties 38,601 78 

Good Templars 1,828 10 

Boston, Mass 2,735 00 

Chicago, III 3,508 00 

Hartford, Conn 325 00 

Masons 272 70 

Milwaukee 1,262 1 6 

New York City 3, 165 00 

Entertainments 606 50 

Refreshments 1,465 05 

Regatta on Lake Peosta 13 50 

Odd Fellows of Iowa 265 00 

Sale of tickets 2,433 35 

Vote upon the flag awarded to Ninth Iowa 340 00 

Flour and wheat sold 403 70 

Sales by auction 1,585 50 

Major-General Curtis 50 00 

Needle Pickets, Quincy 50 00 

Col. Hawkins" lecture at Redwing, Minn 15 50 

Iowa Association of Washington, D. C 330 00 

Total $60,725 74 

Stores not used, but sent direct to the army 25,000 00 

$85,725 74 

Deduct expenses 9,230 90 

Total net $76,494 84 

The greater part of the cask proceeds, or $4:8,348, were sent to the Chicago 
Branch of the Sanitary Commission, a few hundred dollars being retained for 
the use of the Soldiers' Home in Dubuque. 

The contributions of Dubuque may be analyzed as follows : 

DUBUQUE CITY. 

Collection at Congregational 

Church $858 00 

Sale of piano given by the Cath- 
olic Society 

Sale of silver-ware given by the 
Catholic Society 

Collections of one day's income, 
by Mrs. Booth it Miss Bissell. 

Other collections of income. . . . 

Sheffield & Scott 

Key City Mills (premiums) 



$858 00 
711 00 


R. Bonson 

Wm. Westphal 

State Bank, Dubuque Branch 
H. W. Sanford 


$100 00 
100 00 
100 00 
100 00 




F. E. Bissell 


100 00 


son 00 


J Iv Graves . . . . 


100 00 


1,071 70 

180 45 


J. T. Hancock 

Reid ife Murdoch 


100 00 
100 00 
100 00 


150 00 




90 00 


150 00 


Girls' concert 


89 95 



282 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



G. Becker 

W. P. Large 


$75 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
40 


00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 


Stevens & Hooper 

Brackett &, Morse .... 


$25 00 
25 00 


0. Chamberlain 


C. P. Kiuslev & Co. 


25 00 


H. Lowrey 


George Crane 


25 00 


E. A. & J. H. Lull 

Glover & Smock 


Dr. J. C. Lay 

A. Van Pelt &, Co 


25 00 
25 00 


James Levi 

Hon. W. B. Allison 


John "William Smith 

Asa Horr 


25 00 
25 00 


Mial Mason 


Wm. A. Judd 


25 00 


Key City Mills Co 

C. H. Merry 


■\V. H. Peabody 

C. C. Gilman 


25 00 
25 00 


First National Bank, Dubuque.. 


J. X. Waggoner 


25 00 


"Wm. L. Bradlev 


John Bell 

P. C. Sampson, Jr 

J. V. Rider 


25 00 


Major-Gen. llerron 


25 00 


B. B. Provoost 


25 00 


A. Green wald 

H. L. Stout 

John Doud, Jr 


Piatt Smith 

Keller & Cornwell 

J. B. Lane 


25 00 

25 00 

25 00 


G. B. Hamilton 


M. S. Ivobison 


25 00 


W. II. Pvumpf 

John Jackson 

H. Jackman 


Julien House 

James Burt 

W. Becker 


25 00 

25 00 

25 00 


Waller & Christraan 


J. Duncan 

C. J. Cumings 

Sales and other receipts. . . . 


25 00 


0. H. Eighmey 

C. Sadler 


25 00 
, ... 10,893 10 


Total 


. . . $17,359 20 



One excellent, and perhaps unexpected, result attended the Iowa Fair. 
The stipulation had been previously made that the funds raised by it be paid 
into the Chicago Branch of the Sanitary Commission, though the state had 
maintained an independent sanitary organization of its own. The interest 
excited throughout the northern half of the state by the fair, five months of 
incessant labor in its behalf, the attention thus drawn from the state associa- 
tion and fixed upon the national commission, served to alienate the people 
from the one, and attract them to, and identify them with, the other. This 
result, when attained, was looked upon by many lowans who had given their 
labors to the cause, as of greater value than even the $70,000 which was its 
more obvious and immediate ol)jeet. 

" This result," writes Mr. Norris, in his report, " seems small when com- 
pared with the results of the New York or Philadelphia fairs ; but it must 
be recollected that our pojDulation is light, our country new, and our peojjle 
generally poor. If real ability is taken into account, I am satisfied that our 
gift upon this holy altar will be justly regarded as greater tlian that of any 
other fair that has been held for the sanitary cause. As was well remarked by 
President Wiltse, in his opening address, ' No donations have been sanctified 



THE FAIR AT ST. PAUL. 



283 



by greater sacrifices than those made to our fair.' I have been surprised 
by a great many facts connected with its history. Neighborhoods whose 
entire male population, almo.st, had gone to the war, and whose crops have to 
be raised and harvested by the females, have contributed largely to its funds. 
One fanner, who gave twenty dollars, told me that his three boj-s, all he had, 
were in the army, and that his wife would be compelled to drive his reaper 
in the harvest-field, and his daughters assist in binding his grain and in 
securing his harvest. Kossuth County, two hundred miles in the interior, 
gave more than a dollar for every human being residing witliin its limits." 

But Iowa is not the extreme northwest: there is Minnesota, the fairest of 
the younger sisters, and late in November, 1864, the Executive Committee of 
the Minnesota Branch of the Sanitary Commission met in the governor's 
room, at St. Paul. They all declared themselves in favor of holding a 
Soldiers' Fair during the coming winter, in case the eo-operation of the Ladies' 
Branch should be obtained. Tliis having been promised, the fair was organ- 
ized by the appointment of the following ofiieers : 



President, 
H. M. RioE. 

Secretary^ 
J. D. Brown. 



Vice-Pi-esiJcnt, 
W. D. Wasubirne. 

Treasurer, 
J. L. Meriam. 



Executive Committee. 

GENTLEMEN. 

H. M. Rice, G. W. Prescott, 

S. Miller, D. W. Inuersoi.l, 

W. D. Wasiibitrne, J. L. Meriam, 

Charles Soiieffer, J. D. Rrown, 

John A. Peckham, R. Gordon. 



Mrs. OnAs. II. Oakes, 
" Wm. J. Smith, 

" J. M. WlNSLOW, 
" J. 0. BUKBANK, 

" II. TlIO.MRSON, 



Mrs. C. E. Mato, 
" Isaac Marklet, 

" J. II. Stewart, 
" .T. W. Bass, 
Miss Lockwood. 



The fair, it was decided, should open on the 8th of January, the anniver- 
sary of the battle of New Orleans. Tlie Source of the Mississippi, doubtless, 
thought this a clever method of showing its inteiiest in wliat had transpired, in 
by-gone days, at the Mouth. When Minnehalia and the Southwest Pass sym- 
pathize, secession is, of necessity, dead along the course of the stream. 

The Sth of January falling on Sunday, the 9th was celebrated instead. 
The Great Western Band and the Rev. Mr. Pope, Governor Miller and tlie 



284 



TUE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Hon Mr. Wasliburne, the Eev. Mr. Noble, Senator Wilkinson, and the Glee 
Club, took part in the opening ceremonies. To use the terse language of the 
local chronicle upon the first night's experience, "Mozart Hall was a jam." 




There were few of the attractions offered by the fairs in the eastern cities 
that the Minnesotians were not able to present as well. They had, as has 
been said, a Mozart Hall ; they had an art gallery, fish ponds, a refreshment 
room, where meals were served "in the European style;"' there was a post 
office, one hundi-ed and fifty letters arriving by every mail ; an autograph 



ST. PAUL RAFFLES AND VOTES. 285 

table; an elephant in the third story; a giant pig, weighing one liundred 
and fifty pounds when divested of certain attributes, such as bristles and 
skin ; and two swords, to be disposed of by the method that New York has 
made immortal. The first was to be presented to the field-officer, belonging 
to a Minnesota regiment, who should receive the greatest number of votes. 
There were forty such officers eligible — all above the z-ank of colonel being 
excluded — and a list of them was posted near the polls. Governor Miller 
evinced the impartiality becoming the official who had created these forty 
candidates, by voting once apiece for them all. A terrific contest commenced 
at the very outset between the partisans of Colonel Marshall, of the Seventh 
Minnesota, and Lieutenant-Colonel Uline, of the Second. The firemen of St. 
Paul cast one hundred votes for the latter, a former comrade, extins'uishino' 
Colonel Marshall for the time; but he soon blazed forth again, as defiant as 
ever. But the firemen kept 9n voting, and raised a purse for their favorite 
by canvassing the city. The people of Eedwing collected $700, equivalent 
to 2,800 votes, and sent a messenger to make the purchase in the name of 
Colonel Uubbard, of the Fifth ; but being informed that even this expensive 
expression of opinion would not elect their candidate, withheld it. The 
Lieutenant-Colonel won the sword. 

The second sword was to be given to such officer on General Sibley's staff 
as the vote should designate. That mere merit might not sway the voter's 
choice to the exclusion of good looks, photographs of the gentlemen were 
placed where they could not fail to catch the voter's eye. 

The fair closed on the fourth nioht, certain raffles and auctions taking 
place on the fifth day, and the grand sanitary hop on the evening of that day. 
It was thought that the piano raffle must be postponed, perhaps indefinitely, 
as there were two hundred and twenty-five tickets unsold. Three young 
men, however, resolved that the sport should continue, jjurchased and paid 
for the remaining chances, and then calmly awaited the result. Mr. Beebe, a 
gentleman who had bought but one ticket, drew the piano. 

Mr. Fletcher Williams was also fortunate in his appeals to fate, winning a 
silk dress of great price. After recording this event, the local chronicle says : 
"It is immaterial, Fletcher, whether they be stewed or fried." This is a very 
obscure, but we hope not an improper, innuendo. 

The following were the receipts and expenditures: 

Total receipts from all sources $13.50f. 62 

I)e(luct expenses and bad money 4,0.:i0 44 

Net receipts $9,559 18 



286 



THE TEIBUTE BOOK. 




SCENE OF THE SECOND CHICAGO FAIR. 



Early in the year 1865, the ladies of the Northwestern branch of the Com- 
mission determined to hold a second fair in Cliicago ; and though, before the 
preparations were more than half completed, the principal armed forces of the 
rebellion had surrendered, and the country was on the eve of peace, they saw 
no reason to relax their exertions, nor did they believe that the need of the 
sum they hoped to raise was in any degree diminished. There were still fifty 
thousand soldiers in the hospitals ; regiments returning from great distances 
would still require assistance on the route ; and the winding and settling up 
of the affairs of the Commission would consume no small amount of money. 

The fair building proper was erected for the occasion, and covered the 
whole of Dearborn Park. In this was Union Hall, not unlike Union Avenue 
of the Philadelphia fair. Michigan Avenue was inclosed, the entire length of 
the park, and was tiie scene of the liorticultural department — an agreeable 
combination of grottoes, groves, lakes, hills, valleys, waterfalls. The Restau- 
rant and the New England Farm-House were established in the Soldiers' 
Rest. Monitor Hall was the arena of an iron-clad fight, after the manner of 
that so well contested upon the Boston frog-pond, of which more hereafter. 
Hard by was " General Grant," the mammoth ox from Boston, dwelling, as 
was meet, in a structure sacred to himself Bryan Hall was the Department 



THE SECOND CHICAGO FAIR. 287 

of Arms and Trophies ; and in the rear of Bryan Hall was an edifice put up 
especially to serve the purposes of a Gallery of Art. On the corner of Lake 
Street and Wabash Avenne stood the original, veritable Lincoln Log Cabin, 
constructed in })art liy one who was afterwards the sixteenth President of the 
United States. The fair opened on the appointed day, the 30th of May, the 
inaugurating procession occupying thirty minutes in passing a given point. 
Among the opening exercises was the following hymn, by Dr. 0. W. Holmes, 
read by the president of the day : 

O God ! ill danger's darkest lioiir, 

In battle's deadliest field, 
Tliy name has been our nation's tower, 

Thy truth her lielp and shield. 

Our lips should fill the earth with praise. 

Nor pay the debt we owe, 
So high above the songs we raise 

The floods of mercy flow. 

Yet Thou wilt hear the prayer we speak. 

The song of praise we sing, — 
Thy children, who thine altar seek, 

Their grateful gifts to bring. 

Thine altar is the suff'erer's bed, 

The home of woe and pain, 
The soldier's turfy pillow, red 

With battle's crimson rain. 

No smoke of burning stains the air, 

No incense-clouds arise ; 
Thy peaceful servants. Lord, prepare 

A bloodless sacrifice. 

Lo ! for our wounded brothers' need 

We bear the wine and oil ; 
For us they faint, for us they bleed. 

For them our gracious toil. 

O Father, bless the gifts we bring! 

Cause Thou Thy face to shine. 
Till every nation owns her King, 

And all the earth is Thine! 

The orator of the day, Governor Oglesby, made the following referenci- to 
an interesting subject : 

" To the art of war in all future time is to be added the morality of organ- 
ized benevolence. No civilized nation can again go to war that does not carry 
to the field its sanitary stores. No nation can succeed in war that does not 



288 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

provide, in addition to well and humanely regulated hospital accommodations, 
effective voluntary sanitary assistance. Our people have done all this in this 
war, and have done it well. I believe the first great combined co-operative 
effort was organized in the Northwest, and it is fit and appropriate that here 
it should terminate. 

" The object for which these wonderful labors have been chiefly performed 
has substantially passed away. The war is at an end ; the rebellion is over ; 
the Union is saved, and peace is almost generally established throughout the 
countiy. The soldiers of liberty, the brave, noble, scar-worn soldiers are 
returning home, to be citizens again and soldiers no longer ; and as they file 
through the cities, over the mountains, and across the prairies, let the flag of 
the Sanitary Commission wave high before them, and the soldiers' home, the 
great heart of the nation, greet them warmly as they come." 

Omitting, as we have been compelled in many cases to do, an enumeration 
of the tens of thousands of objects contributed, we refer only to those peculiar 
to the occasion. At a stall called the " Department of the Commander-in- 
Chief of the American Eagle," was a specimen of the somewhat rapacious bird 
thus referred to. He had been carried unscathed tlirough the battles of a 
three years' campaign by the Eighth Wisconsin, and, by the sale of his portrait. 
had contributed $15,000 to the sanitary fund up to the day the fair opened. 
The Fort Sumter Kitten, born under the rebel flag, a witness of the restoration 
of the lawful standard, and a willing taker of the oath of allegiance, was also 
to be seen. Its money value was not, of course, to be compared with that 
of the Wisconsin Eagle. The mammoth ox, " General Grant," proved by his 
experience since his second christening, how very much there may be in a 
name. As the Pride of Livingston County, at the New York fair, he had 
been indeed admired as a superb specimen of a short-horned Durham ; but 
how much more intense the adulation since he had been a lieutenant-general ! 
As the Pride, he was to be seen for ten cents ; as the Commander-in-Chief, four 
sights of him only could be had for a dollar. In this capacity, odes were 
written to him, special trains were required for him. He was the big prize 
in monster raffles, and a barbecue was spoken of in which the area of the 
steaks he was to furnish would only be equalled by the depth and richness of 
his gravy. From a sonnet in his praise we take the following majestic lines ; 

All hale! tlion mighty animil, all hale! 
You air 4 thousand pounds, and air purty well 
Popporshoned, thou trenienjus boveen nuggiti 
I wonder how big you was wen you 



GENERAL GRANT AND GENERAL GRANT'S UORSE. 280 

Was little, and if your inotlicr wnd no you, nmv 
Tliat you've grono so bij; ami tliifk and pllat. 
In orl proberbiUity you diinno you're enny 
r>igger than a sniorl karf ; for if you did, 
You'd break down fences and switch your tale 
And move on people's works, and hook and heller 
And run over fovvkes, thou orful beast! 

The live stock department of tlic fair was completed by a horse and a dog, 
the former a Unionist, the latter a rebel ; General Grant's horse, Jack, " well 
known in the Western armies, a fine saddle-horse, very gentle in harness, but 
requiring whip and spur." General Grant had ridden this animal from the 
time of leaving Springfield, on the 3d of July, 1861, till called east, in March, 
1S6-1. The dog was a ferocious bloodhound, and had been used by the prison 
authorities of Richmond for a pui-pose which, for decency's sake, shall not be 
mentioned in these pages. 

The machinery on exhibition was almost infinite in variety — even without 
the efficient little engines which, having been mentioned once, can have no 
second notice. There was a mill that ground every thing that was placed in 
the hopper, and would turn out family flour, Indian meal, pepper, coffee, nut- 
meg even, for those who preferred the process of grinding to that of grating. It 
ground, crushed, cut, cracked, shelled, bolted ; it could be worked by horses, 
by steam, by wind, by water ; it did not get out of order, or, if it did, could 
easily be mended. Then there was a barrel-machine, which, taking the staves 
as furnished by the saw-mill, pointed the edges, dressed the surface of the 
heads, put the various parts together, and finally drove on the hoops. The 
barrels thus made could be filled with flour, meal, or coffee, as above. There 
was a newly invented water-indicator, with a steam alarm, signifying high or 
low water, and preventing explosion ; a pendulum saw, for executing orna- 
mental wood-work , a patent hay-loader — an apparatus which would follow 
the haymakers into a field, and load a ton from the winrow in five minutes. 
There were washing-machines, squeezing, rolling-machines ; indeed, the visitors 
to the West Wing felt that so much could now be done by turning a faucet 
or starting a crank, that the steam negro — that great desideratum — had at last 
been invented ; the mechanical drudge had been patented, and was for sala 
Help could be had without impertinence; there could be no disagreement 
about wages. There need be no fear of receiving a warning, or being an- 
swered back. The field and the mill were provided for ; when would it be 
the kitchen's turn ? 

The success of the ladies of the New England Farm-TIonse may be inferred 

19 



290 TUE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

from a circular issued by tlicrn soon after the commencement of operation?. 
Their stock had given out, and they calk'd for further supplies. The follow- 
in" is a brief list of the articles thus modestly demanded: 

O 

Wheat and rye flour, Indian meal, pork, beans, hams, tongues, poultry, 
corned beef, veal, mutton, &c. ; dried pumpkins, dried fruits, pie-plant, vege- 
tables of all kinds, sage, summer savory, pop-corn, hulled corn, hominy, sor- 
ghum, maple sugar and syrup, butter, cheese, eggs, milk, tea, coffee, sugar, 
cider, vineg:ir, pickles, apple butter, cider apple sauce, chocolate, lard, rice, 
punch-bowls, gourds, skillets, candles, candlesticks, snulfers and trays, and- 
irons, Dutch ovens, mirrors, pictures, samjjlers, tables, curtains, towelling, table 
linen, wooden plates, knives, forks, spoons, trenchers, milk-pans, warming- 
pans, ft-ying-pans, tea and coffee-pots, nipperkins. porringers, stew and bake 
kettles, bean-pots, iron bread-pans, chip baskets, flax, wool, meat-chopjDers, 
chopping-bowls, pie-plates, chairs, crockery of all kinds, old-fashioned glass 
and silver ware, peacock feathers, bellows, old-fashioned clothing of all 
descriptions. 

The destination of several swords, pistols, &c., was decided by vote at 
Chica^'o as elsewhere ; but the idea was modified in one case, so that the vote 
should designate not who should, but who was ; that it should indicate not 
only a prcierence, but an opinion. Who was the prettiest girl in Chicago? 
The authority from which there is no appeal has decided this question in favor 
of Miss Anna L. Wilson ; and we desire to put publicly on record our sense 
of the incompleteness, the unworthiness of this book, which, with one hundred 
and fifty pictures, does not contain that of the Beauty of the West. 

The sanitary raffle underwent a change in Chicago, as did the sanitai-y 
vote. The tickets were put into the wheel, but it was not always the first 
number drawn which won. On the contrary, it was the last, in certain cases ; 
the object being to augment the interest, and thus perhaps stimulate the pur- 
chase of tickets in other rafiles. A salamander, burglar-proof i»lar safe was 
thus disposed of There were two hundred tickets at $5 each, and the safest 
was the two hundredth. 

But why attempt to enumerate the numberless, or to begin what we can- 
not end, the infinite ? We may not name the items, but we may at least 
speak in flattering terms of the magnificent whole. Aggregates carry heavier 
metal, and produce a profounder impression than the component parts, be their 
number what it may. Atoms, invisible, inappreciable in themselves, have 
each their own value in the lump. 

The total receipts, therefore, of the fair were over $325,000, leaving about 



FAREWELL OF THE SANITARY COMMISSION. 291 

$300,000 after the expenses were paid. This was not as much as had been 
expected ; but it was inevitable that the close of the war should diminish botli 
the interest felt in and the effort made for the success of the enterprise. Chi- 
cago was the scene of the first and the last of the great sanitary fairs ; the 
cycle had been completed, and the Samaritan had twice set up his tent in the 
same great city. There were no Confederate States when the curtain was 
dropped, and peace reigned throughout the land when the auctioneer laid 
down his hammer. The last ticket sold was a walking-ticket — and we all 
know who walked ; a ticket of leave — and no one need ask who left. 

A fliir — not one of the series which has tluis for been our theme, but a 
distinct effort, with a special object — was held in Milwaukee in June and July, 
1865. The purpose was ti_i olitain the necessary funds for building and en- 
dowing a soldiers' home for the State of Wisconsin, and, in its proper place, 
we shall make record of its success. 

In July, the officers of the Sanitary Commission issued a farewell circular 
to its branches and aid societies, from which we take the following passages: 

" Your volunteer work has had all the regularity of paid labor. In a 
sense of responsibility, in system, in patient persistency, in attention to weari- 
some details, in a victory over the fickleness which commonly besets the 
work of volunteers, you have rivalled the discipline, the patience and cour- 
age, of soldiers in the field — soldiers enlisted for the war. Nor do we suppose 
that you, who have controlled and inspired our branches, and with whom it 
has been our happiness to be brought into jiersonal contact, are, because act- 
ing in a larger sphere, more worthy of our thanks and respect than the women 
who have maintained our village soldiers' aid societies. Through you we 
have heard the same glowing and tear-moving tales of the sacrifices made by 
humble homes and hands in behalf of our work, wkich "we so often hear from 
their comrades of jjrivates in the field, who, throughout the war, have often 
won the laurels their officers have worn, and have been animated by motives 
of pure patriotism, unmixed with hope of promotion, or desire for recognition 
or praise, to give their blood and their lives for the country of their hearts. 

" To you and through you to the soldiers' aid societies, and through them 
to each and every contributor to our supplies, to every woman who has sowed 
a seam or knitted a stocking in the service of the Sanitary Commission, we 
now return our most sincere and hearty thanks — thanks which are not ours 
oul}^, but those of the camps, the hospitals, the transports, the prisons, the 
pickets, and the lines, where j'our love and labor have sent comfort, protec- 
tioUj relief, and sometimes life itself. It is not too much to say, that the 



292 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

army of women at home has fully matched, in patriotism and sacrifices, the 
army of men in the field. The mothers, sisters, wives and daughters of 
America have been worthy of the sons and brothers, husbands and fathers, 
who were fighting their battles. After having contributed their living treas- 
ures to the war, what wonder that they sent so freely after them ail else that 
they had ? And this precious sympathy between the fire-sides and the camp- 
fires, between the bayonet and the needle, the tanned cheek and the pale face, 
has kept the nation one ; has carried the homes into the ranks, and kept the 
ranks in the homes, until a sentiment of oneness, of irresistible unanimity, 
in which domestic and social, civil and religious, political and military ele- 
ments entered, qualifying, strengthening, enriching and sanctifying all, has at 
last conquered all obstacles, and given us an overwhelming, a profound, and a 
permanent victory. 

" It has been our precious privilege to be your almoners, to manage and 
distribute the stores you have created and given us for the soldiers and 
sailors. We have tried to do our duty impartially, diligently, wisely. For 
the means of carrying on this vast work, which has grown up in our hands, 
keeping pace with the growing immensity of the war, and which we are now 
about to lay down, after giving the American public an account of our stew- 
ardship, we are chiefly indebted to the money created by the fairs which 
American women inaugurated and conducted, and to the supjilics collected by 
you under our organization. To j'ou, then, is finally due the largest part of 
whatever gratitude belongs to the Sanitary Commission. It is as it should be. 
The soldier will return to his home to thank Ids wife, mother, sister, daugh- 
ter, for so tenderly looking after him in camp and field, in hosi^ital and jirison. 
,\.nd thus it will be seen that it is the homes of the country which have 
wrought out this great salvation, and that the men and women of America 
have an equal part in its glory and its joy. Invoking the blessings of God 
upon you all, we are, gratefully and proudly, your fellow-laborers, &c., &c.'' 

We have done, therefore, with the Sanitary Commission ; we have shown, 
at length, how its means were obtained, and, in brief, how they were ex- 
pended. Now we cross the Mississippi River, leaving the presidency of Dr. 
Bellows for that of Mr. Yeatman. We arc under the hospital flag of the 
Western Sanitary Commission. 



CHAPTER VII. 




f -^- EFORE adequate prejiaratioii liad been made for such a 
contingency west of the Mississippi, the war brolce out 
suddenly in Missouri. Tiie organization of the Western 
Sanitary Commission, as a body totally distinct from 
and independent of the United States Sanitary Commis- 
sion, was rendered necessary by this fact, and by the 
severity of the battles fought there in the summer and fall of 18(51. The 
bloody engagements of Booneville, Dug Spring, Carthage, and Wilson's Creek 
occurred before measures had been taken to care for the sielc and wounded 
in any portion of the state. Tlie men were brought in ambulances and 
wagons from the field to Holla, and thence by rail to St. Louis. The first 
hundred were taken to the ''New House of Refuge Hospital," where bare 



294 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

walls, damp floors, and an emjDty kitchen received them. Cooked food was, 
after some delay, obtained from the neighbors, and every thing was done that 
the means at hand permitted. Long trains of wounded men continued tu ar- 
rive, many of them wearing the clothes in which they had been stricken down 
three weeks before, others sufl'ering from unextracted bullets. There was no 
room for them in the hospitals, there was no clothing to substitute for their 
blood-stained garments, there were no convenient stores of food and medicine, 
there was no surgical corps, no preparation in any department, so unexpected 
was the call. It was at this juncture that the Western Sanitary Commission 
sprang into existence, its first labors being spontaneous, and almost without 
concert. 

On tlie 5th of September General Fremont, then in St. Louis, issued an 
order creating the commission, and appointing its officers. Its duties were 
thus defined : " Its general object shall be to carry out, under the properly 
constituted military authorities, such sanitary regulations and reforms as the 
well-being of the soldiers demands. It shall have power to select, fit up, and 
furnish suitable buildings for hospitals. It shall attend to the appointment 
of women nurses, under tlie direction of Miss D. L. Dix. It shall have 
authority to visit the different camps, and to aid the officers in providing 
proper means for the preservation of health and prevention of sickness, by 
supplying wholesome and well-cooked food, and by introducing a good system 
of drainage. It will obtain from the community at large such additional 
means of increasing the comfort, and ]iromoting the moral and social welfare 
of the men, as cannot be furnished by government regulations. 

" This commission is not intended to interfere in any way with the medical 
staff, but to co-operate with it. It will consist, for the present, of James E. 
Yeatman, C. S. Greeley, J. B. Johnson, M. D., George Partridge, and the Rev. 
Wm. G. Eliot, D. D.'^ 

Thus constituted, the "Western Sanitary Commission commenced its labors, 
the first work being the fitting up, in St. Louis, of a large five-story building 
as a "General Hospital," which was rapidly filled with patients. The siege 
of Lexington and the pursuit of Price threw many more wounded men upon 
the St. Louis authorities, and five more hospitals were at once made ready for 
their accommodation. The first hospital cars used in America, with berths, 
nurses, cooking facilities, &c., were built, at this period, by oi-der of General 
Fremont. 

The proportions now assumed by the war in the west naturally augmented 
the labors and enlarged the sphere of action of the commission. Late in 



THE WESTEliN SANITARY COMMISSION. 295 

December, 20,000 troojjs were encamped at Benton Barracks, and ten men in 
every hundred were sick with measles, typhoid fever, or diarrha?a. The 
camps at RolLa, Tipton, Sedalia, and Jefferson City, were in a condition even 
worse. The tents were badly ventilated, the liospitals crowded, the soldiers 
inexperienced, not yet inured to hai-dship, and cai'cless of all sanitary and 
police regulations. The army medical supply table was found utterly inade- 
quate, and the calls upon the commission for medicines, for clothing, and 
delicate food for the sick, were incessant. Large issues were made of blankets, 
sheets, pillows, slippers, socks, wrappers, shirts, drawers, bandages, lint, canned 
fruit, jellies, stimulants, <kc., &c. At the beginning of the new year, four 
months after the organization of the commission, it had received, from the 
public at large, over 525 boxes of goods, and distributed 15,000 articles. 

The women of St. Louis were, like their countrywomen everywhere, fore- 
most in the charitable labor of ministering to the sick. "They met daily," to 
quote a history of the commission, "at the rooms of the 'Ladies' Union Aid' 
and of the 'Fremont Relief societies, cut out hosjjital garments, gave employ- 
ment and assistance to soldiers' wives, visited the sick, read to the soldiers 
from the good book, conversed at their bedsides, gave them consolation and 
symjjathy." Two sisters from Philadelphia are mentioned, who spent the 
whole winter in these ministrations of love. These ladies were not always 
rewarded by thanks alone, nor were these always offered in j^rose. Witness 
the followinEf lines: 

o 

"From old Saint Paul till now. 
Of lionorable women not a few 
Have left tlieir golden ease to do 
The saintly work which Christ-like hearts pursue. 

"When peace shall come, and homes shall smile again, 
A tliousand soldier-hearts in nortliern climes 
Shall tell tlieir little children, in tlieir rhymes. 
Of the sweet saints wlio blessed the old war times." 

A suggestion having been made to the commission that a steamboat 
might be fitted up and used to advantage as a hospital, the idea was acted upon 
in March, the government chartering the " City of Louisiana," and furnishing 
her with bedding, the commission completing her outfit at an expense of 
$3,000, and providing the assistant surgeons, the apothecary, the nurses, and 
the sanitary stores. This boat conveyed nearly 3,500 patients from the 
battle-field of Pittsburgh Landing to northern hospitals, and was, soon after, 
purchased by the government and remodelled for a permanent floating 



296 



THE TEIBUTE BOOK. 



liosjjital. Her name was changed to the " R. C. Ward," in honor of the Assistant 
Surgeon-General, the first regular arnij surgeon to give his approval to the 
phm of a Sanitaiy Commission. TIjc immense service rentlei-ed hy this l>oat 
led to the fitting out of many others, and the wounded soldier can nowhere 
obtain better accommodation than on board of a hospital steamer. It has all 



■;t!|^f--*4B 



\ 



'% ■ ^ifitii 




MlSSISSU'l-l RlVKi; UCSPITAL STEA-MEP.. 



the appliances of a hosjiital on shore, with much better ventilation ; and in 
the heat of summer, wlien there is no wind, it can create a breeze for itself by 
simply setting its paddles in motion ; and by constantly changing the scene, 
and giving its inmates a view of the rapidly shifting river or harbor scenery, 
occupy their minds, and perhaps chase away a portion of their pains. 

The terrible battle of Pea Ridye found the supplies of the commission 
ready and waiting. What would have been the suffering without them, in a 
country thinly settled, the few inhabitants dwelling in log huts and barely 
possessing the necessaries of life, can hardly be imagined. A thousand 
badly wounded men of the Union army and seven hundred of the rebels 
were cared for, and even fed, by the commis.sion. "Among the incidents of 
the battle worthy of mention were the labors of Mrs. Phelps, who had accom- 
panied her husband. Colonel John S. Phelps, with his regiment, to the field. 
While the battle was yet raging, this heroic woman assisted in the care of 
the wounded ; tore up her garments for bandages, dressed their wounds, 
made broth for them with her own hands, remaining with them as long as 
there was any thing to do, and givinsr, not onlv words, but deeds as well, of 



SOLDIERS' HOMES. 2U7 

substantial kindness and sympathy. Wherever the cause of our National 
Union and its perils shall be known, ' this that tliis woman hath done shall 
be remembered as a memorial of her.' " 

Early in March, 18(32, the commission established a Soldiers' Home for 
discharged and furlonghed soldiers passing through the city, giving them 
food and lodging gratuitously, saving them from extortion and the dangerous 
associations of the cheap lodging-houses. During its two first years it enter- 
tained twenty-one thousand soldiers, furnishing them eighty-six thousand 
meals; the exjiense to the commission was about $3,000 a year, the govern- 
ment giving about $2,000 woith of I'ations and fuel besides. Iii the holiday 
season chickens and turkeys were added to the usual bill of fore ; this, how- 
ever, included, at all seasons, butter, vegetables, milk, dried and canned fruits, 
and tomatoes. Books, newspapers, and religious reading were provided, thus 
often preventing the men from roaming through the city in search of amuse- 
ment or adventure. Miss A. L. Ostram was, for a time, matron of the Home, 
but was afterwards transferred to the large establishment at Memphis. 

Upon the subject of Soldiers' Homes, Mr. Peabody, tlie superintendent 
of that of St. Louis, makes the following remarks: "They have contributed 
not a little to saving men to the service, as well as rescuing them fi'om death. 
In prosecuting their wars, the ancients had no hospital trains or medical staff 
in attendance on their armies. The sick and wounded were left behind to die. 
In these times, and in our unhappy struggle, the soldiers are tenderly cared 
for, not only by the medical department of the army, but by thousands of 
patriotic hands, working systematically, through thoroughly organized chan- 
nels, which often reach far beyond the routine of the service. The future 
historian will be able to show that the very small pier cent, of loss in our 
armies, as compared with that in modern European wars, is to be attributed 
largely to what the people themselves have done through organized voluiitary 
labors in behalf of tlie troops." 

In April, 1S62, the commission offered a series of rewards, to be paid in 
gold, in order to stimulate emulation among the stewards, ward-masters, and 
nurses in the hospitals: twenty -five dollars to the steward of the best kept of 
the larger institutions, fifteen dollars to the smaller; ten and eight dollars for 
cleanliness in the wards, and twenty-five and fifteen dollars for good, whole- 
some work in the kitchen. The result of this experiment was highly satisfac- 
tory, .$24o being distributed among some thirty-five persons in July. 

The sanguinary battle of Shiloh was fought in April, and the labors of the 
commission and the drain upon its resources were largely augmented. Still 



298 



THE TRIBUTE liOOK. 



every apjieal was answered, and during the first eight months of its existence 
tlie commission had received nine hundred and eighty-five cases of goods 
from eigliteen states: Massachusetts sending two liundred and twenty-three, 
Illinois one hundred and thirty-two, Wisconsin seventy-four, Ehode Island 
sixty-nine, Pennsylvania sixty-three, Missouri sixty-one, &c. The articles 
distributed numbered neaily two hundred thousand. 




BOLT irr 11 Mb AT Ml- -^ 



A Home was opened in Memphis early in 1S63. The large edifice for- 
merly known as the Hunt Mansion, and belonging to a wealthy jilantcr, who 
was at this time a colonel in the i-ebel army, was taken for the purjiose. 
Wm. E. Hunt had spent $-iO,000 in building and ornamenting the house and 
grounds, little dreaming to what object he was so generously contributing. 
It had at first been Gen. Grant's hcad-quartei'S, and afterwards those of Gen. 
Hamilton, who turned it over to the commission, as confiscated property. 
The Memphis Home speedily became one of the most perfect establishments 
of the kind in the country. Besides the regular guests, the wives, mothers, 
and sisters of the sick and wounded soldiers were often entertained, and mem- 
bers of the Christian Commission welcomed to its hospitality. 

The attention of the Western Commission had been called, in December, 
1862, to the situation of the frecdmen at Helena. Three or four thousand of 



THE WESTERN COMMISSION AND THE FREEDMEN. 299 

them, men, women, and children, were huddled together in cast-oft' army 
tents, in caves and huts of brush, in a spot in the rear of the town called Camp 
Ethiopia. The men had worked upon the fortifications, had been employed 
as stevedores, teamsters, wood-choppers, and grave-diggers, but proper pay- 
rolls had not been kept and they had received no compensation. Some who 
had ventured to ask for it had been ruthlessly shot. In January, 18G3, the 
commission sent Miss Maria Mann to their relief, with stoves, furniture, hos- 
pital stores, clothing, &c. Their sufferings were thus somewhat mitigated, 
and soon afterwards the policy of the government toward them was changed. 
The able bodied among them were organized into regiments, and army 
surgeons were detailed to attend them. Camp Ethiopia furnished the First 
Arkansas Colored Infantiy, and excellent fighting material was subsequently 
obtained in similar congregations of emancipated slaves. 

Mr. Yeatnian, the President of the Commission, made a journey down the 
Mississippi River, to ascertain and to report upon the condition of the freed- 
men there, thinking that it might be well to assume the labor of relieving 
them as an incidental portion of his work. The journey was made and the 
report published. Mr. Yeatman found foi-ty thousand enfranchised slaves 
assembled in camps, in various degrees of poverty and misery. Missionaries 
and teachers were among them doing some good, but laboring without sy.stem 
or co-operation. The freedmen were -working for the government virtually 
without pay, and were wronged and imposed upon in every way ; they were 
worse off than in slavery, feeling that they had merely exchanged one master 
for many masters. The publicity given to these terrible facts in Mr Yeatman's 
rejiort riveted public attention, and l.)eforc long National Ereedmen's Relief 
Associations were formed in New York, Chicago, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, 
and relations were at once established between the commission and them — 
Mr. Yeatman and his colleagues becoming the almoners of a portion of their 
bounty. We shall speak of these societies in the proper place. It is proper to 
say that, at the commencement of the attempts to relieve the freedmen, Chap- 
lain Fisher was detailed by Gen. Schofield, who had succeeded Gen. Fre- 
mont, to visit New England, to state the case, and make an apjieal for aid. 
He went, spoke, and was heard. He returned with $30,000 wortli of shoes, 
clothing, and clothing materials, and $13,000 in money, obtained in Boston, 
Salem, and the neighboring towns. 

In regard to the funds upon which the Western Commissioit has drawn 
there are many curious facts, and some of them are pointedly stated in the 
North American Review, from which we make the following extract : 



300 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

"In one respert — we mean tlie sources of receipts and tlie manner of their 
collection — the experience of the Western Sanitary Commission has been 
remarkable, if not jieculiar. It sprang from sudden exigency for relief of 
suffering, without oj^portunity to count the cost either of labor or money 
involved. At its first meeting its members, a half-dozen in numlier, agreed to 
advance the small amount needed for office expenses, and to do without a 
clerk. Tliey put notices in the St. Louis papers asking contributions, and 
sent a few lines to the Boston Transcript, requesting New England women to 
send ' knit woolen socks.' Similar notices or appeals have been published 
from time to time, about once in six months, ever since. This has been the 
whole machinery of collection from first to last. There have been no auxiliary 
societies, no collections, no systematic means of replenishing the treasury 
whatever. Once, however, in Boston, in Januai-y, 1863, a number of gen- 
tlemen took the matter in hand, and in a fortnight's time $35,000 was paid 
to Richard C. Greenleaf, who acted as Treasurer, and was forwarded to St. 
Louis. 

"A similar action was also recently taken in St. Louis, and during the 
'frozen week' of last January, with the thermometer ranging from twenty 
degrees below zero to two degrees above, the sum of nearly $30,000 was 
collected. For the rest, whatever has come has been obtained by strictly 
individual action, without concert or definite plan. Perhaps one further 
exception should be made of a New England lady,* who in the beginning of 
the war, set apart a room in her house as the ' Missouri Room," and, letting all 
her friends know of this convenient method of sending articles to St. Louis as 
fast as boxes could be filled up, she has received and forwarded goods to the 
amount of $17,000, and in cash nearly as much more. Beyond this the com- 
mission at St Louis knows notliing of the modus operandi, or the moving 
causes, to which it is indebted for the continued, uninterrupted stream of gifts 
by which its warehouses have been kept full and its treasury replenished. 
It has been a spontaneous and self-directing movement. No better proof 
could be given of tlie closeness of the ties which bind our people together 
than tliis cordial .sympathy and almost unsolicited generosity, which make for 
themselves channels to flow in, and only ask that their gifts may be freely 
used. Boston alone has sent over $200,000 ; New England, $500,000. The 
golden rule, to do as you would be done by, thus practised, will bind the East 
and West together in bonds that no secession or rebellion will ever disturb 
again. At this moment no two cities are nearer each other tlian St. Louis 
and Boston ; no two states, than Missouri and Ma=:sachusetts."' 

* Mrs. Tbomas Lauil). 



A BOSTON SUBSCRIPTION LIST. 



301 



We give the list of Boston subscribers to the St. Louis Commission as a 
specimen of a class of contributions to which we have as yet hardly referred. 
The donors were perfectly aware, at the time of signing their names, that imt 
one dollar of their money, not one comfort purcliased with it, would cvei' 
reach a Massacliusetts or New England soldier, and in this lay the exceptional 
nature of the fund. It contrasts violently with sentiments entertained else- 
where, which have been mentioned — with tlie resolution passed at Mossville, 
for instance, "that Mossville money should reach Mossville soldiers.'' The 
Boston-St. Louis list is as follows: 



SUBSCRIPTIONS TO THE ^yESTERX SANITARY COMMISSION, 
BOSTON, 18U2-G3. 



J. C. IIowo A- Co 

Gov. Aiidivw (tVcim private t'liii 

plaoeil in liis IkukU) 

Mrs. N. I. Buwditfh 


. . $1,000 III 
.Is 

. . 1,000 1 
. . I,0ll0 00 


Wni. Stui'iris 


800 00 


C. F. Ilovey & Co 

J. M. Foi-bes 

•T. M. Bccbe & Co 


500 00 
500 00 
500 00 


Gai-diiei- Colby 

Daniel Pennv 


500 00 
500 00 


Navlor & Co 


500 00 


Natlianiel Thaver 


500 00 


David Sear.s 

F. Skinner & Co 

Natlianiel Francis 


500 00 
500 00 
300 00 


Moses Williams 


300 00 


Oakes, Ames & Son . 


300 GO 


lasifii, Goddard & Co 


300 00 


.James Lawrence 

P. C. Brooks 


250 00 

250 00 


Martin Brimmer. . . . 


250 Oil 


Faulkner, Kimball & Co 

J. L. Little & Co 

Jordan, Marsli & Co 


250 00 
250 00 
250 00 


Joel riayden 

Hon. Samuel II(io[}er 

H. P. Kidder 


250 00 
250 00 
250 00 


G. Howland Shaw 


250 00 


.\lbert Fearing 


250 00 


D. N. Spooner 


20U 00 


J. Ilnntiiifrton Wolcott 

Wm. .\morv 


200 00 
200 00 


J. L. Gardner 


200 00 


W. Ropes i& Co 


200 00 


Gardner Brewer 


200 00 


Spra^'ue, Soule & Co 


200 00 



(ieoriie Howe $200 00 

T. .NLindell iOO Oo 

Miss M. A. Wales 200 OO 

C. W. Cartwright 200 OO 

Foster & Taylor 200 00 

W. F. Weld & Co 150 00 

Samuel Johnson 150 Oil 

John C. Dalton 150 OO 

Chandler & Co.. 100 On 

W. P. Pierce loii 0!i 

"W. S. BuUard loo in 

C. A. Baboock lOo lu 

Theodore Matchett, Brijrht.m . . imi on 

W. B. Spooner liiii on 

Sewall, Day & Co 100 00 

II. IL Ilunnewell 100 00 

W. H. Gardner liio iiii 

G. M. Barnard loii iiii 

J. M. Barnard 100 00 

James McGregor 100 00 

Miss J. Mason 100 00 

Jacob Bigelow 100 on 

James Parker liiO on 

Miss Ablia Loring inii (in 

Abbott Lawrence 100 On 

W. W. Churchill inn no 

Little, Brown & Co 100 00 

T. JetlVrson Coolidge 100 00 

J. S. Farlow 100 On 

Mrs. Heard. Watertown 100 On 

Dr. Geo. Ilayward 100 00 

Oliver Ditson 100 On 

R. W. Hooper 100 on 

Mrs. C. Hooper 100 On 

Miss E. IIooi)er 100 On 

Bigehnv Brothers A- Kennard.. 100 mi 



302 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Miss C. M. Ad.'iins SfKiO 00 

Charles Aumvy 1 00 do 

J. G. Ciishiiig ]00 00 

H. P. Sturgis 1 no 00 

Win. Parsons 100 00 

J!. F. Reed 100 00 

Ahny, Patterson & Co 100 00 

Hogg, Brown & Taylcn- 100 00 

Burrage Brothers .fc e'o loO 00 

-John Borland 100 00 

Geo. W. "Wales 100 00 

Otis, Daniell & Co 1 00 00 

Grant, Warren & Co 100 oo 

A Friend 100 00 

A. Clatlin & Co 100 00 

W. Claflin & Co 100 00 

Joshua Stetson 1 00 00 

.Joseph S. Fay 100 00 

A. Wilkinson 100 00 

Mrs. Sally Blake 100 00 

Thaddens Xichuls 100 00 

Augustus Lowell loo 00 

Chas. G. I.oring 100 00 

Israel "Whitney 1 00 00 

Benj. Burgess lOo oo 

W. Perkins 100 00 

Friend in Windsor Locks, Conn. 100 00 

J. W. Brooks 100 00 

.Mrs. S. AVheehvright 100 OO 

John A. Blanchard 100 OO 

Ehsha Atkins 100 00 

Nash, Spaulding & Co loO 00 

Glidden & Williams 100 oO 

Samuel Caliot .;..., 100 00 

Geo. P. U|iham 100 00 

John Duff. 100 00 

Quincy A. Shaw 100 00 

Wm. Hilton & Co 100 00 

Wilson, Hamilton & Co 100 00 

Mudge, Sawyer & Co 1 00 00 

James Ilaughton 100 00 

J. Field 100 00 

Alpheus Hardy 100 00 

Geo. S. Holmes 100 00 

AV. T. Andrews 100 00 

Ellis, Newell & Co 100 00 

Mrs. L. B. Merriani 100 00 

11. F. Durant 100 00 

P. B. Brigliam 100 00 

B. S. Roteh 100 00 

yf. p. Mason 100 00 



Burr Brothers & Co $100 CO 

Miss Sarah B. Pratt 100 00 

Parker, Wilder & Co 100 00 

John Gardner 100 00 

"William Bramhall 100 00 

J. R. Hall 100 00 

"W. D. Piekmaii. Salem 100 00 

John Bertram, •■ 100 00 

Richard S. Rogers, '■ 100 00 

Francis Peahody. - 100 00 

George Peahody, " 100 00 

John C. Lee, " 100 00 

"William Munroe, Boston 100 Oo 

.Vnderson, Sargent & Co 100 00 

John II. Reed 100 00 

A. G. Farwell iS: Co 100 00 

Samuel A. Way 100 00 

C. P. Curtis 100 00 

Joseph Dix & Co 100 00 

I). Vi'. "Williams 100 00 

Ladies of Fitohburg 100 00 

E. R. Mudge 100 00 

Henry Callender 100 00 

P. C. Brooks 100 00 

Mrs. J(ihn Heard 100 00 

Sewall, Day & Co 100 00 

Margaret B. Blanchard. Harvard 100 00 

H. P. Kidder 100 00 

Joseph B. Glover 100 00 

Geo. W. Colburn 75 00 

John Ilomans, M. D 75 Oo 

John Felt Osgood 75 00 

J. C. Iloadley, New Bedford. . . 50 00 

George Bemis 50 00 

Rev. F. A. Whitney, Brighton.. 50 00 

Geo. H. Kuhn 50 00 

Geo. S. Winslow 50 00 

Francis Bacon 50 00 

C. H. Warren 50 00 

W. S.Eaton 50 00 

John C. Gray 50 00 

E. L. Perkins 50 00 

Mrs. James McGregor 50 00 

Chas. E. Ware 50 00 

N. C. Keep. M. D 50 00 

G. D. Wells 50 00 

John Simmons 50 00 

Burr, Brown & Co 50 00 

Geo. C. Shattuck 50 00 

Mrs. N. Hooper 50 00 

Miss M. I. Hooper 50 00 



THE 



S. T. Moi-si' 

J. S. Amoi'v 

Geo. A. Gardner. . . . 

Josiah Quiiioy 

Isaac Tliatoliei' 

James Davis 

J. Ainory Davis 

Franklin Haven 

G. W. Lyman 

F. H. Stoi-y 

Fisher & Cliapin 

Sidney Biirtlett 

P. T. Jackson 

Geo. B. Emerson .... 

Amos W. Stetson .... 

Lydia Jackson 

C. W. Loring 

Potter, Nnte, Wljite ife liayley 

James Hayward 

Smith Brotliers & Co 

Mrs. A. I. Hall 

r. S. Nichols 

Joseph Simes 

Isaac Sweetser 

Henry Lee 

Geo. B. Gary 

E. A. Boardman 

Frothingli.un & Co 

W. W. Tncker 

C. C. Chadwick 

Wright & Wliitman 

Clafliii, Savilk- & Co. . . . 

May & Co 

Horatio Harris 

Edward Atkinson 

J. B. Glover 

H. S. Richardson 

Josiah Stickney 

E. D. Peters it Co 

Stephen Tilton & Co.. . . 

J. H. Beal 

Marshall Keyos 

Aaron D. Weld 

N. Harris 

Robert Brookluinse. Salei 

Mrs. Henry I). Cole, '• 

Mrs. C. Salton-tall. 

Mrs. Lucy B. Johnson, " 

Z. F. Silfsbee, 

J. S. Cabot, 

L. B. Harrington, " 



WESTEK.V SA> 

$50 00 


;iTAUV COMMISSIOxX. 

Miss Hannah Hodges, Salem . . . 

J. C. Tyler ^V Co 

E. S. Rand, Newburyport 

E. S. Rand, Boston 

J. L. Gardner, Jr 

Thomas F. Cnshing 


303 

i?50 Oil 
oil no 

50 (Ml 


50 00 

50 00 


50 00 

.... 50 Oil 


5u (10 
50 00 


50 00 


50 00 


50 00 


Ilenrv Dphani 


50 (10 


50 00 


Chas. Stoddard 


50 (III 


50 00 


5(1 On 


50 00 


E. Williams & Co 


50 00 


50 00 


riuiiier ct Co 


50 0(1 


50 00 

50 00 


Rice it Davis 


50 0(1 
50 0(1 


50 00 


John Jeffries, Jr 

Hart, Baldwin & Botiime 

Augustus Story, Salem 

lleiirv Callender 


50 00 


50 00 


50 (HI 


50 00 


50 0(1 


50 00 


50 0(1 


dey. . 50 00 

50 00 

50 00 


Mrs. Chas. F. Ilovev 


50 00 


A. A. Lawrence 

Wm. Bellamv ... . . 


50 Oo 
50 00 


50 00 

50 00 


Henry A. P. Carter 

Miss Loring 

Joseph H. Thayer 


50 00 
5(1 UO 


50 00 


50 O'l 


.... 50 110 


W. B. Spooner 

James Parker 

Emily M. Adams 

Geo. S. Winslow 

Thomas Bultinch 


5(1 (III 


50 00 


50 00 


50 00 

... 50 00 
50 00 


50 00 
50 (10 
50 00 


50 00 


E. L. Perkins 


50 00 


50 00 


Mrs. SamT Hall, Jr 

Col. J. W. Sever 


50 (III 


... 50 00 


50 (111 


50 00 


Mrs. John Heard, hospital stores 

Thomas J. Lee 

Miss Richardson 


50 00 


50 00 


50 01 


50 00 


OO 00 


50 00 


J. Randolph Coolldge 

Williams &. Everett. ]inici'eds ot' 
e.\hiliitionof Sign of Promise. 

Jos. (ireeley 

J. F. Edniauds 

C H. Cummin"s 


.jO 00 


50 on 




50 00 
50 00 


80 4r, 
so 00 


50 00 


30 (10 


50 00 


3(1 0(1 


50 00 


Samuel Gould 

A B Almon Salem 


i;5 1 


50 00 


25 00 


50 00 


Shreve, Stanwocd & Co 

Mrs. Jidin C. Daltmi 


25 00 


50 00 


25 00 


50 00 


Mrs. W. H. (loodwiii 


25 00 


50 00 

50 00 

50 00 


Robert C. Winthrop 

I. I). Farnsworth 


25 0(1 
25 00 

25 Oo 


50 00 


Geo. W. Tilden 


".■) 00 


.50 00 

50 00 


E. Townsend 

Sdas Potter 


25 On 
25 00 



304 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



F. A. Ilawley & Co 

■Josiilli Qiiiucy, Jr 

The Misses yniiicy 

Alex. Strong & Co 

.John Ware 

John Cuniiiiings, Jr 

Charles Choate 

James Maguire 

Will. II. Dunbar 

Stone, Wood & Co 

Eastman, Fellows i^- Week; 

Edward Craft 

Amos Cununiiigs. ...... 

J. C. Converse &. Vn 

Maguire & Camiibell 

Tappan, McBurney & Co . 

II. Montgomery 

Rev. 0. Bartol 

Mrs. M. i:. Wendell 



i?2.j 00 
2.5 00 
25 UO 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 Oo 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 



C. O. Whitmore 

C. C. Gilbert 

Palmer & Bachelders 

E. M. Welch 

Mrs. Welch 

Mrs. Louisa Peabody 

Mrs. C. G. Loring 

Baldwin & Curry 

Mr.s. O. W. Holmes 

J. S. Lovering 

Mrs. F. A. Sawyer 

Franklin Evans 

Ri|)ley Ropes 

Jacob A. Dresser 

Sums under $25, those given 
anonymously, and contribu- 
tions of stores 



$25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 
25 00 



1,726 00 



Total $:)i,511 45 



Before the wliole of tliis sum had been received, Mr. 'i'eatman issued a 
circular of thank.-^ to the contributors, in which occurred tlie following lan- 
guage : 

" The munificent liberality with which our appeals have been met in Bos- 
ton and vicinity has surprised and delighted us. It has laid us under a debt 
of obligation which we ha\e no way of returning, except by faithful perform- 
ance of the duties imposed upon us, and we believe this is the only return 
you desire. The whole amount we have received from New England, since 
our commission was organized, eighteen months ago, to this date, is about 
$55,000 in money, and, by moderate estimation of the cost of articles sent 
foi- hospital use, fully $100,000 in goods. This has come almost unsolicited 
from thousands of contributors, in small sums and large — from churches and 
schools and charitable associations — from chihlren of five years old and from 
aged women of fourscore years. God bless them ! whose work has been sent 
to us with words of benediction and encouragement to 'the brave Western 
boys.' This docs not look like separation or divided feeling between the 
East and the West ! The blood which flows so warmly from the heart 
diffuses its glow to tlie remotest extremity. 

" We are One Country, in all our interests and affections. Momentary 
estrangements may occur, l)Ut returning good sense quickly allays them. Wo 
are members one of another. There is no East and no West ; may the time 
soon come, as by God's blessing it must, when we can again sa}-, 'There is no 
North and no South !"' 



THE MlSSISSli'i'l VALLEY FAIR. 305 

Up to the time of holding the Mississippi Valley Fair, in May, 1864, the 
Western Sanitary Commission had received $275,000 in money, $50,000 of 
which was fi'om Massachusetts, and $50,000 fi'oni California; wiiile the stores 
and goods contributed from the same states, and by ladies' and soldiers' aid 
societies from Maine to Minnesota, amounted in value to more than a million 
and a quarter. The commission had, up to the same date, made the following 
issues of articles : 

To tlie western armies 985,984 

" the western navy 28,838 

" freedmen 80,50.5 

" Union refugees 5,848 

Total 1,101,175 

It now became necessary to take measures for replenishing the treasuiy 
of the comm'ssion. None of the fairs held in the large cities of the east, nor, 
strange to say, either that of Chicago or Cincinnati, had contributed any thing 
to its coffers ; and while its sphere of action was enlarging, its resources were 
failing. A Mississippi Valley Fair was suggested, and the entei-prise was 
undertaken in January, 1864. At the preliminaiy meeting a letter was read 
from General Grant, expressing hearty sympathy with the object proposed, 
and bearing witness to the thousands of tons of sanitary stores furnished to 
his army l)y the commission. The following officers and committees were 
appointed at this meeting : 

President, First Vice-Prtsidrnt. 

Major-Gexeral W. S. IvOsecuans. Governor Willard P. IIali.. 

Second Vice-President, Third Vice-President, 

Mayor CiiAnNX-EY I. Filley. Beigadier-Gexerat. Clinton B. Fisk. 

Treasurer, Corresponding Secretary, 

Samuel Copp, Jk. Major Alfred Mackay. 

Standing Committee. 
Members of tlie Western Sanitary Commission. 
James E. Yeatman, Wm. G. Eliot, 

George Partridge, Carlos S. Greeley, 

John B. Johnson. 

Executive Committee of Gentlemen. 
James E. Yeatman, Chairman. 
J. II. LionTNER, GusTAvrs W. Dreyer, DwronT DrRKEE, 

E. W. Fox, II. A. IIomeyer, Amadee Valle, 

Samuel Copp, Jr., B. R. Bonner Wyllys King. 

20 



3UG 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



George D. Hall, 

S. R. Fillet, 

Charles B. IIubbell, Jr., 

Ja.mes Blackmax, 

Wm. D'Oe.nch, 

Wm. Patrick, 

J. O. Pierce, 



AoOLPiirs Meier, 
Charles Speck, 
Wm. Mitchell, 
Wm. Adriance, 
George E. Leighton, 
M. L. LiNTox, 
Wm. H. Bextox, 



George P. Plant, 
Morris Collins, 
J. C. Cabot, 
N. C. Chapman, 
John D. Perry, 
S. H. Laflix, 
James Ward. 



Eieeutire Cvmmittee of Ladies. 

Mrs. Chacxcey I. Fillet, President. 
Miss Anna M. Debexham, Recording Secretary. 
Miss Phcebe W. Corzixs, Corresponding Secretary. 
Mrs. Samuel Copp, Jr., Treasurer. 



Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 



Robert Anderson, Mrs. 

George Partridge, Mrs. 

J. E. I). Corzixs, Mrs. 

E. M. Weber, Mrs. 
Truman Woodruff, Mrs. 
Clinton B. Fisk, Mrs. 

F. A. Dick, Mrs, 
Alfred Clapp, Mrs. 
Dr. E. Hale, Mrs. 
A, S. W. Goodwin, Mrs. 
H. T. Blow, Mrs. 
Amelia Reihl, Mrs. 
X. C, Chapman, Mrs. 
Washington King, Mrs, 
S, A, Ranlett, Mrs. 



T. B. Edgar, Mrs, 

C. S, Greeley, Mrs. 

W. T. Hazard, Mrs. 

Chas. D. Drake, Mrs, 

Wm, McKee, Mrs, 

Samuel C, Davis, Mrs, 

McKee Dunn, Mrs. 

R. n, MoiiTox, Mrs, 

Dr, O'Reilly, Mrs. 

S. B. Kellogg, Mrs. 

S. A. Collier, Mrs. 

W, A, Do AX, Mrs. 

Dr. Haeussler. Mrs. 

Adoi.phus Abeles, Mrs, 

F, P, Blair, Mrs, 



Elizabeth W, Clarke, 
H, Dretep,, 
John Wolff, 
Ulrich BrscH, 
John J, Hoppe, 
Charles Eggers, 
Wm, D'Oexch, 
Dr. Hill, 
Adolphus Meier, 
John C. Vogel, 
R. Barth, 
H. C. Gempp, 
O, D, Fillet, 
Henry Stagg, 
E. W. Fox. 



A distinct committee was afterwards appointed to conduct a department 
for the express benefit of freedmen and Union refugees, that contributions 
might be solicited for this particular purpose, and kept apart from the general 
receipts. 

In the circular, which was at once issued by these committees, the follow- 
ing appeal was made : 

"Contributions of every sort and kind will be received, and all can be 
advantageously used. Large buildings for the fair will be erected, and the 
bulkiest articles will find abundant room. All the fruits of the garden and 
farm ; the produce of the mine, iron or gold, or whatever else ; every variety 
of manufactures, from the needle to the steam-engine ; works of art and fancy ; 
home-made and imported goods; hardware, and silver-ware, and queens-ware; 
groceries and dry goods; India-rubber goods; boots and shoes; curiosities 
and relics ; books and pictures ; live stock, of whatcT'cr kind, from the farm- 
yard or prairies ; and, in short, whatever is bought and sold by rich or poor, 
wise or simple, young or old, will find a welcome place in the Mississippi 



THE MlSSISSIPn VALLEY FAIR. 307 

Valley Fair, and contribute to its success. Every dollar, or dollar's woi'th, 

will relieve the suffering of some sick and wounded soldier, and perhaps save 

him from death — it may be a stranger to you of whom you will never hear — 

it may be your kinsman or your dearest friend. 

******** 

"During the continuance of the fair, rooms of exhibition will be opened, 
restaurants provided, entertainments prepared, including concerts, oratorios, 
lectures, and almost every variety of amusement, with whatever else the inge- 
nuity of man or woman can devise, and by which the profits of the fair can, 
with propriety, be increased, or the satisfaction of visitors secured. The 
intention is to bend all the energies of the city in one direction, and to enlist 
the industry and taste of all classes, trades, and occupations, during the con- 
tinuance of the fair, in one principal work, for the relief of the sick and 
wounded. The hearty loyalty of St. Louis demands such an opjDortunity of 
expressing itself. The old hosj^italities of the city are impatient to be 
renewed, and a cordial greeting is now sent to all those who, perhaps without 
fault of theirs or ours, have been estranged from us for the three 3'ears past. 
Let them come and help us keep a jubilee of patriotic rejoicing — A Union 
LOVE-FEAST, which will bring back the kindly relations of former times. A 
new era will soon dawn upon our state and nation — the era of union, of free- 
dom, and enduring peace. Let it be inaugurated here by a hundred thousand 
welcome guests, and there will be room enough — and to spare — for all that 
come." 

A building was erected especially for the use of the fair. The main 
structure was five hundred feet long and one hundred and fourteen feet wide, 
with wings one hundred feet long and fifty-four wide, with an octagon centre 
seventy-five feet in diameter and fifty feet high. Before the f lir opened, the 
finance committee had collected $200,000 in money, the principal portion 
being contributed by citizens of St. Louis, a city that has suffered far more 
from the war than any loyal city in the country. 

The following table gives the returns of every department and committee 
of the fair : 

TEEASFREr's report of the MISSISSIPPI VAI.LET FAIR. 

Proceeds of foiu'tcen gold and silver b.irs, from Story County, Xevada, in cur- 
rency $44,725 88 

" " one gold and silver li.ar, from Ormsby County, Nevada 710 65 

Cash from Committee on Finance 210,035 76 

" Dry Goods Committee 19,548 50 

" " Grocers' " 10,755 00 



308 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Cash from Marine Committee 

From Refreshiiiciit Coiinnittee: 

New England Kitclien $G,284 18 

IlollanJ Kitclien 4,711 90 

Confectionery 1,345 80 

Lippincott's soda fuuntain.. . . 027 20 

O'Brien's " •■ 150 00 

Robinson's oreani mead 22 50 

'< Cafe Laclede 8,226 ti8 

Goods afterwards sold 313 50 



$13,100 00 




SASITATtY SODA. 



From Committee on Drama and Public 

Amusements 

" Committee on Public Schools 

" " " Charitable In.stitu- 

tions, &c 

" Floral Department and sale of 

flowers 

" Committee on Rooks, Paper, and 

Stationery 

" Committee on Drugs and Perfumery 
" Millers 



From Committee on Iron and Steel 

" " " Carriages, Saddlery and Harness 

" " " Wine and Beer 

" Hebrew Aid Society 

" Committee on Soap, Candles, and Lard C)il 

" " " Stoves, Tinware, and Gas-fitting 

" " " China and Glass-ware 

" " " Freedmen and Refugees: 

Donations to freedmen $6,115 36 

" " " and refugees 7,254 70 

" refugees 3,020 05 

Books 330 00 



From Committee on Fine Arts 

" Ladies' Furnishing Committee . . . 

" Committee on Hardware and House Furnishing . 

" " " Skating Park 

" Kew Bedford Department 

" Committee on Millinery 

" Clnldren's Department 

" Committee on Agriculture 

" " " Bed Linen 

" " " Premium Shirts 

" " " Sewing Maclunes 

" Turnverein Committee 

" Committee on Jewelry and Silver Plate 

" Old Curiosity Shop 

" Committee on Bakers 

^' " " Produce 

" " " Fancy Handwork 



21,681 70 

6,102 78 
5,608 87 

0,673 70 

8,095 80 

9,659 00 
7,398 92 
4,595 75 
8,298 44 
5,189 55 
5,395 85 
3,085 45 
2,155 85 
7,867 64 
2,394 40 



16,720 11 

15,943 10 

2,417 50 

7,205 74 

888 40 

4,615 21 

938 20 

5,585 60 

3,603 65 

2,396 05 

868 00 

1,242 00 

408 05 

5,575 60 

4.566 30 

8,415 25 

7, .32 9 49 

4,671 95 



THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY FAIK. 



309 



From 



jj^ . ^ From Committee on Live Stock $6,226 85 
fe.^^"'' -*^Vi''W--;f " " '• Paint ami 

r . i^^^/'^i Oil 3,084 90 

«i^^4^> "^'^^^fe^ " New York Department. 7,768 80 

" Committee on Swords. . 4,62.5 00 

■ ^^ Schools 0.405 65 

" Associated Clerks 3,1)58 92 

^ ,^_^,,_^^_^^.__^^___^^__. I' " Committee on Boots and 

i ">^XaMFBC2SLi|IIH».Jll '.^mim gjjpgg 11^907 93 

, ^.. " Sale of Tickets 39,884 95 

^^^^MM: " " Daily Countersign 3,186 18 
" Committee on Manufac- 
tures 6,915 00 

A COMMirrEE ON LIVE STOCK. ,, p^^^ qj^^.^ ^^ j,^^ p.^j_. 357 gg 

Committee on Furniture 4,119 10 

Government employees 12,856 95 

Committee on Cloth and Clotliing ■ 6,453 90 

" Wood and Coal 882 25 

" Tobacco and Cifrars 7,212 20 

sale of horse 1.000 00 

Total $618,782 28 

Deduct expenses 64,191 28 

Total net . .$5.54,591 00 




We give below as large a portion of tlie list of cash receipts as we can 
make room for, only regretting that our soace is not more ample : 



James IL Lucas $5,250 00 

Boatmen's Savings Institution . . 5,000 00 
E. W. and others, proceeds of 

lots of ground on Olive street. 5,000 00 

Merchants' Exchange 5,000 00 

Belcher's Sugar Refinery 3,500 00 

Government Employees' Associ- 
ation, M. V. S. Fair 2,844 50 

State Savings Association 2,500 00 

Donations of Public Schools, by 

IraDwill 2,512 25 

Henry A. Homeyer & Co 2,300 00 

Gaslight Company 2,000 00 

Mepham & Brother 1,750 00 

As.sociated Clerks' Committee . . 1,685 50 

"Northern Line" 1,600 00 

Lyon, Sherb & Co., and Geo. I). 

Hall 1.500 00 

City Clerks' Association 1.445 65 

Keokuk P.icket Company 1,400 00 

Memphis Packet Company 1,400 00 



rienry Ames & Co $1,350 00 

L. N. Bonham, entertain- 
ment given by pupils of 
tlie Female Seminary. $600 00 

L. N. Bonham, proceeds 
of a hair-wreath, made 
by Miss Baile\', of the 
Seminary 379 00 

L. N. Bonham, li.-df pro- 
ceeds of fairy-tale tab- 
leaux at the fair 95 00 

L. N. Bonliam, cash do- 
nations by pupils. . . . 209 50 

$1,283 50 

Hon. Henry T. Blow, balance of 
salary as Minister to Venezuela 
in 1862 1.048 14 

James Archer 1,000 Oil 

Building and S.avings Association 1,000 00 

Francis Witt.aker, Sons & Co 1,000 00 

Hudson E. Bridge 1,000 00 



310 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Barten, Able & Co $1,000 00 

Schulenlmrg & Boeckelei- 1,000 00 

Graft; Bennett & Co 1,000 00 

MoKee, Fishback & Co 1,000 00 

David Nicholson 1.000 00 

Pratt & Fox 1,000 00 

John J. Roe 1,000 00 

Richardson & Co 1,000 00 

St. Lonis and Iron Mountain Rail- 
road Company 1,000 00 

Employees in Q. M. Department, 

Oapt. E. D. Chapman 953 50 

Illinois River Packet Co 850 00 

Robinson & Howe's circus 831 40 

Chicago & Alton R. R 8U 00 

Ladies' Association of Tenth 

Ward, proceeds of ball TtIG 50 

Committee of ladies. Seventh and 

Eighth "Wards, proceeds of ball 781 00 

Ilayden & Wilson TiO 00 

Giles F. Filley TOO 00 

Reformed Presbyterian Church, 
' by Rev. Mr. McCracken, pas- 
tor OGG 00 

Proceeds of five head of cattle, 
presented by the Butchers' 

Association 040 00 

Employees of Morison Hall. . . . 610 70 

Horace Helton .' 600 00 

St. Louis Union Association .... GOO 00 

J. D. Stanbridge 588 60 

Capt. Wallace's employees 583 00 

D. A. January and others 570 00 

By Rev. W. G. Eliot, from Bos- 
ton friends 551 00 

Allen, Copp & Nesbit 550 00 

Crow, McCrerey & Co 550 00 

Bridge, Beach & Co 505 00 

E. H. Smith 502 00 

Lumbermen's & Mechanics' In- 
surance Co 500 00 

Lamb & Quinlin 500 00 

St. Louis Agency of Manhattan 

Life Insurance Co 500 00 

Adolphus Meier & Co 500 00 

Mary Institute, proceeds of con- 
cert of scholars 500 00 

A. S. Merritt 500 00 

North Missouri R. R. Co 500 00 

North St. Louis Saving Associa- 
tion 500 00 

Second National Bank 500 00 



Third National Bank $500 00 

John O'Fallon 500 00 

Pho'ni.x Insurance Co 500 00 

Pike & Kellog 500 00 

Pacific R. R. Co 500 00 

J. B. Sickles 500 00 

N. Schafter & Co 500 00 

St. Louis Insurance Co 500 00 

A. T. Shapleigh & Co 500 00 

J. B. Sickles & Co 500 00 

Stannard, Gilbert & Co 500 00 

Tunstall & Holme 500 00 

United States Insurance Co 500 00 

Wiggins Ferry Co., by Henry L. 

Clark, Seci-etary 500 00 

Wni. Young & Co 500 00 

Young Brothers & Co 500 00 

Boatmen's Insurance & Trust Co. 500 00 

Crozier & Baxter 500 00 

Citizen's Insurance Co 500 00 

Chouteau, Harrison & Vable. . . 500 00 

James Clark & Co 500 00 

Franklin Saving Institution 500 00 

Franklin Insurance Co 500 00 

Home Mutual Insurance Co 500 00 

Collection in private schools . . . 455 70 
Government Employees' Associ- 
ation, by II. II. Wernse 446 00 

Seventh Cavalry, M. S. M 429 00 

John G. Copelin 400 00 

Doggett & Morse 400 00 

Students of City University . . . 372 95 

Samuel Gaty 350 00 

W. M. Morrison 350 00 

Employees on track on Eastern 
Division P. R. R. and S. W. 

Branch 341 75 

Wm. D'Oench 335 00 

Employees of Ubsdell, Barr, 

Duncan & Co 314 50 

Fritz, Leysalt & Bennett 311 55 

Warne, Cheever & Co 309 50 

Collier Lead Co 300 00 

Gaylord, Sons & Co 300 00 

Dwight Durkee 300 00 

Great Republic Insurance Co. . . 300 00 
W. Chauvenet, Chancellor of 
Washington University, dona- 
tion from students 300 00 

Hillman Brothers 300 00 

Marine Insurance Co 300 00 

Ticknor & Co 300 00 



A WESTERN SUBSCRIPTION. 



311 



Harmonia Glee Club §286 75 

Samuel C. Davis 285 00 

Jos. Gai'tside and 14'.t employees 271 75 

Henry Martin 270 00 

Employees of Pacific R. R 207 00 

Pupils of the Missouri Institute 
for the Blind, proceeds of con- 
cert by them 2fi4 50 

Jameson, Cutting & Co 255 00 

Levi Ashbrook & Co 250 00 

Atlantic Insurance Co 250 00 

M. Creesy & Co 250 00 

Chapman & Thorp 250 00 

Citizens' Railroad Co., by A. R. 

Easton 250 00 

Dutcher & Co 250 00 

R. & J. B. Fenby 250 00 

First National Bank . . . ; 250 00 

Globe Mutual Insurance Co 250 00 

Samuel II. Gardiner 250 00 

Hemming & Woodrufi" 250 00 

Howe & Copen, N. Y. Ins. Cos. 250 00 

Lackland & Christopher 250 00 

Lockwood & Nider 250 00 

Ladue, Tousey & Co 250 00 

Merchants' Bank 250 00 

John S. McCune 250 00 

People's Saving Institution .... 250 00 

Pacific Insurance Co 250 00 

John J. Roe 250 00 

Real Estate Savings Bank 250 00 

St. Louis R. R. Co 250 00 

L. & C. Speck & Co 250 00 

Steamer Bright Ihipe 250 00 

Tyler, Davidson & Co 250 00 

TJbsdell, Barr, Duncan & Co. . . 250 00 

Union Insurance Co 250 00 

Francis Whittaker & Co 250 00 

Asa Wilgins 250 00 

Wm. Young & Co 250 00 

Employees of Goodwin, Amlrew 

&Co 245 50 

Bakers' Committee, collection 

among the trade 245 25 

Journeymen horse-collar makers 213 75 

Mr. Barr & others 204 00 

G. Bayher & Co 200 00 

Chas. Beardslee & Brother 200 00 

F. B. Chamberiain & Co 200 00 

J. F. Comstock & Co 200 00 

Continental Packet Co 200 00 



Matthew Coleman $200 00 

Colonel & Mrs. Dick 200 00 

L. D. Dameron 200 00 

Samuel Gaty 200 00 

diaries Holmes 200 00 

A. C. Hoffman, by will 200 00 

Wm. Jessup & Sons 200 00 

N. H. Kendall & Co 200 00 

McKay & Hood 200 00 

Naples Packet Co 200 00 

Col. John O'Fallon 250 00 

J. & W. Patrick 200 00 

O. II. Pearce & Co 200 00 

Albert Pearce 200 00 

Steamboat John J. Roe .and 

owners 200 00 

Steamboat Pauline Carroll 200 00 

" J. H. Dickey 200 00 

Alton Packet Co 200 00 

Levi H. Baker 200 00 

Steamboat Imperial 200 00 

Louisville 200 00 

Maurice Denning ... 200 00 

" Glasgow 200 00 

" latan 200 00 

" Leviatlian 200 00 

'• W. K. Arthur 200 00 

Julia 200 00 

" Henry Ames 200 00 

" J. E. Swiin 200 00 

" City of Memphis 200 00 

" Stephen Decatur 200 00 

Colorado 200 00 

J. II. Lacey 200 00 

JohnTilden 200 00 

Z. F. Wetzel & Co 200 00 

Warne, Cheever & Co . ' 200 00 

R. A. Barnes 195 00 

Miss Emily Shaw, for t.ableaux.. 189 70- 

Mrs. Puroget 186 00 

Rev. W. H. Corkhill, proceeds 
of exhibition of tableaux at 

Benton Barracks 1 62 90 

G. Walbrecht 1.58 75 

Mary Institute, proceeds of read- 
ings by J. J. Bailly 157 00 

D. A. January 155 00 

G. Bummermaunt & Co 150 00 

Peter E. Blow 150 00 

Buddecke & Droege 150 00 

Wm. Glasgow, Jr 1 50 00 



312 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Children's picnic, proceeds by 
committee of St. Peter's 

Church |150 00 

0. W. Howe, Agent N. Y. Insu- 
rance Cos 150 00 

Hope Mutual Fire Insurance Co. 150 00 

C. & P.. Michelman 150 00 

David Nicholson 150 00 

Col. James Peckham 150 00 

Tassem & Dangen 150 00 

Young Brothers 150 00 

Stokes & Sheets 132 05 



Mr. Eossfeldt, St. Louis Vocal 

Association $140 00 

Merchants' Exchange . 125 95 

Moody, Michel & Co 125 00 

Mission Free School 125 00 

Sterling & Co 125 00 

Berthoid & Thomiison 125 00 

C. I. Filley 125 00 

Ladies' Union League 125 00 

German Evangelical Lutheran 

Church, Franklin Avenue and 

11th Street 123 V5 




CUTTINr. WiK)I> IN THE NORTHWEST, FOR SOLDIERS WIVES. 



Employees of Wiggins Ferry Co. 

Evangelical Protestant Church 
of Em.anuel 

A. W. Fagin 

A. S. Merritt 

Cash contributions in basket. 
South M. E. Church, by Levi 
11. Baker, St. Louis 



$115 00 

113 10 
112 00 
110 00 



10!) 30 



Pvobert Cliarlcs $107 20 

.Joseph Garneau 105 00 

Spurry, Chalfant & Co 100 00 

St. Louis Lodge, No. 5, I. O. O. F. 100 00 

Schwetze & Eggers 100 00 

John A. Smithers & Brother. . 100 00 

C. F. Schultz & Brother 100 00 

Shamrock Benevolent Society. . 100 00 



THE WESTERN SANITARY COMMISSION. 



31 ;} 



Steam Boiler Makers' Associa- 
tion 

John R. Shepley 

Jas. T. Severingcn and wife. . . 

G. O. W. ToiliKt Co 

Miss Mar\- Tlionias 

D. S. Thompson 

W. F. Ulman 

John C. Vogel 

Warne, Cheever & Co 

White & Haass 

Capt. Daniel White 

Wilson & Atwell 

J. Wall & Brotlier 

Washington Lodge, No. 2-t, I. O. 

O. F 

H. I). Whittaker 

Wildley Lodge, No. 2, I. O. O. F. 

Geo. IL Wiley & Co 

Westerman it Meir 

Samuel B. Wiggins 

W. S. Oilman 

Gay, Ilanekemp & Edwards . . , 

Greely & Gale 

Goodwin & Anderson ...... . 

E. Gaylord & Sons 

Louis C. Garnier 

Cheltenham Fire-Brick AVorks, 

by Evans & Howard 

Gymnastic Society 

John IL Gay 

Gill & Brother 

John How 

C. B. Ilubbell & Co 

J. Howard 

Hibernian Society 

Ilot'kemeyer & Finney 

Ileinicke & Estel 

Berton A. Hill 

E. C. Harrington, from Govern- 
ment Employees' Association. 

D. A. January & Co 

Jacoby & Feikert 

Mr. James, Iron Works 

Jefferson Mutual Fire Insurance 

Co 

Jameson & Mantz 

Jonathan Jones 

Capt. W. J. Kauntz 

Wm. Khnnpe 

Wm. Dean & Co 



unn 


00 


100 


00 


ino 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 



Dunham <& Gregg $100 00 

Druids' Hall Association, by 

Franz Michen 100 00 

John F. Darley 100 00 

Arnold, Constable & Co 100 00 

B. &D. Able 100 00 

John C. Dervalall 100 00 

Capt. J. B. Eads 100 00 

Wm. L. Ewing & Co 100 00 

Employees in Laclede Rolling 

Mills 100 00 

Excelsior Fire and Marine Ins. 

Co 100 00 

S. M. Edgell 100 00 

Joseph Emanuel & Co 100 00 

Eighth St. Baptist Church (col- 
ored) 100 00 

Excelsior Lodge, No. 18, I. (). 

O. F 100 00 

J. E. Esher, proprietor Bowery 

Theatre, proceeds of one 

night's entertainment 100 00 

Gen. C. B. Fisk 100 00 

Fisk, Knight & Co 100 00 

0. D. Filley 100 00 

E. A. & S. R. Filley 100 00 

M. Foster 100 00 

Fritachie & Co 100 00 

R. D. Fenby 100 00 

Glasgow & Brother 100 00 

Henry Bell & Son 100 00 

L. A. Benoist & Co 100 00 

J. H. Bowen & Co 100 00 

Mrs. Sarah B. Brent 100 00 

Battery K, 1st Missouri Light 

Artillery lOO 00 

Bush & Hawthorn 100 00 

John Boker 100 00 

Beard & Brothers 100 00 

Mrs. Brueseke 100 00 

R. Campbell & Co 100 00 

Cavender & Rowse 100 00 

Cabot & Senter 100 00 

John B. Carson 100 00 

E. A. Corbitt 100 00 

P. Cliouteau, Jr., & Co 100 00 

Cupples & Marston 100 00 

Commercial Ins. Co 100 00 

George Couzleman 100 00 

F. J. Chapman 100 00 

Mrs. Jane Chambers 100 00 



314 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



City Tobacco Warehouse $W0 00 

J. R. Clark, proceeds of a cotton 

donation 100 00 

Munroe R. Collins 100 00 

Alexander Crozier 100 00 

Luther M. Xennett 100 00 

Samuel Knox 100 00 

S. 11. Laflin 100 00 

T. II. Larkin tt Co 100 00 

II. J. Loring & Co 100 00 

L. Levering & Co 100 00 

Louis A. Labaume 100 00 

Ladies' Branch of Shoemakers' 

Society 100 00 

Wm. C. Lindell 100 00 

E. M. Moffitt 100 00 

Mrs. Virginia Minor 100 00 

Murdock & Dickson 100 00 

A. Meier & Co 100 00 

Mason & Clements 100 00 

VT. II. Markliara 100 00 

■Wm. N. Macqueen 100 00 

Thornton D. Murpliy 100 00 

Company II, National Guard... 100 00 

Augustus McDowell 100 00 

Mound City Mutual Ins. Co 100 00 

Moreau & May 100 00 

Wm. II. Maurice 100 00 



Nulson & Merriman $100 00 

Nolan & Caflrey 100 00 

A. K. Northrup . 100 00 

R. H. Ober & Co 100 00 

"Owl Club" 100 00 

L. W. Patchen 100 00 

Peterson, Hawtliorne & Co 100 00 

W. H. Pulsifer 100 00 

People's R. R. Co 100 00 

Rich & Co 100 00 

Richardson & Co 100 00 

Eben Richards 100 00 

Eben Richards, Jr 100 00 

Geo. H. Rea 100 00 

John n. Rankin 100 00 

Pratt & Fox 100 00 

Christian Peper 100 00 

Col. Geo. G. Pride 100 00 

Pomeroy & Benton 100 00 

Pike & Kelkigg 100 00 

James Smith 100 00 

A. F. Sliapleigh 1 00 00 

A. F. Shapleigh & Co 1 00 00 

Stillwell, Powell & Co 100 00 

St. Louis Shot Tower Co 100 00 

Saving.s' Association, Eigliteeiith 

Ward 1 00 00 

F. E. Schraieding & Co 100 00 



The officers of tlie Mississippi Valley Fair, in closing their report, claim 
that it yielded larger comparative receipts than any .sanitary fair ever held. 
St. Louis, situated almost upon tlie very frontier of loyalty, i-aises $3.50 for 
every inhabitant at her foir, the proportion of New York and Philadelphia 
being about $1.67 for each inhabitant. This is the more remarkable from the 
fact, proved by the figures, that only about $10,000 was received from east of 
the Mississippi Eiver. "We confidently believe that no equal demonstration 
of patriotism has been made in any city of the Union since tlie war began." 

The proceeds of the fair were immediately applied to the uses for winch 
they were bestowed. Eighty thousand dollars' worth of hospital stores were 
furnished, in June and July, to the army of General Sherman, and a fair jDro- 
portion to troops in other departments. 

The "Western Sanitary Commission maintained its organization and con- 
tinued its labors to the close of the war. The table at the end of the volume 
will give the final, closing statistics of its work — work which, from the first, 
has been diligently sought and systematically and energetically done ; done, 



TUE WESTERN SAXITAIIY COMMISSION. 



315 



too, in so unobtrusive a nuuincr, tliat thousands of persons in the eastern 
states have never been made aware of tlie commission's existence. This was, 
in a measure, intentional, to avoid all appearance of infringing upon what 
might be claimed as another's ground, and to escape the conflict of interests 
which might ensue. Faithfulne.ss, energy, and prudence arc cardinal \irtues 
in a man, or in a commission of men. 




CHAPTER VIII. 

STATE SANITARY COMMISSIONS — LOCAL RELIEF ASSOCIATIONS. 




TnF MAfiir LANTEP.N IN TIIF, HnSPITAL. 



OrR view of the labors of the people in behalf of the healtb and comfort 
of the soldier, would be incomplete without a glance at certain local sanitary 
commissions wliich sprang up in the earlier stages of the war — for which there 
was at that time, perhaps, sufficient reason. Upon tbe subject of these as- 
sociations, the North American Review used the following language, in 
January, 1864: "The education of our towns and villages in the principles 
of the Sanitary Commission, the overcoming of tbeir local prejudices, of their 
desire to work for this regiment, that company, this hospital, or that camp, 
has been an education in national ideas — in the principles of the government 
itself — in the great federal idea for which we are contending at such cost of 
blood and treasure. The objections to the Sanitary Commission have been 
precisely the objections that led to the rebellion and to the war that made 
this commission necessary — objections to a federal consolidation, a strong 



THE IOWA SANITARY COMMISSION. 317 

general governraeut, a nationality and not a confederacy. State and local 
powers were claimed to be not only more effective in their home and imme- 
diate spheres, but more effective out of their spheres, and in the promotion 
of ends that are universal. As South Carolina said she could take better care 
of her own commerce and her own foreign intei-ests than the United States 
Government, so Iowa, and Missouri, and Connecticut, and Ohio, insisted that 
they could each take better care of their own soldiers, after they were merged 
in the general Union army, than could any central, or federal, or United States 
commission, whatever its resources or its organization. Narrow political am- 
bition, state sensibilities, executive conceit, and the pecuniary interests of 
agents, produced the same secessional heresies in regard to the National Sani- 
tary Commission, tliat tliey either actually created, or have vainly tended to 
create, in regard to the general government itself" 

This language must be slightly modified. Only two states east of the 
Mississippi undertook to look after the sanitary interests of their own men, 
Iowa and Indiana, and one of these subsequently abandoned that course. 
We give a brief history of the independent existence of the Iowa and Indiana 
Sanitary Commissions. 

In the month of October, 1861, Governor Kirkwood, of Iowa, in a letter 
to the Eev. A. J. Kynett, stated, that in order to render the various soldiers' 
aid societies springing up throughout the state efficient, and to encourage the 
formation of others, he had appointed him — Mr. Kynett — agent for the state, 
to perfect a system by which contributions w^ould best reach the soldier. Mr. 
Kynett, in reply, recommended that a State Sanitary Commission be consti- 
tuted, to become, ultimately, auxiliary to the United States Commission. On 
the 13th of October, the governor appointed the officers of such a commission, 
as follows : 

President, Secretary, 

PiioF. J. C. IIiGiiES, M. D., of Keoknk. Rev. Geo. F. M.VGony, of Lyons. 

Treasurer, Corresjionding Secretary a-nd^ General Agent, 

IIii!AM PiiicE, of Davenport. Rev. A. J. Kynett, of Lyons. 

Hon. Elijah Sells, Des Moines, Hon. Caleb Baldwin, Council Bluffs, 

Rev. Bishop Lee, Davenport, Rev. G. B. Jooelyn, Mt. Pleasant, 

rioN. Geo. G. Weight, Keosauqua, Hon. Wm. F. Cooi.baugii, Burlington, 

Rev. Bishop Smyth, Dubuque, Ezekiel Clark, Iowa City, 

IIox. Lincoln Clark, Dubuque. 

Mr. Kynett immediately issued an appeal to the women of Iowa in behalf 
of the sick and wounded soldiers, accompanied bv a form of constitution fir 



31 S THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

local societies, recommending the formation of sucli in every town, village, and 
neigliborliood in the state. In answer to this call, the commission received, 
during the first two years, notice of the organization of one hundred and sixty 
relief societies ; and received from them, in the same time, four hundred and 
forty-two boxes, one hundred and fifty barrels, eighteen kegs, and nine sacks, 
of the value of some $60,000. On the 1st of June, 1863, the Iowa Commis- 
sion became practically a branch of the United States Sanitary Commission. 
The reasons for making this change, and the advantages resulting from it, 
were thus summed up by the secretary of the Iowa Commission : 

"Onr Iowa regiments were, and still are, greatly scattered over a vast ex- 
tent of country. With our limited means and resources, it was clearly im- 
possible for us, acting independently as a state organization, to place sanitary 
stores within the reach of any considerable portion of them. 

" A large proportion of the sick and wounded of our Iowa soldiers were in 
post and general hospitals, with their fellow-soldiers from other states. To 
have attempted, by separate state agencies, to discriminate in favor of Iowa 
soldiers, would have been unjust, offensive to our own generous sufferers, and 
was, by proper hospital regulations, rendered impossible. 

" The United States Sanitary Commission, appointed by the secretary of 
war on nomination of the surgeon-general of the United States, and enjoying 
the confidence of the government and official recognition, with almost ex- 
haustless resources and every necessary facility, were everywhere in the field 
with sanitary stores at every important point, their medical inspectors in 
every camp and hospital, and their various agencies working efticiently in 
behalf of all thk soldiers of the Union. To have withheld co-operation 
with them seemed to us ungenerous, impolitic, and in principle too much like 
that 'state sovereignty ' which underlies secession itself 

"The advantages resulting from the new an-angement are the following: 

" "We thereby place ourselves in cordial and earnest fraternity with all our 
co-laborers of every other loyal state. There is a wide difference between 
being in the Union and out of it. 

"We become rightfully entitled to a common interest in the large contribu- 
tions of the eastern and Pacific states. California alone has given to this 
object, through the National Commission, hundreds of thousands of dollars 
in cash. We could not honorably keep all our own to ourselves and then 
expect to share in common with others more generous. 

" We secure the free transportation of all our goods, the free use of all tele- 
graphic lines, and all other facilities granted the National Commission. 



THE INDIANA SANITARY COMMISSION. 319 

" All our surgeons and chaplains are permitted and invited to draw \ipon 
the stores of the National Commission, at any time and place where a depot 
may be established, to supply the wants of their sick and wounded. 

" We are invited to nominate inspectors and agents from our own state, to 
be assigned to duty where Iowa soldiers are in service, and to be paid out of 
the funds of the National Commission." 

Certainly, the reasons given were sufficient. 

Still, the co-operation between the various organizations in the state was 
not complete, and in November, 1863, a call was issued for a convention to 
be held at Des Moines on the 18th, to consist of delegates from the ladies' 
soldiers' aid societies, the societies co-operating with the Iowa Sanitary Com- 
mission, loyal leagues, soldiers' Christian commissions, and all other associa- 
tions in the state which had made regular contributions. 

The convention was held, two hundred delegates being present, from all 
parts of the state. Mrs. Livermore addressed the assembly on the claims the 
United States Sanitary Commission had upon them as auxiliaries, while Mrs. 
Wittenmyer urged those of the "Western Sanitary Commission. Then there 
were addresses in behalf of harmony, and in deprecation of party strife in 
sanitary matters. The Hon. S. A. Eussell protested against the sick and 
dying soldier being sacrificed or detained in hospital by local preferences, or 
personal feelings in favor of this or the other way of reaching him. A new 
commission was finall}' created, the principal feature of whicb was a board of 
control. This board held its first meeting in December, and it was decided to 
establish an Iowa depot at Chicago, in connection with the United States 
Commission, and another at St. Louis, connected with the Western Commis- 
sion ; eacb local society could send to whichever branch it might prefer : the 
goods received at the two depots should be repacked, and all packages should 
be stamped with the Iowa state mark. 

Up to this period, the value of the goods received by the Iowa Commis- 
sion was not far from $250,000. 

A Sanitary Commission w^as organized in Indianapolis, for the state of 
Indiana, in February, 1862, immediately after the battle of Fort Donelson. 
Its success was such that a permanent organization was effected in March, by 
the appointment of William Hannaman as president, and Alfred Harrison as 
treasurer. The objects of the commission were, in spite of its name, "to 
carry relief to suffering soldiers, wherever from or wherever found ; and its 
aim was to contribute to every general hospital within its reach as large a 
supply, in proportion to the number of Indiana soldiers in those hospitals, as 



320 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

any other state. "When this was done, any thing that remained was devoted 
to the use of Indiana soldiers in preference to any others. But all contribu- 
tions made to general hospitals were for general distribution. And when it 
is remembered that the supplies of the Indiana Commission were exclusively 
the gifts of inhabitants of the state, this seems a very generous method of 
dispensing them. This would not be the case were other states tributary to 
the Indianapolis treasury, as Massachusetts has been to that of St. Louis, or 
Minnesota and Wisconsin to that of Chicago." 

The attention of the officers of the commission was called, at an early date, 
to the needs of sick and wounded soldiers at the railroad station in Indianapo- 
lis, waiting for trains, or otherwise detained. An agent was at first appointed 
to meet the men on their arrival, and direct them to houses where they could 
be decentl}^ and cheaply accommodated. As the number of applicants in- 
creased, tents were procured, and a sort of Camp Relief was established ; 
finally a Soldiers' Home was erected. Nearly two hundred thousand soldiers 
have been entertained here since its opening. 

The Home for Soldiers' Wives, established somewhat later, is to the 
family what the Soldiers' Home is to the army. Here, the wives, mothers, 
sisters, and daughters of soldiers, who have come to the city to meet the 
returning veteran, find comfortable meals and lodging, and are safe from 
annoyance and imposition. Three hundred ladies and children have been 
entertained here a month. During the year 1863 seven hospital boats were 
sent out by the commission, to distribute five thousand packages of supplies, 
and to bring home such men as were unfit for service. One of these, the City 
Belle, was the first boat to land at Vicksburg after its sun-ender. 

The Indiana railroads gave free transportation to goods from all parts of 
the state to Indianapolis, the Union Telegraph Company sent all messages 
gratuitously, and the Adams, American, and United States Express Compa- 
nies carried boxes by the hundred, without charge. 

The following table speaks for itself: 



Contril 



utions of money in 1862 $22,529 12 

' stores " 86,088 00 

' money in 1863 36,2.32 11 

' stores " 101,430 74 

' money in 1864 97,035 22 

' stores " 126,086 91 



Total $469,402 10 

The Indiana Commission continued independent to the end. 



THE PIIILADELPIIIA LADIES' AID. 821 

A society, known as the " Pliiladelpliia Ladies' Aid," was organized in 
Philadelphia on the 26th of April, 1861, and from that day to the close of the 
war maiiitaiiied its independence. Mrs. Joel Jones, Mrs. Stei)lu'n Colwell, 
an<l Mrs. John Harris were, and remained, its president, treasurer, and secre- 
tary, respectively. Mrs. Uarris visited Washington at an early date, spend- 
ing six weeks in the camps and hospitals of that city, and, with the co-opera- 
tion of ladies there, establishing a depository for the reception of their stores 
and clothing. In October, the pastors of twelve churches of Philadelphia 
issued a circular, appealing, in behalf of the Ladies' Aid, to all into whose 
hands it might fall. " The society comprises ladies belonging to more than 
twenty churches, of various denominations. Its affairs have been conducted 

■with the utmost prudence, economy, and efficiency There is no village, 

scarcely any congregation, in wdiich something might not be done by way of 
co-operation in this good work. And we beg to suggest the expediency of 
forming an auxiliary society in j'our church or neighborhood, with a view of 
forwarding this humane and patriotic object." 

The Philadelphia Ladies' Aid has been a very Sanitary or Christian Com- 
mission, upon a small but vastly effective scale. It has dispensed hospital 
supplies ; it has distributed tracts and soldiers' Bibles ; it has nursed the sick, 
it has comforted the dying; it has been commended by the commanding 
general; it has received the thanks of the surgeon-in-chief In her first 
report, Mrs. Harris was able to say for herself and colleagues: "We have 
personally visited the sick of two hundred and thi-ee regiments. We liave 
thrown something of home light and love around the rude couches of at least 
five hundred of our noble citizen soldiers, who sleep their last sleep along the 
Potomac. We have been permitted to take the place of mothers and sisters : 
the gentle pressure of the hand has carried the dying soldier back to the 
homestead, and, as it often happened, by a merciful illusion, he has thought 
the face upon which his last look rested was that of some cherished one from 
home. A gentle lad of seventeen summers, wistfully then joyfully exclaim- 
ing, ' I knew she would come to her boy,' went down comforted into the 
dark valley. Others, many others, have thrown a lifetime of truthful love 
into the last look, sighing out life with — " Mother, dear mother! 

That an independent society like this, indeed, that many such may find 
their sj^here of usefulness, gleaning where the Sanitary and Christian reapers 
Have passed, is well shown in a letter fi-om an army surgeon, from which we 
raake the following extract. Speaking of the medical department of the 
army, and of the various agencies for the benefit of soldiers, he said: 

21 



322 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



"But the vast supjjlies of the department are not intended for wayside 
sufferers and exhausted fugitives : they are for regular liospitals and organized 
camps. A strict system of accounts is necessary, and profusion of expendi. 
ture cannot be tolerated. The army system is perfect in its place, and my 
judgment thoroughly approves of it ; but it does not suit every emergency. 

" The Sanitary Commission is a noble charity, and nobly has it sustained 
itself Almost every hospital in the army has filled its wards with the beds, 
and quilts, and sheets of the Sanitaiy Commission. Who can tell the thou- 
sands upon thousands of times the fevered brain of our stricken soldiers has 
spelled out on the corner of his white pillow-.slip, ' U. S. Sanitary Commis- 
sion?' But this society is no roadside affair. It deals in car and ship loads. 
It supplies hospitals and bodies of men, when applied to, with bales and boxes 
innumerable; and many a doctor's heart has melted with gratitude for the 
liberal gifts of the Sanitary Commission. Ko papers here are needed; no 
duplicate inventories to be made out, no double receipts to be transmitted. 

"But what good would it do an exhausted soldier, toiling through the 
mud, or sinking by the wayside, to understand that yonder beautiful ship, the 
white letters upon whose red flag were undistinguishablc in the distance, was 
filled with bed-sacks, sheets, and pillows, and boxes of jelly of the Sanitary 
Commission ? Like the mirage upon the desert, they mock the dying pilgrim 
with visions of plenty while he famishes. 

" Who will help this man M'ho has dragged along his weary, possibly 
lacerated, limbs, till nature refuses to bear him farther, and he sinks down to 
die in the mud? The Ladies' Aid Society is to the soldier what the retailer 
is to the community. Other organizations represent the wholesale business. 
And nobh' has Mrs. Ilan-is performed her duty. She is indefatigable. D.ay 
and night her sole occupation, her only thought, is. " relief to the soldier.' '' 

OON after the commencement of the war one of the 
officers of this society, after having made a large 
contribution to its treasury, said to the members 
of her family : " These men who have gone forth to 
fight are willing to give their lives for us, and we 
can never do too much for them. Now, I propose, 
if you all consent, to devote some regular, daily 
sum to the relief of the army, and we will go with- 
out some luxury to which we have been accus- 
tomed, to procure that sum. Suppose we dispense 
with dessert while the war lasts?" The fomily consented, and their dessert 




THE ST. LOUIS AID SOCIETY. 32S 

mone^-, diverted from the grocer and the confectioner, was ever afterwards, 
while the need existed, the property of the invalid soldier. 

A remarkable proof of Mrs. Harris's efficiency is furuisliod by the fact that 
she is not often at home to write the secretary's semi-annual reports. A 
colleague, holding the pen of a ready writer, places a few facts and figures, 
in graceful shape, before the public; then follow "letters and copious extracts 
of letters from the secretary of the society," written from various places while 
attending to the sick and wounded : from Chesapeake Hospital, from Fail- 
Oaks, from on board the Kelly Baker, from Harrison's Landing, Irom Antie- 
tam. Harper's Ferry, Fredericksburg, Nashville, Gettysburg, Chattanooga. 

These letters were widely published and read, and stirred the fountains of 
public sympathy to their depths. A missionary abroad, the secretary was 
yet a propagandist at home. 

Mrs. Harris was on the field of Gettysburg, and in the first week after the 
battle distributed the contents of sixty eight boxes forwarded by the society ; 
in the second week forty-seven boxes were sent to one single hospital, that at 
Annapolis. 

In the first three years of its existence, the Philadelj^liia Ladies' Aid had 
received nearly $21,000 in mouey, and about $70,000 worth of stores. It liad 
also been commissioned hy Mr. "\V. W., of San Franci.sco, to expend $550 in 
the relief of soldiers' families, and by Mrs. John Haseltine, to apply $700 in 
assisting disabled soldiers to rcacli their homes. 

On the 2Gth of July, 1861, a few ladies met at the house of Mrs. F. Holy, 
in St. Louis, to discuss a project which had been for some time in contemj)la- 
tion — that of combining the efforts of the loyal ladies of the city, and of 
forming an aid society, in anticipation of the conflict then impending within 
the state. At an adjourned meeting, held a week later, twenty-five ladies 
registered themselves as members of the "Ladies' Union Aid Societ}'," and 
elected a full board of officers. The greater part of them resigning soon after, 
the ibllowing permanent list was chosen in Novernlier: 

Mi:s. Ai.FiiEi) Cr.AiT. 

]'ice-Preiiidentii, 
Mns. Samuel C. Davis, Mrs. 'I'. M. Post, Mrs. Robert Anderson. 

Treii.'fin-ei: Eecordinrj firrrelnrij, 

Mrs. S. 15. Kellogg. Miss II. \. .Vdams. 

Correxponding Secrctanj^ 
Miss Delle Holmes; afterwanls, Miss Anna M. nEUENiiAM. 



324 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

The society thus formed has l)een most active and efficient; being the only 
large association of the kind working in concert with the Western Sanitary 
Commission, its ojoerations, both of collection and distribution, have covered a 
wide field, and it has counted its dollars and its donations, not by hundreds, 
but by thousands. Its emissaries visited, at one time, fourteen hospitals in 
the city and vicinity, and were known in the streets by the baskets they 
carried, the cover of one of whicli has been obligingly lifted for us by the 
recording secretary ; within was " a bottle of cream, a home-made loaf, fresh 
eggs, fruit, and oysters; stowed away in a corner was a flannel shirt, a sling, 
a pair of spectacles, a flask of cologne ; a convalescent had asked for a lively 
book, and the lively book was in the basket; tliere was a dressing-gown for 
one, and a white muslin handkerchief for another; and paper, envelopes, and 
stamjis for all.'' 

The Christian Commission having made the ladies of this society their 
agents for the distribution of religious reading, one hundred and twenty-five 
thousand pages of tracts, and twenty tliousand books and papers were dissem- 
inated by them. No soldier ever refused a Testament or hymn-book. 

The society sent delegates to all the earlier battle-fields, and even to the 
camps and trenches around Vicksburg. These ladies returned upon the hos- 
pital steamers, pursuing their heroic work, toiling early and late, regai'dless of 
health or strength, in the midst of scenes the most terrible that can follow in 
the train of war. 

During the fall and winter of 1862, the society's rooms were open day and 
evening for the purpose of bandage-rolling, so great was the demand for sup- 
plies of this kind. 

At the same period, the distress in soldiers' families was such that the 
association felt called upon to make an effort for their relief They repre- 
sented to the Western Sanitary Commission, and to the gentlemen of the War 
Eelief Fund of St. Louis County, that the demand for hospital clothing was 
greater than loyal fingers could supply, and asked for an appropriation for the 
purpose of giving work to the wives, mothers, and daughters of soldiers. 
They received about $5,500 for this purpose, disbursing it among three 
hundred and fifty families, thus paying for the labor upon seventy-five thou- 
sand hospital garments. 

The medical purveyor of the depai-tment, informed of the success of this 
experiment, and having a large contract for army work to give out, off'ered it 
to the Union Aid. Under this, the families of volunteers made up one hun- 
dred and twenty-eight thousand articles, receiving over $6,000 for their work. 



UNION AID SOt;iETV OF ST. LOUIS. 825 

Another contract was afterwards taken from the purveyor, under wliich the 
ladies of the society tore twenty-seven tliousand yards of cotton into two 
hundred and sixty-one tliousand yards of bandages, the soldiers' wives receiv- 
ing twenty-five cents per hundred yards for rolling. In 1864, nearly forty 
thousand articles were made for the medical purveyor in this manner. 

At the request of the surgeon in charge of Benton Bari-acks' Hospital, the 
society took quarters in the building, consisting of reception-room, store- 
room, and kitchen. The object was — in imitation of a plan in successful 
operation in Baltimore — to be able to prepare, upon the requisition of the 
physicians, special articles of diet for particular cases. Donations intended 
for the soldiers could be left at these rooms for judicious distribution; fruit, 
vegetables, and other offerings, could here be prepared and issued as required. 
This would systematize all outside bounty, and enable the surgeon to regulate 
the diet of the entire establishment. Miss Bettie Broadhead was the first 
superintendent of these rooms, which were afterwards extended and multi- 
plied. They soon exhibited all the bustle and activity of a restaurant. Bills 
of fare were distributed in each ward every morning ; the soldiers wrote their 
names and numbers opposite the special dishes they desired ; the surgeon scru- 
tinized the calls, and, if he did not disapprove, indorsed them. At the 
appointed time, the dishes, distinctly labelled, arrived at their destination in 
charge of an orderly. Nearly forty-eight thousand dishes were issued in one 
year. 

In the fall of 1863, the Union Aid Society established a branch at Nash- 
ville, Mrs. Barker and Miss Adams leaving St. Louis with $500 and seventy- 
two boxes of stores. A special diet kitchen, like that of Benton Barracks, 
was opened under the auspices of Miss Adams ; and this, subsequently, became 
a most important affair, no less than sixty-two thousand dishes being issued in 
August, 1864. A large portion of the supplies were furnished by the Pitts- 
burgh Subsistence Committee, who did not, however, stop there, but sent Miss 
Ellen Murdoch to prepare the supplies for use. This lady worked for three 
months with her own hands in the kitchen, and no reasonable wish of an 
invalid ever went ungratified. 

The society, apparently not satisfied with its labors in behalf of soldiers 
and their families, found time to organize committees to look after the inter- 
ests of the freedmen and the refugees. Working in concert with the Western 
Sanitary Commission, it has done much to alleviate the distress which pre- 
vailed in 1863, and, indeed, still prevails, among these unfortunate people. 

The following list of cash receipts for the year 1868, excluding tliosc from 



326 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

the coniniission and the government, will show what have been the Aid 
Society's sources of supply : 

Pi-oceeds of Cosmopolitan Bazaar $5,606 66 

" two concerts by the Quiiicy Old Folks 618 50 

" launch of the gunboat Winnebago 426 50 

" the Sylvan Fete 3,682 20 

Donations from Societies : 

Boatmen's Savings Institution $1,000 00 

Globe Mutual Insurance Company 100 00 

Mechanics' Bank 500 00 

Southern Bank 500 00 

Merchants' Bank 250 00 

Saint Louis Bank 100 00 

Citizens' Railway Company 100 00 

txerman Savings Institution 200 00 

Western Marine Beneficent Association 50 00 

Union Bank 100 00 

Grand Jurors, Joljn J. IIol)pe, Foix-man Ill 00 

Jetlerson Mutual Fire Insurance Company 56 00 

Ladies' Government Work Committee 65 80 

Mound City Club 219 30 

Employees in Excelsior Stone Works 100 00 

Teamsters' Mess, at Benton Barracks 50 00 

Company F, Mounted City Guards . . 100 00 

3,602 10 

Mrs. II. T. Blow 100 00 

.lames B. Eads 100 00 

M. S. Mephani & Co 250 00 

J. liidgway 150 00 

Gentlemen of Forage Department 100 00 

L. A. Labaume 100 00 

Jno. M. Taylor 200 00 

Woodburn ifc Scott 150 00 

H. A. llomeyer 100 00 

1,250 00 

Other donations from societies and individuals 4,033 83 

Donations for Soldiers' "^ourth of July Dinner 394 85 

$19,614 64 
Deduct ex|ienses for Bazaar, Concerts, and Sylvan Fete 1,939 17 

Total $17,675 47 

In August, 1861, several of the wives of the gentlemen belonging to the 
Union Relief Association of Baltimore — a society which we mention, on 
account of the nature of its work, under another bead — gave their assistance 
in preparing food and clothing for the sick and wounded. This work was, in 
a measure, taken off their hands by the establishment of governtnent hospi- 
tals in the city, but the ladies' energies had been aroused, and they felt that 



LADIES' UNION RELIEF ASSOCIATION OF BALTIMORE. 



327 



even with the best the gov^ernmeiit and the medical stalT could do, there would 
still be work enough for ■willing hands. Tlic organization of tlie Ladies' 
Union Eelief Association of Baltimore was therefore effected on the first 
Tuesday of October, 1861, and the following officers were chosen: 

President, Mrs. Reveiidt Jonxsox. 



Mrs. J. Saurix Norris 



Vice-Presidents. 
Mua. Alex. Tcrxbuli.. 



Mrs. TnoMAS WniTRiDOE. 



Corres]iondiiuj Secvetdry, Mrs. A. L. I'uelps. 

Recording Secretary, Mrs. John Graham. 

Treasurer, Miss Agnes V. Morton. 




Two of these ladies resigned shortly afterwards, and Miss Morton became 
Recording Secretary, Mrs. Chas. J. Bowen, Corresponding Secretary, and Miss 
Julia May Morton, Treasurer. 

ENER.\L charge was at first assumed over all the 
hospitals, but as each hospital gradually attracted 
to itself its own peculiar circle, the Relief Asso- 
ciation took for its immediate charge the National 
Hospital in Camden Street. This institution con- 
tained beds for a thousand patients, and here the 
worst cases were usually lirought. Mi's. Bowen, 
in her first report, thus speaks of the labors of 
the society here : " Every ward has its own com- 
mittee, and the soldiers are visited by the ladies 
two or three times a week, and, in making known their wants, become very 
sociable and communicative. Witli few exceptions, they have been modest in 
their demands, and extremely grateful for favors shown them. Occasionally 
they ask the ladies what the articles cost, which causes a smile and a pleasant 
answer. Besides our visiting the soldiers, 'we request the pleasure of their 
companv,' and there is not a day when these rooms are not a pleasant retreat 
for convalescent men, who love to come from tlie ho.spitals and tell their talcs 
of the battle-field." 

The ladies of Baltimore, owing to their being comparatively near the 
ground, rendered peculiarly effective service. Their boxes were early upon 
the field, and, during the first year at least, none ever failed to reach its destina- 
tion. A delegation of three ladies of the society spent five days in the vicinity 
of Antietam, after the battle there, relieving a vast amount of suffering. 



328 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

During the first year, some $3,000 were received, and nearly tliirty-one 
thousand articles. The Northern states contributed two-tliirds of these, and 
Northern soldiers — soldiers not from Maryland — consumed three quarters of 
those that were given out — nine thousand six hundred and five, out of twelve 
thousand six hundred and forty-five. 

During the second year, the society removed its kitchen from its own 
rooms to the Camden Street Hospital. A committee of thirty ladies assumed 
exclusive charge of the diet room, serving faithfully in all weathers. A read- 
ing room for the convalescents was next established, at the suggestion of the 
chaplain, and stocked with papers, magazines, tracts, and games. Magic lan- 
tern exhibitions were given in the wards, for the amusement of those yet 
unable to leave their beds. Concerts followed in the dining-room of the hos- 
pital, five taking place during the year. Sabbath services were regularly held, 
three choirs taking turns in furnishing the music, and, after the services, going 
through the building and singing lu-mns in the wards. 

Nearly $6,000 were received during this year, and twenty-three thousand 
articles were collected, made or purchased, and distributed ; and in this enu- 
meration, articles that can neither be worn nor eaten, are not included : books, 
games, crutches, pillows. Of these, immense numbers were given out. Aid, 
in money or in kind, came from Springfield, New Bedford, Roxbury, Worces- 
ter, Providence, Hartford, Stouington, Bo.stoii, Portland, Salem, Philadelphia. 
The society continued its labors throughout the war. 

For a long period prior to the war, there had been in New^ York an organ- 
ization for social and charitable purposes, called the New England Society ; 
and soon after the breaking out of the rebellion, this society became the 
nucleus of a wider and less formal organization, known as the Sons of New 
England. In April, 18G2, these gentlemen. New Englanders resident in New 
Yoi'k, formed an association called the New England Soldiers' Relief 
Association, the object of which was " to aid and care for all sick and 
wounded soldiers passing through the City of New York, on their way to or 
from the war." A building, rented and furnished for the purpose. No. ]98 
Broadway, in close proximity to the steamboat landings and railroad stations, 
was opened for the reception of its beneficiaries on the 8th of the month. The 
board of officers was constituted as follows : 

Chairmitn. Vice- Chairman, 

WiLLIA.M M. EVARTS. ChARLES GOILD. 

Treasurer^ Cnrre.tpontiin/j Secretary, 

Samuel E. Low. William II. L. Barnes. 



NEW ENGLAND SOLDIERS' RELIEF ASSOCIATION. 329 

Recording SecreUiriea, 
William lioXD, Maurice Perkins. 

Resident Surijiaii. Matron, 

Everett IIerrick, M. D. Mrs. E. A. Russell. 

Col. Frank E. Ilowe, military agent for the states of Maine, New Hamp- 
shire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Indiana, was made 
superintendent. The Home thus established has never received any state 
assistance, l)ut has always depended u})on private sources for its funds — 
upon individuals, benevolent societies, and town and church organizations. 
Its expenses have averaged $1,200 a month, with which sum it has enter- 
tained, lodged, fed, aided and clothed, each month, some sixteen hundred 
men. A brief description of the building and its uses may be of interest. 

The structure is five stories high, the association occupying them all 
except the ground floor, in which the superintendent conducts his private 
business. On the first story is the reception and baggage room, the regis- 
try-desk, ami the office of the society, the latter containing closets and ward- 
robes, and a library presented by the Christian Commission. The second 
story is a sick-ward, the convalescents being separated from the serious and 
surgical cases ; here also is the resident physician's room and the medical 
supply-table. The Women's Auxiliary Committee furnish the nurses and 
attendants, and very often from their own ranks. Their sympathy, tender- 
ness and charity have been displayed in a thousand ways, and their services 
have been invaluable. The third stoiy is a dormitory, comfortable, well 
lighted and ventilated, and containing eighty-six beds. On the upper story 
are the dining-room, the kitchen, pantries, laundry, and wash-room. Here the 
dusty and travel-worn trooj)i'r may have his under-clothes washed, ironed, and 
returned, between sunrise and sunset. 

From April 9th, 1862, to February 1st, 1865, the association received, regis- 
tered, lodged, fed, aided and clothed about sixty thousand soldiers, many of 
them wounded or disabled. Two-thirds of them were from New England. 

A hospital record, compiled by this association, has proved of the greatest 
value. This labor was undertaken in consequence of the great number of 
applications received for assistance in obtaining information of soldiers 
known to be, or to have been, in some one of the government hospitals in 
the vicinity of the city. A regular sj^stem of hospital visiting was instituted, 
and a registry thus made and preserved of the name, company, regiment, 
residence, disease or wound, condition and final disposition of every soldier 
in these hospitals. Many of these invalids were supplied with the means 



330 THE TRIBUTE COOK. 

of communicating with their friends, and, when permitted to go home, were 
assisted in getting there. Useful as tlie record has proved during the war, it 
will doubtless be of greater permanent value. 

In many other ways tlie association has rendered aid and comfort to the 
soldier. It sent nurses or guides with such as needed their assistance, to the 
point of departure, and, in urgent cases, caused them to be accompanied to 
their destination. It gave certificates, upon which the raih-oad and steam- 
boat companies furnished transportation at government rates. In case of 
death, it sent the remains home, or caused them to be decently buried at 
Cypress Hill. It was tlie temporary custodian of large amounts of soldiers' 
money, which would otherwise have been squandered, lost, or stolen. It fur- 
nished every soldier who desired them, whether in its own rooms or govern- 
ment hospitals, paper, pens, envelopes and postage-stamps — one hundred and 
seventy-five letters a day having been often mailed through its agency. A 
postage-stamp account, however, was rendered to the various states for the 
amount of the aid thus given, and reimbursement was made in every case. 

Eeligious services were held in the reception-room on Sunday afternoon, 
conducted both by clergymen of the various denominations and by army chap- 
lains. Devotional music was not forgotten, the ladies and gentlemen of the 
Harmonic Society discharging tlie duties of a regular choir — duties, in this 
case, self-imposed. We have all heard of a voluntary upon the organ ; but the 
worshippers at the soldiers' chapel, though they heard no organ, listened 
to nothing that was not voluntary — prayer, psalm, hymn, sermon, benedic- 
tion. 

The Night-Watchers' Association was a feature peculiar to the New 
England Relief Society. It grew out of the following circumstances : Nurses 
had been readily furnished at the outset by the Women's Auxiliary Commit- 
tee, to serve during the day-time ; but during their absence at night, the good 
effects of their care and attention were often undone by the mistakes and 
neglect of those hired to replace them. It was proposed by the superintend- 
ent, as a remedy for this, " that the nig'nt service should be given up to 
young men, whose character and motives should be a sufficient warrant of 
their fidelity." This was done, during the first summer, with entire success; 
and in the fall, the Night- Watchers' Association was formed, twenty-eight 
young men joining it under the jiresidency of Mr. Luther M. Jones. The 
members possessed the necessary tact and skill to deal with sick men, and, 
making the service a matter of personal responsibility and sacrifice, held 
themselves and each other to a conscientious discharge of the duties assumed. 



THE WOMEN'S AUXILIARY COMMITTEE. 331 

A weekly visiting committee went through the rooms late in the evening, pre- 
pared, if the requisite number of watchers was not present, to remain themselves. 

In regard to the labors of the Women's Auxiliary Committee, the super- 
intendent bears witness that their never-failing presence, counsel, and zeal, 
rendered the eftbrts of the association economical and discriminating ; and 
that, thi-ough their ministrations, many a home-sick, suffering soldier has 
found those sympathies and that unselfish care which he believed he should 
meet only in his distant home and among his kindred. 

Now, when we are told that this institution has been carried on, that these 
services have been rendered, at a cost of about one thousand dollars a month, 
what are we to understand? Simply this: that a few gross, practical matters 
have been arranged and bargained for, money being the coarse and senseless 
agent; but that nine-tenths of the positive utility of this, and. indeed, of all 
similar enterprises, flow from the fact, that nearly every service performed is 
not only unbought, but unpurchasable. The rent, certain salaries, a few arti- 
cles of furniture, food and medicines, are paid for; upon the rest, being price- 
less, no price is set. The sympathetic care of the ladies who serve by day, 
of the devoted young men who watch by night; the supervision of those 
who ask and expect no reward; the spiritual counsel, which, in pulpits such 
as these, at least, is not requited in measures of value; the hymns which 
ascend from the soldiers' chapels, unsalaried and unalloyed — who shall esti- 
mate the money value of that which money cannot buy? The purpose of this 
book i.s, indeed, to enable both the writer and the reader to form some idea of 
what has been gratuitously done, and, for want of a better standard, to meas- 
ure it by our ordinary methods ; and we may place an estimate upon the mere 
manual and physical labor performed, because this might have been done for 
wages ; but we shall not make the mistake of seeking to reckon the money 
value of any pains assuaged, any life preserved, any faith sustained, or any 
death made hopeful. 

Our space not permitting us to do more, we sulyoin a list of the members 
of the Women's Auxiliary Committee and the Night- Watchers' Association 
for the year 1803 : 

women's ArXILIARY COMMITTEE. 

Mrs. Samuel Osgood, Miss Gertrude Nott, Miss An:^a Sterling, 
.1. W. Post, " Fanny Seton, " Mary Porter, 

'• A. Brookes, Mrs. Frank E. Howe, Mrs. Woolsey G. Sterling, 

" AV. Graham Sterling, Miss Kneeland, " O. B. FROTiiiNonAM, 

Miss Johnston, Mrs. E. W. Stougiiton, Miss .Jane S. Woolsey, 

Mrs. G. C. Collins, " Frederick G. Swan. Mrs. Nehemiaii Knight, 



332 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Mrs. CiiAHLES Gould, Miss Mai'.y E. Farless, Mrs. E. R. Peaslee, 

Miss Marianna Hale, " Sarah II. Bostwick, " W. II. Urowx. 

Mrs. E. B. Merrill, Mrs. George Browne, Miss Mary Hillard, 

" M. O. Roberts, Miss Martin, Mrs. S. C. Dow.n-ing. 

NioiiT- watchers' association. 

Board of Directors. 

Charles T. Coggeshall, President. W. Maudren, Vice-President. 

E. \V. CoGGE.snALL, Secretary. 

S. T. Broker, J. S. Coffin, J. V. II. Xott, 

C. T. Coggeshall, E. H. Carle, A. E. Oaklet, 

E. W. Coggeshall. Jacob Carson, E. L. Phipps, 

Geo. H. Cook, J. S. Franklin, L. Porter, 

B. II. Cock, R. B. Lockwood, S. II. Seaman, 

John Cock, C. W. Lawrence, "W. II. Seaman, 

J. W. Carpenter, B. Mitchell, F. E. Engelharht. 

Marshall Clements, W. Maddren, 

Tlie Penn Eelief As.sociation of Philadelphia was organized on the 7th of 
May, 1862, by a number of ladies, "who felt called upon, by the exigencie.s of 
the times, to leave the private pursuits of home, to see what could be done 
towards mitigating suffering in our militarv hosj)itals." 

The following were the officers of the Association at different times : 

Prrsidents. 
Rachel S. Evans, Anna M. Needles. 

Vice- Presidents, 
Hannah J. Jenkins, IltrLDAii Justice, 

Hettie W. Chapman. Elizabeth B. (iARRiouES. 

EecordiiKj Secretaries, 
Anna P. Little, Elizabeth Newport. 

Oorresjiondiiifj Secretaries, 
Anna R. Justice, Sallie R. Gaerioues. 

Treifsitrers, 
Mart M. Scrantox, Anna S. Wueaton. 

In six months after its organization, the society numbered two hundred 
members ; visiting committees were appointed, the hospitals were regularly 
looked after, weekly reports being made of their condition and needs. The 
fame of the association extended to the lines of the armj^, and appeals for aid 
came even from the battle-field. All of these the association was able to 
answer, and during the first year, at least, they had the gratifying assurance 
that all the stores forwarded reached their destination. Pithy acknowledg- 
ments from the recipients told how welcome they were: ''That keg of pickled 
cabbage was capital." '■ Those onions and apples were very acceptable." 



THE TENN RELIEF ASSOCIATION. 333 

"Everything was in perfect order : the soldiers cappreciate your generosity." 
"It would have rejoiced the hearts of the ladies to sec the eyes that fell on 
those home-made-looking loaves and rusk. One .says, 'Why, this reminds me 
of home;' and another, 'Yes, and they taste like home, too, just as if mot' r 
made them.' " " The pillows were a great comfort: one boy pressed his pillow 
to his clieek, and said, ' Only think of my having anything as nice as this in 
camp !' " " I took some of your farina and stewed fi'uit and crackers to an old 
man of sixty in the convalescent camp, who liad taken nothing for four days. 
He ate them with a relish, and was most grateful." "The ham will Ije a great 
luxury, as it docs not come on the diet-table, and will give just the relish the 
men want with their bread and butter. I shall be glad no longer to turn a 
deaf ear to the frequent call for jiickles. The tomatoes are far more welcome 
than jellies, and the fruit always seems to come fresh from the hand that 
picked it. The sugar was the kind I was wanting to mix with some oranges 
too sour to be risked alone." 

The regular systematic labor of the Relief, however, was iu the United 
States hospitals located in Philadelphia. Eighteen of them were indebted to 
the association for about twenty thousand articles during the first year ; an 
article being now a shirt, now a pillow, now a crutch, now a bottle of wine, 
now ajar of preserves; while ten thousand more were sent to remote points 
and to armies in the field. Nine tenths of the receipts of the society were in 
kind, the cash donations being not quite $3,800. 

The demands upon the Relief during the second year were not so great as 
during the first, but they came in a different form. The soil of Peimsylvania 
was invaded, hospitals and scenes of suffering were multiplied almost at the 
gates of the city. During the progress of the campaign that closinl at (jettvs- 
burg, the rooms were tilled with ladies, sewing, packing, and dispatching 
goods to the threatened districts ; and the Penn Relief stores were among the 
iirst that reached the battle-field. Several of the members offered their ser- 
vices as nurses in the improvised hospitals which sprang up about the scene 
of that fierce encounter. 

The society had the satisfaction — not of sending boxes of stores to Ricli- 
mond — but of receiving the assurance, upon their being sent there, that the 
Union prisoners, for whom they were intended, actually received them. 

The cash receipts were nearly $6,400 ; those in kind were large enough to 
enable the society to furnish fourteen thousand two hundred and tliirty-two 
articles to hospitals and to claimants in the field. It continued its labors as 
long as the necessity existed. 



834 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



IRCUMSTANCES not Only alter cases, but they even 
invent them, and sometimes they form societies. 
The Rose Hill Ladies' Soldiers' Relief Association, 
of New York, had a pleasant and accidental origin. 
A number of ladies were holding a raspberry festi- 
val in the Twenty-seventh Street Church, in the 
summer of 1862. More berries had been provided 
than were eaten, and a suggestion made by one of 
the joarty to send the surplus to the soldiers, was 
acted upon. They were taken to Bellevue Hospital, 
and the delight and gratitude of the wounded men congregated there were 
such that the ladies who had been on the first errand, went again and again, 
laden with similar gifts. The advantage of concerted action was soon made 
apparent, and on the 12th of August, the organization of a society, named as 
above, was eifected. The object was the relief of sick and wounded soldiers 
in the hospitals of New York and vicinity, and the temporary care of dis- 
charged soldiers, even if not sick or wounded. The officers were as follows : 




First Directress, 
Mi!s. Richard Kelly. 

Tredsurer, 

MliS. WtLLIAM RVER. 



Second Directress, 
Mks. C. V. Clarksox. 

Recording Secretary, 
Mrs. WnxiAM III nting. 



Corrcspoiidiiif; Secretary, Mrs. Charles S. Westcott; afterwards, Mi!s. A. G. Ddnn. 



The first resources of the society were contributions made by its own mem- 
bers ; these were augmented by a concert and fair, the proceeds of which, 
nearly $2,200, enabled it to continue its ministrations. The soldiers were 
visited almost daily, and supplied with clothing and delicate food; the board 
of several was paid at St. Luke's Hospital; some were furnished with means 
to reach their homes, and one was sent to his fatherland in Germany. Several, 
who would otherwise have found paupers' graves, were decently buried. A 
Thanksgiving dinner was furnished to the three hundred soldiers collected at 
Bellevue, the dinner not ceasing with the dessert, but lingering pleasantly on, 
while speeches were delivered and patriotic songs sung. The first year's 
receipts were $3,400. 

During the second year both the means and the sphere of action of the 
societ}^ were considerably extended. A concert by Mr. Gottschalk, an enter- 
tainment by Mr. Stephen C. Massett, a fair, a collection at the Corn Exchange, 
and generous private donations, enabled the ladies of Rose Hill to enlarge 



TWO IIUXDUE]) AND FOllTY-TIIREE HOSPITALS. 335 

their circle of visits, and while eontiiming their ministrations at Bellevuc and 
St. Lukes, to include, in their generous work, the hospitals of Central Park, 
Willett's Point, David's Island, Blackwell's Island, and the Battery. Christ- 
mas and Thanksgiving dinners were given to all, and fruit was furnished to 
the Central Park on the Fourth of July. 

A dying soldier placed $50 in tlie hands of the chaplain, to be used as he 
thought proper, for the benefit of the soldiers. This became the nucleus <.)f a 
fund for the purchase of an organ for the Willett's Point hospital. Eighty 
dollars more were obtained by special contribution ; a sympathizing firm of 
organ builders offered an instrument worth $170 for $130; and thus it was 
that the soldiers sang hymns on Sundays, and national and secular airs any 
other day they liked. The sccoml year's receipts were $6,100. 

The society maintained its organization while the war lasted, and, at its 
close, became the beneficiary of certain unexpended balances of recruiting and 
bounty funds. 

The associations which we have mentioned in this chapter, though the 
most important of those which have kept uj) an independent existence, are by 
no means all. At one period there were in the country TWO hundred and 
FORTY-THREE government hospitals, and every one of them either attracted to 
itself its regular circle of ministering attendants, or, if left to the chance visits 
and sympathy of those who were drawn thitlier by accident, hardly suffered 
in comparison with the others. The number of persons who have jjerlbrmed 
these errands of love, if it could be computed, would doubtless astound us; 
and they all went away empty-handed. Many a man, who formerly spent his 
thousands a year upon his picture gallery or his library, has diverted the cur- 
rent of his bounty : many a woman has practised daily, systematic self-denial, 
that she might go better laden to the sick soldier's bedside. The brief sketches 
whicli we have given of certain organized efforts to make a sojourn in the 
hospital more tolerable, must not only stand for themselves, but for those we 
have omitted: and they ma}^ serve, with this reminder, to fix in the reader's 
memory the fact, that hundreds of thousands of persons, belonging to no 
regular hospital aid society, visited the hospitals as the spirit moved. The 
basket on the arm, the distended pocket, the burdened servant, told jilainly 
enough what the errand was, where the heart and sympathies were. We shall 
tiy to put all this into figures in another place. 



CHAPTEK IX. 




HRISTIANITY in the army! A worthy object, worthi- 
ly undertaken, and, as we shall see, untiringly and suc- 
cessfully prosecuted. The efforts to bring evangelical 
influences to bear ujjon the armies of the United States, 
which, at a later period, assumed concerted action under 
the name of the Christian Commission, commenced in 
an isolated manner in the city of New York, on the 18th of A])ril, 1861. 
Delegates from the Young Men's Christian Assoi. iation, of that citj', met the 
Massachusetts Sixth on its passage, and on tlie next dav visited the New 
York Seventh, then jjrcparing to start for Washington. This association, 
and similar organizations in other cities, made certain of their members Army 
Committees, and these persons spent the three months previous to the battle 



FIRST SUGGESTION OF A CIIRISTIAX COMMISSIOX. 337 

of Bull Run in visiting the camps and barracks, holding jirayer-meetings, and 
distributing Testaments, h^'mn-books, and tracts. 

Mr. Vincent Colyer, who had l)een from the outset a delegate of the Chris- 
tian Association of New York, and who had received in August a permit 
from General Scott " to jaass through the United States lines at all times, in 
the prosecution of his benevolent labors in the camps and hospitals," wrote a 
letter, in October, to the Secretary of the Committee for calling a Convention 
of the Young Men's Christian Associations of the United States, in whicli 
occurred the following passages : 

" I wish to ask the committee, of which you are the honored secretary, to 
earnestly consider the propriety of calling a general convention, at some 
central place, at the earliest practicable day, to consider the spiritual wants of 
the young men of our army, in order that the same may be provided for by 
the appointing of a ' Christian Commission,' whose duty it shall be to take 
entire charge of this work. 

******* 

" The labor is so extensive, and needs such large resources, tliat single 
associations can do but little, and for them to act independently of each other, 
is to increase vastly the expenses, while the labor accomplished will be less; 
and while some sections will receive too much attention, others will be com- 
paratively neglected. 

"I need not say what a blessing such a work will prove to the associations 
themselves. It is well known that many of these societies are now languish- 
ing for the want of means to meet their current expenses; and it might 
reasonably be asked, seemingly, how can they, then, undertake a new and 
extensive work like this? The answer is, they can readily collect money for 
this special army mission, when they cannot for any thing else. The commu- 
nity is so sensitively alive to the wants of the soldiers — nearly every city, town, 
village, or fiimily, having their own citizens or members in the army — that 
the subject takes immediate hold of their sympatliies, and will command their 
ready aid and support. We have tried it, and found it so. 

'• Having had a personal interview with the president of your committee, 
and learned his hearty readiness to co-operate in this work, I visited Boston, 
and there met with an equally cordial response. That society will send an 
able delegate, and our New York Society will select a prominent citizen and 
member to represent it, and, I doubt not, if the time had admitted, other 
societies would have promised the same. I therefore pray that a convention 
of all tlie Young Men's Christian Associations may be called at an early day." 

22 



388 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

A convention of delegates from the Young Men's Christian Associations 
of the country, such as was here suggested, was called, and met at New York, 
on the 16th of November, 1861. Up to this time the delegates of the various 
Christian Associations had received and disbursed about $15,000 in monev 
and stores. A consolidated United States Christian Commission was now 
decided upon, and the following persons were apj^ointed to constitute it : 

Rev. Rollix II. Ne.iii.e, D. D., Boston. Ciiakles De.mond, Boston. 

Rev. Bishop E. S. Janes, D. I)., New York. Mitchell H. Miller, Washington. 

Geo. II. Stuart, Pliiladelpliia. John P. Crozer, Philadelphia. 

Rev. M. L. R. P. TnoMPso.\, I). I)., Cincinnati. Col. Glixtox B. Fisk, St. Lonis. 

John Y. Farwell, Chicago. John D. Hill, M. D., Buffalo. 

Hon. B. F. Manierre, Kew Yorlc. Rev. Benj. C. Cutler, Brooklyn, X. Y. 

The two latter gentlemen retired during the first year, and their places 
were filled by Mr. Jay Cooke, of Philadelphia, and the Rev. James Eells, of 
Brooklyn, N. Y. Headquarters, at first established in New York, were sub- 
sequently removed to Philadelphia. 

The board of officers and the executive committee of the commission 
stood, after several appointments and resignations, composed of the following 
gentlemen : 

Ch a irm a n , Tre<u vrer, 

Geo. H. Stuart. Jos. Patterson. 

Secretary, 
Ret. W. E. Boardman, 

Executive Committee. 
Geo. II. Stcart. Chairman, PIiiln(k'l|iliin. Charles De.mond, Boston. 

Rev. Bishop E. S. Janes, D. I»., Now York. John P. Crozer, Philadelphia. 

Jay Cooke, PliiladL-lpliia. 

The object of the commission was to promote the spiritual and temporal 
welfare of the officers and men of the United States army and navy, in co- 
operation with chaplains and others ; and, as subsidiary to this, " to arouse the 
Christian associations and the Christian men and women of the loyal states to 
such action towards the men in our army and navy, as would be pleasing to 
the Master; to obtain and direct volunteer labors, and to collect stores and 
money with which to supply whatever was needed, reading matter, and 
articles necessary for health not furnished by government or other agencies, 
and to give the ofiicers and men of our army and navy the best Christian min- 
istries for both body and soul possible in their circumstances.'' 



ARMY COMMITTEES. 339 

The first work of the commission was to make its objects known, and to 
create an interest in its plans and purposes ; the second was to appeal to tlie 
people, if they liked the design, for the means of carrying it out ; the third, to 
devote the stores thus olitained, whither collected or purchased, to the uses 
intended. The public attention was speedily enlisted, the machinery used 
being the very simple one of public meetings. 

The Boston Army Committee held eight such meetings in Boston, and 
twenty-eight in various parts of New England, during the first year, collecting 
$7,500, and forwarding seven hundred packages of stores. They lield six 
hundred and thirteen prayer-meetings on board the receiving ship Ohio, the 
crowded assemblages reaching down far below the water-line, using in their 
laljors some twenty thousand copies of prayer-books, Testaments, hymn-books, 
and tracts. 

The Brooklyn Army Committee held twenty meetings in the churches, in 
behalf of the soldiers, collected and distributed two hundred and sixty-three 
barrels and boxes of stores, ten thousand bound volumes, fifteen thousand 
magazines and pamphlets, twenty-five thousand papers, one hundred thousand 
pages of tracts. The value of these stores and publications was about $25,000 ; 
the money disbursed, about $3,800. 

The Philadelphia Army Committee began at a date somewhat earlier than 
the others, and labored through the heat and burden of the day. On every 
Sabbath evening of the year, with the exception of one or two in midsummer, 
meetings were held in churches of all denominations; these were invariably 
crowded, and the exercises were always interesting, often thrilling. Fifty 
delegates, principally clergymen, were sent to the field, two hundred others 
prosecuting the home work in the camps and hospitals. Three hundred and 
forty-five religious meetings were held with soldiers and sailors. The govern- 
ment having failed to supply the hospitals with milk, the committee made an 
arrangement with dairymen, by which forty thousand quarts were furnished, 
fifteen hundred quarts having been a gratuitous contribution. The commit- 
tee also undertook the labor of keeping a complete record of all Pennsylvania 
soldiers in and around the city, engaging to visit them weekly, to assist them 
in communicating with their homes, and to give them opportunities for reli- 
gious conversation and spiritual benefit. The Philadelphia Central Office, 
which disbursed not only its own collections, but such other fimds as were 
sent to it by local committees, received and expended $20,000 in money, and 
over $90,000 in stores, during the first year. 

The Maryland Committee may be said to have been alrea<ly in existence 



340 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

when the Christian Commission was organized. Mr. G. S. Griffith had, at the 
first outbreak, called a meeting of clergymen and laymen, of different de- 
nominations, at his house in Baltimore, for the purpose of forming an associa- 
tion to minister to the sjjiritual needs of the army. He urged the importance 
of exerting a moral influence over the thousands that were even then rushing 
to arms; of furnishing them with good reading-matter, and of enabling chap- 
lains to work efficiently among them. Such an association was formed that 
night; it was called the Baltimore Christian Association, and fifty men at 
once entered their field of duty under its auspices. When the United States 
Christian Commission was organized, the Baltimore Association became aux- 
iliary to it, under the name of the Maryland Committee, Mr. Griffith becoming 
chairman, Dr. John N. McJilton, secretar}', and Eev. George P. Hays, treasu- 
rer. The district under their immediate control comprised Maryland, Dela- 
\vare, and Western Virginia. Occupying a delicate position in a community 
which was far irom. sympathizing with them, they made up for their disadvan- 
tage of situation by zeal. They sent sixty delegates to the field during the 
first year, while five hundred persons, male and female, found constant em- 
jjloyment at home, in camp and hospital. They held eight hundred and sixty 
prayer-meetings, distributing, besides Bibles, praver-books, and pamphlets, 
four million pages of tracts. They expended, in local work, $2,800, and 
distributed five hundred cases of stores. 

The Washington Committee had an almost boundless field of work, 
and hibored in it indefatigably. They held five hundred religious meetings, 
distributed twenty thousand Testaments, and nearly half a million pages of 
tracts. One special opportunity was offered to this association, and they 
employed a missionary to profit by it. The teamsters and laborers con- 
nected with the Quartermaster's Department were herded together in two 
vast camps, away from home influence, surrounded by temptation, obtaining 
liquor easily, knowing no Sabbath, caring for no one, and with no one, 
apparently, to care for them. They would not attend church, thougli invited 
to do so. Into the midst of these hardened outcasts came one day tlie 
Rev. ]\Ir. Lyford, the missionary of the association, accompanied by his wife, 
who was proficient in sacred music. They stood upon a box and began to 
sing. A woman singing is vastly more winning than a man praying, in 
the view of such a multitude, and they collected to listen. After the sing- 
ing, thev lieard a familiar talk about their families, about their hardships, 
and those who were willing and anxious to lighten them ; then anotlier song, 
and, finally, prayer. The responsive choi'd had been touched at last, and the 



ARMY COMMITTEES. 



341 



blasphemous throng were soon after building a canvas chapel. Planks placed 
across bales of liaj formed scats, and a rude jnilpit was constructed with 
barrels and boxes, and here regular services were afterwards held. In tlie 
other teamsters' park was an abandoned school-house, and when the genial 
influence had reached them from the neighboring camp, they took it for a 
church, enlarging it by the addition of an awning, so that the preacher 
could stand in the doorway, and speak to the men both inside and out. 




CUK18TIAN COMMISSION IN TIIF. FIELD. 



The Chicago Committee held thirty-eight public meetings, in which the 
claims of the cause were forcibly presented. They expended $4:,000, dis- 
tributed one hundred thousand books, papers, and tracts, and four hundred 
packages of stores. They sent thirty delegates to the field, the home work 
being divided among several hundred persons. Twelve hundred religious 
meetings were held; a chapel was built in Camp Douglas, the ladies furnishing 
the matei-ials, and the soldiers doing the work. Services were of daily occur- 
rence, and a thousand persons were often present. The members of the com- 
mission went about among the men, offering healthy reading in exchange for 
playing-cards, and plying, it seems, a very prosperous trade. After a season 
of revivals, and at a time when several regiments were about to leave for the 



343 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

south, a Soldiers' Communion was proposed. The denominational differences 
of the various regimental chaplains were harmonized, and an order of exercises 
satisfactory to all was agreed upon. Long before the hour the chapel was 
crowded. Chaplain Stoughton warned all present against eating and drinking 
irreverently, or even thoughtlessly. Mr. Hoag, whose son, an Illinois colonel, 
was among those intending to commune, served the bread and wine. Over 
two lumdred took the proffered sacrament — war-worn veterans from the Poto- 
mac, and recruits fresh from their homes and pastures. The Eev. Dr. Patter- 
son wrote in November of this vear : " God is evidently at work in our army. 
To-day, at noon meeting, a man who was so wicked that the men removed his 
tent out of hearing, stood np and thanked God for his conversion." 

The Western Army Committee, of St. Louis, had much to discourage 
them during the first year. They nevertheless held three public meetings on 
the soldiers' behalf, and two hundred and forty-seven religious meetings with 
the soldiers. Tiiey expended $2,200, and distributed ninety thousand books, 
papers, and pamphlets, and seven hundred and twenty thousand pages of tracts. 
Services were held in Camp Jackson, and semi-weekly prayer-meetings at 
Camp Benton, and opportunities were sometimes found on board of steamboats 
and on railroad trains. On one occasion a delegate was speaking to an assem- 
bled regiment upon the vice of profanity. Tlie colonel begged him to jiause a 
moment, and then suggested to the men, that if the regiment had any swear- 
ing to do, its colonel was the proper man to do it, and asked them if they 
were willing to leave it to him ; proposing that all who would pledge them- 
selves not to utter an oath till they heard one from his lips, should raise their 
right hands. Every hand was raised : the whole thousand took an oath that 
that oath should be their last. 

The Peoria Committee was organized immediately after the fomiation of 
the Peoria Camp. Prayer-meetings were held till the camp was broken up — • 
eighty in all. Fifteen thousand books and papers, and thirty thousand pages 
of tracts, were distribiited. Here, as elsewhere, the evidence of the delegates 
was, that as long as they had good reading-matter to disseminate, as long as 
there was a library accessible to the men, so long order and discipline were 
easily maintained ; but that cards appeared when the books gave out, and 
that playing for amusement soon degenerated into gambling, and that one 
vice speedily brought the others in its train. 

The Army Committee of Louisville, with twenty thousand soldiers around 
them, found their means small compared with the work at hand. Tlie 
central treasury afforded all the aid in its power enabling them to till a 



SUMMARY OF THE FIRST YEAR. 343 

portion of tlie field. Sunday services were lield in all the hospitals, and 
prayer-meetings in the camps around the city. Seven thousand books and 
papers, and thirty thousand pages of tracts, were distriliuted. 

The New York Committee was not ready for work during this year, the 
constant calls upon the purses of the citizens for other purposes causing a 
delay of some months. 

In regard to the facilities of the Christian Commission for accomplishuig a 
great deal at small cost, the following facts appear : The delegates sent to 
the front, as well as those employed upon the home work, were, for the most 
part, clergymen, and gave their services freely. Ample means were secured 
in this way to distribute all the stores contributed, or purchased with moneys 
subscribed. Office-room, storage, the services of clerks and porters at the 
central office in Philadelphia, were all given by the chairman of the connnis- 
sion, IMr. George II. Stuart, who also devoted his own time and labor to the 
cause, without charge. The government and its officers furnished transporta- 
tion, passes, stores, and the use of ambulances. All railroads ajjplied to 
gave free passes to delegates, and all telegraph companies free transmission 
of business dispatches. The American Bible Society gave Testaments liy the 
thousand; the American Tract Society furnished tracts literally by the mil- 
lion pages ; and the various publication societies and boards, countless num- 
bers of their numerous useful issues. The people gave money and stores. 
The following table of the first year's operations gives a comprehensive view 
of what was accomplished : 

Number of Christian ministers and laymen enmiriissinned td minister, at the 

seat of war, to men on tlie field, and in camps and hospitals 356 

Number of Christians actively working with the army committees in the home 

work 1/133 

Meetings held with soldiers and sailors, in camps and hos[iitaIs, exclusive of 

those at the seat of war 3,945 

Public meetings held on behalf of the soldiers and sailors 188 

Bibles and Testaments distributed 102,560 

Books (large and small) for soldiers, distributed 115,757 

Magazines and pamphlets, religions and secular, distributed 34,653 

Soldiers' and sailors' hymn and psalm books distriliuted 130,697 

Papers distributed 384, 781 

Pages of tracts, &c., distributed 10,953,700 

Temperance documents distributed 300,000 

Libraries sup]ilied to hospitals, ifcc 23 

Boxes and barrels of stores and publications distributee! 3,691 

In the following table the money value of all contributions and services is 
given, as near as may be : 



344 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Casli receipts at Central and Rram-li Ofiices 5;40,KiO 29 

Value of stores and publieations 14'2,lo0 On 

'• •■ delegates' services 21,300 00 

" " Kailroad facilities 13,680 00 

" " Telegraph " 3,r>oO 00 

" '■ Scni)tures fnrnished by the American Bible Society 10,256 00 

Total $231,256 29 

The second year opened with still brighter promises for the Christian 
Commission. The New York Committee was finally organized, and their 
plans were laid for a vigorous campaign. Their field of operations was 
set down thus : the vessels of war, the transports fitted out in the harbor. 
and the squadrons supplied from them — that is, the bulk of the navy ; all 
the forts, camps, and hospitals around New York not otherwise cared for ; 
and the armies, camps and hospitals on the entire Atlantic coast: One hun- 
dred and fifty thousand men were embraced within this plan, one-tenth of 
them estimated to be in hospitals. The field of supply for the New York 
branch treasury was thus assigned : New York, Connecticut, and eastern New 
Jersey. 

The most imposing public meeting held in behalf of the commission 
took place in New York, February 9th, 1863, at the Academy of Music, 
under the presidency of Lieutenant-General Scott. The edifice was densely 
crowded. The audience were requested not to indulge in applause upon the 
entrance of the presiding ofiicer. They might evince their respect by silently 
rising, thus testifying their veneration for a twice sacred cause — sacred in its 
objects, and sacred in the day on which its claims were urged. This request 
was implicitly obeyed. The addresses made during the evening were in the 
highest degree impressive ; their influence was felt throughout the city and 
surrounding country ; and the New York Committee commenced their labors 
with $10,000 in the treasury, the result of this single meeting. 

During this year the commission had free transportation upon twenty 
thousand miles of railway, and sent and received unpaid dispatches over as 
many miles of wire. Ministers and laymen gave their services in greater 
numbers than before. The large hotels throughout the country ojjened their 
doors to the delegates, and spread their tables with the best before them, and 
made no charge. The rich contributed generously, and the offerings of the 
poor were perhaps more generous still, even if not so large. Tlie churches, 
the aid societies, the cliildren, were never more active ; collections were never 
more numerous, while no one grumbled at their frequency. Gifts were 
received from Americans abroad, and a helping hand was even extended 



AN APPEAL FOR ICE. 



345 



from missionaries in Cliiua, India, Turkey and. Labrador. The soldiers made 
requisitions ujxm tlieir regimental funds, and the subscription-book was even 
handed about on the decks of men-of-war, and deep down in the forecastle. 
The olhcers of the Pocahontas sent $-i-i, and the crew $101.50. The Bible 
Society continued to furnish Testaments without stint and without price ; tract 
houses and publishers of religious papers gave large quantities of their pub- 
lications, and furnished others at cost. 




A GUNBOAT SCBSCItlPTION I.N AID OF TIIK CHRISTIAN COMMISSION. 



The means adopted to reach the public ear were simple, and cost literally 
nothing. Now and then a public meeting, the sympathetic action of the 
churches, and the constant iteration of the daily press, nnbought and free, 
constituted the sole machinery. Delegates returned from the field told their 
story from place to place, and never in vain. After the battle of Gettysburg, 
Messrs. Tobey and Demond, of the Boston Christian Association, .'^at at a 
table in the Merchants' Exchange, and received from persons who had been 
moved, but not personally solicited, $10,000. An appeal for ice for the 
sailors sweltering in iron-clads under the midsummer sun at Charleston, was 
circulated at the dinner-tables at Saratoga, under the auspices of Mr. Stuart 
and Governor Morgan of New York. Such an appeal, made where the adepts 
were cooling their champagne, and the unskillful were icing their claret — 
where the refreshing crystal lay in capacious bowls, and where silver-capped 



346 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

bottles were plunged up to their necks in the grateful refrigerant — was not 
likely to pass unheeded, and it did not. In less than twenty-four hours, an 
order for $3,200 worth of ice bad been telegTaphed to Boston, and the cargo 
was on its way to the south. The city of Providence, where no aid had as 
vet been asked, contributed $7,000 in ten days. The town of Pottsville, in 
Pennsvlvauia, gave $3,000, and a generous donation of coal to soldiers' families. 
This coal, or the first instalment of it, three hundred tons, came without chai-ge 
over the Reading Railroad. The Thanksgiving offerings of such churches 
as, in 1863, made their alms and oblations through the Christian Commis- 
sion, amounted to $90,000. At a single meeting at the Cliui-ch of the 
Epiphany, in Philadelphia, $12,000 were contributed; $9,000 were received 
from ordinary church collections during the year. The American Bible 
Society's contributions in copies of the Scriptures were of the money value of 
$45,000. The collections of the New York Army Committee amounted to no 
less a sum than $60,000, obtained principally by personal application, or 
from churches. The value of the three million tracts, papers, &r., distributed 
by the New York Committee, was over $27,000. 

Early in 1863, President Lincoln received the following letter: 

" Dear President : 

"I hope you will pardon me for troubling you. Ohio is ni}- native State, 

and I so much wish to send a trifle in the shape of a £5 Bank of England 

note, to buy Bibles for the poor, wounded soldiers of the North, which I hope 

the}' may read. 

•' Yours, very respectfully, 

"Mary Talbot Sorly, 

"Firclitf, Darby Dale, Derbyshire, England."' 

This five pound note was sent by Mr. Lincoln to Mr. Stuart. 

The value of the contributions of all kinds to the Christian Commission 
during the year 1863, and the amount of work done, are given in the follow- 
ing tables : 

CiLsh received at the Central and Rraneh Offices $358,239 29 

Value of stores contributed 385,829 07 

" Scriptures contributed by the American Bible Society 45,071 50 

British and Foreign Bible Society 1,677 79 

" railro.id faciUties ■contributed 44,210 00 

" telegraph " " ^9,390 0-1 

" delegates' services 72,420 00 

Total $916,837 65 



TUE MARYLAND STATE FAIR. 347 

Christian ministers and laymen ccimrais^idiKMl to ministiT to irie'ii on battle-fields, 

and in camps, hospitals and ships 1,207 

Copies of Scriptures distributed 405,715 

IIvuiu and Psalm Books distributed 371,859 

Knapsack Books distributed 1,254,591 

Library " " 89,713 

Magazines and Pamphlets distributed 120,492 

Religious Newspapers " 2,931, 4(i9 

Pages of Tracts " 11,976,722 

Silent Comforters, &c., '• 3,285 

Boxes forwarded 1 2,048 

During its third year the Christian Commission held its only fair, an event 
which occurred in this wise: Tlie first suggestion relative to a fair in Balti- 
more, was made by Mrs. C. J. Bowen in the spring of 1864, in a conversation 
with Mrs. Alex. Turnbull. The idea was, in the minds of tliese ladies, that it 
should be held for the benefit of the Sanitary Commission, but when submit- 
ted to Mrs. Alphens Hyatt, was amended so as to admit the Christian Com- 
mission upon equal terms. In this form the proposition was laid befoi'e the 
Maryland Committee of the Commission, who regarded it with lavor, and 
furnished all assistance in its power, and offering, as an earnest of its good- 
will, to become responsible for the necessary expenses of preparation. A 
meeting of ladies was called, and the Maryland State Fair Association organ- 
ized. The offices were at first filled by the appointment of ladies, but as the 
undertaking seemed somewhat too arduous to be confided to them alone, gen- 
tlemen were selected to assist them. The Board of Directors and the Execu- 
tive Committee were thus constituted : 

PreHtdent, 
Miis. Gov. Bradford, assisted by Wm. J. Albert. 
Treiisurer, 
" Alpfieus lIvATT, .assisted by IIenrt Janes. 

Recording Secretary, 
" Camillus Kidder, assisted by James Caret Coale. 

Corrcxponding Secretary, 
" Almira Lincoln Phelps, assisted by James Carey Coale. 
Joint Execiitire Committee. 
Mrs. Alex. Turnbull, assisted by Ge.v. John S. Berry. 
" C. J. Bowen, assisted by Jos. IL Meredith. 
" A. Lincoln Phelp.s, assisted by Gerard T. Hopkins. 
" Wm. J. Albert, assisted by James Carey Coale. 
" Alpheus Hyatt, assisted by Tiios. J. Morris. 
" Camillus Kiddei!, assisted by Geo. Gildersleate. 
" James D. Mason, assisted by James W. Tyson. 
" JoiiN S. Berry, assisted by James D. Mason. 
" Charles Spilcker, assisted by Rev. John "W. Randommi.. 



348 THE TRIBUTE COOK. 

Ladies' Committee on Reception, Mrs. Royal T. Cncp.cii, Cliitinnnn. 

Finance Committee, Tiios. Swanx, Chairman. 

Committee on Fine Arts, Geo. B. Coale, Chairman. 

Committee on Rooms and Decorations, Woodwahd Abkaiiams, Chair?nan. 

Committee on Order, Sebastian F. Streeter, Chairman. 

Committee on Lectures, Hon. llcon L. Bond, Chairman. 

The labor of preparation continued for several weeks, the difTicullies and 
embarrassments which, under the most favoralde circumstances, attend such 
enterprises, being, for obvious reasons, more numerous and formidable in Bal- 
timore than elsewhere. But the zeal of the ladies shone briirhtest under 







RESIBTINO THE SOLDIERS. ArUIL lOlH, ISfal. GIVING THE SOLDIERS AID AND COMFORT, APRIL 19tIT. IS&l 

discouragement, and the idea of failure, or even postponement, was never 
entertained. The fair opened on the appointed day. 

The Maryland State fliir was held in the hall of the Maryland Institute, a 
long and narrow building, of capacity far greater than would appear at first 
sight. In this one building were the immense hall in which the fair proper 
was held, a Refectory, an Art Gallery, and a New England Kitchen. All was 
ready on the IStli of April, 18G4, the third anniversary of the first spilling of 
blood in Baltimore after the fall of Sumter — the President of the United 
States taking part in the ceremonies of inauguration. 



i 



SOME BALTIMORE TABLES. 349 

Pretty names the Baltiraoreans had for their tables : for instance, the 
Union Slipper Circle. Here was a goddess of liberty, draped in the folds of 
Old Glorj' ; a flannel skirt worked in red, white and blue, by a Union lady 
of Charleston ; a bridal party of dolls on their way home from church ; a chess- 
table worked in beads ; the battle-flags of the Second and Third Maryland ; 
aprons made by soldiers ; leaves and flowers of wax, and iron-holders with 
appropriate mottoes. "What motto can be appropriate for an iron-holder, you 
ask ? Why, "Polly, put the kettle on !" We all took tea down-stairs, in the 
New England Kitchen. 

Another pretty name for a table was the Cinderella. This was the resort 
of patrons of six and seven 3'ears. Here were dolls and doll-bedsteads, Quaker- 
esses for sale to Jew and pagan. At the Union Knitting Social Circle were 
piles of that species of finger and steel work which the war has fostered into 
the dignity of a manufacture. This trade kee]is no books, however ; the 
assessor of the revenue makes no inquiries, and we shall never learn the dread- 
ful prosperity of those who plied the needle and the yarn. It is well to know, 
however, that if the demand was appalling, the supply kept pace with it. 

Jacob's Well was a species of Spa, where home-brewed Kissingen and 
Vichy were dealt out by dainty cup-bearers to the cosmopolites, and the not 
more native soda-water was drawn for the cit. Lemonade, composed of lemon- 
juice and water from Swann Lake, and Adam's ale, the same beverage with- 
out the lemon-juice, were also constantly on tap. 

At the City Post-office none ever applied in vain. The mail had always 
just arrived, and, singular to say, none of the letters were prepaid. Tiie pen- 
alty attached to receiving an unpaid letter is well known — the jiost-office 
people charge you doul)le, treble, an hundred-fold. 

It was disheartening, after having taken some pains to find the table of 
Anne Arundel — in the conviction that, if Miss Arundel was as beautiful as 
her name, .she must be fair indeed — to discover that it was a county, and not 
a lady. Anne Arundel was aided by Charles, St. Mary's, and Calvert, and 
these were counties too. As these districts were classed as disaffiscted, their 
contributions were only the more interesting. 

A dispatch -post or parcels-delivery, managed by a Mrs. Eve, was so 
prompt and punctual in the discharge of its duties, that it was universally 
remarked. However, this was not astonishing, said a vfit — not a wag — as Eve 
was made to be a m.atch for Adam's Express Company. We believe we 
are not wrong in stating that this was the production of the gentleman who 
remarked that the first language .spoken by babies was Gum Arabic. 



350 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

At the upper end of the hall were the tables of the Central Union Relief 
Association, of the ladies of which we have already had occasion to sjDeak. 
They were the founders of the fair, and, in a great measure, its builders 
and architects besides. Their tables were sumptuously spread, and all were 
invited to partake of the good things set upon the board. Few resisted 
the call, and the tabular statement, some pages further on, gives the result in 
figures. 

The book and p)botograph table oftered many attractions besides those 
of books and photographs. There were "busts of Milton, Patrick Henry, 
and Juno," meerschaums and Killikinnick, Rogers' SharjDshooters — not an 
infringement of Colt's patent, but a group of Union soldiers — Swiss scenes, 
queer boxes made of grains of corn, and other curiosities of literature, the 
arts, and ornamental gardening. The book-worm and the tobacco-worm 
might have met here upon neutral ground. 

Gifts from many cities and many lands had been gathered upon the Art 
Table. Photographs, autographs, and auto-photographs ; shells, mosses, ferns, 
pressed leaves ; paper-cutters, paper-weights, pictures, statuettes ; Union kisses 
for Union children ; the House that Jack Built ; Raphael's Hours ; sewing- 
silk and neck-ties; a nest of boxes; a battle-piece by Landseer and coco- 
aine by Burnett ; a landscape by Herring and cocoa by Baker ; watches 
from Waltham, and an artistic pair of standard scales, in which the Presi- 
dent was weighed by Master Cai'son. 

The Talbot County table offered burr-boxes, framed insects, shingle fans 
carved by a hero of Grettysburg, a basket made of the shavings of a cow's 
horn — perhaps the famous crumpled one of history — a wreath of popped 
corn. Alleghany, Kent, Montgomery, Howard, Harford, Carroll, Frederick, 
Washington, and other counties, offered their best with willing and lavish 
hand. 

The New England Kitchen was organized and managed by eight ladies 
from Bi-ooklyn, who revived on the soil of Maiyland their triumphs in the 
County of Kings. Of course their amiable duties were performed in the 
midst of antiques that harmonized well with their own integuments. A 
cradle, two hundred years of age, old enough to have rocked upon the legend- 
ary tree-top, but too sound to have participated in the then impending 
crash ; chairs from the Mayflower ; a mug that had passed from the moss- 
covered bucket to the lips of "Washington ; shovel and tongs from the Gov- 
ernment House at Annapolis; a mantelpiece and Bible from the Purviance 
House — such was the setting of the Brooklyn ladies in Baltimore. 



RAFFLING IN BALTIMORE. 3/51 

The lisli-poiid was a depth from which the angler pulled such prizes as 
by chance first caught his hook. It made little difference what bait disguised 
the barb, or with what skill the line was bobbed or trolled. The liachelor, 
were he a very Izaak Walton, would draw twin babies ; the clergyman, a har- 
lequin ; the married man, a latch-key ; the chambci-maid, a fan. 

The Art Gallery was an admirable collection of paintings, in which nearly 

every American artist of reputation was worthily represented. It is always 

natural that a good picture should awaken admiration, but there were more 

natural reasons than one why McEntee's "Virginia" should be appreciated 

to the full in Maryland. Maryland might have been what Virginia is — 

wasted, depopulated ; sunk from the mother of presidents into the daughter 

of desolation. The artist had sought, in his picture, to embody a description, 

in Childe Harold, of the dying of the Tree of Freedom : 

Thy tree Imtli lest its l)Iossoms, and the rind, 
Chopp'd hy the axe, loolcs rough and little worth ; 
But the sap lasts — and still the seed wo find 
Sown deep even in the hosora of the North. 
So shall a hetter spring less bitter fruit bring forth. 

No objection was made to raffles at the Baltimore Fair, and numerous 
articles were disposed of by solemn appeal to the lot. What is with us 
known as the toss-up, and what the French designate as the short-straw, was 
often the arbiter in cases which nothing else could decide. The bronze ball- 
player, Mr. Stewart's camel's hair .shawl, the embroidered side-saddle, the 
saddle which was not a side-saddie, the marine telescope, the skeleton flowers 
under glass — a hapjDy acquisition for some one who, having no skeleton in his 
closet, naturally wanted one — the mouchoir which was rough to excoriation 
with embroidery, except in the centre, where there was accommodation for a 
very small nose ; afghans, slippers, cigar-cases, the Headquarters of General 
Grant, statuettes — all went as the dread decree prescribed. No one seemed 
to be deterred from these speculative investments by the memory of him to 
whom an elephant was adjudged by the self-same process. And, indeed, why 
should they ? Those who " see" the elephant are said to pay so dearly for 
the siglit, that it might be profitable to keep one on view. Cake was i-affled 
at a dollar a slice, ten gold rings, distributed through the dough by the impar- 
tial hand of the cook, giving to the baked and iced confection in its entirety, 
the value which really lay hidden in strata, or veins, or lodes. He who got 
the ring was the best man ; and gold at this period was one hundred and fifty. 
It is proper to state that one article at least was not raflled for ; plenty of gen- 
tlemen could get it withoTit — the mitten. 



352 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

At the "West and Newton and Harford County" table a presidential 
election was held, and it was probably the most corrupt that has ever dis- 
graced the annals of the suffrage. Votes were openly bought and sold ; the 
registiy law — if there was one — was defied at high noon ; the influence of 
fractional currency was every where felt, and the result, whatever it was, was 
entirely due to the interference of cash. Voters held their privileges cheap ; 
a "tin cint bill" was the price of a vote. And yet philosophers, seeking for 
the Vox Dei, have declared it identical with the vox populi ! A confusion 
not less remarkable than that of the boy who, reading Ivanhoe on his way to 
the druggist's for a dose of nux vomica, asked, when there, for twelve drops of 
pax vobiscum. One hundred and ten dollars were produced by this scandal- 
ous device. 

The Cecil Register was a species of album in which the visitor could, for 
a small consideration, inscribe his name. As the register was to be deposited 
after the fair in a fire-proof edifice, the immortality promised to the signers 
will doubtless be obtained. Twelve hundred names will be thus preserved 
from the oblivion that awaits all others. 

Two evenings were devoted to tableaux, exhibitions of which were given 
at the New Assembly Rooms. The programmes were as follows : 

FIliST EVENING. SECOND EVENING. 

Henry the Eighth. Good Queen Margaret. 

Faith, Hope, and Charity. Moore's Beauties. 

The Peasant's Courtship. IvantlioL 

Jane McCrea. Tlie Puritans embarking for America. 

Flora McDonald and Charles Edward. The Landing of the Pilgrims. 

Before and after Marriage. Lady Jane Gray. 

The Dying Hero. The Brilliant Orator. 

Hope leaving Paradise to solace mankind. My Maryland. 

Tlie Contest for the Standard. Our Flag. 

Judith and Iloloferues. Rebecca and Rowena. 

Joan Dare. Fame, Victory, Peace, Painting, Music. 

There were certain Baltimore merchants who dealt in articles that could 
not well be exhibited at the fair ; they were not deterred thereby, however, 
from offering them. Thus Messrs. Thompson & Neilson, who trafficked in 
the biphosphate of lime, laid aside eight barrels, each baiTel containing two 
hundred and fifty pounds, which they were willing to bestow upon tlie cause. 
So fiirmers could purchase an order at the f;iir, and procure the lime at the 
warehouse. Biphosphate purchased in this way is said to possess a double 
proportion of fertilizing qualities. Orders for the article were sold — we can- 
not say why — at the confectionery table. 



A REMARKABLE GRAB-BAG. 



35:} 



If we liad never known before what the young people eould do for the 
soldiers, Baltimoi'e would have taught us. Masters Charles and Roland 
Turner, having collected fifteen dollars in small sums, in anticipation of the 
fair, expended it in the purchase of articles fit for stocking a grab-bag. With 




CnBIBTIAN AND BANITART TAIiI.EAU: BRKEOCA AND KOWKNA. 



the aid of three young men of their age, they administered the duties con- 
nected with this species of bag, and their fifteen dollars became two hundred 
and forty. The expenses were to the receipts as one to sixteen ; the expenses 
of the Metropolitan Fair were as one to eight. Had the success of the j^ouths 
of the grab-bag attended their seniors of New York, the result would have 
been two millions instead of one. The Turner boys deserved their triumph, 
for the first cup of cold water ofiered to a soldier in Baltimore, was given by 
Master Roland of that name. 

A distinctive feature of the Baltimore Fair was its newspaper — the New 
Era. This title, at first glance, does not appear as appropriate as those of its 
predecessors — the Drum Beat, the Knapsack, the Countersign, the Volunteer. 
But its great significance was shown in its daily publications of Parallel 



2:1 



354 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Thoughts, these for the New Era, those for the Old. The following extracts 
are to the point: 

" April 18th, 1861. — Baltimore agitated all day; boisterous processions of 
persons wearing secession cockades ; crowds gathered to insult United States 
and Pennsylvania troops; cheers given for Jefferson Davis, and groans and 
yells for Abraham Lincoln ; many Union men knocked down, and Union 
soldiers stoned." 

"April 18th, 1864. — The opening of the Maryland State Fair; a brigade 
of negro troops marched througli the city ou their way to Annapolis; the 
municipal government in the hands of tried Union men ; Maryland a free 
state; land augmenting in value, and the population of Baltimore increased 
by twenty thousand in three years." 

" April 19th, 1861. — The Unionists powerless ; the city in the hands of 
the secessionists. Twenty-nine cars, laden with soldiers, arrived at the Phila- 
delphia Depot. Six were driven to Camden Station, amid yells and jeers. 
Cobble-stones, which had been taken up by the paviors, were hurled by the 
mob at the seventh, and every window was shivered. The eighth and ninth 
passed through a shower of missiles ; the tenth was driven back, the track 
being obstructed in some places and torn up in others. The troops now 
descended from the twenty remaining cars. These were the Sixth Massa- 
chusetts, Colonel Jones. Stones were thi'own and two soldiers knocked down; 
the mob swore that no Union troops should pass through Maryland. Soldiers 
prostrated were dragged away by Union men ; their muskets were seized by 
the rioters and discharged into the ranks. At Calvert Street the soldiers 
turned and fired a volley, which was effective and salutary. The mob was 
now swelled to six thousand men ; they rifled the ammunition cars at the 
Philadelphia Station; telegraph wires were cut and bridges burned. The 
killed and wounded on both sides were not less than one hundred; of the 
soldiers, three were killed and nine wounded." 

" April 19th, 1864. — The Maryland State Fair for Union Soldiers success- 
ful beyond expectation ; the President of the United States a guest where bat 
lately he was marked as the victim of foul play ; black soldiers marching 
through the streets urged by white survivors of Libby prison to remember 
Fort Pillow." 

The New Era pursued these parallels during the continuance of the fair, 
and they continued quite as striking up to the 30th of April. Its sales were 
heavy, being augmented by the labors of a large body of newsboys of both 
sexes, among them two heroes of the war, and three members of the Veteran 



RECEIPTS OF THE MARYLAND FAIR. S.OS 

Reserve. Two liundred and pcvcnt^'-tvvo advertisement.s, the greater part of 
which were charged five dollars for the season — which opened and closed with 

the fair — contributed to its success, and it finally sent in its balance sheet t(^ 
the treasurer, and $1,300 besides. 

The following table gives a detailed statement of the receipts of tlu^ Mary- 
land State Fair: 

Cash oontrilnitions $18,291 0.3 

Sale of Tickets 15,585 75 

Central Relief No. 1 $s. i'2S 07 

Central Relief No. 2 (Confectionerj) 1,070 39 

Central Relief Art Table 1,513 51 

Central Relief Children's Table 1,389 63 

Central Relief New England Kitchen, including Grandma Downing's 

sales of sanitary varn and Jeff. Davis cravats 2,859 91 

15,507 51 

West and Newton and Harford County Associations $3,990 21 

"West and Newton and IlartVird County Fishing Pond 806 00 

4,796 21 

National Table 3,950 98 

North Baltimore and West End 3,511 20 

German 8,000 00 

Baltimore County 2,819 97 

East Baltimore Branch, Patterson Park Division 2,651 57 

Madison Home Circle $1,108 90 

Madison Home Jacob's "Well 550 25 

1,719 15 

Carroll County 1,527 00 

Frederick County 1,517 32 

Washington County 1,393 45 

Lunch Room 1,391 43 

New Era , 1,300 05 

Howard County 1,217 50 

Cecil County 1,048 90 

Alleghany County 1 ,026 75 

Anne Arundel, aided by Charles, Calvert, and St. Mary's 1,014 25 

Union Social and Knitting Circle 920 00 

Floral Temple 875 39 

Union Sliijper Circle 760 10 

Talbot County 060 97 

Dorchester and Somerset Counties 638 79 

Montgomery County 551 00 

Scotch Table, J. Needles & Son 500 00 

Exhibition of Paintings 494 87 

New England Table 440 50 

Kent County 374 10 

Strawbridge Circle 346 70 

Tableaux 187 70 

Umbrella Stand 170 20 

Yacht 115 52 



;]56 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Mt'Tiilierj.lii[)S §54 00 

Onriosity Kinnri 10 00 

$30,431 !'« 
Deduct expen.-i's, say 10,431 0(> 

Total net §80,000 00 

This sum was equally divided, according to agreenirnt, Letwocu the San- 
itary and Christian Commissions. 

But the Christian Commission's share in the Baltimore Fair was a di'op in 
the bucket, in comparison with its needs. The work of the winter of 1863-64 
had drawn heavily upon its resources, and the calls which came with the spring 
for battle-field stores soon emptied the treasury, or at least left it without 
a dollar more than was necessary to meet obligations already incurred. The 
great fairs for the Sanitary Commi.«sion were cither in progress or in prepara- 
tion, in Brooklyn, New York, Pliiladelphia, and the Christian Commission 
seemed to be forgotten in the interest which they excited. This state of 
things, however — the work threatened with suspension for want of means — 
brought the matter home to thousands who had never before been interested 
in it, and, upon the publication of an appeal in the papers, the offers of money 
and stores were renewed, and the oommi.^sion was enabled to proceed. Con- 
tributions were not only made by individtials, but by corporations, by railway 
and banking companies, and the commission was urged, in letters received 
from far and near, and even from the Pacific coast, to send out persons to 
tell the story of its work, and receive the contributions which such a narrative 
would certainly induce. 

" Besides these and other manifestations," we read in the Third Annual 
Report, " two plans of national breadth were proposed, entirely distinct, by 
persons separated by the Alleghanies, and by equal extremes of church com- 
munion, but with hearts beating in unison for the cause of Christ and the 
soldier. One plan was that of a national subscription, with the aim of raising 
half a million of dollars. The other was that of Ladies' Christian Commis- 
sions, with the object of enlisting all evangelical congregations in an organized 
system of contributions and work. The first promised instant and ample aid 
in the great emergency ; the second proposed a steady increase for future ex- 
panded operations." 

The suggestion of a national subscrij)tion came from a western merchant, 
and was accompanied by a check for $.t,000. A public meeting, called to 
further this scheme, was held in the Church of the Epi})hany, in Philadelphia, 



SOURCES OF SUPPLY. 367 

early in May. Bishop Mcllvairie pi-esided, and addresses were made Ly liim, 
by the Rev. E. M. Kirk, and Mi-. Tobey, of Boston, the Rev. Jos. T. Duryea, 
Bishop Simpson, and otliers. The sums received in money, checks, pledges, 
&c., during the evening was close upon $-19,000. No larger sum has ever been 
raised at any one meeting held in the United States during the war. Large as 
it was, it was afterwards notably increased. 

A similar meeting was held in Pittsburgh in June ; and though the Pitts- 
burgh Sanitary Fair was in progress, $22,000 were received upon the plates, 
and this was more than doubled the next day. The Thanksgiving offerings 
in Western Pennsylvania were over $20,000. The collections of the Boston 
Committee during the year were nearly $165,000 in money, and $250,000 in 
stores, contained in two thousand one hundred and five packages. Mr. Tobey 
set up his desk in the Merchants' Exchange, after the battle of the Wilder- 
ness, as he had done the year before, after the battle of Gettysburg. Tlie 
New York Committee collected about $103.000 ; and at one of its meetings 
rings and watches were placed upon the collection plates. 

The other plan suggested, that of making every church organization in 
the country an auxiliary commission, came from a clergyman in charge of a 
large cit3' parish. The principal jDoints were : organization in each evangel- 
ical congregation; an annual membership, embracing all ages and both sexes; 
an annual fee of one dollar for each member; the solicitation of clothing, and 
the preparation of food. This plan was introduced to the public at a meeting 
held in Concert Hall, Philadelphia, the evening after that licld in the Church 
of the Epiphany. A committee of a hundred ladies was appointed to carrv 
out the plan in the city, and to memorialize the women of the nation. The 
memorial prepared by them was published in the religious papers, and a small 
pamphlet was issued containing the outlines of the })lan. This sciieme, how- 
ever, required time, and though it yielded considerable sums, never i-cached 
the extension it would otherwise have done, on account of the evidently 
approaching end of the rebellion. 

The Christian Commission had often been urged to send representatives to 
the Pacific coast, and such a mission was now determined upnn. 1'he Revs. 
Dr. Patterson and Mr. Mingins sailed early in the year, entertaining some 
doubt, however, whether they would be heard. California was suffering 
severely from drought, which had affected not only agriculture, but all opera- 
tions in the mines; mining stocks had fallen heavily in value, and, moreover, 
large sums had been given in aid of the soldier's cau.se, thi'ough the Sanitary 
Commission. But tlie Californian ear is never closed to appeals like those 



anS THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

now made ; the Golden Gate lies ever open, or if, by chance, it is sliut, the 
open sesame is easily said and readily heard. Three meetings were held in 
ten days, and $10,000 in gold received. The Pacific Christian Commission 
was formed, with J. B. Roberts as chairman ; also, the Ladies' Christian Com- 
mission of the Pacific, Mrs. Colonel Bowman, and afterwards, Mrs. Mary E. 
Keeney, president. 

The ladies of San Francisco held a fair for the commission, which yielded 
over $50,0ii0 in currency. Festivals were held at Stockton, Sacramento, 
Napa, and other places; money, in several localities, was given at the polls; 
auxiliaries were established in Oregon and Nevada. At the close of the year 
1864, the commission had received from the Pacific coast over $117,000, and 
had been notified that $5,500 was on its way from the Sandwich Islands. 

The following tables give summaries of the total receipts, and of the work 
and distribution for the third year of the commission — 1864 : 

Cash receipts of Central and Branch offices $1,207,755 28 

Hospital stores contributed 1,169,508 37 

Publications contributed 33,0S-i 38 

Bibles and Testaments presented by the Americun Bible Societj- 72,114 83 

Value of volunteer delegates' services 169,920 00 

Value of railroad, steamboat, and other transportation facilities 106,765 00 

Value of telegraph facilities, from Maine to California ... 26,450 00 

Value of rents of warehouses and offices given without charge to the com- 
mission 6,750 00 

Total values for 1864 $2,882,347 86 

GENERAL SU.MMAIiY OK WORK AXD niSTRIBUTIOX FOR 1864. 

Value of stores distributed $1,714,261 85 

Value of publications distributed $446,574 26 

Value of stationery distributed $24,834 71 

Value of 205 chapels and cliapel tents erected during last winter and the 

present, in the various armies $1 14,359 78 

Boxes of hospital stores and publications distributed during the year 47,103 

Copies of Bibles and Testaments and portions of Scriptures distributed 

during the year 569,594 

Copies of hymn and psalm books distributed during the year 489,247 

Copies of knajisack books distributed during the year 4,326,676 

Copies of bound library books distributed during the year 33,872 

Copies of magazines and pamphlets distributed during the year 346,586 

Copies of religious, weekly, and monthly newspapers distributed during the 

year 7,990,758 

Pages of tracts ,' 13,681,342 

Copies of Silent Comforters, &c 3,691 

Delegates commissioned during the year 2,21 / 

Aggregate number of days of delegates' service 78,869 



LABORS OF THE DELEGATES. 8o9 

Average number of delegates coustantly in the Held diiriug the year 217 

Number of delegates, in the field, January 1, 1865 276 

Balance of cash on hand at the central office, January 1, 1865 ^5,420 12 

Balance on hand at all the offices $116,315 71 

The above figures sliow a very large increase in the resources, and, conse- 
quently, in the usefulness of the commission, over those for the previous 
years. This is ascribed to four causes : 1st, to the testimony of the soldiers, 
some of whom, at home on furlough or sick leave, told their story, personally, 
dwelling on the benefits they had received, and all of whom, apparently, had 
written letters, the commission having furnished them, during the year, with 
paper and envelopes for five millions ; 2d, the testimony of returned delegates, 
to whose evidence, obtained in this voluntar}', unpaid service, none could 
listen unmoved; 3d, to the emergencies of the year; and 4th, to the fact, 
which has been mentioned, that the empty treasury appealed with irresistible 
effect to many who would not have contributed to well-filled coffers. 

A few words, now, upon the work accomplished during the year. The 
whole number of delegates sent out was two thousand two hundred and 
seventeen, the average number in the field at one time being two liundred and 
seventeen. Many of these were ministers, lawyers, physicians, merchants, and 
all were men of character and ability. They were unpaid; the cost of each 
man's outfit and maintenance, at the charge of the commission, being at the 
rate of $319 a year. None were sent who could not agi-ee to remain at least 
six weeks in the service. They were principally useful in relief work, being 
supplied with whatever was necessary to meet the emergencies of the field. 
But they discharged numerous other duties. They distributed tracts, Bibles, 
and reading-matter generally, and in this connection the remarkable statement 
is made, that the most urgent cry from the anny has always been for the 
Scriptures, and that the supply has never kept pace with the demand. In 
conseciuence of this, it was proposed by the American Bible Society to divide 
the army, for the work of Scripture distribution, into three fields : Eastern, 
Western, and Southern, with a superintendent for each, paid by the Bible 
Society, subsisted by the commission. This proposition was accepted and 
carried out. 

Other labors of the delegates were those of writing letters for the disabled 
and dying at their dictation, or of sending home information concerning the 
dead ; of transmitting messages and mementoes ; of keeping records concerning 
burial, and of registering and conveying intelligence upon innumerable matters, 
which, without them, must have been lost. Then, there was their direct work of 



360 



TUE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



preaching, praying with the sick, holding religious services, and administering 
the last rites. '• Their influence for good to the soldiers " — this we can readily 
believe — '' cannot be understood by those who have not themselves witnessed 
it. Coming fresh from home, in citizens' dress, full of home sympathies, with 
physical energy unworn, zeal strengthened by knowledge that their stay must 
be sliort, and that tlie soldiers' peril is great ; having every facility for their 
work, chapels to preacli in, stores and publications to distribute, quarters at 
the best possible centres, wagons and teams and battle-field supplies to go 
with when the army moves and fights, and, withal, having the men for whom 
thev lalior iinpi-essed in advance with the fact, that what they do is not done 
for pav, nor as professional duty, but for the love they bear to them and to 
Cluist— their influence could not but have unwonted power, and their labor a 
value above price.' 




AKMV roiU'S rilAPEI., NKAK I'KTKIISUI' KG. 



The fii-st experience of chapel work, on a large scale, in the army, was 
made early in this year. Chapel tents were set up at all the stations of the 
commission, and competent men were appointed to serve in them. The com- 
mission furnished canvas chapel roofs to every brigade that was willing to put 
up log walls to support it. It then supplied them with stores, Bible.*, and 
hvnui-books, and delegated men to assist the chaplains in the service. At this 
time one hundred chapels were open for daily worship, and in some of them 
services were held three times a day. 



DIET KITCUENS. 361 

As winter approached, these chapels were increased both in number and 
size. One hundred and forty — many of them really beautiful constructions — 
were in constant use at the close of the year. They were filled every evening 
by an earnest and respectful throng ; and on Sundays, service succeeded ser- 
vice till the officiators were compelled, by sheer exhaustion, to desist. 

The work performed at the stations of the commission was varied and 
arduous. A delegate would start in tlie morning with an armful of papers 
and books, and making his way to some regiment or battery, perhaps a mile 
distant, distribute the contents of his pack. He would seek out the sick, and 
strive to give him just the thing he needed, whether sympathy, prayer, crea- 
ture-comforts, or reading- matter. He would invite all the men he saw to 
attend the evening meeting, or would propose the holding of a special open- 
air service, if desired. By personal conversation with the soldiers, he would 
often succeed in guiding their thoughts into unwonted channels, appealing to 
their better nature against the sins which beset them. " By no possible array 
of figures or statistics," we read, " can the influence of these winter stations be 
exhibited. None can ever know how much of sin they have prevented; how 
many despondent, doubting Christians have been encouraged and strength- 
ened; how many seeds of Divine truth, sown in hearts seemingly unmoved, 
were destined some future day to bring forth perfect fruit. None can reckon 
the value of that comfort given to the faithful soldier, who, in his hard pil- 
grimage, gained, in these tents of prayer, the Delectable Mountains, and caught 
a view of the Celestial City." 

A Special Diet Kitchen service was organized during this year, and was 
put fully in operation in the "West, while a good beginning was made in the 
East. The conditions were these : that the Special Diet Kitchens should be kept 
apart from the general kitchens of the hospitals, and that they should supply 
the low-diet patients only ; that they should be controlled and supplied by 
the medical authorities, the commission furnishing whatever the government 
did not ; and that they should be superintended by women, professed Chris- 
tians, selected and subsisted by the commission. Mrs. Anne Wittenmyer, 
of Iowa, was made General Superintendent, and her first report contains much 
interesting information. After stating the difiiculties of obtaining delicate 
cooking for the very sick in a general hospital, she says, speaking of the 
superintendents under the new system : 

"The preparation of food and the management of kitchen affairs arc made 
their business and study ; and all that can be done, in co-operation with sur- 
geons, to meet the demands of a feeble or capricious appetite, is done by them. 



362 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Regular diet lists, or bills of fare, are prepared and furnislied to each ward 
surgeon, who, when he makes his daily round among the sick, is expected to 
prescribe their diet with as much care as he does their medicine. 

" All the patients in the hospital, who are not in a condition to go to the 
general table, or eat the food prepared in the general kitchens, have their 
meals ordered by the waixi surgeons from the special diet kitchen. These diet 
lists, or orders, are returned to the diet kitchen, where the food is prepared in 
such variety and quantity as are embraced in the orders. The ladies charged 
with the responsible duty of superintending the preparation of diet and the 
general management of the diet kitchens, are given every facility by the sur- 
geons, and are provided with all the help they need. Soldiers incapacitated 
for active field duty are mostly detailed for this purpose. 

" The ladies (there are usually two connected with each kitchen) personally 
supervise the preparation and seasoning of every article of food, and are care- 
ful to see it go out to the wards, suitably prepared, and in sufficient quantity. 
Twenty-four diet kitchens on this plan are now in successful operation. 
They are kept perfectly clean and neat, are well furnished and supplied with 
stores, and every thing connected with the work is conducted in a systematic 
and orderly manner." 

Chaplain Thomas, of the Army of the Cumberland, had been detailed from 
his regiment by General Thomas, to act as reading-agent for the army. Ob- 
taining a valuable idea from the "Loan Libraries" of the "American Seamen's 
Friend Society," and laying certain views before the Christian Commission, 
he elaborated a scheme which the commission enabled him to carry out. The 
following details of this will be found interesting: 

Sixty book-cases were made at government expense, by order of General 
Thomas, and the War Department agreed to furnish two hundred and forty 
more. These were three feet square, and eight inches deep ; the corners were 
dove-tailed and bound with iron. Each case contained four shelves, and its 
two panel doors fastened by lock and key ; its strength was such that it might 
be hurled from a. precipice and be found unharmed at the foot. A catalogue 
and register accompanied each case, which contained one hundred and twenty- 
five volumes, labelled, numbered, and covered. At the close of the year, 
twenty-five of these libraries had been placed in difterent hospitals, and the 
books had been bought for one hundred and seventy-five more. There were 
at this time eighty thousand men in the permanent hospitals of the country. 
The plan proposed the supplying of the hospitals first, and the army, active 
and afloat, if possible, afterwards. Several publishing houses furnished the 



BOOKS AND MAGAZINES FOR THE ARMY. 



363 



books at half price, which was, in some cases, less than cost. Adams' Express 
conveyed the books first, and the libraries next, free. No library was put 
into a hospital unless some responsible person, a chaplain or surgeon, or other 
official, would agree to take charge of it and to forward a monthly report : this 
to consist of two parts, a statistical table and illustrative incidents. The table 
was to show how many times each volume had been drawn, and the incidents 
were to contain such expressions of opinion about it as the librarian might be 
able to collect. 




';^_;(^ 



A LAV PKI.KUATli IN TIIK lldSlMTAL. 



Another idea of Chaplain Thomas, that of supplying the Army of the 
Cumberland with magazines, was adopted by the commission in April. 
Thirty-five thousand copies of various periodicals were purchased during 
the year, and sold in the depths of Tennessee and Georgia at the price they 
had cost in New York. Each magazine bore a label stating that it had been 
bought at wholesale rates, transported fi-ee by Adams' Express, and would be 
sold at the rooms, and by the distributors of the Christian Commission, at 
cost, to the army and navy only. A rule of the commission, that "lives of 
pirates and highwaymen must be thrown out as bad," in making selections 
of books, led Chaplain Thomas, as he himself relates, into a singular act. 
lie met a soldier with a i>ile of twenty-five cent novels, of which he was 
endeavoring to dispose among his fellow-soldiers. He acknowledged that it 
would doubtless grieve his parents to know that he was peddling such trash, 
— an item of it being the '-Red Rover," by one James Fenimore Cooper, 



364 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

whose works are not generally considered pernicious. The soldier was induced 
to exchange his pack for a batch of "Littell's Living Age," "Eclectic Maga- 
zines," and " Pitman's Manuals of Phonography," works which are probably 
no more deleterious in the camp than they are in the grove. Chaplain 
Thomas was doubtless deceived by a title which, in our day, would be called 
" sensational," and besides, the Rover was in bad, very bad company ; a Dick 
Turpin on each side of him, a Pirate's Son on Dick's either hand, with every 
now and then a Red King and a Flying Artillerist. Thus surroiinded, the 
Pilgrim's Progress, even, might have passed for some immoral book of 
travels, and been indignantly laid one side, together with The Bloody Cart- 
Wheel and The Phantom Bride. 

The Maryland Committee of the Christian Commission did a great work 
during this year, incited thereto by the Rev. Andrew B. Cross, of Baltimore. 
The dust at City Point, during the summer, was absolutely stifling. This, 
which was annoying in the camp, was almost unendurable in the hospital — 
the tents and buildings of which covered forty acres. The cooking utensils, 
the food, the faces of the patients, were coated with dust. Water could not 
be obtained in sufficient quantities to lay the fiend and supply the hospital. 
A well was dug through the quicksand ; the government placed two engines 
by the river-side to force water up the bluff, but the relief obtained was slight. 
The Rev. Mr. Cross applied to Mayor Chapman, of Baltimore, for the loan of 
one of the steam fire-engines of the city. The request was granted, and an 
engine, with two thousand feet of hose, was at once conveyed to City Point. 
By means of this, not only was the dust effectually laid, but the hosjoital was 
supplied with pure water from the middle of the Appomatox, the government 
giving some hundreds of casks in which to hoard it. Steam had never yet 
been pressed into more grateful service. 

The commission was enabled to introduce into the army, by the liberality 
of Mr. Jacob Dunton, of Philadelphia, an establishment invented and built 
by him, and called a Cooking Wagon. This affair had four wheels, the two 
in front separating fi-om those behind, as a cannon parts with its limber. It 
had boilers, furnaces, a fuel-box, a chest for provisions and utensils, a driver's 
seat above in front, and three smoke-stacks. It cooked first for the flying 
hospitals, afterwards for the men under fire. It once served a whole division 
with hot coffee to the sound of the enemy's guns. Here were coffee and 
])istols, but for more than two. 

The following table gives the aggregate value of the three years' receipts-, — 
to January 1, 18C5, — of the Christian Commission : 



TOTALS FOR THREE YEARS. 365 

Value of Receipts. 1S62. 1SC3. 1SC4. ToUils. 

Cash receipts at central and 

branch offices $40,1(10 29 $358,239 20 $1,297,755 28 $1,090,1.54 86 

Value of stores received by cen- 
tral and branch offices 142,1.50 00 385,829 07 1,109,508 37 1,097,487 44 

Value of publications presented 

to central and branch offices... 31,290 32 31,290 32 

Value of Scriptures from Amer- 
ican Bible Society 10,256 00 45,07150 72,114 83 127,442 33 

Value of Scriptures from British 
and Foreign Bible Society 1,077 79 1,077 79 

Value of 29,801 hymn-books 
presented by Array Committee 
of the Young Men's Christian 
Association, Boston 1,788 00 1,788 06 

Value of delegates' services 21,300 00 72,420 00 109,920 00 203,700 00 

Value of railroad, steamboat, and 
other transportation facilities 13,080 00 44,210 00 100,705 00 104,055 00 

Value of telegraph facilities from 

Maine to California 3,050 00 9,390 00 26,450 00 39,490 00 

Value of rents of warehouses 
and offices presented to the 
commission 0,750 00 0,750 00 

Tot.als $231,250 29 $916,837 05 $2,882,347 80 $4,030,44180 

Tliese figures tell but a halting story, however; and the supplementary 
data, at the close of the volume, for the last few months of the war, will not 
add much to their eloquenee. The true significance of an enterprise thus 
feebly sketched will not be set down by any mortal penman ; the theme is 
one too lofty for earthly records. Doubtless there are, though removed from 
liuman eyes, tabular views kept in another way and for other ends ; and when 
the scroll is unrolled, those permitted to read it will see that where we write 
Dollars, the recording angel has written Immortal Souls. 



CHAPTER X. 





%\ 



.tlQB 



^k^mEnh 



|iriS|B£|^1Wlt, 



HE effort on the part of the friends of the negro lace 
in the North to fit him for the responsibilities of 
freedom, began as soon as the operations of the army 
and navy opened the way. The capture of Port 
Eoyal and Beaufort, by Flag-Officer Dupont and 
General Sherman, brought some eight thousand slaves, 
men, women, and children, within the United States lines, in the State of 
South Carolina. But there was a sharper need to be first relieved, however, 
than that of education ; the negroes, having passed so suddenly from slavery 
to freedom, were in tlie most abject misery, and were absolutely in a per- 
ishing condition. It was indispensable to commence by feeding the hungry 
and clothing the naked ; this done, it might be possible to regenerate the now 



THE NEW ENGLAND FREEDMEN'S AID SOCIETY. 367 

enfranchised people, to reorganize labor, to open schools and clmrches, and to 
make a beginning towards training the freedmen in habits of honesty and self- 
reliance. 

The first society formed with these objects in view was " The New Eng- 
hind Freedmen's Aid Society." This association had its origin in Boston, at 
tlie house of the Rev. Jacob M. Manning, in response to an appeal from Mr. 
K. L. Pierce, United States agent for the liberated slaves of Port Royal. An 
organization was effected on tlic 7tb of Febi-uaiy, 1862. the following officers 
being appointed: 

Pri'sideiit, 
His E.xcei.lency John A. Andrew. 

Vice-PresiiUn/n. 
Ret. Jacob M. Manning, Rev. J. F. Clarke, D. D., 

Rev. Edward E. IIai.e, Hon. Jacob Sleeper, 

Rev. J. W. Parker, D. D., Rev. T. B. Thayer, 

Rkv. F. D. Huntinoton. 

Treas%irei\ Rccordinfj Secretary. 

William Endioott, Jun. Edward Atkinson. 

Committee on Finance. 
Edward Atkinson, Wm. Endicott, Jun., 

Martin Brimmer. Wm. I. BowDiTcn, 

James T. Fisher, James M. Barnard. 

Committee on TeacJiers. 

LoRING LOTHROR. GeO. B. EmERSOX, 

Miss II. E. Stevenson. Dr. L. H. Russell, 

Mrs. Anna Lowell. Rev. C. F. Barnard. 

Coniiiiittce on Clothing and SuppUe.1. 
Mrs. J. A. Lane, Mrs. Wm. B. Rooers, 

Mrs. Samuel Cabot, Geo. Atkinson, 

Edward Jackson. 

An appeal was forthwith issued to the people of New England for money 
and clothing, and the answer was so prompt that the society was at once able 
to commence the forwarding of supplies, and soon afterwards to dispatch 
thirty-one teachers and superintendents. The office of these teachers was not 
altogether to "teach" in the ordinary sense — that is, to set the pupil a lesson, 
to see that he learned it, and then to hear him recite it. Some of them never 
entered a school-house. The negro had quite as much to unlearn as to learn. 
All the teachings of slavery were to be wiped away. He needed a knowledge 



368' THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

which lay far behind the alphabet ; his poverty in book-learning was not his 
worst deliciency. He needed lessons of industry, of domestic management, of 
thrift, of truth, of honesty — matters in which he had been wilfully led astray. 
And in these things the teachers commissioned by the society were amply 
fitted to give instruction, not only by precept, but by example. 

During the first three years the association employed two hundred and 
twenty teachers, three quarters of them women. The first went to Port Royal, 
as we have said ; as the field was extended, and as the government began to 
aid the society by giving its delegates transportation, shelter, and army rations, 
others were sent to Washington, Alexandria, Newbern, Norfolk, St. Helena, 
Jacksonville, Edisto Island, Savannah, and Charleston. The association 
thought best to concentrate its efforts upon these points, and to leave other 
stations to societies situated in their own more immediate neighborhood. 

The efiect of the three years' work upon the negroes of Port Royal is 
marked, and at this late day no one cares to question or deny it. "They 
have made wonderful progress in knowledge and comfort, in mannei's and 
morals. They are self-supporting ; they are prosperous ; they are valuable 
producers; they are profitable customers; and one out of three of the whole 
population has received more or less instruction in the schools." 

In the Third Annual Rej^ort of the society is the following excellent 
point, excellently made : 

" We have hinted at a comparison between the negro freedman, as respects 
industry, and the Italian peasant. Suppose that we should read in the Journal 
of the Friends of Italy, this : 

" It is only three years since the drawbacks on Italian national industry 
have been removed, and here are a few facts. The sales last year to people 
recently common day-laborers at San Felice (not St. Helena) amounted to 
fifty-six thousand scudi, and lately at a sale at Velletri (not Beaufort) the 
same class of people bought, with their earnings, from seventy-five to eighty 
houses, costing in the aggregate about $40,000. What an argument for the 
new over the old system would be further statements like these : Tomaso 
Pelucci (not black Harry) sold last year $1,358 worth of cotton, besides rais- 
ing corn, pork, and potatoes enough for his family ; and Gennaro Scapi, ex- 
contadino (not Kit Green, ex-slave), sold his cotton for $4,100. The industry 
and practical cfiiciency of no class of men, whether white or black, can be 
measured by what they have done under an oppressive rule, with none of the 
incitement which comes only from free institutions.'' 

It might be added to this, that the recoi'ds of the War Department show 



THE NATIONAL FREEDMEN'S RELIEF ASSOCIATION. 369 

that the governmeut has aided more whites than blacks, during the war, by 
forty thousand. 

Tlie monetary and supply statistics of the society are as follows, in round 
numbers : 

Money received in lSfi2 $10,400 00 

Value of goods received in 1802 20,000 00 

Money received in 1803 18,500 00 

Value of goods received in 180.3 20,000 00 

Money received in 1804 30,000 00 

Valne of goods received in 1864 2.5,000 00 

Total $135,900 00 

New England contributed nearly the wliole of these supjjlies, and Massa- 
chusetts three quarters of the money. Besides this, it will be remembered, as 
stated in our account of the Western Sanitary Commission, that Chaplains 
Fiske and Fisher collected $40,000 in money and clothing, in New England, 
for the freedmen of the Southwest. We may also state that $9,000 were 
obtained in Boston for the Roanoke Colony, and that New England lias fur- 
nished the National Freedmen's Relief Association of New York with a large 
portion of its supplies. 

The society just mentioned, the National Freedmen's Relief Association, 
originated at a meeting held in New York, on the 2'2d of February, 1862. 
Like the New England Society, its first object was to relieve the freedmen of 
Port Royal and vicinity. Its first officers were as follows : 

Prcsiihnt. 
Francis George Shaw. 

Correspond inrj Secnlnri/, Iiecoriliiig Secretary. 

Rev. O. 15. FuoTniXGiiAM. George Cabot TVai:d. 

Treasurer, 

•ToSEPII B. CoLLIXS. 

Finance Committee, 
George Cahot Warh. Jo.seph 15. Collins, 

Charles C. Leigh. 

Executive Committee, 
0. C. Leigh, Charles Collins, 

Rev. IIenkt J. Fox. Wii. Geo. Hawkins, Secretary. 

Athisorij Committee, 

S. II. TVNG. D. D., W.M. C. r.RTANT. 

Law Committee, 
Wm. Allen BrxLEi:, Edgar KETcnuM. 

■li 



370 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

The objects of the society thus formed were stated in an appeal to the pub- 
lic for the means with which to carry them out, as follows : 

" 1st. To relieve the sufferings of the freedmen, as they come within our 
army lines, by clothing the ragged and naked, furnishing hospitals and medi- 
cine for the sick, asylums for the orphans, and shelter for the houseless, and 
aiding in the erection of hundreds of cabins. 

" 2d. To aid in placing the freedmen in positions of self-sustenance, by 
procuring them employment, furnishing them agricultui-al implements and 
seeds, giv-ing them instruction in the best modes of cultivation, and encourag- 
ing the mechanic by furnishing tools and stock to the carpenter, blacksmith, 
and shoemaker. 

" 3d. To establish and sustain schools at all points in the South, where it 
is safe to do so, for the education of the freedmen and their children ; day- 
schools for children and youtli, night-schools for adults, industrial schools to 
teach the women to cut and make clothes for themselves and families, and 
Sunday-schools for religious instruction. 

"4th. Eelief to be also furnished to suffering white loyal refugees, to tlie 
extent of the means contributed for this specific object." 

At a later date, the society said of itself and its labors : 

" It has been no jjart of the work of this association to inquire into 
causes, or to speculate on the future of the negro. We find him naked, and 
we clothe him ; ignorant, and we instruct him ; without employment, and we 
give him the materials to earn a livelihood. We find him wounded and bleed- 
ing by tiie wayside, left half dead by thieves who have robbed him of all he 
possessed ; ours is to bring him to the inn at Jerusalem, and take care of 
him." 

The work thus laid out has been faithfully done, as far as the means 
placed at the society's disposal has enabled it to go. The progress of the 
war soon brought two millions of enfranchised men, women, and children 
within the United States lines. Kept ignorant, almost brutalized, in time of 
peace, they had been set free, and placed in a position to test their capacity 
for freedom, by war. All were necessarily degraded, though in various 
degrees. The old, the infirm, the children, were in a state of utter destitution. 
The husbands and fithers enlisted by thousands in the armies of their coun- 
try, leaving, of course, their families in a state of dependence. Here was the 
field in which this society and its kindred associations had to labor. 

How to obtain the two great requisites for a successful beginning — money 
and clothing — was, of course, the first and the vital question. This seemed 



SOURCES OF SUPPLY. 



!T1 



already answered in the experience of tLe Sanitary Commission, and tLie 
mucli older jiractice of the Bible, Tract, and Missionaiy Societies — by means 
of local, town, and village auxiliaries. These local societies should canvass 
exhaustively their own districts, soliciting old clothing from those who could 
not give money, and money from those who had no clothing. This scheme, 
carried into effect, principally in New England, gave the National Association, 
in three years, over $400,000 in cash and stores. This was collected from all 
the free states and territories ; from England, Ireland, Scotland, and Canada. 




THE IDEAL FltEEDMAN.* 



Without going into details, for which we have not space, we may say, gen- 
erally, that partly by the efforts of this society, partly by those of kindred 
associations, very considerable districts of the South have been reorganized 
and reconstructed. " In the Sea Islands of South Carolina, where the experi- 
ment was first made, and where the subjects were the least jDromising, large 

* From a statuette, by J. Q. A. Ward. 



379 THE TKIBUTE BOOK. 

lierds of imbnitcJ slaves have been converted into orderly communities of law- 
abiding freemen. Under a system of elementary instruction imjDrovised for 
their benefit, blank ignorance has given place to comparative intelligence, 
chattel slaves have become landed proprietors, black men are tilling the soil 
on their own account, agriculture has received a new impulse, and Trade has 
added materially to the number of her customers." 

The New York Society had, at the date of its last report, one hundred and 
thifty-fivo teachers in the field, and was supporting four orphan asylums and 
four industrial schools. 

A society, having the same objects in view as those of the two associa- 
tions just mentioned, was organized in Philadeli^hia, on the 5th of March, 
1862, under the name of The Port Eoyal Belief Committee. This was subse- 
quently changed to that of '• The Pennsylvania Freedmen's Relief Association." 
This society had, at a recent date, acknowledged the receipt of $61,000 in 
money, expended in the purchase of supplies, in the erection and support 
of hospitals, and in the establishment and maintenance of sixteen schools, 
taught by thirty-eight teachers ; had purchased property and erected build- 
ings in Washington for a residence for teachers, a store for the I'eceipt and 
distribution of goods for the poor, an industrial school for instruction in 
cutting and sewing, and a normal school for training advanced and promising 
scholars as teachers. It had founded two important auxiliary societies in 
Pittsburgh and Maryland, the former of which obtained $5,000 in the first 
few hours of its existence. 

The Orthodox Friends' Association of Philadelphia, founded in Novem- 
ber, 1863, had, at a recent date, received $130,000, of which $30,000 were 
contributed by Friends in England. They had twenty-two teachers at work, 
had opened two stores in Virginia, with a capital of $8,000 loaned without 
interest, for the purpose of furnishing goods to tlie frcedmen at or near cost, 
In seven months the sales had been about $110,000. They had under their 
care an orphan house for girls at Hampton, Virginia ; had sent out persons 
to give instruction in agricultural pursuits, and had given away, lent, or sold 
for less than their value, large numbers of farming-tools, mechanics' instru- 
ments, and seeds. 

The Ilicksite Friends' Association had received $10,000 up to the same 
date, and had expended it in aiding the freedmen. 

The Northwestern Freedmen's Aid Society of Chicago received in its first 
fifteen months, ending March, 1865, $137,000 in money and stores ; $10,000 
of the cash receipts were earned by a Freedmen's Fair. 



THE BIRD'S-NEST BANK OF KALAMAZOO. 373 

There are other societies laboring in behalf of the freedmen — those of 
Cincinnati; of the District of Columbia; of Worcester, Massachusetts; of 
Concord, New Hampshire. The associations of New York and Boston have 
branches throughout the New England and Northwestern States. Two foreign 
societies have been liberal in their contributions to the work — the Frcedmen's 
Aid Society of London, and the Union and Emancipation Society of Man- 
chester. 

A more harmonious and united action has always been desired by the 
various societies above mentioned; seeking but one object, they might natu- 
rally expect greater success to follow a concentration of their eflbrts. At one 
period, live of them agreed to come together, to form the " United States 
Commission for the Eelief of the National Freedmen." At another, three of 
them united to form the " American Freedmen's Aid Union."' The first object 
of the latter was stated to be to aid the black man ; its ultimate end to benefit 
the state. A better nucleus around which to cluster has now been j^rcsented 
by the government, in the Freedmen's Bureau lately established by Congress, 
and superintended by Major-General Oliver Otis Howard. There would seem 
to be no reason why the freedmen's relief associations, which, from the nature 
of their mission and the extent of their work, must still continue to exist, 
should not supplement the operations of this bureau — the creation of which 
they have always desired — precisely as the Sanitary Commission has supple- 
mented those of the medical staff. 

We must make room for one instance, out of thousands, of the sacrifices 
by which these associations have been maintained. It is furnished by the 
Boston Freedmen's Record : 

" One friend — who, for a third of a century, has, with her 2:)en, instructed 
the free and pleaded for the slave, and whose income is about $800 per annum 
— sent to this office, last winter, $200 for the freedmen. In the spring, the 
same liberal hand brought $50. In the summer, an engraving of one of 
Raphael's Madonnas was given to her. Its beauty would have gladdened her 
heart, had she hung it on the wall of her simple home in Middlesex County ; 
but, with characteristic generosity, she brought the gift, so precious to her 
refined taste, to be sold by the Committee on Teachers, for the benefit of the 
freed people. And now, again, the same tireless liberality has sent us this 
month $100 more." 

And we must relate the story of the Bird's-Nest Bank of Kalamazoo, no 
matter what other story is, in consequence, excluded. The dollars deposited 
in this bank are not numerous, but there is a fund of another sort there, and 




ORIGIN OF TilE BIBDS-NEBT BAUK. 



374 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

it would be difficult for any suflfercr to overdraw Lis account. The story runs 
as follows : 

A collection of Sabbath-scliool children, in Kalamazoo, Michigan, were, 
and doubtless stdl are, in the habit of meeting together in their chapel, called 
the Bird's-Nest, on Sunday. In February, 1864, a soldier from the First 
Michigan Cavalry, encamped near by, entered the chapel, sat down, and list- 
ened. When the plate was passed around, he put in 
his penny, saying, " Here is a penny I found in the 
bottom of my pocket, and it won't grow there ; now I 
want to deposit it with the 'Bird's-Nest,' and see if 
it will grow THERE." The teacher took the penny, 
held it up, and repeated what the soldier had said, 
adding, " Now we must see if we can jDut this into a 
soil, where it can take root and grow." The penny 
was immediately purchased for ten cents by the mother of one of the children, 
and, as additions were, from time to time, made to the fund thus commenced, 
it was determined to select some good object which the growth of the penny 
should benefit. The following resolutions were soon after passed : 

"Whereas, a soldier of the First Michigan Cavalry deposited with the 
'Bird's-Nest,' in February, 1864, a penny for growth, the following rules will 
be observed in carrying out this object : 

" I. This enterjmse shall be called the Bird's-Nest Bank. 
" 11. Any person becomes a stockholder in this bank by paying ten cents 
to the teacher, and will receive a certificate for the same. 

"III. Eight tenths of all moneys received from the sale of stock will be 
used for the education of freedmen, and two tenths for the benefit of the 
Bird's-Nest, iinder the direction of the teacher." 

The children of the school now devoted their leisure — their Wednesday 
and Saturday afternoons — to the sale of shares in this interesting enterprise. 
Three little girls, of Ann Arbor, disposed of eighty-nine in less than a 
month. A soldier of the Massachusetts Thirty-third, in Atlanta, sent for 
seven certificates, to be divided among his seven children. By the time seven 
hundred shares had been disposed of, the president and directors of the bank 
were saddened by the news of the death of its founder, who was called away 
from his cot in an Alexandria hospital, forgetting, perhaj^s, that he had not 
buried his talent in a napkin, and all unconscious that the penny deposited 
for growth had produced just seven thousand fold. The president and direct- 
ors took the penny, polished it, drilled a hole through it, and caused it to be 



A LETTER FROM THE BIRDS OF OHIO. 375 

suspended on Sundays in the Bird's-Nest Chapel, by a ribbon of red, white, 
and blue. 

In one year from its foundation, the bank had sold two thousand four hun- 
dred shares, every loyal state being represented upon its books except — we 
write it with reluctance — Maryland and Rhode Island. It had sent certificates 
to South Carolina and Canada, to England and Scotland ; and, like the gold- 
bearing bonds of the government, its stock was favorably known in Frankfort 
and at Bingen-on-the-Rliine. A branch office was opened at the Chicago Fair 
for the freedmen, and the sale of stock was good. An old gentleman of 
ninety-three years, from Leicester, Massachusetts, took one share, and an Iowa 
grandmother, who had grandchildren twenty-three, subscribed for a certificate 
for each. It is idle for us, after thus chronicling the success of this bank, and 
the rapid dissemination of its obligations, to deny the prevalent rumor, that 
the directors had been obliged to ask the assistance of Mr. Jay Cooke. Mr. 
Cooke, we are authorized to state, is not an agent of the Bird's-Nest ; he has 
sold none of its shares, and we are not aware that he has ever bought any. 
Persons wishing to invest in a stock whose dividends are payable to others, 
must write directly to head-quarters, to the Bird's-Nest Bank at Kalamazoo, 
inclosing, say one dollar for ten shares. The attention of citizens of Mary- 
land and Rhode Island is especially invited to this privilege. Anne Arundel 
could not more wisely appropriate her pocket-money. From the correspond- 
ence of the president and directors, whicli is open to the inspection of all, we 
make the following ornithological extract: 

"The Birds of Kirtland (Ohio), to the Robins, Thrushes, Orioles, Quails, Bob- 
olinks, Sparrows, and Humming-birds of Kalamazoo, send greeting; 
" Most Amiable Birds : 

" Truly, there is hope for the world when the little birds assemble in flocks 
under the same tree, and live peacefully and lovingly in a single nest. We 
have heard in other times of the Feathered Kingdom. That day is past, and 
a great revolution is in progress — nay, it is already successful. All hail to the 
Feathered Republic ! The Eagle, no longer the king and tyrant of any, has 
become the president and protector of all the birds. We still hear the 
screaming of the Hawks, and the hooting of the Owls, but we do not admit 
them to our society, and we trust they find no place in your nest ; for, although 
the Hawks pretend to chivalry, and the Owls to wisdom, they will do you no 
good — they will add nothing to your wealth or enjoyment. It gives us great 
pleasure to know that you concern yourselves with all the birds of our land, 
and especially with those called the Wandering Blackbirds; for. although they 



376 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

cannot boast the brilliant plumage of the Orioles and Humming-birds, we all 
know that thej have kind and social natures and a pleasant song, and that the 
great Father of all the birds loves them dearly, and is pleased when the other 
birds try to do them good. The Hawks and Owls have long oppressed them ; 
have broken their eggs, devoured their young ones, and destroyed their homes ; 
but we trust that you give them a cordial welcome to your nest, and that, by 
the profits of your admirable bank, they will ere long be made as comfortable 
and prosperous as the rest of the birds. 

" One of the Kirtland birds, Lennie B. by name, who is eight years old, 
has received from the old and 3'oung birds of this vicinity five dollars and 
twenty cents, which he wishes to deposit in your bank, for their benefit." 

This is the story, and if it could be brought to the knowledge of that 
class of our population which robs birds'-nests on Wednesday and Saturday 
afternoons, and even plays truant on other afternoons for the same purpose, 
we think it would break up the habit. 

But aid might be extended to black freemen as well as to black freedmen. 
There was already one method open to those who wished well to the negro in 
the North — that was to enable him to prove his manhood by fighting for his 
country. Negro regiments had already been raised in Massachusetts under 
the direct auspices of the state, the regiments being numbered and their 
ofiicers appointed, precisely as if they were white. Obstacles existed to this 
course in Pennsylvania and New York : there regiments could be raised under 
United States authority only, and for this considerable sums of 7noney were 
necessary. A number of gentlemen took the matter in hand in Philadelphia, 
in the spring of 1863, and the result of their action was the appointment of 
a " Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Troops,'" of which Thomas 
Webster was made Chairman, Cadwalader Biddle, Secretary, and Singleton 
Mercer, Treasurer. The subscriptions which were solicited by this committee 
were to be expended in "defraying extraordinary exjjenses attending the 
recruiting of three colored regiments for the war." Though these expenses 
had been $30,000 per regiment in Massachusetts, the committee ventured to 
say that with $30,000 in hand they could recruit three regiments, and 
appealed to the citizens for that amount of money. Somewhat more than 
this was readily obtained. 

The first squad of eighty men was sent to Camp William Penn on the 
26th of June, and on the 24th of July the first regiment, called the Third 
United States Colored Troops, was full. It lefl camp on the 18th of August, 
and was in front of Fort Waaner when that work was abandoned. 



RELIEF FOR THE VICTIMS OF THE RIOTS. 377 

The second regiment, the Sixth United States, was fidl on the 13th of Sep- 
tember, and left camp for Yorktown on the 14th of October. 

The third regiment, the Eighth United States, was full on the 4th of De- 
cember, and left camp for Hilton Head on the 16th of January, 1S64. 

The committee had now fulfilled their pledge, but they still pursued their 
self-imposed task, recruiting and dispatching the Twenty-second and Twenty- 
fifth United States during the months of February and March. Not content 
with this, they opened a free military school at their head-quarters, under the 
direction of Colonel John II. Taggart, for the education of officers of colored 
regiments. All the students sent from this institution before the Examininff 
Board at Washington, passed and received commissions. 

And now another opportunity was presented. Soon after the quelling of 
the draft riots in New York, in the second week of July, 1863, in which the 
negroes, both men and women, underwent frightful persecutions, a meetino- of 
merchants was held to devise measures for their relief. The following gen- 
eral committee was appointed : 

Benj. B. SnERM.\N, .Iackson S. Sciiultz, Samuel Woxets, 

John D. McKenzie, Edward Ckomwell, Wm. W. Wicjkes, 

Jonathan Sturges, Richard P. Buck, W. Allan, 

Geo. C. Collins, Wm. II. Lee, Ciias. E. Beehe, 

Wm. a. Booth, Horace Gray, Jr., A. R. Wetmore, 

A. F. OcKERSHAUSEN, W.M. E. DoDGE, JcSEPH B. CoLLINS. 

T. 0. DoREMUS, 

At an adjourned meeting, held July 20th, Jonathan Sturges addressed 
those present, and, in the course of his remarks, spoke as follows : 

"I have been forty-one years a merchant in my present location. During 
this period I have seen a noble race of merchants pass away. I cannot help 
calling to mind the many acts of charity which they performed during their 
lives. I hardly need to name them ; you all know them. You know how 
they sent relief to southern cities when they were desolated by fire or pesti- 
lence ; how they sent ship-loads of food to the starving people of Ireland ; this 
last act of brotherly love we have had the j^rivilege of imitating during the 
past winter ; and as often as occasion requires, I trust we shall be quick to 
continue these acts of humanity, thus showing that the race of New York 
merchants is not deteriorating. We are now called upon to sympathize with a 
different class of our fellow-men. Those who know the colored people of this 
city, can testify to their being a peaceable, industrious people, having their 
own churches, Sunday-schools, and charitable societies ; and that, as a class, 
they seldom depend upon charity ; they not only labor to support themselves. 



378 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

but to aid those who need aid. This is their general character, and it is our 
duty to see that they are protected in tlieir lawful labors, to save themselves 
from becoming dependent on tlie charity of the city. "We have not come 
together to devise means for their relief because they are colored people, 
but because tliey are, as a class, persecuted and in distress at the present 
moment. It is not necessary for our jjresent purjDoses to inquire who the 
men are who have persecuted, robbed, and murdered them. We know they 
are bad men, who have not done as they would be done by. Let us not 
follow their example ; let us be quick to relieve those who are now in trouble, 
and should we ever find those who have persecuted the negroes in like 
trouble, let us be quick to relieve theiji also, and thus obey the injunction of 
our Divine Master: 'Bless those who persecute you.' " 

An executive committee of the following gentlemen was then appointed : 

John D. McKexzie, Chairman. Jonwtiian Stui!ge.s, Trcasuivr. 

Geo. C. Collins, Secretary. 
Jackson- S. ScniLTZ, A. R. AVetmore, 

JosEi'H B. Collins, Edward Cromwell. 

Subscriptions were now in order, and Mr. Edward Cromwell stated that 
he was authorized by members of the Produce Exchange to hand to the 
treasurer their check for $800, on account. This was subsequentl}' increased 
to $1,511. Subscriptions to the amount of §6,500 were recorded before the 
meeting adjourned. Mr. Vincent Colycr was soon after made secretary, and 
was authorized to secure a suitable central office. From Mr. Colyer's report 
of the manner in which the fund, which reached, in tlie aggregate, $-11,086.08, 
was administei'ed, the following facts are gathered : 

The negroes, driven from the city by fear of death at the hands of the 
mob, had taken refuge on Blackwell's Island, at the police stations, in swamps 
and woods in New Jersey, in the barns and outhouses of farmers of Long 
Island. Five thousand men, women, and children, absolutely homeless and 
penniless, were collected in these places. To restore their confidence by 
establishing some central point at which they could receive aid, and where 
they would be protected from violence, was the first point to be gained. This 
was done ; an office was secured in Fourth Street, and opened for business on 
the 2od of Julv. On the first day, thirty-eiglit applicants received aid ; on 
the second, three hundred and eighteen ; and on the third, three thousand 
negroes, all wearing the marks of abject misery, some of them presenting the 
unhealed evidences of abuse, filled the neighboring streets. The soldiers of 
the Twelfth Eegiment of State Troops, whose quarters were in an upper story 



RECRUITING OF COLORED TROOPS IN NEW YORK. 379 

of the building, threw out their rations to the throng, when a pitiable scramble 
to obtain them followed. 

During the month ending August 21st, six thousand three hundred and 
ninety-two adults, representing twelve thousand seven hundred and eighty- 
two persons, had been relieved. The aid extended was principally in money, 
a small portion being in clothing. Messrs. James S. Stearns and Cephas 
Brainerd, assisted liy other gentlemen, made out, without charge, over one 
thousand claims for damages against the city. Of the men relieved, exactly 
one half were laborers and 'longshoremen, the larger part of the remainder 
being whitewashers, porters, waiters, carmen, sailoi-s, coachmen, and cooks. 
Two thirds of the women worked by the day, the rest being princiixdly 
servants, seamstresses, and cooks. 

As soon as the more pressing necessities of the sufferers were relieved, four 
clerks were discharged, and four colored clergymen employed in their places. 
These persons visited applicants for aid at their homes, making in all three 
thousand visits, and relieving the wants of one thousand men and women. 
Ninety-five per cent, of the individuals who asked assistance were found 
to be worthy of it, and the proportion of vicious and indolent persons was 
not found to be greater than among the more favored classes of society. 

The sum of $60,000 was raised in New York for the benefit of the mem- 
bers of the police, fire department, and national guard, injured in the riots. 
Of the police, several had licen killed and several dangerously wounded. 

And now commenced the recruiting of colored regiments in New York ; 
this measure, if not hastened by the riots, was certainly not postponed an hour 
by them. 

On the 12th of November, 1863, the Union League Club of New York 
appointed a committee of seven members, to adopt and prosecute such 
measures as they might deem most ellectual, to aid the government in raising 
and equipping the quota of volunteei-s required of the city. The committee 
consisted of the following gentlemen : 

Alexander V.\n Rensselaeu, Cliairman. .James A. Roosevelt, Treasurer. 

Geo. Buss, Jr., Secretary. 
Le Gkakd B. Cannox, Elliot C. Cowdix, 

Chas. p. Kiekland, SnERMAN J. Bacox. 

The first plan discussed was that of raising a fund to pay additional 
bounties to volunteers. This was finally rejected, in the belief that though it 
might fill certain regiments, it would not add to the aggregate number of 
soldiers in the service. On the 22d of the month a letter was addressed to 



380 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Governor Seymour, asking his authority to raise a regiment, or a niimljcr of 
companies, of colored men in the state. Receiving no encouragement in this 
quarter, they applied to the Secretary of War, making the following statement : 
" Our sole bond of association is an unflinching determination to support the 
government. "We have subscribed a large sum, to be approjn-iated to the 
raising of a colored regiment, and can procure much more. We believe that 
by our exertions and influence we can, with the permission of the government, 
put in the field a regiment worthy to stand side by side with the Fifty-fourth 
Massachusetts." 

Authority to recruit the " Twentieth Regiment United States Colored 
Troops" was soon after received from Washington, and the committee at once 
applied themselves to use it. Mr. Vincent Colyer was made superintendent 
of recruiting, and in this position his experience acquired in North Carolina, 
under General Burnside, was in the highest degree valuable. 

At first the colored men of New York showed no great willingness to 
enlist. They had hardly recovered from the terrors consequent upon the riots 
of July ; agents, moreover, from Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode 
Island, had already secured and taken away those most desirous of fighting 
for their country ; and the conduct of the sub-agents engaged in recruiting 
for other regiments was of a nature to alarm and deter the rest. As soon as 
it was known that negroes would be received, runners of the vilest sort rushed 
into the work. Negi'oes were deceived into enlisting by the grossest pre- 
tences; they were seized, drugged, and hurried off to the rendezvous. These 
practices were not confined to the city, but wei'e of ilaily occurrence upon the 
great highways of travel leading to New York. The blacks naturally became 
afraid of all men who offered bounties for entering government service, and 
the agents of the committee were often set upon and driven off by persons 
who had been previously maltreated and outraged. 

The means adopted to correct these evils, and to convince the colored 
population that they were to be fairly treated, were, in the first place, public 
meetings, held in the colored churches. Addresses were made hy distin- 
guished gentlemen and by their own pastors, in which assurances were held 
out that all recruits should be honestly dealt with. Secondly, circulars and 
hand-bills were issued, stating correctly the amount of bounties and wages 
the recruit would receive, and the right of their families to their share of the 
Relief Fund. These statements, endorsed by eight colored clergymen, were 
distributed widely through the state. In the third place, the Rev. Mr. 
Garnet visited Riker's Island, heard the complaints of those who had been 



TUE RECEUITS AND THE STATE COUNTY. 



3S1 



defrauded, and General Dix at once took measures to arrest and puuisli the 
offenders. 

Recruits were now obtained as rapidly as they could be accommodated. 
Squads arriving in the city too late for the steamer plying between the shore 
and the rendezvous in the river, were kept over night at the quarters which 
had been obtained in Fourth Street, and provided with meals. Tliev came by 
fifties at a time ; the Rev. Mr. Le Vere offered himself, with the larger por- 
tion of the male members of his congi'cgatioa. William Derii;ks(ju, whose 






^\f'~,^ 




PAEADE OF TUB TWENTIETH U. 8. COLORED TROOrS IN NEW YCaS. 

motlier was murdered by the mob in July, whose clothes had been saturated 
with camphene, who had been covered with straw in the street, and who had 
been rescued by the police as the match was being applied, was one of the 
earliest volunteers. Many of these men left situations where they were earn- 
ing from thirty to sixty dollars a month. 

The time was now approaching when the recruits were to receive their 
state bounty of seventy-five dollars each man. They naturally desired to 
send a portion to their families, but as their post-office address was often too 
obscure to be found by the letter-carrier, they dared not send by mail ; and 
the hostility to the blacks was so great that the women and children were 
afraid to venture on the wharf, or on board the steamer plying to and from the 
island. The committee, therefore, chartered a steamer for this special sendee, 



382 TUE TEIBUTE COOK. 

and fourteen hundred women and cliildren -were carried to the rendezvous on 
the 2d and 3d of March, 1864. Hundreds of baskets were searched by the 
guard, but not a bottle of liquor was found. Forty thousand dollars were 
brought away by their relatives from the men of the Twentieth United States. 

This regiment having been filled, and another, the Twenty-sixth, having 
been recruited to the maximum by the 1st of February, authority was asked 
and received to raise a third, to be called the Thirty-first, though it was 
thought probable that the effort would fail, as more than half the able-bodied 
negroes liad actually enlisted. In the mean time, on the 5th of March, the 
Twentieth Eegiment left for New Orleans. A superb stand of colors, the 
regimental flag embroidered from a design furnished by Lcutze, was presented 
with great ceremony in Union Square, in behalf of some one hundred and 
fifty ladies, the mothers, wives, and sisters of the gentlemen by whose exer- 
tions the regiment had been raised. Tlic Twenty-sixth left New York on the 
2Tth of March for Annapolis and Beaufort, a severe storm preventing the 
intended farewell ceremonial. 

Recruiting for the Thirty-first proceeded slowly, as was expected. The 
State of New York had, according to the census of 1860, but about twenty- 
three thousand colored males, of whom nine thousand only were of the mili- 
tary age. Of these, five thousand would, in the ordinary ratio, be able-bodied 
and fit for service, and two thousand two hundred of the five thousand had 
already volunteered. A portion of the remainder, probably fifteen hundred, 
had entered into regiments belonging to other states, and several hundreds of 
others were in government employ as servants or teamsters. Three comjia- 
nies were, however, filled, and were ordered away in April, under the senior 
captain ; a consolidation was effected with three hundred men raised in Con- 
necticut, thus forming a battalion under a lieutenant-colonel. The battalion 
lost heavily in the battle of the crater at Petersburg, but was afterwards filled 
to the maximum, and a colonel was appointed to the command. 

The expenses of the committee in raising these three regiments were 
$19,000. The League had already raised $20,000 for the purpose, and would 
have furnished as much more as the committee had called for. More was not 
raised simply because it was not wanted. The conduct of the troops thus 
put in the field was such as to gi'atify those who had given their means or 
used their influence to further the measure, to silence those who had opposed 
it, and finally, when too late, to provoke a similar innovation on the part of the 
enemy. 



CHAPTER XI. 

INTERNATIONAL RELIEr 




— , st-. 






\. ~: 



-Vis 



THE QEORGK GEISWOLD, LADEN Wlrn BEKAnSTrPFS. 



--::> 



A STATE of things in the manufacturing districts of England, wliich had 
long been looked upon as inevitable, in consequence of the scarcity of cotton 
and the stagnation of American markets, existed, especially in Lancashire, in 
the summer and fall of 18C2. In July, the large manufacturers began to close 
their mills, and in October one half of the operatives were out of employment. 



384 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

while tlie remainder were working on sbort time. On the 1st of December, 
two hundred and fifty thousand persons were reeeiviiig parish relief in Lan- 
cashire, and as many more in Derbyshire were wholly dependent upon charity. 
In Glasgow and Paisley, in Belfast and Ballymena, the distress was hardly less 
acute. Death from starvation, or from disease induced by insufiicient food, 
had already taken place, and winter was close at hand. 

The idea of sending relief from America had been broached in several 
quarters, and a meeting was finally called in New York for the 4th of 
December, to take counsel on the propriety of such action. The attendance 
was large, and resolutions were unanimously jriassed, approving the object of 
the call, and advising that measures of relief be at once adopted. A letter 
was read from Messrs. N. L. & George Griswold, in which these gentlemen, 
after suggesting that a national subscription be set on foot, offered the use 
of a new ship, of eighteen hundred tons, for the conveyance of supplies, 
and their own services, if needed. Another letter was then read as follows : 

" New York, December 4, 1862. 
" To till' Chairman of tlie Committee for sending Aid to the Operatives of 
Lancashire: 

" Dear Sir : — I i-ejoice to see that our people are about to open the door 
of our bursting granaries, to send relief to the starving operatives of Lan- 
cashire. 

" The poor fellows have acted nobly ; famishing men, surrounded by their 
wives and little ones, ' fliint, and at the point to die,' will not join the clamor 
of interested leaders. 

"The value of our unity as a nation is well tinderstood by them, and 
they refuse to part with their birthright in this land of promise. 

" We offer them freely a welcome and a homestead ; and now that the 
blow, aimed at our existence, has fallen upon them too, shall we, who feed 
and heal those who aimed that blow when war brings them into our power, 
refuse these poor, innocent sufferers a helping hand in this winter of their 
calamity ? 

" No ! thank God, we have bread and to spare, and they will not say, ' I 
was an hungered, and ye gave me no meat.' 

"Will you add to your list 'One Thousand BaiTels of Flour,' from one 
whose loaf will taste the sweeter for sharing it with a famished brother, and 
brand it 'Union.' " 

A check for $7,000. to pay for these thousand barrels, accompanied the 



• INTERNATIONAL RELIEF. 385 

letter. The check was signed by John C. Green, who afterwards gave $5,UUU 
more. 

Thus a good shiji and part of her cargo were ah-eady obtained. Stimu- 
lated by these honorable examples, the merchants of New York responded 
liberally to the appeal, and $26,000 were subscribed at once. A committee 
of seventeen was appointed, as follows : 

Chairman, 
John C. Gkeen. 

Secretiiry, Treasurer, 

John Tatlok Johnston. A. A. Low. 

J. J. AsTOR, Jr., ■ Robert L. Kennedt, 

Samuel D. Babcock, Ciias. II. Marshall, 

S. B. Chittenden, Thomas Tileston, 

William C. Dodoe, Edwin D. Morgan, 

GeOROE GrISWOLD, RflBERT B. Mintlrn, 

Moses Taylor, John J. Phelps, 

John Jay, A. T. Stewart. 

Additions to the committee were subsequently made, till it finally con- 
sisted of eighty-six members. An appeal " to the American people in behalf 
of the suft'ering operatives of Great Britain" was immediately issued. A 
committee appointed by the Chamber of Commerce subsequently fused with 
the committee of merchants; while another, appointed by the Produce 
Exchange, retained its organization, though co-operating with them, and con- 
signing their purchases of supplies to the same parties in Liveiqjool. This 
committee forwarded one thousand barrels of flour by the ship Hope, which 
sailed some days before the George Griswold, the philanthropic clipper. 

The desire to aid in the work of charity seemed to be well-nigh universal. 
While the solid men drew their checks, while railway and telegraph com- 
panies offered the free use of their lines, hard-fisted citizens offered their ser- 
vices without charge. The Griswold had arrived in ballast from Boston, and 
the Ballast Masters' Association tendered their lighters to discharge her. The 
Association of Stevedores proposed to load her ; Mr. Edward Bill purchased 
eleven thousand barrels of flour without commission ; Mr. Mui-phy offered to 
pilot the vessel to sea ; and Captain George Lunt volunteered to take her across 
the ocean. 

On the 9tli of January, 1863, the Griswold was ready for sea, and the 
committee and invited guests assembled on board, to bid her farewell and 
God-speed. Prayer was offered by the Rev. William Adams ; and statements 

25 



386 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

were then made of the progress which had been effected, and of the cargo 
phiced in the ship. These may be summed np as follows : 

By the Relief ('otiuitittee. By the Produce E.rchange Committee. 

11,236 ban-els of flour, 1,.500 ban-els of flour, 

50 " pork, 50 " beef, 

125 " bread, 200 boxes of bacon, 

375 boxes " 8 tierces of rice. 

200 '■ bacon, 

500 bushels of corn. 

The Griswold sailed upon the 9thof January, and entered the port of Liver- 
pool on the 9th of February, after a boisterous passage. She was followed 
soon after by the Arkwright and James Foster, Jr., carrying three thousand 
barrels of flour, sent by the ilerchants" Committee. The Energy, the Emerald, 
and other vessels, successively departed, with two thousand five hundred and 
seventy-nine barrels of flour and three tierces of hams, from the two commit- 
tees. The total shipments of the two committees were, therefore, as follows : 

Relief Committee. Produce Exchange Committie. 

15,993 barrels of flour. 2.859 barrels of flour. 

125 barrels of bread, 208 boxes of bacon, 

375 boxes " 50^ barrels of beef, 

500 bushels of corn, 8 tierces of rice, 

200 boxes of bacon, 2 bags " 

50 barrels of pork. 3 tierces of hams. 

The total collections for the relief of the sufferers in Great Britain .were as 
follows : 

Collected by the International Relief Committee $141,5-10 G-l 

- Produce Exchange -' 28,875 00 

- Philadelpliia " about 62,000 00 

Sliip-load of provisions sent by A. T. Stewart to Ireland 30,000 00 

Contribution to Irish relief in New York 30,000 00 

Brooklyn 1.5,000 00 

" " " elsewhere, about 40,000 00 

Total, about $347,415 il4 

The provisions sent from New York were distributed among one hundred 
and eighty-three distinct localities in England, Ireland, and Scotland. They 
were generally received in the spirit in which they were sent, though the com- 
ments of one of the London weeklies were, literally, outrageous. But the 
operatives ate the proffered food, nevertheless, and few of those who sent it 
evei" read the malignant Saturday Review. 



CIIAPTEE XII. 

AID TO EAST TENNESSEE. 



.i*fe-sa 




l^J:' 



East Tennessee, which became at the very outset of the rebellion a puint 
of great interest to all, was inhabited, at that time, by about three hundred 
thousand souls, chiefly farmers of moderate means, cultivating their own 
homesteads. There were few slaves among them, fully nine tenths of the 
population being freemen. These, at an early date, avowed their determina- 
tion to stand by the Union — a step which at once brought ujjon them the most 
cruel and unrelenting persecution which the history of modem wars has been 
called upon to chronicle. Owing to their isolation, the government was unable, 
for two years, to reach and protect them, and during this time, a memorial was 
sent to Congress by Colonel Taylor, an East Tenncssean, in which he made 
the following statements : 

" In 1861, when the question was presented, out of a vote of forty thou- 
sand, they gave thirty thousand majority for the Union. Their arms and 
ammunition were seized, before they could organize, by the rebel soldiers; 
and though the government, which owed them protection, did not protect 
them, yet their hearts clung to the government, and they jirayed for the 
Union. Five thousand of their men have seen the inside of rebel prisons, 
and hundreds of them, covered with filth and devoured by vermin, have died 



388 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

martyrs to their country there. Their property has been seized, confiscated, 
their houses pillaged, their stock driven off, their grain consumed, their sub- 
stance wasted, their fences burned, their farms devastated by friends as well as 
foes .... Their young men have been hunted like wild beasts by soldiers, by 
Indians, sometimes by bloodhounds, and, when caught, tied two and two to 
long ropes, and diiven before cavalry, thin-clad, barefooted and bleeding, over 
frozen roads and icy creeks and rivers. Some have been beaten with ropes, 
with straps, with clubs. Some have been butchered, others shot down in their 
own houses or yards, in the high-road or the field, or in the forest; others, 
still, have been hung up by the neck to the limbs of trees, without judge or 
jury. I have heard of no single neighborhood within the bounds of East 
Tennessee whose green sod has not drunk the blood of citizens murdered." 

Even when this devoted district was occupied by the United States forces, 
relief could not be at once rendered, for General Burnside, compelled to make 
forced marches upon Knoxville, had no provision train with him, and, of 
necessity, lived off the country. Communication, however, was finally opened, 
and a terrible cry for relief was at once heard from the afflicted people. Colo- 
nel Taylor, who had formerl}' represented them in Congress, was deputed to visit 
the North to make their condition known, and ask for assistance. This was 
rendereil, more jiarticularly at two points, Boston and Philadelphia. Colonel 
Taylor addressed the Legislature of Massachusetts, and so great was the sym- 
pathy excited, that a resolution was at once introduced, appropriating $100,000 
from the State Treasury for the relief of the people of East Tennessee, in 
spite of the grave doubts entertained of the constitutionality of such a meas- 
ure. A public meeting was held at Faneuil Hall, on the 10th of Feliruary, 
1864, in furtherance of the movement, the following officers being appointed : 

President, EnwAiin Everett. 

Vice-PrcsiiJen ts. 

Governor Andrew, Hon. Charles G. Loring, James Lawrence, 

Mayor Lincoln, William Claflix, Richard FROTiiiX(;iiAM, 

Hon. J. E. Field, Patrick Donaiioe, Julius Rockwell, 

" A. If. Bullock, William B. Rogers, Charles L. Woodburt, 

" R. C. WiNTHROP, Charles B. Goodrich, John M. Forbes. 

Secretaries, 
Colonel F. L. Lee, Samuel Fijothingiiam, Jr. 

Mr. Everett, on taking the chair, made a short but most beautiful and sym- 
pathetic address, describing the natural characteristics of the region for which 
he had come to plead, its rivers, valleys, and mountains : fertile, many of them, 



EAST TENNESSEE. 389 

to tlieir summits ; its mines, its mineral springs, its frugal, industrious, and 
loyal population, its temperate and healthful climate, its soil equally divided 
into farms tilled each by its owner, the labor of slaves being almost unknown. 
He closed his picture of the American Switzerland by a paraphrase of the 
German poet : 

On the mountains is Freedom : tlie breath of the vales 
Rises not up to tlie pure mountain gales; 

and gave way to Colonel Taylor, with the practical assertion : " If the Union 
means any thing, it means not merely political connection and commercial 
intercourse, but to bear each others burdens and to share each other's sacri- 
fices ; it means actual sympathy and efficient aid." 

Colonel Taylor then told his sad, almost incredible story. On reaching the 
point in his narrative where the United States forces entered the territory, he 
said: "Four times have the Union and rebel armies traversed tlie whole 
length of East Tennessee, exhausting the country all around for current sup- 
plies, and, at every movement, widening the track of ruin tliat they left 
behind them. In the path of the armies came robbers, who found convenient 
hiding-places in the mountains that skirt our valleys, and came down and 
claimed their share of the property of our plundered people; and thus it came 
to pass that our barns and stables, our cribs and dwellings, were entered and 
robbed, and our people left utterly destitute. Our blankets and bed-clothing, 
every thing of woolen that was calculated to render the soldiers more comfort- 
able, was seized by the strong hand and carried away. Our tanneries shared 
the same fate. The}' had all been compelled, in the reign of the rebels, to 
contribute sixty per cent, of their leather to the government for the slioeing 
of their soldiers ; but now, when they were retreating from the state, they 
seized all the leather in the vats and bore it away, leaving our old men and 
women and children to meet the rigors of the passing winter barefooted, as 
well as almost naked. 

" Believe me, fellow-citizens, East Tennessee has drunk the full cup of suf- 
fering, and nothing seems left her but to drain its bitterness to the very dregs. 
She has sacrificed every thing but loyalty and honor ; she has suffered every 
thing but dishonor and death ; and now, destitution and famine, followed by 
despair and ruin, are trampling upon the thresholds of her sad homes — are 
entering their very doors, ready to consummate the sacrifice and complete the 
suffering. But, thank God, throughout her sufferings slie has been faith- 
ful. Persuasion, threats, insults, imprisonments, wounds, stripes, privations, 



390 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

chains, confiscation, gibbets, and military murders, the clash of arms, the ter- 
ribleness of armies with banners, and all the combined and concentrated 
horrora of internecine war marshalled upon her battle-torn bosom, and hurl- 
ing sorrow and ruin into all her homes, have never corrupted her loyalty, 
nor driven her a solitary line from her devotion to the government of her 
fathers. . . . East Tennessee, my native East Tennessee, has sacrificed all 
she had for the country. Her barns and mills, her flocks and herds, her cattle 
upon a thousand hills, have all been offered up. Her corn and wheat are 
all consumed ; her young men — all who have not perished in the camp 
and on the battle-field — are now swelling the ranks of your victoiious 
armies; and, sir, our matrons and maidens, our old men and little children, 
our soldiers' widows and orphaned babes, are all bound and upon the altar. 
Already the sacrificial knife is uplifted ; it trembles in the hand of Famine. 
May God save my people, and avert the stroke in this their day of trial !" 

Upon the conclusion of Colonel Taylor's appeal, a series of resolutions 
was offered and adojjted, the following being the pith of the whole: "That 
we call upon our legislature to make a liberal grant in aid of the loyal 
population of East Tennessee, and that it will be a matter of just pride that 
the name of our old commonwealth shall head the national subscription, which 
will carry hope and life to those noble men and women." The officers of 
the meeting were then made a committee to present the subject of the resolu- 
tions to the legislature. 

The report of the proceedings of this meeting appeared in the Boston 
papers of the 11th of February. No allusion had been made to the subject 
of private subscriptions, the object of the assemblage having been exclusively 
to create a public sentiment in favor of a legislative appropriation. Mr. Everett 
nevertheless received, on the same day, the following letter, written apparently 
in a female hand, and enclosing three dollars : 

"Boston, February 11th, 1864. 

"Dear Sir : — Enclosed is a mite which I wish forwarded with the thou- 
sands and tens of thousands of dollars that I hope will be sent forward fi'om 
this goodly city of Boston, to alleviate the unparalleled sufferings of our 
dearly beloved countrymen in East Tennessee. 

" Such earnest, eloquent pleading as comes to us from our old cradle of 
liberty, can not be unheeded by any patriot or lover of his race. 

" Teacher of a Public School. 
"Mr. Everett." 



AID TO EAST TENNESSEE. 



391 



Mr. Everett publicly acknowledged the receijit of this letter and its inclosure 
the next day, adding: "Small as the sum is, I doubt not it is large for the 
means of the giver, and it will sustain the life of one of our starving brethren 
in East Tennessee for a fortnight. If a small portion of our community only 
would, according to their ability, imitate this example, that desolated region 
might again become the happy valley of the South." 

Contributions now began to flow in; but it was evident that people were 
holding off, and awaiting the action of the legislature. " We are moving very 
slowly," wrote Mr. "W. II. Gardiner to Mr. Everett " Private citizens seem to 
be waiting for some action of the legislature ; the legislature seems to be 
waiting to know how the people would like to see their money given away ; 
but while we ponder, Tennessee starves." This letter contained a check for 
$200. The tide of sympath}-, as evidenced by acts, now rose higher and 




EAST TENNESSEE HEFUGEES. 



higher, though the probability of state aid being afforded was increased by the 
presentation of a memorial to the two houses, affirming the constitutionality 
of such a grant, signed by Judge Curtis and others. Mrs. Pratt, in her ninety- 
seventh year, sent $250 ; Dr. Jackson, $50 ; Mr. William Gray, $500, with 
the promise of as much more, if state aid were withheld. 

On the 25th, the Speaker of the House, Mr. Bullock, apprised Mr. Everett 
that the legislature, jicting under grave doubts as to the legality of making 
an appropriation, had voted, though reluctantly, against it. He broke the 



/ 



392 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

unwelcome news, however, by interposing his check. This gave a new impulse 
to individual beneficence, and, on February 29th, more than §4,000 were 
received. An appeal to the people of Massachusetts was issued on the 2d 
of March, up to which date nearly $20,000 had been spontaneously contrib- 
uted. Half of this sum was sent to Mr. Lloyd P. Smith, of Philadelphia, 
who was just starting for Knoxville with the proceeds of the Pennsylvania 
subscription in the same behalf* 

In one day, the 3d of March, $6,350 were added to the Massachusetts fund. 
On the 8th, $1,000 were received from the Forty-fourth regiment, the officers 
and men having diverted that sum from the regimental fund. $52,000 had 
been received in the thirty days following the meeting in Faneuil Hall. 

The Ladies' Sewing Circle having intimated through their president, Mrs. 
George Ticknor, that they would gladly make up any material furnished 
them for that purpose, the sum of $2,000 was placed at their disposal. Two 
thousand nine hundred and twenty-one articles of clothing were forwarded 
from the rooms of the association. $60,000 were now paid upon the drafts 
of gentlemen accredited from the Relief Society of Knoxville, and the whole 
fund was finally disposed of in this way. 

In the mean time, the fund increased. From entertainments at Chickering's 
Hall, from concerts, dramatic performances, and exhibitions of tableaux, from 
children's fairs, from church collections, as well as from individual subscrip- 
tions, came large and small tributary streams, till, by the end of April, the 
accumulated collections amounted to $91,000. " One hundred thousand," 
says Mr. Everett, ''the amount of the appropriation jtrojiosed in the legisla- 
ture, had been assigned by public opinion as the sum which we should en- 
deavor to raise by private subscription ; and, on the 4th of June, that amount 
was reached. The foundation was laid in the teacher's donation of three dol- 
lars, on the 11th of February. The headstone was carried up by $1,000 
received from a children's fair at the house of Di'. T. I. Talbot, on the 4th of 
June." The last donation was made on the 26th of October, being the 

* The officers of tlie Penusylvania Relief Assoeiation fur East Tennessee were as follows : 

President, . , 
Es-Gov. Jajies Pollock. 

Secretary, Treaswer, 

JosEPU T. Thomas. Caleb Cope. 

Chairman of the Cornnattee on CoUcctions, and for tlie Foruardiitg of Supplies, 

J. B LiPPlNCOTT. 

Chairman of Erenitit'c ( oin7nittee, 
Llotu p. Smith. 

Tbe collections of this association were nearly ?30,000. 



EAST TENNESSEE RELIEF FUND. 



393 



proceeds of a, fair in Pinckney Street, Boston; bringing the total up to 
$102,180.08. Some $5,00(t worth of ready-made clothing was also con- 
tributed. 

In commenting upon '■ this most remarkable and suggestive fact devel- 
oped by the war/' the Knoxville Whig, of June 25th, said : " Between Ten- 
nessee and Massachusetts there has never been any identity of habit or 
thought, and no close commercial or personal ties, which sometimes bind 
together the citizens of neighboring states. Indeed, we have been taught for 
many years, though we did not all believe, that the people of the North were 
narrow-minded, .selfish, cold, and avaricious. But no sooner do they liear the 
tale of destitution of a people fifteen hundred miles away, than, with the 
instincts of a common humanity, a common religion, a common patriotism, 

they outstrip all others in the most generous race of charitv We say, 

from the bottom of oui- heart, all honor to glorious old Massachusetts ! The 

people of that state are indeed our neighbors and our brethren And 

so of nearl}' every state. Let us hold them in everlasting remembrance, and 
prove ourselves worthy of their beneflictions." 

The following list of the suliscriptions to the East Tennessee fund is given 
very nearly as it appeared in Mr. Everett's report, except that, to .<ave space, 
the sums bestowed anonymously are aggregated in one item, at the close. The 
titles, mottoes, and pregnant, pithy little expressions, which concealed the 
names of the anonymous givers, were curious and interesting : "A physician, 
who promises the same for every Saturday for five weeks, $10 '' — a promise 
which the physician kept ; " a dictate of conscience for the suftering lo\-alists ;" 
" a slice from our Daily Bread ;" " a little more help ;" " Acts xi., 26th and 
27th ver.ses ;'' " from one who keeps his money as long as his coiiscieiu'e will 
let him," &e., &e. 



LIST OF CONTRinUTIONS TO THE BOSTOJT FUND FOR THE RELIEF OF THE 
LOYAL AND SUFFERING EAST TENNESSEANS. 



Teacher of a Public Scliuol .... 

F. H. Peabody 

Lt.-Col. Peaboily 

Mrs. Sylvester Raker, .Jr., Yar- 

moutli Port 

James Gurdon Chirke 

Mrs. S. Hooper 

Mrs. John Mackay 

Charles P. Curtis 

Augustus Lowell 

E. A. Ravmoiul 



$.3 


00 


100 


00 


.50 


OO 


5 


00 


50 


00 


100 


III! 


100 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


30 


OO 



W. H. Gardiner |200 00 

Elisha T. Loring 100 00 

General James T)ana, Charles- 
town 

Mrs. E. Wiggleswoi-th 

Octavius Pickering 

Iir. James Jackson 

Children's Fair in Mt. Yernon 
Street 

.Tohn Gardner 

William Everett 



50 


00 


100 


00 


GO 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


20 


00 



394 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



W. F.Weld . $100 00 

Dr. Jolin Unmans 100 00 

Mrs. William Pratt 250 00 

Mrs. G. II. Shaw 250 00 

Sprague, Soule & Co 500 00 

Edmund Munroe 50 00 

Ladies of Necdliani Plain 52 00 

Lydia S. Gale 200 00 

J. C. Iloadley, New Bedford ... 48 00 

Mrs. Henry Grew 200 00 

Nathaniel Francis 200 00 

Ignatius Sargent, Maohias, Me., 
the contribution of loyal citi- 
zens 100 00 

Abbott Lawrence 200 00 

James Parker 100 00 

Henry W. Pickering 50 00 

Miss Charlotte Harris 100 00 

Miss Ira E. Loring .300 00 

Miss F. L. Gray 25 00 

Miss A. G. Gray 20 00 

William Gray 1,000 00 

George Howe 200 00 

Mrs. G. Lee 100 00 

James Sturgis 50 00 

P. C. Brooks 200 00 

Thomas J. Lee 50 00 

Masters Reginald and Sam. S. 

Gray 10 00 

Wm. T. Andrews 100 00 

Dr. Charles Mifflin 50 00 

Miss Louisa M. Goddard 50 GO 

Hon. A. II. Bullock 100 00 

William S. Rogers 50 00 

Mrs. Abby L. Wales 100 00 

Miss Wales 500 00 

W. W. Clapp, Jr 25 00 

Hon. George B. Upton 200 00 

George W. Wales 200 00 

Rev. Dr. Burroughs 50 00 

Mrs. Dr. Hayward, Pemberton 

Square 100 00 

Hon. Dwight Foster 50 00 

Master Willie R. Richards 10 00 

Charles Deane 100 00 

Sam. Boyd, Marlboro' 100 00 

Joseph Whitney & Co 100 00 

Jonathan Ellis & Co 100 00 

Mrs. B. D. Greene 200 00 

George Livermore, Cambridge . 1 00 00 

Sterne Morse 100 00 



Rev. Dr. N. L. Frothingham . . . $50 00 

Turner Sargent 200 00 

Richard Leeds 50 00 

Johnson & Thom|).son 100 00 

J. C. Tyler & Co 100 00 

C. D. Head & T. II. Perkins . . . 100 00 

Dr. John Ware 50 00 

John Wooldredge 100 00 

Boston Stock and Exchange 

Board, by imanimous vote. . . 1,000 00 

Charles E. Guild 25 00 

Hon. Jacob Sleeper. . . 100 00 

H. & L. Chase 50 00 

Matthew Ilowland, New Bed- 
ford 50 00 

Samuel Johnson 200 00 

Mrs. Thomas G. Gary 100 00 

B. C. Ward 100 00 

John J. Low, West Roxbury. . . 25 00 

Rev. Wm. Mountford 50 00 

James M. Beebe 200 00 

Joseph B. Glover 100 00 

Robert AVaterston 100 00 

J. Huntington Wolcott 200 00 

Mrs. Wolcott 100 00 

J. Randolph Coolidgo 50 00 

Hon. Stephen Fairbanks 100 00 

Hon. C. G. Loring 100 00 

The Misses Lowell, Roxbury. . . 200 00 

Mrs. Mary B. Parknuin 25 00 

Miss Eliza S. Quincy 50 00 

C. H. Gay 25 00 

Martin L. Bradford 50 00 

R. C. Mackay 150 00 

W. Mackay 50 00 

James Iliinnewell, Chark-stown 100 00 

Rebecca P. Allyn, Candn-idge. . 20 00 

Carruth & Sweetser lOU 00 

Col. Charles R. Codman 50 00 

Jacob Stone, Newburyport .... 20 00 

Col. Theodore Lyman 100 00 

A. S. Stimpson 25 00 

Clara and Lucy Rogers, twin sis- 
ters SO 00 

Martin Brimmer 250 00 

Master Edward Gray 8 00 

Mrs. Eliza Babcock 20 00 

Mrs. Henry W. Pickering 50 00 

Harry Pickering 10 00 

Thos. Wigglesworth 200 00 

Miss Mary Wigglesworth 100 00 



EAST TENNESSEE RELIEF FUND. 



395 



IIdii. Charles Allen $25 00 

Dr. R. W. Hooper 100 00 

Mrs. E. Hooper 100 UO 

Miss E. Hooper 50 00 

Miss M. I. Hooper 50 00 

Miss Ellen S. Hooper 50 UO 

Marian Hooper 50 00 

J. H. Eastbum 100 00 

Solomon I'ii>er 100 00 

Jacob A. Dresser 50 00 

John Collamore 50 00 

J. "Wiley Eilmands 500 00 

Mrs. E. R. ISfudge 50 00 

From the Second Church in Dor- 
chester, of which from Mrs. 
Walter Baker $100, and from 

the Misses Oliver $50* 3'25 00 

Mason G. Parker 25 00 

George H. Tilton 25 Od 

William W. Tucker 100 00 

Field, Converse & Allen 100 00 

Miss Elizabeth S. Bangs 30 00 

J. Eliot Cabot 50 00 

Dresser, Stevens & Co 50 00 

J. E. Thayer & Brother .100 00 

W. B. Si)ooner 200 00 

G. B. Gary 50 Oo 

Sidney Bartlett 100 00 

J. Appleton Burnham 100 00 

Charles Hook Appleton 100 OO 

Charles Amory 100 0(J 

Patrick Donahoe 100 00 

Rev. 0. T. Thayer 50 On 

Rice, Kendall & Co 100 00 

J. C. Howe & Co 1,000 00 

Jos. S. Fay 100 00 

H. P. Sturgis 100 00 

Henry Lee 100 00 

Henry Lee, Jr 50 00 

Mrs. Heni-y Lee, Jr 50 00 

W. H. Guild 50 00 



E. R. Mudge, Sawyer »fe Co . . . . $500 00 

Col. Samuel Swett : 40 00 

Benjamin S. Rotch 100 00 

Mr.s. C. G. Loring 200 00 

lion. J. C. Dodge, Cambridge. . 50 00 

Henry Upham 100 00 

William Parsons 100 00 

Rev. Henry AV. Foote 30 00 

Josiah Qnincy, Jr 100 00 

Prof F. J. Child, Cambridge. . . 25 00 

W. S. Bullard 250 00 

Hon. Artemas Hale, Bridgewater 20 00 

Charles Brewer & Co 100 00 

Alexander Moseley 100 00 

I)aniel Hammond 50 00 

Alfred Winsor & Son 100 00 

G. W. Bond 1 00 00 

Dr. Charles E. Ware 50 00 

James O. Satt'ord 100 00 

Dr. Jacob Bigelow 150 00 

William O. Grover 100 00 

William S. Whitwell 50 00 

AVilliam Durant 100 00 

Mrs. J. Augustus Peabody 50 00 

Mrs. C. William Loring 50 00 

Thomas G. Api>leti>n 100 00 

Miss Ellen M. Ward 100 00 

Miss Julia E. Ward 100 00 

Harrison P.Page, Watertown.. 100 00 

Dr. Charles Beck, Cambridge.. 100 00 

Mr.s. Anna S. Muring 25 00 

T. W. Wellington, Worcester. . . 50 00 

Mrs. M. Lowell Putnam 100 00 

Mrs. S. A. Wright 20 00 

Seth Bemis, Newton 50 00 

Edward Cruft 50 00 

Mrs. S. Cabot, Hrooldine 100 00 

Mrs. E. W. Forbush 20 00 

Dr. O. W. Holmes 100 00 

Dr. H. Richardson 25 00 

Miss E. Richardson 25 00 



* The donation from tlie Second C'hurch in Dorchostcr was accompanied t)y tlie fullowiiig note : 

"Dorchester, 29lli Feb., 18(>4. 
" Dear Sir : — I have tlie pleasure of tran-imittin;;' to you $335, a contribution for the Patriots of 
East Teuuessee from friends in tlie Second Church, Dorclicstcr. We observe a fourth Saliliath eveuing 
of eacli month as a time for prayer for our country, and last evening tliought it fittiug to act as well as 
prity. 

" With nnic-h i-i-sjicct, 1 am. 

" Dear sir. truly your^, 

[Signed] "Jajies A. .Means. liixtor." 



396 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Win. B. Bradford 

Faulkner, Kimball & Co 

Wellington Brothers, East Cam- 
bridge 

Elisha Atkins 

Master Edwin F. Atkins 

James L. Little 

William Miinroe 

Dr. Edward Reynolds 

Miss Mason 

Miss S. L. Mason 

Hon. P. Sprague 

Samuel A. War 

J. S. Barstow 

George M. Soule 

C. A. Cummings 

C. F. Bovey & Co 

Wm. P. Mason 

Mrs. Daniel Denny 

Dr. W. R. Lawrence 

J. H. Billings 

Amherst, by the hands of Col. 

W. S. Clark 

Benjamin R. Gilbert 

Alexander Beal, Dorchester. . . . 

B. D. Emerson, Jamaica Plain. . 

Ezra Abbott, Cambridge 

John Bertram. Salem 

Hon. R. II. Dana, Jr 

Geo. W. AVheel Wright 

Miss C. H. Wild 

Weld Farm, West Roxbiiry 

Edward Atkinson 

D. W. Salisbury 

Burr Brothers & Co 

Henry L. Pierce, Dorchester . . . 

Francis Cabot 

Arthur Searle 

Messrs. Claflin, Saville & Co. . . . 

Eaton, Curaings & Co 

Francis Williams, Quiney 

Henry Williams 

Elbridge Torrey 

Mrs. James Lawrence 

Professor Asa Gray, Cambridge. 
L. Grozelier 

C. W. Clark 

Mrs. N. I. Bowditch 

J. Ingersoll Bowditch 

Mrs. J. I. Bowditch 

Wm. Claflin 



$50 


00 


500 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


10 


00 


250 


00 


200 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


25 


00 


30 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


25 


00 


500 


00 


200 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


250 


00 


50 


00 


25 


00 


100 


00 


20 


00 


200 


00 


.30 


00 


50 


00 


25 


00 


80 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


200 


00 


100 


00 


25 


00 


20 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


25 


00 


10 


00 


200 


00 


20 


00 


10 


00 


25 


00 


500 


00 


200 


00 


100 


00 


200 


00 



Hon. Seth Ames $50 00 

S. C. Thwing 100 00 

Pvev. Dr. Ellis and Mrs. Ellis, 

Charlestown 110 00 

Mrs. II. B. Rogers 100 00 

William Read & Son 100 00 

D. P. Ives 100 00 

J. E. Piper 5 00 

Rev. Dr. C. A. Bartol 100 00 

Leverett Saltonst.all 100 00 

Ariel Low & Co 100 00 

II. II. Ilunnewell 300 00 

Wm. Gray, Jr 250 00 

Mrs. S. P. Miles, Brattleboro'. . . 50 00 

Samuel Frothingham 150 00 

Samuel Frothingliam, Jr 50 00 

Dr. Henry Bartlett, Roxbury. . . 50 00 

S. G. Snelling 50 00 

Lindsley, Shaw & Co 100 00 

Henry Wainwright 100 00 

Rowland, Hinckley & Co 50 00 

J. G. Kidder 100 00 

John A. Blanchard 100 00 

Naylor & Co 300 00 

Sewall, Day & Co 100 00 

J. Field 200 00 

Chas. II. Coffin, Newburyport . . 100 00 

Charles B. Poor 25 00 

J. W. Paige 100 00 

J. F. B. Marshall 50 00 

Miss Harriet S. Hay ward 100 00 

Lemuel Shaw 50 00 

A. B. Almon, Salem 30 00 

George H. Gray an<l Danforth. . 200 00 

Hon. Albert Fearing 100 00 

lion. Rob't C. Winthrop 50 00 

George D. Wells 50 00 

Oliver Ditson 100 00 

E. B. Pliillips 25 00 

Mrs. R. G. Shaw 200 00 

Miss Louisa Shaw 25 00 

Jona. French, Roxlmry 100 00 

Mrs. James Sturgis 50 CO 

Jolm G. Tappan 100 00 

Charles F. Bradford, Roxbury. 50 00 

Charles K. Cobb 150 00 

George J. Fiske 100 00 

Homer B.artlett 50 00 

James W. Sever 50 00 

Hon. Edward Brooks 200 00 

Francis Brooks 100 00 



EAST TENNESSEE BELIEF FUND. 



H97 



Jos. E. Worcester, Cambridge.. |100 00 

George Gjii-diier 300 00 

Charles Heath 50 00 

Mrs. Cliarles Heath 50 00 

Miss E. Parsons 50 00 

S. WiUard & Son 100 00 

Larlvin, !?taeki)ole & Co 100 00 

Edward S. Pliilbrick 100 00 

Fishers & Cliapin 100 00 

Samuel May 200 00 

John J. May 100 00 

Natli'l Wiiisor & Co 100 00 

William S. Eaton 50 00 

Thomas Groom 50 00 

Maguire & Campbell 50 00 

L. A. Shattuck 50 00 

Reuben A. Richards 50 00 

Franklin King 50 00 

Francis Bacon 100 00 

William Ropes 100 00 

Isaac Thacher 100 00 

Elizabeth J. Stone 10 00 

David M. Hodgdon 50 00 

D. A. Dwight & Co 100 00 

William Perkins 100 00 

Robert S. Perkins 50 00 

J. W. P. Abbott, Westford 25 00 

William Raymond 10 00 

Otis Daniel 200 00 

F. Snow & Co 100 00 

Edward O. Banvard, Calais, Me. 50 00 

The Misses Snow, Roxbury ... 200 00 

Chief Justice Bigelow 50 00 

Sidney Homer 100 00 

Hon. George Morey 50 00 

Mrs. Sarah Johnson 50 00 

R. E. Robbins 250 00 

Dane, Dana & Co 100 00 

Little, Brown <& Co 200 00 

Capt. Arthur H. Clark 20 00 

Benjamin C. Clark 20 00 

Miss Donnison, Cambridge 50 00 

Hon. James Savage 200 00 

Prof. W. B. Rogers 25 00 

William Sprague 100 00 

Thos. G. Bradford 25 00 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph S. Beal, 

Kingston 50 00 

George Draper, Hojiedale, Mass. 50 00 
Jona. B. Briglit and others, Wal- 

tham 100 00 



Rev. Dr. Geo. Putnam, Pto.vbnry. $100 00 

Mrs. David Sears 100 00 

Dr. Wm. W. Morland 20 00 

Chandler & Co 100 00 

J. A. &. W. Bird & Co 50 00 

Seth Turner, Randolpli 50 00 

Walter Clianning, M. D 100 00 

Samuel B. Pierce 50 00 

Benj. Thaxter 50 00 

W. S. Appleton 100 00 

Daniel N. Spooner 100 00 

George F. Parkman 200 00 

AVilliam Reals 100 00 

Francis B. Hayes 100 00 

N. B. Gibbs 100 00 

Henry B. Rogers 500 00 

John A. Dodd & Co 100 00 

J. W. Wheelwright 50 00 

E. A. Boardman 30 00 

Dr. G. C. Shattuck 100 00 

0. C. Gilbert 50 00 

David W. Williams, Roxbury. . . 100 00 

Charles Emery 20 00 

Geo. C. Lord, Newton 100 00 

Charles H. Lord, " 1 00 00 

Edward W. Lord, " 28 00 

H. Williams, '• 10 00 

Nash, Spaulding & Co 300 00 

Hon. Emory Washburn 50 00 

James Hayward 100 00 

S. W. Rodman 50 00 

John Cormerais 25 00 

Dr. John Dean 20 00 

J. J. Dixwell 50 00 

Mrs. Anna Parker 50 00 

Grant, Warren ifc Co 300 00 

George R. Russell 200 00 

Mrs. F. C. Paine 25 00 

Gardner, Dexter & Co 100 00 

James Read 100 00 

Mrs. James Read 100 00 

Augustine Heard 100 00 

Charles W. Parker 100 00 

Joshua Stetson lOO 00 

Hon. S. Williston, E. Hampton. 100 00 

E. F. Waters 25 00 

The Misses Newman 200 00 

C. C. Perkins, Italy 100 00 

Curtis & Co 100 00 

Lizzie Lehuul 20 00 

Edward Motlev 50 00 



398 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



D. B. Flint $50 00 

Chai-les L. Young 50 00 

Waldo Maynard 50 00 

Francis Bassett 100 00 

Mrs. "W. C. Codman 50 00 

Thomas "Worcester 100 00 

Dr. U- Baron Paissell 50 00 

A. A. Lawrence, Jr., Brookline . 50 00 

T. Lee 100 00 

Jolin IL Thorndike 50 00 

Mrs. E. Miller and Chas. E. Mil- 
ler, Qiiincy 100 00 

Mrs. J. G. Howard, South Braiu- 

tree 10 00 

Samuel Gilbert, Boston 50 00 

Samuel Gilbert, Jr., Dorchester. 50 00 

George W. Harding, " . . 100 00 

W. C. Harding, Roxbury 100 00 

Officers and men of the Forty- 
fourth Regiment of Massachu- 
setts Volunteers 1,000 00 

Dana, Farrar & Hyde 200 00 

Foster & Taylor 200 00 

Otis Korcross 100 00 

His Honor F. AV. Lincoln, Jr.. 

Mayor 50 00 

Hon. J. Z. Goodrich 500 00 

Bigelow Brothers it Kennard. .. 100 00 

Mrs. K. H. Emmons 100 00 

Edward D. Peters & Co 300 00 

Samuel Atherton 50 00 

Ehen C. Stan wood & Co 100 00 

Brewster, Sweet & Co 100 00 

William Brigham 50 00 

Robert B. Storer 50 00 

W. P. Pierce 200 00 

P. Anderson, Lowell 25 00 

Jas. W. Walworth 100 00 

Isaac Livermore 50 00 

O. II. Sampson 25 00 

William A. Bangs 25 00 

J. Dixwell Thompson 25 00 

Jordan, ilarsli it Co 500 00 

clerks 82 00 

Wilson, Hamilton & Co 250 00 

J. C. Burrage & Co 250 00 

Hogg, Brown & Taylor 250 00 

Parker, Wilder & Co 2i0 00 

Denny, Rice & Co 300 00 

Wasliburn, Welch & Co 200 00 

Ilaiigliton, Sawver & Co 200 00 



Almy, Patterson & Co 1200 00 

Pierce Brothers <& Co 100 00 

King, Goodridge & Co 100 00 

Sweetser, Swan & Blodgett 100 00 

Burrage Brothers & Co 100 00 

George S. Winslow & Co 100 00 

Wilkinson, Lamb & Co 100 00 

J. C. Converse & Co 100 00 

Anderson, Heath & Co 100 00 

Hill, Danforth & Co 100 00 

Ordway, Tebbetts it Co 100 00 

clerks. . 31 00 

John C. Morse & Co 50 00 

Allen, Lane & Co 50 00 

Mrs. Isaac Fenno 50 00 

Thayer, Badger & Plimpton 50 00 

Stone, Wood & Co 50 00 

Woodman, Horswell it Co 50 00 

C. Curry 50 00 

II. E. Wright it Co 50 00 

F. A. Ilawley & Co 50 00 

Bliss, Whiting, Pierce & McKen- 

na 50 00 

Wliitney, Grain & Marr 25 00 

Gross, i)aniels & Co 25 00 

Whitten, Burdett it Young 25 00 

Washburn, Foque & Co 25 00 

Sargent Brothers & Co 25 00 

Lewis Coleman & Co 25 00 

Geo. W. Simmons & Co 25 00 

F. F. Wheeloek it Co 20 00 

N. II. Clark 20 00 

George Alden 5 00 

Tliomas B. Wales 100 00 

Levi Bartlett & Co 100 00 

Hon. Stephen Salisbury, Worces- 
ter 300 OC 

George C. Richardson 200 00 

J. P. Thorndike 100 00 

Ed w'd N. Perkins, Jamaica Plain 50 00 

Edward S. Tobey 200 00 

Ex-Governor Lincoln 100 00 

Gardner Brewer it Co 200 00 

Geo. P. Hay ward & Co 25 00 

William Dall 100 00 

Miss Henrietta Sargent 20 00 

Israel Whitney 25 00 

Kathan Matthews 100 00 

Proceeds of Mr. Siddons's read- 
ing 100 00 

Rev. Geo. M. Rice, Westford ... 5 00 



EAST TENNESSEE KELIEF FUND. 



399 



Citizens of lliillowL'll, Mo., per 

Justin E. Sniitli $203 00 

John 11. Sturgis 50 Ou 

J. P. Preston 100 00 

■\Villiani F. Matchett 25 00 

Soldiers' Aid Societv, 'Wintlirop, 

by the hand of Mrs. J. C. Hall, 

Treasurer 50 Oo 

Samuel G. 'Ward lUO 00 

Mrs. T. V,\ "Ward 100 00 

Benj. Abbott 25 00 

Mrs. Nathan A[>plotcui 100 00 

Hon. Richard Fletelier 100 Go 

Mrs. Judge Putnam* 30 00 

J. M. Forbes 250 00 

Hon. Jas. Arnold, New IJodford. 500 00 

E. S. Dixwell 20 00 

Hon. David Sears 150 00 

Samuel B. King, Taunton 100 00 

Theodore Dean, " 100 00 

Edmund Baylies, '• 100 00 

Mrs. Geo. A. Crocker, " 50 00 

Timothy Gordon, " 50 00 

Francis B. Dean, " 50 00 

Joseph Dean, " 50 00 

Artemas Briggs, " 50 00 

Sylvanus N. Staples, " 50 00 

Allen Presbrey, " 25 00 

Charles R. Atwood, " 25 00 

Charles Robinson, " 25 00 

Enocl! Robinson, ". 25 00 

TVilliam Brewster, " 25 00 

Le Baron B. Church, " 25 00 

Jesse Hartshorn, " 20 00 

A. King Williams, " 20 00 

James Henry Sproat, " 20 00 

Nathan A. Skinner, " 20 OO 

Charles H. Brigham, " 20 00 

Other subscribers in Taunton. . 120 00 

Chas. Hickling, Roxbury 50 00 

Hartley, Lord & Co 100 00 

George T. Rice, "Worcester 100 00 

F. Nickerson & Co 100 00 

Rev. Dr. S. K. Lothrop 10 00 

Citizens of Amherst, N. II 282 00 

James C. "Ward, Northampton. . 25 00 

P. Holmes, Kingston 100 00 

"V\'m. S. Adams, " 100 00 



Sabin & Page 

Mrs. J. Gardner ....'. 

Wm. Knowlton, Ujiton 

Franklin Haven 

Proprietors of the " Christian 

Examiner " 

George Allen 

Mrs. Abbott 

Peter Smith, Andovcr, Mass . . . 

Edwin Upton 

Francis Draper, Cambridge. . . . 

Alpheus Hardy <.fc Co 

AVebster & Co 

Sampson Reed 

Reed, Cutler & Co 

E. B. Welch 

Centre Cliurch in Ilaverlidl .... 
Edward Warren, M. D., Newtou 

Lower Falls 

Currier & Greeley 

Mrs. J. M. Codman, Brookliue. . 

Mrs. Nancy "White 

George Hews 

C. Ellis, M. D 

E. H. Eldredge 

Rolfe Eldredge 

The venerable President Quincy. 

Wm. M. Byrnes 

G. Rogers 

Isaac F. Dobson 

Francis Peabody 

AV. Amory 

J. P. Gardner 

J. D. Bates 

(!. M. Barnard 

T. Qiiincy Browne 

lasigi, Goddard it Co 

Mi.ss M. G. Loring 

"Waldo Flint 

Mrs. Tyler Bigelow, Watertown. 

Mrs. Theodore Chase 

Mary Leary, Halifax, N. S., now 

of AVest Newton 

Dabney & Cunningham 

G. Race 

Unitarian Society at AVatertown. 

P. A. Gay 

Jona. Ilowland, New Bedford. . 



SJioO 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


20 


00 


50 


00 


25 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


109 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


28G 


00 


4-5 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


25 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


20 


00 


20 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


300 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


2 


00 


50 


00 


10 


00 


4\r, 


GO 


50 


00 


50 


00 



* This vcneTubk" lady cuntrilmtcd liy lic-r nucdle-work over a. buiulrud dollars to tUu Fair for thu Saui- 
Larv Coniniissiou. 



400 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Pupils of Mr. T. Prentiss Allon's 
School, New Bedford* 

The master of the school 

Captain Latham Croos 

W. R. Austin, Dorchester 

Congregational Ch. in Shrews- 
bury 

N. G. Manson 

First Evangelical Congregational 
Church, Cambridgeport 

Mrs. Deborah Powers, Lansing- 
burg, N. Y 



..) ( 


00 


8 


00 


50 


00 


2.5 


00 


5.3 


50 


50 


00 



240 92 



500 00 



.Joseph Willard 

Rev. S. M. Worcester, Salem . . . 

Sophy Hayes 

Hon. John U. Clitford, ^'ew Red- 
ford 

Edward Page 

W. 0. Cabot 

Mrs. Gara'l Bradford 

Samuel May, Jr., Leicester. . . . 

William B. Howes, Salc:n 

Amos Cummings 

Claire A. L. Rice, llaiivers Centre 



e25 


00 


10 


00 


20 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


2.J 


00 


50 


00 


10 


00 


lUO 


00 


50 


00 


5 


00 




EAST TENNESSEE. 



*Tlie subscription paper at Mr. Allen's school had the following caption: 

"Tlic Iciyal lioys of Massacluisctts to tlie loyal hoys of Tennessee send greeting: Having heard 
tlirougli Colonel Taylor of the liardships and the privations tliat you have endured, while your fathers 
and our fathers have been struggling side l)y side, for the support of the Union cause and in defence 
of liberty, and feeling that, althouu;!! remotely situated, we are brotliers, and have a united interest in 
the prosperity of our glorious country, we wish to manifest to you our sympathy; and as we have 
been prosperous while you have been suffering, we wish to send you a trifle from our abundance. 
Accept, tlien, these contributions from our own private stores, and be assured we are happy to do our 
part towards relieving your wants and encouraging you to hold out, until better days shall conic, as 
we hope they will soou come to you." 



EAST TENNESSEE RELIEF FUND. 



Benj. B. Ho ward 

Dorr, Parks & Cci 

Citizens of Barnstable' 

J. H. Ward 

■Walter Aiken, Franklin, N. II . 

Osborn Howes 

Miss M. E. Davis 

Sanmel T. Morse 

J. Amory Davis, Dorchester. . . 

Edward Rnssell, " ... 

H. I. Nnzro, " ... 

Other citizens of " . . 

Joseph A. White 

Miss Arabella Rice, Portsmouth, 
N. II 

Ebenezer Collaniore, Oharles- 
town 

George May 

Daniels, Kendall it Co 

Friends of East Tennessee, East- 
port, Me 

E. E. Endicott, Beverly 

Ira C. Gray 

Proceeds of a concert at Plym- 
outh 

Oliver Preseott, New Bedford.. 

Shawmnt Sabbath School 

Wm. .J. Eotch, New Bedford. . . 

Lyman Tiffany 

J. P. Faulkner, North Billerica. 

John Perley, Salem 

Mrs. Persis K. Parkhurst, Tem- 
])leton. Mass 

Martha Hooper Lee 

Miss Abigail Locke, Templeton . 

W. C. Tenney, Marlborough, 
Mass 

D. Denny Rice (aged 7 years), 
Eoxburv 



$50 00 
75 00 

S92 50 

100 00 
10 00 

100 00 
10 00 
2.5 00 

100 00 
50 00 
25 00 
25 00 
50 00 

500 00 



50 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


140 


00 


25 


00 


20 


00 


58 


00 


50 00 


119 


77 


100 


00 


100 


00 



25 00 
30 00 



11 


00 


50 


00 


25 


00 


50 


00 


1 


21 



John Bartlett, Cambridge 

Citizens of Lexington, — chiefly 
the product of a collection ta- 
ken in the First Parish Cliurch 

E. B. Forbes 

Proceeds of an amateur concert 
given at Messrs. Chickering's 
Rooms, which were generous- 
ly offered for the occasion .... 

Collection taken in the First 
Church in Abington 

Goorge II. Kuhn 

S. F. Jenkins 

Collection taken in the Shepard 
Congregational Society, Cam- 
bridge 

A. S. Woodworth 

Teachers and pupils of the Berk- 
shire Family School, at Stock- 
bridge 

W. Chadbourne 

A few Citizens of Dan vers 

Allen Gannett, Lynnfield 

Proceeds of a dramatic exhibition 
and concert given by tlie young 
ladies and gentlemen connect- 
ed with the Mayflower Divi- 
sion, No. 33, S. of T. of Prov- 
incetown, Mass 

Elmer Townsend 

Collection taken at Trinity 
Church (including a check for 
^•200, from II. W. Sargent, of 
tlie State of New York) 

Jonatlian Bourne, Jr., New Bed- 
ford 

George F. Bartlett*, New Bed- 
ford, six English .sovereigns . 

Citizens of Plymouth 



401 

fe20 00 



281 25 
100 00 



fiOO 00 



70 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


1!)5 


50 


25 


00 


fi7 


50 


100 


00 


178 


00 


O 


00 



100 00 

50 00 



385 


00 


100 


00 


43 


00 


()42 


00 



* Mr. B;irtlett's donation was accompanied by the following iutoresting letter to Mr. Everett ; 

" New Bedfoud, March 21s/, 1SG4. 
" Dear Sik : — In response to Colonel Taylor's touching appeal, in behalf of our suffering loyal 
brethren in East Tennessee, I cheerfully part with the onlv thing saved from the whaleship ' Lafayette,' 
burned by the Pirate 'Alabama,' April 15th, 1863, off Fernando de Noronha, and enclose the same 
to you lierewith, viz. (6) six English sovereigns, wortli about forty-tlircc dollars. Captain Lewis was 
fortunately on shore with this gold to purchase stores, when Captain Scmmes steamed around the 
island and burned his sliip. I will regard it as a forced contribution from Captain Semmes, in the name 
of the immortal Lafayette, who loved our country and its Father, aud I am most happy in being able 
to malie so worthy a bestowal of it. 

"Tours respectfully, 
26 [Signed] "George F. Bartlett." 



402 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Collection taken in tlie First 
Congregational Society of Roy- 
alston $60 00 

Ladies and gentlemen of Brook- 
line 437 00 

Collections made at the Unitari- 
an, Orthodox, and Universalist 
Societies in "W. Cambridge. . . 466 56 

Baptist Church in Sharon 14 10 

Hon. Samuel Hooper, Washini;- 

tou 200 00 

The family of C. Lord, Buckland, 

Mass 6 10 

C. M. Owen, Stockbridge 50 00 

Simeon N. Perry, Walpole, N. H. 30 00 

F. A. Sawyer 50 00 

The Young Ladies' Soldiers' Aid 
Society of Nashua 50 00 

Members of the Boston Corn 

Exchange 1,130 00 

George F. Hoar, Worcester 50 00 

Benjamin Snow, Fitchburg 50 00 

A few contributors in Stock- 
bridge 50 00 

First Congregational Ohuroh and 

Society of Calais, Me 100 00 

Monument Church, South Deer- 
field, Mass 10 00 

Proceeds of a morning concert 

in Mount Vernon Street 260 00 

Arthur Wilkinson 100 00 

William Phillips& Son, New Bed- 
ford 75 00 

Dr. Jas. W. Thompson's Church, 

Jamaica Plain 506 44 



Collection made in Chelse.a, by 
three school-girls* 

Hon. Joseph Grinnell, New Bed- 
ford 

First Church in Boxford 

Alex. Strong & Co 

Stone & Downer 

Marlborough, collected by Rev. 
G. N. Anthony 

Proceeds of Second Reading, by 
Mr. Siddons .-uid Miss Cauiuron 

R. M. Mason, Paris 

Hancock Street Church, Quinoy, 
collected at a Prayer-Meeting. 

M. P. Grant 

Proceeds of a little girls' fair, 
near Plymouth Rock 

E. P. Tileston, Dorchester 

Samuel Downer, do 

Joseph Dix, do 

Lothrop & Moseley, do 

William W. Paige, do 

Daniel B. Stedman & Co., do . . . 

John Preston, do 

William L. Clark, do 

AViUiam B. Newbury, do 

Palmers & BacheUlers 

Henry C. Band, N. Cambridge. . 

Collection taken in the Law- 
rence Street Congregational 
Church, Lawrence 

Collection taken in the Central 
Church, Lynn 

Collections in Stockbridge, Mass., 
made by B. B. Craig 



$45 00 

100 00 
107 25 
KiO 00 
no 00 

304 65 



75 


00 


200 


00 


26 


15 


30 


00 


13 


00 


100 


00 


50 


00 


25 


00 


20 


00 


10 


00 


20 


00 


10 


00 


10 


00 


10 


00 


100 


00 


25 


00 


172 


00 


174 


17 


111 


00 



* The donation from Chelsea was accompan'K'd l\T the following letter: 

" CnELSE.1, Jfai-cJi 25th, 1864. 

" De.vr Siu : — We have been very much interested in the patriotic people of East Tennessee, and 
not being able to aid them with money, we thought we perhaps might do so by devoting to (hem our 
leisure time, of which we had ouly our aflernoons, as we are school-girls and have many lessons to 
learn. We have been from house to house in the little town of Chelsea, which is far from rich, with a 
subscription paper, asking from each person the small sum of ten or fifteen cents. The enclosed is 
the result of our efforts. It might be a comforting thought to the suffering Tennesseeans if they could 
know how generous and interested even the poorest people have been in their cause. One poor 
old woman gave all the money she had (seven cents), with the earnest wish that it was a great deal 
more, and that it might also do a little good. 

" Hoping that this may bring half as much comfort to some hungry Tcnnessecan as wc have hnil 

pleasure in collecting it, we are, 

" Very respectfully, 

"C. L. E. 
"M. S. E. 
"It. E. D." 



EAST TENNESSEE RELIEF FUND. 



403 



Ladies and gentlemen of the pri- 
vate tlieatriculs in Cliiol<ering's 
Hall $732 00 

Dr. Daniel Swan, Medford 100 00 

The Misses Welles 200 (lO 

Henry Edwards 50 00 

John Paissell, Greenfield 100 00 

F. Peirce & Co 100 00 

Mrs. Betsey S. Beal, Kingston. . 10 00 

Congregational Cliurch and So- 
ciety at West Boylston 29 00 

Amount given at St. Paul's 

Church on Easter Sunday. .. . .50 (10 

Abraham Barker 50 00 

Collection made in the (Jreen- 
ville Baptist Church and Soci- 
ety 44 56 

George A. Newell 50 00 

Baptist Society in Royalston. ... 25 00 

General John S. Tyler 50 00 

The Misses Baldwin, Dorchester GO 00 

Master Charles L. B. Whitney, 
prize for excellence in decla- 
mation, Springfield, Jfass .3 00 

William A. Wheeler. Dorchester 3 00 

Congregational Cliurch and So- 
ciety at Mattapoisett, Mass. . . 42 32 

H. Bromfield Pearson 100 no 

Edward C. Jones, New Bedford. 100 00 

Officers of the Customs in Bos- 
ton, $5 each 50 00 

Collection at a meeting in Som- 

erville 14 fiO 

Arthur Searle 30 00 

From D. H. Rogan, Greenfield, 
Mass., the contribution of an 
East Tennessee Refugee, and a 
few of his friends 12 _0n 

D. R. Greene, New Bedford lllO 00 

Pupils in the Adams School at 

Dorchester 50 00 

First Trinitarian Congregational 

Church at Maiden 35 00 

The officers of the 20th Regiment 

of Massachusetts Volunteers. . 125 00 

Citizens of Dorchester 93 00 

Easter offering in the Churcli of 
the Discijiles, Indiana Place, 
Boston 241 43 

From Bernardstown, Mass 90 On 

■Mrs. Maria F. Savles 500 00 



The Teachers and Scholars of the 
Unitarian Sabbath Sclmul, 
Gloucester, Mass 

G. W. Messinger, being his s.alary 
for the year as Treasurer of 
First Church, Boston 

Second Parish Sabbath School, 
Amherst 

Citizens of Auburn, Mass 

Mrs. McBurncy, Roxbury 

Congregational Parish in South- 
field 

llis Excellency, J. L. Motley, Jr., 
Minister of the United States 
at Vienna 

Collection at the Church in Ilou- 
satonic. Mass 

Collection in the Parish of St. 
Andre w.s, Hanover 

Proceeds of a masquerade in 
Cainbridge 

Congregational Society of Mil- 
ford.". 

Rev. R. M. Ilodges, Cambridge. 

Proceeds of an entertainment 
given under the auspices of 
the Teachers' Association .... 

Proceeds of a Juvenile Concert. 

Hon. Ichabod Goodwin, of Ports- 
mouth, from the estate of the 
late Mrs. Charlotte Rice, of 
that city, and in presumed .ac- 
cordance with what would 
have been her wishes 

Teacliers and Pupils of the Uni- 
tarian Sunday School at Exe- 
ter, N. H. . . ." 

Joseph Lovejoy 

C. P. Emmons, Needham 

A class in the Chestnut Street 
Congregational SabbathSchool 
at Chelsea 

Proceeds of a Fair for the chil- 
dren of East Tennessee by eight 
little girls at Plymouth 

Susan D. Rogers 

G. A. Bethune 

Missionary C'hurch in Lanesville. 
Gloucester, Mass 

Mrs. Henry Cutter, Winchester. 

Miss S. B. Morton, Milton Hill. . 



$30 00 



50 00 

20 00 
73 25 
50 00 

42 90 



200 


00 


16 


00 


46 


Oil 


150 


00 


45 


00 


101) 


00 


135 


0(1 


12 


00 



500 00 



(16 (10 
25 00 
25 00 



25 00 



80 


00 


25 


00 


50 


00 


20 


0(1 


10 


(10 


50 


00 



404 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Mrs. y. F. Safford, Milton Hill . . 

Hon. Samuel II. Dale. Mayor uf 
Bangor 

Friends of East Tennessee in 
Kantucket 

A collection on Fast Day at a 
Union meeting of the Baptist 
and Orthodox Churches in Lit- 
tleton 

Isaac R. Gilford, North Dart- 
mouth 

Proceeds of two amateur con- 
certs at Salem, under the aus- 
pices of Mr. Manuel Fenollosa 

Pupils and teacher of the Eliot 
Suliliath Scliool, Newton, Mass. 

Collection made in the Sunday 
School of the Eliot Church, 
Newton, Mass.* 

Ladies' Aid Society, South Dan- 
gers 

Four churches. South Danvers. 

Second Congregational Society 
in Nantucket 

Massachusetts Cliar. Fire So- 
ciety 

S. H. Bourne, Kennebunk 

Mrs. Mary Morton, Milton Hill. 

Mrs. M. II. M. Thompson 

Blodgett it White 

Thomas W. Mayhew, Westport 
Point 

Proceeds of tableaux at Jamaica 
Plain 

S. Blackinton, North Adams. . . 

S. Johnson, " 

S. W. Brayton, 

Mrs. Mary B. Parkman 

Chiefly raised by contributions 
in the several churches of Mil- 
bury 

The officers and crew of the U. 
S. Ship Rattler 



$25 00 
2.5 00 
30 00 



32 


Of) 


50 


00 


6.50 


00 


132 


00 



127 50 

50 00 
154 9S 

88 03 

300 00 

5 00 

50 00 

25 00 

100 00 

10 00 



su 


75 


100 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


5 


00 


1.50 


00 


127 


00 



T. Jefferson Coolidge $200 00 

C. D. Kellogg 20 00 

Citizens of Tyngsborough 23 00 

Collection made by three little 

girls in Concord, Mass 50 00 

Citizens of Dennis, being the 

proceeds of an exhibition held 

there 37 00 

Collection in the church of the 

Rev. Dr. Hill, in Worcester. . 222 00 

First Congregational Church in 

New Marlborough 40 00 

Universalist Church in Shirley 

Village 41 00 

Anonymoust 500 00 

Elias Keith, Rowe, Mass 6 00 

S. P. Brown, Dover, Me 100 00 

A few citizens of York, Me 45 00 

Proceeds of a little girls' fair in 

Dorcliester 200 35 

Proceeds of a young ladies' fair, 

held at No. 21 Boylston Place 1,000 00 

Citizens of Ipswich 385 00 

A few ladies in Belmont, by 

Miss Mack 57 00 

Collection taken in Rev. -Joshua 

Coit's church, at Brookfleld, 

Mass 30 00 

Aaron Roberts, Dover, N. II.. . 10 00 
A few individuals in North Par- 
ish, Portsmouth 150 00 

" Dickens Dramatic Club," 

Cambridge 103 00 

First Baptist Church in Dor- 
cliester 17 50 

Members of tlie M. E. Cliurch in 

Dorchester 35 00 

Collection in the Congregational 

Church at South Reading. ... 72 13 

Social gathering at do 46 00 

Collection in the Unitarian 

Church in North Chelsea 34 00 

Lafavette Burr 50 00 



* Mr. Bacon, in transmitting the handsome donation of the Eliot Sunday School, writes : "We 
were stimulated to make our collection as large as possible by the liberal oilcT of our Sabbath School 
teacher to double whatever sum might be contributed by the school. The result was a contribution 
of $13-3." 

t This munificent donation was enclosed in a note, in which the writer says : 

"I have stood in the fight many a day by the side of those East Tennessecans, but I see there 
are yet other ways of doing one's duty towards them ; so I add my contribution to their aid." 



EAST TENNESSEE RELIEF FUND. 



405 



Colk'ction at the Croinhie Street 
Church and Society at Salem 

Penny contributions of the 
Mount Yernon Sabbatli 
School, for one month 

Collection taken at the Church 
of the Tnity, at W(.>rcester . . . 

Collection taken at the Congre- 
gational Church at Wenham. 

Unitarian Sunday School at 
Quincy 

Collected in New Bedford, by 
Master Willie Ilowland, who 
was prevented from getting 
more by illness 

Collection at the Dorchester Vil- 
lage Church 

Collection at the church of tlie 
Third Religious Society of 
Dorchester 

Collection at the First Indepen- 
dent Methodist Church, Dor- 
chester 

Citizens of Dorchester 

John W. Peirce,* Jr., I'remont, 
Me 

Collection in the North Congre- 
gational Church and Society 
at Haverhill 



00 



00 



158 

21) (Ml 

25-t 10 



Edward Ilolbrook 

$73 47 •^ii'*- I^- Mills i& Son 

Collection in North Congrega- 
tional Churcli in Ilaverlull... 
Collection by the youngest class 
at M'lle De Bonville's school 
for young ladies, 5-t Chestnut 

Street 

Citizens of West Amesbury. . . . 
First Church in Roxbury, Rev. 

I)r. Putnam 

The proceeds of a little girls' 

fair in West Cedar Street, by 

Misses Maria Decatur, Grace 

3 50 Kellogg, and Susie Spring. . . 

A ])art of the " Penny Contribu- 

53 25 'i*^" " o*" t^h*^ Mather Sabbath 

School of Jamaica Plain 

The North Baptist Society in 

100 00 Dorchester 

Nickerson & Co 

Congregational Church and So- 

13 35 ciety of Buckland 

87 00 Congregational Society at Acton 
Miss Anne Wigglesworth,t a 

25 00 second donation of 

Miss Mary Wigglesworth 

E. D. Everett 

162 75 Citizens of Dana, Mass 



$20 00 
25 00 

1(;2 50 



25 00 

ii;i 00 

933 00 



50 65 



10 00 



15 


00 


100 


00 


32 


10 


7 00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


20 


00 


48 


05 



* The contribution of Master Peirce, a lad of twelve, was remitted in the following letter: 

"S. W. IIakbor, Tremont, Me., April o, 1864. 
" Dear Sir :— Enclosed please find ?35, wliieh 1 have collected for the sufTeriug East Tcnnes- 
seeans. I have read and heard so much of the sutferiugs of these loyal people, that 1 wished very 
much to do something for them. I said to my mother, I will give them my dollar, all my money. 
She said tliat will do very little good alone, but I might go round and ask my young friends to 
give for this noble cause. I was pleased to do so, and have collected this sum. I found both old 
and young ready to give me something; very few refused. In one family I got almost §.5. I know 
this is a small sum compared with the thousands you are receiving; but if some little boy in each 
town of this state would go round among his friends, the sums thus collected all put together 
would make thousauds of dollars; and, oh! how much suffering would be relieved! 

" Respectfully yours, 
[Signed] " Jno. W. Peirce, Jr." 

+ Miss Wigglesworth's second donation was enclosed in the following note : 

" Will Mr. Everett be kind enough to accept the enclosed, that it may lend its little aid in filling 
the vacuum which exists between the present receipts and the §100,000, which we niust send from 
Massachusetts. 

" I have not waited till this last moment before sending my mite, as my first was sent in February. 
But I cannot sit still and merely wish that our contributions should reach the sum of one hundred 
thousand. I must make my wish — and hope that others will do the same— assume a practical form. 

"Very respectfully yours, 

"1 Park Street, May 9, 1S64." "A. WiOGLESWOETB. 



400 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Mr. Eininanuel, an attache of the 
Consul-General's office at Con- 
stantinople 

Mrs. Albert W. Paine, Bangor, 
Me 

Messrs. Faxon, Elms & Co 

Mrs. Peter C. Brooks 

Edwin Ilowland 

Collection taken in the church 
of Rev. Samuel Brooks, at 
South Framinghani 

J. Kuhn 

Henry Lyon, M. D., Charlestown 

Col. Samuel Swett 

Amos P. Tapley, Lynn 

Miss Eliza Whitwell, Dorchester 

Rev. Alex. Proudfit, Chaplain 
U. S. A 

Samuel Rodman, New Bedford. 

The Amesbnry Mills Congrega- 
tional Society 

George "Wilson, New Bedford . . 

O. W. Holmes, M. D 

Net proceeds of a musical enter- 
tainment at Chickering's Hall, 
the use of wliich was given by 
the Messrs. C.'s gratuitously. 

"W. n. n. Newman 

Three boys at Walpole, "the 
profits of a small store and 
picking dandelions " in the 
holidays 

Proceeds of a children's fair, 
held at the house of William 
Gray, by Ellen Gray, Anna 
Jackson, and Georgiana Eaton 

Congregational Society at Truro 

Methodist Society at Maiden 
Centre 

Proceeds of a children's fair, at 
the house of Dr. Hayward, 
Temple Place 

Mrs. J. Mason Warren 

Hon. S. L. Crocker, Taunton. . . 
Total 



$20 no 



10 


on 


so 


00 


200 


00 


100 


00 


."59 


50 


2.5 


00 


50 


00 


30 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


l.j 


00 


100 


00 


■37 


4B 


10 


00 


100 


00 



1,102 00 
50 00 



5 00 



500 00 
18 00 

TO 50 



190 00 
100 00 
100 00 



Proceeds of a little child's fair 
in Westchester Park 

Collection at a meeting of the 
Universalist Society at South 
Dan vers 

Proceeds of a children's fair 
at Dr. Talbot's 

Miss Martha B. Waite 

Charles Sherry, Jr., Bristol, R.L 

Ladies' Relief Association, Fifth 
Ward, Providence 

Joseph A. Barker, do 

S. G. Mason, do 

Rev. Dr. Wayland, do 

Charles E. Carpenter, do 

Amos D. Smith, do 

From the Congregational Church 
and Society in Hollis, N. H. . 

Proceeds of a concert given in 
the Music Hall, under the 
auspices of Mrs. Eastburn . . . 

Proceeds of a collection at the 
Trinitarian Church at New 
Bedford 

From Misses Mary W. Gannett, 
Sarah M. Bond, and Grace T. 
Etheridge, the proceeds of a 
children's fair 

Proceeds of an emblematic and 
dramatic entertainment in 
Chickering's Hall 

Proceeds of a children's fair, 
held at the house of John 
Lowell 

First Congregational Church and 
Society in Yorke, Me 

Attleboro'(|128.50) and Wrenth 
am (141.00) 

D. B. Check, Danville, Ky 

Capt. S. D. Trenchard, U. S. N. 

Proceeds of a fair at 109 Pinck 
ney Street 

All other sums 



$7 00 



33 00 



,004 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


100 


00 


25 


OO 


20 


00 


25 


00 


25 


00 


100 


00 



56 50 



302 25 



]50 00 



41 25 



lie, 0(1 



380 
1 


00 


21 


45 


109 


50 


5 


00 


20 


00 


92 


Iti 


10,544 


60 


1102,180 


OS 



The next chapter will describe the aims and efforts of a commission 
organized to follow up the work thus nobly begun. 



CHAPTER XIII. 







ITHERTO, this matter of feeding and aiding the loyal 

[ men of the disloyal states had been conducted, as it were, 

from hand to mouth; an organized commission now 

assumed the duty. This commission, with the above 

title, was formed in New York, in October, 1864, and 

'^J'' was constituted as follows : 



Tretuntrer, 
A. V. Stout. 



Pnsidenf, 
Rkv. .Tos. p. Tiio.MPSoN. 

CorrcsponJiiif/ Secretary, 
Prof. H. K Martin, D.D. 



Recording Secretary, 

H. M. PlEKCE. 



Ret. S. p. Peli., I). D., 
Wm. .\. Pootii, 



E. L. Fanciieu, 
Wm. G. Pami)Ei:t, 



408 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



Rev. ■VT. I. Bihdixcton, D. D., 
Charles Butlek, 

S. B. CniTTENDEX, 

CnARi.ES C. Colgate, 

Rev. J. T. Duryea, 

Eev. n. G. Weston, D. D., 



Geo. TV. Lane, 

A. A. Low, 

Rev. J. McClintock, D. D., 

R. IT. MCCUEDT, 
Rev. S. II. Tyng, .Jr., 
Horace Webster, LL. D. 



The Rev. Ljman Abbott subsequently became Corresponding Secretary in 
place of Prof. Martin, and Messrs. David Dows, Henry T. Morgan, Christopher 
Robert, and Samuel B. Schieffelin, were made members of the commission. 

The first appeal to the public was issued on the 9th of November, the 
commission having, at that time, received about one thousand dollars, nearly 
half of which was contributed by the Tabernacle Church in New York, of 
which the president of the commission is pastor. From this appeal, which 
fully set forth the aims of the association, we make the following extract : 

" Large tracts of our countrj' have been desolated by the march of vast 
armies to and fro ; the population, first exhausted by military exactions, have 
been plundered and stripjDed by guerrilleros ; at length, abandoning their famine- 
smitten homes, they crowd within our lines. They arrive in the utmost pos- 
sible destitution ; huddle together in wretched places of refuge, and sink 

under want, exposure, and disease The forced depopulation of Atlanta, 

and the recent devastatioii of the Shenandoah valley, have made a frightful 
increase of this misery, and thrown fresh thousands of houseless and naked 
creatures upon Pennsylvania and Kentucky for relief An ordinary fomine 
scarcely involves such suffering. The famine-stricken have homes. It is 
impossible to depict this misery of the homeless. 

" Twelve hundred such sulferers are this day in Memphis, with scarcely 
any other shelter than four worn-out tents. They are destitute of every con- 
venience of life, nay, of every necessity. Some of them have not seen a comb 
for months, and are devoured by vermin. Women have not the clothing 
which decency demands, and their children stand naked around them. 

'■ Their wretched abodes, crowdetl with the sick who are unable to help 
themselves, are filthy and pestilential to the last degree ; sixty are huddled in 
one small room at Natchez, most of them severel}^ ill. The dying lie uncared 
for, the dead unburied among them for days. At some posts, as at Knoxville, 
there is a lack of medicine ; at others, as at Memphis, they have no medical 
attendance; everywhere they are destitute of all suitable food for the sick. 
Everywhere they need stoves to warm their miserable shelters, and enable the 
women to earn something by sewing. 

"What can be done? Only the briefest time remains in which to provide 



THE AMERICAN UNION COMMISSION. 409 

succor before the winter. We appeal to all who have hearts to feel for liuman 
misery — than which none greater exists on the face of the earth. We jilead 
for a contribution of clothing from every family. We beg you to tie up what- 
ever you can spare, and Land it to the agent of our commission, who will call 
for it within a few days. We appeal to the ladies to furnisli us blankets, 
shawls, dresses, under-clothing, stockings, and shoes, for women and children. 
No want, no siiffering, exists in our land this day which pleads with et^ual 
urgency for prompt and generous relief 

" The Union Commission has the approval of the President and the sanction 
of the War Department, and can command government facilities for transpor- 
tation. Whatever is contributed will be at once transmitted. Our generosity 
will save the lives of our friends, abate the rancor of our enemies, and bless 
and relieve those who are literally ready to perish." 

Though the country had been giving freely to works of charity and jus- 
tice for nearly four years, and though this call was made just after a most 
exciting general election, the state of things above depicted seemed to touch 
a fresh spot in thie public heart. The contributors to the Union Commis- 
sion have been principally poor people ; the fund with which it has labored 
is an aggregate of church collections, widows' mites, hard-earned savings, with 
here and there a few dollars from a soldier or from the patients in a hospital. 
Few millionaires have endowed the Union Commission ; the money and the 
clothing it has collected seem to have come, in a large degree, from the smaller 
towns and villages, and in inconsiderable quantities from the cities. 

Several distinct fields of labor at once presented themselves. There was 
West Virginia, which had furnished her full quota of soldiers, with sixteen 
thousand square miles of her territory literally stripped bare, having been 
overrun by the two contending armies not less than twelve times ; ten thou- 
sand of her population were in necessitous circumstances, many of them 
houseless and penniless. There was East Tennessee, whose distresses have 
been already detailed ; and there was that wretched class of sufferers called 
refugees, stranded within the United States lines by the tide of war, afraid to 
go home — indeed, witli no home to go to — driven backward and forward by 
the advancing armies, hardly better treated by their friends than by their foes. 
The Sanitary and Christian Commissions aided them as much as they felt 
able ; the government gave them half rations, and, to a limited extent, trans- 
portation. They huddled together in Nashville; Nashville was threatened by 
the enemy, and military necessity thrust them forth, urging them, Fome north, 
some south. It was amoncr this class of wanderers that the Union Commission 



410 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

expected mainly to work, and while ministering to present necessities, re- 
lieving the sick, feeding the hungry, and clothing the naked, its purpose 
was to do nothing which would tend to create a state of dependence, or to 
hold the people long as paupers. Other purposes entertained by the commission 
— and subsequently carried out — were to deport the refugees to points where 
labor was in demand; to establish industrial houses where women and children 
could be taught to sew, thus preparing them to go back, in good time, to the 
land, if not to the homes, they loved, better informed, more intelligent, and 
more useful than they left it. 

" I will take this poor, starving boy," said Mr. Thompson, in a discourse 
upon this topic, " no matter who his father was or where he is, I will take him 
by the hand ; I will nurture him ; I will clothe him ; I will feed him ; I will 
teach him to read ; I will teach him the knowledge of God and of Jesus 
Christ his Saviour; I will teach him that he has a country; I will teach him 
what he never knew before, the geography of his country, the extent of it; I 
will teach him what he never knew before, the history of his country, the great 
name of Washington, and all that is illustrious in our past; and I will make 
that boy a patriot! I will teach him that the men against whom, perhaps, his 
father, in his ignorance and prejudice and blindness, goaded on by men of 
infamous deeds, has lifted his hand, are the men who have nurtured and saved 
and educated and bles.'^ed him. And I will sow that land of rebellion thick 
with these regenerated children. If we are not great enough for that, we are 
not great enough to be free." 

An ulterior and more comprehensive object of the organization was to 
assist in all ways and in all times, the work of reunion, of resuscitation ; and 
to do this by facilitating the right kind of emigration, by disseminating cor- 
rect information, and by providing, on a broad scale, for the education of a 
people from whom its advantages have been too long withheld. 

On the 1st of May, 1865, the commission, havjing been in existence six 
months, had received and appropriated to the uses which have been stated, 
about $40,000 in money, and clothing, blankets, and shoes, to the value of 
about $3*1,000. The capture of Charleston by the Union forces had necessi- 
tated the sending of aid to the destitute inhabitants there, thus enlarging a 
field already large enough for the laborers. Eefugees soon began to arrive in 
large numbers in New York, and the commission could neither let them 
starve nor pass the night in the streets. The commission was preparing, at 
the date above mentioned, to assume the care of deserters from the rebel 
army, to open schools in Savannah, Charleston, and Memphis, and to provide 



THE AMERICAN UNION COMMISSION. 411 

the loyalists of West Virginia and East Tennessee with seeds and implements 
of agriculture. A braneh society, the New England Refugees' Aid Society,* 
had collected $25,000 in the same time. 

Like the associations for the relief of freedmen, the Union Commission 
and its branches doubtless have years of useful labor before them ; their great 
opportunity is yet to come. While their Sanitary and Christian colleagues 
ai'e laying off their harness, they are but just buckling their armor on. This 
is but right and proper ; to each time its own duties, and to each cause its ser- 
vants. The sword has been beaten into a plough-share, and the spear into a 
pruning-hook. Devastation is over, restoration is to begin. And as far as 
such a work can be aided by the organization and operations of a semi-chari- 
table, semi-educational society, one whose bounty is accompanied by a lesson 
in the art of using it to advantage, so far — we have the past as a guarantee — 
will it be fostered and hastened by the labors of the American Union Com- 
mission. 



* Executive Committee, Hon. Martin Brimmer, Hon. Dwij^'Ut Fostur, Huv. Josc'iib W. Pariier, D. D., 
Tliomas C. Wales, Hamilton A. Hill, Henry P. Kiddur. 




412 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



CnATTER XIV. 



THE CHAMBEESBUKG XSD SAVANNAH RELIEF FUNDS. 








•^S^ 




vi^^*/e;/c-^ 



Tut: LLlMj Of CUAMUEltSBUUa. 



The town of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, was burned by a body of three 
thousand rebels under General McCausland — forming part of the forces under 
General Early — in July, 1864, the inhal)itants being unable to raise the sum, 
in gold, which had been fixed as the price of its ransom. Eighteen hundred 
persons, half the population, were rendered homeless, four hundred of whom 
still possessed some means, the other fourteen hundred being utterly destitute. 
For some time they lived on the charity of their neighbors, and the chance 
contributions of friends in other towns. 

An eye-witness has given the following description of the scene: 

" The order for the burning of the town was given by General McCausland 



CHAMBERSBURG AND SAVANNAH. 413 

at niue o'clock, and fifteen minutes afterwards flames were leaping from the 
windows of the houses in the Diamond. The rebels, breaking into the drug- 
stores, procured turpentine, and making fire-balls, threw them into the houses 
indiscriminately. The men were sent around in squads, plundering and 
burning every house they saw fit to enter. Very often these men obtained 
considerable sums of money from the wealthier citizens to protect their prop- 
erty. Their promises were ample surety until the money was in their hands, 
but after it was received they entirely disregarded them. 

"One of these squads, entering a house, gave the inmates five minutes to 
remove their eflects before deluging the floor with turpentine and igniting it. 
The scene at ten o'clock was indescribable. Nearly the whole town was one 
roaring mass of fire. So intense was the heat, it was impossible even to walk 
through the Diamond — a large open space in the centre of the town. The 
flames from either side of the streets met each other, forming an arch of fire, 
above which the black smoke rolled in thick and heavy volumes, obscuring 
the heavens. Houseless and homeless women and children fleeing, and the 
oaths of the maddened rebels, completed this picture of horrors, a scene that 
will never be forgotten by the citizens of Chambersburg. Nothing, compara- 
tively, was saved — an old jDainting, the family Bible, a change of clothing, 
that was all. No time was allowed for the removal of the furniture, or even 
trunks of clothing. Seventy pianos in the different houses in one street were 
burned. The terror of the scene appalled even the rebels." 

A meeting was held in the rooms of the Board of Trade of Philadelphia 
on the 8d of August, to adopt some measures of relief to the despoiled inhabi- 
tants. This resulted in a subscription, Mr. Edmund A. Souder being made 
treasurer of the fund, which amounted, some weeks afterwards, to a trifle over 
$35,000. A considerable quantity of second-hand clothing, collected by a 
ladies' committee, was also forwarded from time to time. Just before the 
burning, Chambersburg had held a fair for the Christian Commission, the net 
receipts of which, over $3,000, were paid to the central office at Philadelphia. 
The people of Baltimore, thinking that the unhappy city could ill afford such 
generosity, as things had turned out, thought it would be a good idea to return 
the people that sum, and did so, a subscription taken up in that view amount- 
ing to $3,261.40. 

We have mentioned several instances of a peculiar species of revenge 
brought about by the whirligig of time. Here is another, and the best of all. 

On the 10th of August, 1774, at a general meeting of the inhabitants of 
Georgia at Savannah, a committee was appointed "to receive subscriptions for 



414 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

the suffering poor of Boston," the latter city being reduced, hy the action of 
the Port Bill, almost to the condition of a besieged town. As the subscrip- 
tions were principally in rice, few giving less than ten tierces, and as the harbor 
of Boston was closed, the contributions were sent to New York and sold, the 
proceeds, a trifle over £216, being remitted to the Boston committee. In 
January, 1865, the citizens of Boston held a meeting and appointed a commit- 
tee to receive subscriptions for the relief of the suft'ering poor of Savannah; 
and not only the citizens of Boston, but those of New York and Philadelphia. 
There was some doubt whether distress such as had been represented really 
existed ; some apprehension lest the bounty asked for, if granted, might reach 
unworthy persons; some unwillingness to enter so promptly into relations with 
people who were only civil, perhaps, because they dared not be otherwise. But 
these feelings were lost sight of in the general desire that bygones should be 
bygones, and the three cities made generous contributions to the fund — not 
far from $100,000 in all. The last public act of Edward Everett "s life was to 
cast his influence in favor of answering the appeal in a cordial and forgiving 
spirit. 



CHAPTER XV. 

KKFRESHMENT SALOONS, SUBSISTENCE COMMITTEES, SOLDIERS* HOMES, ETC. 
THE FIRE AMBUL.-VNCE COMPANY OF PHILADELPHIA. 




;.~-.,"\^ 



Tllli I MOM 






I-IIILAl>El,PniA. 



The 27tli day of May, 1861, witnessed the inauguration of a novel institu- 
tion in Philadelphia, and every 27th day since has been a pleasantly kept 
anniversary. The Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon, and the Cooper- 
Shop Refreshment Saloon, were opened on that day ; this much is certain. An 
attempt has been made to arrive at greater precision — to settle not only the 
date, but the hour, of the birth of each, as in the ease of royal twins, to decide 
which is the heir and which the subject. It is not our province to judge, 
though we may have heard the evidence ; and it is probable that the reader 
vnll be more interested in the story of the mouths they have fed tlian in that 
of their claims to precedence. Placing them both upon a lin(?, and engaging 
to invoke the favor of the public equally upon each, we proceed to state how 
it was that these democratic republican twins were conceived and born. 

In the third week of April, 1861, the regiments of three months' men, 
summoned by the President to the defence of Washington, began passing 
through Philadelphia. The government had as yet made no preparations 



416 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

for giving the men their meals ui)on the route. The}' arrived hungry and 
fatigued, and, during the fii'st six weeks, were dependent upon the benevo- 
lence of the citizens living in tlie neighborhood. From them tliej received 
water, tea and coffee, and even bread and meat. But the inhabitants of the 
quarter were of the laboring class, and could ill afford to continue their 
self-imposed labor of love, especially as the number of men to be relieved 
increased from day to day. At length, Mr. Barzilla S. Brown gave notice 
that he would receive and distribute to the troops arriving such supplies as 
his friends would furnish ; and he began operations upon the curbstone, with 
eleven pounds of coiFee and a saucejian. This was the humble origin of two 
institutions of brotherly love, which have made the name of Philadelphia a 
blessed one on the lips of the American soldier. The two saloons, in imme- 
diate proximity to each other — the one a Boat-House, the other a Cooper-Shop 
— were fitted ujj by different groups of philanthropic citizens, and put in a con- 
dition to receive and refresh the passing troops. The Eighth New York was 
the first regiment to receive the hospitality of the Boat-House, wliile the 
Cooper-Shop extended its earliest greeting to the Seventh of the same state. 
The officers of these two establishments were as follows : 

UNION VOLUNTEER REFRESHMENT SALOON. 

ChairmdH. Eecordiiia Secretiiry, 

Akad Baekows. J. B. Wade. 

Corresponding Secretary, Treasurer, 

Robert R. Coeson. B. S. Brown. 

Stetrnrd. Phydcian, 

3. T. Wu.i.iAMS. E. Ward. 

COOPER-SUOP REFRESHMENT SALOON. 

President, 
M'm. M. Cooper. 

Vice-Presidents, 
William Si'roi.e, Arthur S. Simpson. 

Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, 

Wm. M. Maull. Edward .J. Heratt. 

Treasurer, Storcleeper, 

Adam M. Simpson. Christopher H. Jacoby. 

Establishments of this kind are best described by those who have seen 

them in operation. We therefore condense tlie description of an eye-witness : 

■ The wash-room," we read in an account of the Volunteer Saloon, "is an 



THE UNION VOLUNTEER REFRESHMENT SALOON. 417 

important department. Here clean towels and cool water arc furnished in 
abundance, so that one company can bathe and speedily make room for an- 
other. Few are aware with what hearty relish the dusty soldier avails him- 
self of this privilege of a bath. The eating-room, which formerly accommo- 
dated four hundred and fifty persons, will now hold twelve hundred. The 
officers are seated, the men taking their food standing — an agreeable relief after 
their long ride in the cars. The food furnished is better than the average 
obtained at a city hotel, the bill of fare embracing beef cooked in every style, 
ham, pickles, excellent bread, sweet and common potatoes, tea and coffee, and 
often cake and pies. A regiment consunres seven barrels of coffee, and as 
many gallons of tea. A good, wholesome meal, thus provided in bulk, does 
not cost over nine or ten cents. In eiirht minutes after the room is cleared of 
one division, the tables are freshly spread and ready for another. 

" Attached to the saloon is a hospital cottage, for the reception of men 
taken sick on their way, or for wounded men going home, who are forced to 
stop upon their route. Here is a large table covered with writing-materials, 
where the soldier may write his letters. An attendant takes them, stamps 
them without charge, and dispatches them by the bushel basketful. Large 
bundles of the daily papers are ready for distribution. So it appears that the 
American trooper's programme on arriving in Philadelphia is as follows : he 
first performs his ablutions, then he eats his breakfast ; after that he writes to 
his wife, and then he reads the news. The Baltimore train is now ready, and 
he bids farewell to Philadelphia, in the hope that his journey homeward, if 
he lives to make it, may lie that way." 

A little pamphlet of twelve pages, four inches by two and a half, is puh- 
lished by Mr. Corson, an officer of this association. It is entitled " The Sol- 
dier's Guide in Philadelphia," and is distributed far and wide gratuitously. 
It contains engravings of the saloon and of the hospital attached to it ; a 
list of their officers; directions how to dispense with carriages; time-tables 
of railroads and steamboats ; a cordial invitation to breakfast, dinner, and 
supper, without charge ; a guide to all places of interest, and an ingenious 
diagram, explaining the plan of the numbering of tlie streets. This useful 
little volume opens with the following apt quotations : 

PoMi'ET. — Let mc shake tliyhanrl : 
I liave seen thee fight. 

— Antony and Cleopatra, II. C,. 

Messexoeh. — He hath done tjood service in tliese wars. 

— Mrrn Ado abottt N'oTnixo, I. I. 
27 



418 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



What has been said of the mechanism of one of these saloons will 
answer in every respect for the other. The Cooper-Shop increased the accom- 
modations with which it started, till it was able to give a wliole regiment a 
meal together, and with little or no delay. 




TUE COOFEa GIIOP R£FBE6UM£»T SALOON. 



A hospital was soon after established, with twelve beds, the number 
being afterwards increased to twenty-eight. A few deaths occurred, and the 
managers of the Mount Moriah Cemetery presented the committee with a 
plot of ground, a beautiful piece of ujjland, where the soldier might find 
a resting-place. It was enclosed and ornamented the next year. 

The committee, in their first annual report, made the following remarks, 
the justice of which no one can doubt : " The effect upon the soldier of 
the reception and treatment that, by the great liberality of our fellow-cit- 
izens, we have been enabled to offer him, will j^rove to be of the most lasting 
character, and beneficial to the citizens of Philadelphia. The most favorable 
impressions have been made indelibly upon his mind, of the kindness of our 
people. The reception he has met with furnishes a theme upon which he 
will delight to write and speak. Our city, the first to commence this work, 
has shown itself to be well deserving the name of brotherly love ; and we are 
sure there are more well-wishers outside of its borders to-day, than any other 
city in our Union can boast of." 



THE llEFRESUiMEXT SALOONS. 410 

The two saloons have been supported wholly by the people of Philadelphia, 
who have kept them supjilied with money, as far as money was needed, and 
have spread their tables not only with beef and potatoes, but with fruit and 
flo^Aers in their season. Many persons have been regular subscribers, or 
rather, as there was no I'egistering of names, expected to be called on at stated 
intervals for the sum which it had become their habit to give. Numerous 
summer fairs have been held for each ; from the country fifty miles around 
the city came gifts of strawberries, cake, butter, bread, fruit, while the city 
people sent ice-cream. Sums as large as $5,000 have been realized from these 
festivals, one of which remained open nine days, and received thirty-six thou- 
.sand visitors. 




A REGIMENT AT PINNrR. 



The saloons have done good in more ways than one ; a single example of 
this must suffice, as follows : " We were speaking,"' wrote a gentleman in a 
letter to Mr. S. B. Fales, one of the officers of the Union Saloon, " of the de- 
moralizing influences of camp life, and a friend remarked that while at East 
New York, his regiment, composed in large part of flirmers' sons, and lads 
who had had a considerable amount of moral training at home, had become 
sadly demoralized. The camp was surrounded by grog-shops, and the rations 
were of the poorest — filthy, insufficient, and not half cooked, and all the asso- 
ciations of the camp were evil ; the men had become dispirited and disgusted, 
and felt that no one cared for them except as food for powder ; and though he 
and some of the other officers endeavored to encourage and cheer them, they 
were sullen, and seemed about ready for mutiny and desertion. 'But,' said he, 
' orders came for the regiment to march, and the men went on board the 
steamer much as if they were going to the gallows. We reached Philadelphia, 
and marched to the I'nion Yolunteer Refreshment Saloon, and the warm wel- 
come, the hearty shake of the hand, and the ample and delicious fiire served 



420 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

up for us, put a new spirit into tlie men. They had landed in a mood fit 
for mutiny or desertion ; tliey left Pliiladelphia, feeling that they were the 
cherished soldiers of the nation, loved for the cause in which they were to 
fight.'" 

The statistics of the work done, and of the means with which it was done, 
by the Cooper-Sliop, are as follows : 

Sulilii'i's full iluriiig tlic firtit year 87,513 

Contriljutions " " $13,l(i.3 85 

Soldiers fed during the second year 87,433 

Contributions " '" 15,107 49 

Soldiers fed dnring the third year 97.300 

Contribntions " " 15,305 48 

Soldiers fed during tlie fourth year 44.745 

Contributions " " 14.085 01 

Total 310,991 $57,781 83 

Showing an average cost per man of eighteen cents, notwithstanding tbe 
high price of provisions during the jiast two years. As very many of the men 
took more than one meal, the average cost of a meal cannot be placed higher 
than thirteen or fourteen cents. It is estimated that during the four years ten 
thousand meals were furnished to soldiers singly or in squads of two or three, 
many of them maimed or invalids on a visit from the military hospitals. 
There was no record kept of these odd meals. 

The soldiers returning by brigades together from the war, in the summer 
of 1865, the fifth year, tasked the energies of the saloon committees to the 
utmost, and the fifth annual report will doubtless show that their closing 
labors were their heaviest. 

The following are the records of the Union A^oluntcer Saloon for the same 
period : 

Soldiers fed during the first year 161,270 

Contributions " " §lti,700 00 

Soldiers fed during the second year 124,01'3 

Contributions " " 18,038 86 

Soldiers fed during tlio tliird year 131,7'i6 

Contributions " " 18,811 93 

Soldiers fed during the fourtli year to July 1st, 1865. . . 195,083 
Contributions " " •' '• . . 33.009 98 

Total 612, 131 $86,560 77 

la June, 1S6.5, this saloon gave meals, on certain daj's, to three thousand 
five hundred returning men ; some of them, doubtless, those who in the earlier 
davs went througli Philadelphia and hoped to come back that way. 



THE VOLUNTEER HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION. 421 

It was soon evident that these establishments, apparently complete as they 
were, needed a supplementary department, the object of which should be the 
temporary care of the wounded, who, as they left tlie cars, and before they 
could be transferred to the hospitals, were necessarily thrown ujion the street, 
and for a time left there. A number of mechanics met together, discussed the 
matter, and resolved to take it in hand, it being apparent, to quote the pre- 
amble to the constitution which was afterwards drawn up, " that the govern- 
ment is partially unable to provide immediate relief to its brave defenders who 
are sick and wounded when they reach this city." A vacant lot, close by the 
spot where the soldiers were transferred from the cars, and belonging to the 
Hon. Josiah Randall, was placed at their disposal for hospital purposes by the 
owner. With sixty dollars these men commenced their generous work. They 
purchased the few feet of lumber their means would allow, and for a time 
woi'ked with their own hands at digging holes and planting posts. Five hun- 
dred dollars and thirty-five thousand feet of lumber were now speedily con- 
tributed, Mr. L. B. M. Dolby obtaining nearly the whole of the lumber, by 
donations, in one day. On tlie fifteenth night after the first post was planted, 
three hundred men from the Army of the Potomac were provided with refresh- 
ments, medical attentions, and beds. This establishment, The Citizens' Union 
Volunteer Hospital Association, was organized on the 5th of September, 18^2, 
v^'ith the following officers : 

President^ 
T. T. Ta.sk EI!, Sr. 
Treasurer, Secretary, 

Charles P. Perot. Thomas L. Giffoud. 

Board of Managcr/t. 

John Wu.i.iams, George W. Lott, 

Edward H. Pyle, W. L. Clavtok, 

Frank Bayle, .Toiix Kii.patruk, 

John H. Clayton, AVilmam R. Pidgeon, 

David Fov, Joseph L. Goff, 

James Evans, Samuel Bayle, 

Hexhy J. Fox, David J. Stevenson, 

Louis H. GRiinB. Alexander Greaves, 

Samuel W. Middleton, Andrew Kilpatrick, 

John Goorley, James D. Doiierty, 

ITenry Rutter, Edmund Hopper, 

William J. Verdette, John Parsons, 

Andrew McFetters. 

Additional buildings were soon required, and Mr. Randall gave the use of 
another lot of land. The hospital, when thus enlarged, covered over twentv- 



422 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



five thousand feet of ground. It contained, besides the reception-room proper, 
two dining-rooms, a bath-room, wasli-room, laundry, guard-house, and sur- 
geon's office. During the first year thirty thousand men were i-eceived, some- 
times twenty-five hundred in a day, and seven hundred have slept within the 
walls on one night. A committee of members of the association was always 
in attendance, not only to provide refreshments and accommodation, but to 
take charge of all men either furloughed or mustered out. 





■ ' '^- I- </J '-1 -'-■■^'''■ui'.-wi.r-JiM,-.-, *^ 




CITIZFNS CM»lS ^ I'll NTKKI: IH'M'ITAU 



The association received during the first year, besides nearly $20,000 in 
cash, over three thousand shirts, two thousand five hundred pairs of drawers, 
one thousand pairs of stockings, large quantities of handkerchiefs, sheets, 
pillow-cases, towels, wrappei-s, lint, and linen ; jellies, preserves, wine, tea, 
sugar, coffee, and numerous other articles nec&ssary for the sick, comforting 
to the convalescent, and not to be refused by the well. Of the cash receipts, 
over $7,000 were the earnings of ninety-three fairs, lectures, balls, benefits, 
and exhibitions. 

The second year's receipts were over $10,000 in money, and a correspond- 
ing amount of supplies; the association cared for thirty-five thousand sick and 
wounded men, and furnished one hundred and twenty-five thousand meals. 
It continued its labors until government action rendered them unnecessary. 

A pleasant story, illustrating the almost over-care sometimes bestowed 
upon the sick, is told in connection with this establishment: 

" An old lady from the country had come to the city with the intention of 
visiting the hospitals — a bustling, motherly, kind-hearted soul, who had faith- 
fully discharged all the duties of domestic life, rounding them off with the 
genial tenderness of a warm and affectionate nature. The hospitals were 
unexplored wonders, tempting her scrutiny; and it may not be unlikely, too. 



UNION RELIEF ASSOCIATION OF BALTIMORE. 423 

that the romantic sympathy which younger women cherish for courage, espe- 
cially when, in defiance of danger, it has brought suffering upon its gallant 
possessor, quickened the blood even in her aged veins. At any rate, the old 
lady adjusteil her spectacles and smoothed her a})ron, preparatory to a minute 
examination of our homes for suffering heroes. She began witli the Volun- 
teer Ilospital, under the charge of Mr. Barzilla S. Brown. She thought that a 
moderate establishment of this kind would be an easy initiation. Innocent 
rusticity! The third bed utterly demolished the dear old lady's self-control. 
She had stood the previous ones pretty well. It is true, that second man — he 
with the dark-rimmed, sunken eyes, and pinched features — made his visitor's 
lips twitch strangely when, in mute acknowledgment of her kindness, he laid 
his wasted hand softly against hers. 

" But this third fellow, with only a stump of a leg, and a still less stump of 
a life — somehow the spectacles grew dim while she gazed at him. At least 
three hundred and fifty questions were flung at the patient as to the poignancy 
of his sufferings, and three hundred and fifty more to elicit all his wants. 
But the assiduity of physician and nurse had not left the poor fellow the 
privilege of a single want — except a fevered whim that happened then to pre- 
sent itself, for chicken broth. 

" Will it be believed that the next day brought Mr. Brown sixteen live 
chickens? Sixteen live chickens for one man's broth ! 

'■ But not for one man. This same broth is very often craved by parched 
lips and fastidious stomachs. Mr. Brown received the gift with joy; con- 
structed a goodly coop ; and now solicits further contributions of these birds. 
We do not all live in the country; but we all have the means that control the 
products of the country. Then let us follow the example of our pleasant old 
lady from the country, and give to these bi'ave sufferers what may at once 
gratify their tastes and hasten their convalescence. Give Mr. Brown more live 
chickens." 

The necessity which led the Philadelphians, in May, to establish their two 
refreshment saloons, made itself felt at a later period in Baltimore, as, owing 
to the attack upon the Massachusetts Sixth and other regiments upon the 
19th of April, the troops, for a time, avoided Baltimore on their way to the 
South. When, however, the stream of men again began to pour through the 
city, a number of gentlemen, moved by sympathy with the tired and thirsty 
soldiers, began, though without concert, to make personal efforts to aid them, 
if it was only to give them a cup of cold water. But even iu this, their 
attempts were obstructed by the police, whose sympathies were strongly with 



424 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



the rebellion. They were driven from the station and threatened witli arrest, 
and were even distrusted by the soldiers, who expected only poisoned water 
and bread at their hands. But the devoted pioneers defied the police, and 
reassured the soldiers by first drinking and eating of the bread anel water 
themselves. The persons who had undertaken this labor now came together, 
and, after conference and discussion, determined to work in concert, and a call 
was issued for a meeting of Union men, to be held on the 28th of June, for 
the purjDose of forming a permanent organization of relief. The meeting was 
held, and the " Union Relief Association of Baltimore " was formed, witli the 
following board of officers : 

President, 

AUCIUBALD StIKLING. 

Vice-Presidents, 
■William Robinson, William S. Uatner. 

Secretary, 
John T. Graham, afterwards Sebastian F. Steeeteh. 

Treasurer, 
Marcus Dennison. 



Executire Committer. 



Wards. 

1st — Dr. James Armitage. 

•2d — JoSEI'U H. ACDOUN. 

3d — Edmund J. Webb. 
4tii — Jonathan J. Chapman. 
Sth — John W. Woods. 
fiTn — Joseph M. Cushing. 
7th — George C. Addison. 
8tii — William A. Wisong. 
Gth — Samuel E. Turner. 
IOth — John A. Needles. 



Wariis. 

llTH — Joseph T. Pancoast. 
12th — Heron C. Murrat. 
13tii — Otis Spear. 
14th — Aaron Fenton. 
ISth — Richard King. 
16th — William Collison. 
ITth — George F. Neediiam. 
ISth — John Showacre. 
19Tn — Francis W. Heath. 
20th — Washington K. Carson. 



Aid was at once tendered to every passing regiment; relief was extended 
to the families of Maryland soldiers, and the sick and exhausted were tempo- 
rarily entertained. One Imndred and fifty thousand men were fed during the 
first year, and two hundred thousand were sujjplied with water. Eleven thou- 
sand men were relieved by this organization alone after the battle of Gettys- 
burg. During the second year the number receiving aid rose to three hundred 
and twenty thousand. Just before the close of the tlnrd year, the rooms 
were, at the instance of the government, turned over to the military autliori- 
ties, to be used thenceforward as a Soldiers' Eest. Upwards of one million of 
men — officers, soldiers, teamsters, refugees, in addition to large numbers of 
disabled, discharged, and fuiioughed men, had been welcomed and relieved. 



THE PITTSBURGH SUBSISTENCE COMMITTEE. 



425 



Some $80,000 of the expenses had been paid by money obtained from private 
sources ; the city, state, and United States, having also contributed to the sup- 
port of the association. It did not even now altogether disband, but continued 
to furnish its agent, Mr. Richard King, with large sums monthly, distributed 
in useful forms among Mar3-land troops in actual service, and in the army 
hospitals. One of tlie founders of the association, and perhaps its most 
laborious member, Mr. Sebastian S. Streeter, at first Secretary, and afterwards 
Vice-President, fell a victim to his zeal — his death being due to disease con- 
tracted while visiting the Army of the Potomac. 

The Pittsburgh Subsistence Committee, performing duties precisely like 
those of the Philadelphia and Baltimore Refreshment Saloon Societies, was 
formed on the 3d of August, 1801, with the following officers: 



W. P. ^EYMAN, 



Augustus H. Lane, 

BeNJ. F. VaNDEV()1!T, 

Robert C. Ai.rbee. 
Oliver Lemon, 
Harry Eobinscn, 
Wm. B. Edwards, 
John MoQ. Woods, 
Ernest Schwartz, 
Frank Semple, 
W. W. Youxo, 
Chas. L. Caldwell, 
Geo. W. McClcre, 
Thomas Carnegie, 
B. F. Weyman, 
George Little, 
Edwin II. Nevin, 
Geo. B. Edwards, 
Jno. I. Travelli, 
A. U. Howard, 
Dr. a. Fleming, 
Mrs. Joseph Albrek, 
Mrs. R. 0. Albree, 
Mrs. J. A. Lowrie, 



Exi'cutire Committee, 
.TosKPU .Xlbrf.k, 



II. M. Atwood. 



Actice Xleinhcrs. 



Miss Anna Thaw, 

" L B. Haines, 

" Mart E. Moorhead, 

'■ Hettie Mooriiead, 

'■ H. K. Weymax, 

" Sabina Townsend, 

" Maria E. Lane, 

" Lizzie P. Albree, 

" Kate Denniston, 

" LiDiE Thaw, 

" Emma Kennedy, 

" Alice Kennedy, 

" M. Bruchlocker, 

" Lizzie Atwood, 

" Sidney Lemon, 

" Rebecca Howard, 

" Mary Howard, 

" Sarah Breed, 

" Mart Maitland, 

" Mart Robinson. 

" Martha Lothrop, 

" Ellen Murdock, 

" Bessie Kennedy. 



Upon every train approaching Pittsburgh, either from the east or the west, 
a four-page pamphlet was placed in each soldier's hand. On reading it, he 
found himself invited, if hungry, to take breakfast, dinner, or supper, at the 
City Hall. Market Street; if sick and wouinled, to call at No. 347 Lib(M-ty 



426 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Street, that liis case might be attended to ; if tired and sleepy, and he was to 
be detained in the city over night, to call for a clean and comfortable bed at 
tlie same place ; and all without charge. All this he was asked to do " on the 
arrival of this train," a member of the committee promising to meet him at the 
station, and impart all needed information. The pamphlet then gave the time- 
tables of all the railroads, the addresses of all resident United States officers, 
of hospitals, of the Sanitary Commission. 

The first regiment received, the Twenty-fourth Ohio, took breakfast in the 
open street, the rooms not being yet ready. A large warehouse was soon 
opened for the purpose ; but in October, the committee obtained the use of the 
City Hall, where the Alleghanian amenities have been since dispensed, to 
nearly half a million of men, at an expense of about $50,000. 

The need of a home or temporary hospital was afterwards felt, and a small 
room was fitted up for the purpose, and opened on the 18th of January, 1863. 
Forty-live men applied on the very first day, ten of tliem on crutches, and 
twenty-one being without the means of obtaining a meal. In October, a 
sleeping-room was added ; and, early in May, 1864, the establishment having 
expanded till it occupied the entire second and third stories of the building, 
the new Soldiers' Home of the Pittsburgh Subsistence Committee was for- 
mally inaugurated. Speeches were made, a report was read, and Ilolmes' Army 
Hymn sung. Every member of the committee then signed the following 
pledge : " We, the members of the Pittsburgh Subsistence Committee, pledge 
ourselves to buy no article of foreign manufacture during three years or 
the war."' 

Another labor performed by the committee was the receiving and forward- 
ing of hospital stores. Prom January, 1862, to April, 1803, supplies of 
the value of $65,000 were tlms collected, housed, and distributed. This 
branch of duty was then transfeiTcd to the Christian Commission, which, 
at this period, established an army committee in the city. 

The necessity of an establishment of this kind was felt still later at 
Cliicago than in the Atlantic cities, and it was not till the 17th of June, 
1863, that a Soldiers' Home was opened there. This was, and still is, con- 
ducted by ladies, with the exception of the president and ti'easurer, these 
offices being filled by Mr. Thomas B. Bryan and Mr. C. F. W. Junge. In 
one }'ear, ninety-seven thousand meals were furnished, and over sixteen thou- 
sand men entertained over night, the money value of the aid thus given 
being $50,000. Both supplies and money were obtained exclusively from 
individuals, and generally in sums under $50. The ladies of the Home 



SOLDIERS' HOME AT CHICAGO. 427 

attended also to the wants of sick soldiers at private dwellings, sent con- 
valescents home, and gave the last honors to the dead. They invited, too, 
the disabled to continue taking their meals at the Home, while attending 
courses at commercial colleges, and seeking to render themselves indepen- 
dent. 

The building which had thus far answered the requirements of the 
Home, now proved inadequate, and it was determined to establish a "Per- 
manent Soldiers' Home." To purchase suitable grounds, and erect upon them 
the requisite structure, would require larger resources than could be obtained 
from voluntary contributions, coming in gradually and in small amounts. 
This matter was very ingeniously managed — President Lincoln's Emancipa- 
tion Proclamation being made to furnish an initial working fund of $10,000. 
It lias been stated that Mr. Bryan purchased this document of the Chicago 
Fair for $3,000. The Executive Committee of the fair presented this sum 
to the Home — the destination Mr. Bryan himself desired his offering to take. 
Mr. Bryan then gave the Proclamation itself to the Home ; and the sale of 
lithograph copies, and other methods of manipulating it, have resulted as has 
been stated. 

The new Home was opened at Fairview on the 13th of May, 1864. It 
was erected on the lake, near the grave of Douglas, and opposite the monu- 
ment to his memory. " It is not unreasonable to expect," we read in a 
report upon the subject, " that, in the course of time, hundreds of thousands 
wending their way, either from curiosity or to drop a tear at the tomb of 
the lamented statesman, will naturally call at the Home to view some relic of 
the strife, and take a war-worn veteran by the hand." 

Thougli speaking exclusively in this chapter of soldiers' homes and 
soldiers' refreshment-rooms, we do not mention, individually, those which 
have been established throughout the country bj' the Sanitary Commission. 
All work thus done has been sufficiently covered by our sketch of that enter- 
prise. Nor do we make reference to the numerous institutions of the kind 
supported by states and cities, and receiving a regular sum out of the public 
purse. Of tliis character is the excellent institution in Howard Street, New 
York ; of which, however, we may say, briefly, that though created by legis- 
lative enactment, and sustained by an appropriation, it has always received 
large quantities of certain sorts of supplies from individual bounty. Much of 
the black and wbite muslin with which the city had been draped after the 
death of President Lincoln, was distributed among the poor, through this 
establishment. Nor do we call by name — simply because no one volume 



428 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

would hold the catalogue — the innumerable smaller local soldiers' rests which 
have sprung uji throughout the land. What has been said is but little more 
than touching the key-note ; the grand symphony remains unsung. 

Intimately connected with the Volunteer Hospital Association of Phila- 
delphia, were, and still are, the Fire Ambulance Companies and the Ti-ansit 
Aid Association. These originated in the following manner : 

On Sunday, the 8th of Jane, 1862, the hospital steamer Spaulding arrived 
at Philadelphia from the peninsula, with three hundred and thirty-four 
wounded men. Tlie surgeon in charge made arrangements with the carmeu, 
who at once flocked to the wharf, to carry the soldiers to the various hospitals, 
at so much a load. The work was so bunglingly, so cruelly undertaken, that 
several members of the Northern Liberty Fire Company, No. 1, tendered the 
use of their horses and wagon, offering to fit up the latter as an ambulance, 
with beds and pillows. The offer was accepted, and the ambulance was soon 
on the ground. The men of the Vigilant Fire Company at once followed 
suit, and the two wagons remained at work till the boat was cleared. The 
State of Maine arrived on the 28th, with five hundred and eighty-two men. 
These were removed by the Northern Liberty, the Vigilant, and one or two 
other companies. On the evening of the same day, the Whilldin arrived with 
one hundred and sixty men, and the ambulances did not finish their work till 
midnight. On the first of July, the members of the Northern Liberty held a 
meeting, at which the following resolution was adopted : 

"The Northern Liberty Fire Company, No. 1, hereby notifies fire com- 
panies and others, that, on the arrival of steamers with sick and wounded 
soldiers, their alarm-bell will be struck eight (8) strokes in succession, three 
times, as a signal to those who wish to aid in conveying the sick and wounded 
to the different hosjjitals, and furnishing them with refreshments." 

The effect of this was what might have been expected. The Daniel Web- 
ster arrived on the 7th, with three hundred and twelve men. The bell was 
struck eight times, and ambulances and people flocked from all directions, 
many of the women laden with refreshments. It was here and thus that the 
Ladies' Transit Aid Association was formed, its object being " to aid, relieve, 
and refresh disabled soldiers, on their way from the wharf to the hospital ; to 
wash and bandage the wotmded, furnish the destitute with clothing, and in 
any way conduce to the comfort of the men." Of this association Henry 
Simons was president ; John D. Euoff, vice-president; Samuel B. Savin, secre- 
tary ; and John Mickle, Jr., treasurer. The ambulance committee consisted 
of William W. Westcott, John Marr, John Gillam, and William N. Swallow. 



PHILADELPHIA FIRE AMBULANCES. 



429 




FIKE AMBULANCE. 



When the bell struck, the members of the association would assemble at 
the Northern Liberty Engine-House — arranged as a sort of hospital store- 
room ; the ladies would get into the ambulance, and all would proceed to the 
landing. Aid was thus rendered for about two }'ears; the wounded then 
ceased to arrive by boats, and the society, finding itself of no further use, 
reluctantly disbanded, dividing their remaining balance among half a dozen 
relief associations of the city. To return from this digression to the ambu- 
lances. 

During the two months of July and August, the fire companies which 
entered into the arrangement conveyed from Callowhill Street wharf to the 
government hospitals no less than four thousand men, some of them so badly 
wounded that stretchers had to be employed. Companies joined the league 
from time to time, till there were no less than thirty -two ambulances belonging 
to it, each with its own span of strong, safe liorses. Some of these vehicles 
cost $2,000, the average not being far from $800 ; so that the firemen of Phil- 
adelphia spent fully $25,001) upon the wagons alone, in this transfer of the 
soldiers. 

The ambulances were so constructed that they could be made into beds, 
and carry three badly wounded men lying down (only two, if very badly 
wounded), and four sitting up. A slide, occupying the space between the 
seats, afibrded one very good bed ; each seat another ; and, as the ambu- 
lance was much longer than the average length of a man, two men, sitting up, 



430 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



could occupy the vacant space upon each seat towards the front. From tea to 
twelve men could be conveyed, if not critical cases. Did a soldier die, in 
spite of kind and skilful treatment, the ambulance company offered their 
vehicles to his family and friends, without charge — C'onveying not only them, 
but lodges, associations, and the firing-party. If a soldier must die elsewhere 
than in the field, the best place to do it is certainly Philadelphia. It would 
hardly be possible to say too much, or to think too highly, of these t\vo 
schemes for the soldiers" benefit; of the womanly tenderness'of the firemen 
nurses, of the manly devotedness of their attendant satellites, the ladies of 
the Transit Aid.* 



* A lato report gives the foUoTving figuree 

First District : Min ciinv>- 

Delaware Fire Co., No. 1 

Hope Hose, No. 3 1, 

Soutbwark Hose, No. 9 3, 

Soiitliwarti Engine Co., No. 34 

"Wasliiiigton Engine, No. 14 1, 

Western Hose, No. 26 

Second District: 

Diligent Fire Co., No. 10 

Pliiladelphia Fire Co., No. IS 1, 

Third District: 

Assistance Engine Co., No. S 

America Fire Co., No. 9 

Fairmount Fire Co 1, 

Good-Will Hose Co., No. 2.5 2, 

Northern Liberty Fire Co., No. 1 2, 



of the work done Ijy the tire ambulances ; 



•v.-.l. 


Third District : Men oinjTpyeil. 


.5!K) 


Neptune Hose Co., No. C, 400 


,654 


United States Fire Co., No. 31 4:6 


:2sr, 


Fourth District : 


187 


CoUoeksink Hose Co., No. 43 TOO 


,061 


Globe Fire Co., No. :;0 200 


'i50 


Hand in Hand Fire Co., No. 1 325 




Kensington Hose Co., No. 30 31 


TS.") 


Northern Liberty Hose Co., No. 1 l.flTS 


,TIO 


Sixth District: 




Fellowship Fire Co., No. 27 7S1 


803 


Seventh District : 


833 


Philadelphia Fire Co., No. 25 310 


,320 


West Philadelphia Hose and Steam Fire 


,021 


Co., No. 3 .500 


,219 




ceaeoe. 


Philadelphia Hose, Vigilant, Good Intent, and 



CHAPTER XVr. 

A THANKSGIVINa DINNER IN THE AliMY AND NAVl 




DRUM-STICKS OV TWU KIHliS. 



The Soldiers' Thanksgiving Dinner of November, 1864 — a repast wliicli, 
if not dainty enougli for Lucullus, was of dimensions that would have satis- 
fied Gargantua — came about in this wise. The country was in the throes of 
the impending presidential election: never, perhaps, was it more indifferent to 
turkey and cranberry sauce, nor less anxious about what it should eat and 
what it sliould drink. Still, an idea too big, too generous to be kept in one 
brain, had occurred to an individual in New Yorlc, to whom ideas of the sort 
were no strangers, and, at the risk of confiding it to an unwilling ear, lie made 
it public by addressing certain editors in tlie following lines: 

Gentlemen: — President Lincoln having ordered a general Thanksgiving 
on the last Thursday of November, it being on the 24:tli, I have thought it 
only proper that something should be done for the army and navy on tliat 
occasion, not only to aid them in ker'ping the day properly, but to show them 



432 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

tliey are remembered at home. My proposition is to supply tlie army and 
navy in Virginia with poultry and pics, or puddings, all cooked, ready for use. 
This seems to be a big undertaking, but I do not see any difficulty in carrying 
it out. 

My idea is this : there will be about fifty thousand turkeys — say of eight 
pounds each, and fifty thousand pies, or their equivalents, required to feed the 
soldiers and sailors on that day; let, then, every one who can afford it and is 
willing to send and prepare such articles do so, and make up a barrel or box 
of them well packed; have them ready for shipment in this city from the IStli 
to the 2ittli of November ; they can be sent (freight free) to tlie army and 
navy of the Potomac so as to be distributed the day before Thanksgiving. 

It would be a grand sight to see that army of brave men, loyal to the flag, 
feeding on the good things of the land they have fought for, whilst the miser- 
able traitors, if they still hold out, are crouched behind their defences hungry 
and starving. 

G. W. B. 

The attention of the Union League Club was called to this proposal early 
in November, and a committee was appointed to co-operate in or inaugurate 
the movement. The committee, though convinced that nothing could be done 
until after the election, issued their appeal, to the eflect that no soldier in the 
army of the Potomac, the James, or the Shenandoah, and no sailor in the 
North Atlantic squadron, should be allowed to go without tangible, turkey 
evidence that he was remembered in the festival season of the year by those for 
whom he was perilling his life. They asked for donations of poultry, cooked 
and uncooked, mince-pies, sausages, and fruit. From those who could furnish 
nothing in kind, they would accept lil)eral contributions in money. The 
express companies would convey Thanksgiving boxes without charge to New 
York ; the committee would attend to their transportation south. 

The election well over, purse-strings were loosened and poultry-yards 
invaded. The turkeys, who had expected to survive as usual till the last 
week in November, may naturally have been indignant at the premature fate 
which cut them off in the prime of life and the middle of the month. Doubt- 
less many of them determined, then and there, that they would not keep ; and 
it is sad to be compelled to say that some few of them kept this oath, if 
nothing else. One incident in the experience of Mr. Roosevelt, the treasurer, 
ami one extract from his correspondence, must suffice in this connection : 



THE AMERICAN EIKD. 433 

A lady, on her dying bed, and forewarned that on Tlianksgiving Day she 
would be where praise is offered up, not by days, but during the ages, charged 
her husband, in case the warning were fulfilled, to give Mr. Roosevelt one 
hundred dollars, for the soldiers, in her name. 

The letter, one in a thousand, read as follows : 

Brooklyn, November lt>th, 1864. 
Theodore Roosevelt, Esq. : 

Sir: — Enclosed you will find five dollars, the contribution of an officer's 
wife, to help swell the amount already large, to procure for our dear soldiers a 
dinner on Thanksgiving Da}'. They have most bravely earned it, and will 
highly appreciate this remembrance of them by "loved ones at home." As 
my husband is now in the valley of the Shenandoah, my sympathies naturally 
flow in that direction. He will be especially remembered. But I feel for 
the soldiers, whose privations are necessarily greater than those of officers, 
and who will Ije enabled to endure them with more fortitude, knowing that 
they are remembered by those who are engaged in the great work with their 
hearts if not their hands. 

Very respectfully yours, 

E. S. A. 

Room must also be had for a brief poem, as follows:. 

Please find enclosed Be it turkey, 
My little mite. Goose or ben. 

To give the soldiers I don't care wliich, 
An extra bite. If it suits them. 

A newspaper article, from which the following is an extract, greatly stimu- 
lated the public bounty : 

" Let us turn now from the screaming of one American bird to the slaugh- 
ter and roasting of another. The eagle has had his turn on 'a thousand 
hills ;' turn we now to the turkey, and turn him on tens of thousands of spits. 
No tent should be without that noble bird for a Thanksgiving feast. The 
young men who will recall on that day the loved faces around the fireside at 
home, the games of ball on village greens, the shooting-matches, the skating 
frolics on Northern ponds, the sleighing parties over New England hills, the 
dance in the evening, the dear 'girls they have left behind them,' must not 
sit down to a Thanksgiving dinner of hard tack and salt pork. All else 
of festivity he must forego — except the shooting-matches where men are tlie 
targets — but of eating give him enough. Fill him full with turkey ! Fill his 

28 



434 THE TKIBUTE BOOK. 

mouth as well as his head with 'merry thoughts.' Put a 'drum-stick' in 
every fist for another purpose than to beat the long-roll. Let camp-fires be 
reflected in faces ruddy and redolent with turkey; let the fatness thereof be 
wiped with thankful hand from beard and mustache. Let him so feast on tur- 
key that its meraoiy will make the hours short in the lonely watch, and fill his 
dreams in a shelter-tent. The lean and hungry rebels ' are fit for stratagems 
and spoils;' let our soldiers be 'with flit turkey lined,' and go into the next 
honest fight with traitors with turkey — the good, honest, American bird ! — for 
their battle-cry 1 

" It is little enoirgh we can do for those who are doing so much for us. A 
surfeit of fight, on Dur behalf, deserves at least, as a poor return, a surfeit of 
turkey. Those who have many, send many ; those who have two, send one ; 
those who have one only, send that to the soldier, and go without at home. 
Better a dinner of herbs with the love that has sent the bird to camp, than the 
stuffed turkey and the thought of hard tack on that day for the soldiers. One 
day's rations to the brave fellows, and let it be turkey roast, with all the 
fixings. The army of the Potomac, the army of the James, the aimy of 
Western Virginia — let not a single mess in all their tens of thousands be 
without turkey to head its bill of fare on the 24th of November. Though 
there be not enougli left for seed for next thanksgiving, be this day remem- 
bered as the Day of the Feast of Turkey, when the soldier comes home and 
fights his battles over again with his crutch, for the instruction of his children 
and his children's children.'' 

The committee received over $57,000 in money, and ])oultry and provi- 
sions valued at about $150,000 more. Messrs. A. and E. Robbins converted 
the money into turkej-s, refunding the three thousand dollars and over which 
were legitimately theirs, for the transmuting process. The collected eatables 
were unpacked, repacked, and addressed in a building tendered rent free; the 
coopering, packing, and carting were, for the most j^art, clone without charge. 

Admiral Porter had informed the committee that he had seventeen thou- 
sand men in his squadron, and he thought that a turkey for every six of them 
would be amjile provision. The committee thought otherwise, and sent the 
admiral one turkey for every whist-party on his decks — in all thirty thousand 
pounds. Mr. Jerome Chajipell and the steamer Kensington conveyed this 
quantum, uncooked, to its destination ; each ship's galley to do its own roast- 
ing and broiling. At Fortress Monroe, each paymaster received his vessel's 
allowance, so many pounds for so many men. One gentleman, getting in his 
share a few ducks, remarked that every thing was welcome, green-backs or 



THANKSGIVING IX THE ARMY. 435 

canvas-backs. In the York River and at Norfolk plentiful clistribution.s were 
made, and four hundred pounds were bappily left over to fall to the lot of 
some incoming blockader, buffeted by the storm ; some double-ender, out of 
pork and unable to make lier two ends meet ; some weather-boaten craft, 
overcome by liard tacking and harder tack. 

Captain Geo. F. Noyes, a gentleman who had formerly served on General 
"Wadsworth's staff, assumed the duties of purveyor to the army of the Shenan- 
doah, one Shei'idan commanding. He left New York with fifty thousand 
pounds of uncooked turkeys, and arrived at Winchester and made the distri- 
bution on Thanksgiving eve. The weather was cold, and therefore propitious. 
The soldiers, who had scant appliances for roasting — few spits and no tin 
kitchens — had plenty of stewpans, saucepans, pots, and kettles. The Shenan- 
doah turkeys were most of them reduced to soup, broth, and gravy, and in 
this form were eaten with the highest zest. '' It ain't the turkey so much, it's 
the idea," said an enlisted man to Captain Noyes. "It is not the violets," said 
the belle of the season, '' I could have bought them myself, but it shows he has 
not forgotten his Eliza." "I am confident," wrote General Sheridan, ''that at 
this moment, now Thanksgiving Day, many of our soldiers are tacitly blessing 
those at home for the remembrance so substantially manifested." 

To the armies of the Potomac and the James were forwarded three hun- 
dred thousand pounds of poultiy, besides an enormous quantity of dough-nuts, 
pea-nuts, pickles, periodicals, apples, gingerbread, onions, tapioca, turnips, 
tracts, and other vegetables and viands. Mr. Arthur Leary placed his two 
steamers — the Charles C. Leary and James T. Brady — at the committee's dis- 
posal. They sailed on the Sunday and Monday before the festal Thursday, 
having on board some four thousand boxes and barrels, under the care of 
Captain T. B. Bronson. The turkeys were, for the most j)art, cooked, being 
that portion of the people's bounty which had been received in kind, and that 
part of the committee's purchases which the hotel-keepers and bakers of New 
York had roasted, either without charge or charging only the actual outlay. 
The immense labor attendant iipon the unloading of the steamers at City 
Point, and the distribution of their cargoes among the various corps, was suc- 
cessfully performed. Several of the moTe distant regiments celebrated the 
holiday somewhat later than their fellows, but as they knew the poultry was 
coming, and as the idea was more than the turkey, they were content to fast 
on Thursday and feast on Saturday. 

So much for Thanksgiving in the armies. But the public bounty did not 
end here. There was hardly a hospital, hardly a detached camp or isolated 



436 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

garrison, either in the North or upon the border, that did not receive its share. 
The New York Committee, continuing to receive stores and money after the 
poultry steamers had left, determined to supply the hospitals and forts around 
the city. But in this they found that they had been in a measure forestalled 
by the Board of Brokers. They were therefore fain to supplement the provi- 
sion already made, by additions of turnips, cake, apples, and, in some cases, 
turkeys. They offered to stock the larders of the Baltimore and Annapolis 
hospitals, but the Baltimoreans and Annapolitans needed no help. Some two 
hundred and sixty barrels were sent to Newbern, and eleven boxes to the iron- 
clad Dictator. The states which dispensed their hospitality through the New 
York Committee, were the six of New England, New York, New Jersey, 
Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Michigan. 

Many of the donors of turkeys had labelled their gifts with their own 
names or initials, and not a few received letters of acknowledgment from the 
recipients. A trooper in the Second Cavalry Division of the Army of the 
Potomac thus addressed Mrs. J. N. P. : 

" Madam : — I have the pleasure to announce to you that your correspond- 
ent is in receipt of a Thanksgiving present (a volujatuous turkey) — one of 
those that we have frequently read about in ancient history. To describe it 
would be impossible. The taste of a soldier down here upon the feathered 
tribe can scarcely be ].)ictured ; but altogether, I pronounce it elegant, and it 
would make a Imngiy man's soul feel proud. We cannot extend suiRcient 
manifold kindness towards the ladies of New York. Although I am a Penn- 
sylvanian myself, it appeared to me that it was my lot to be the happy 
recipient of the above-named fowl. These friends are the means of restoring 
new vigor to the hearts and lives of the soldiers, knowing that part of the 
human sex (the ladies) arc for the preservation of the Union and our 
glorious country, which braces us up to fight our foe and enemies of the 
Southern Confederacy. Madam, although strangers, when such luxuries and 
delicacies come before our careworn notice, we must emphatically say we can- 
not be such. I must now close. 

" Your ever obedient servant. S. R. S." 

A letter conceivetl in a more sober vein ran thus : 

" Camp of 143d Reg't, Penn. A'oi.a., November 27th, 1804. 
" To Mrs. R. S., and Others, who hare remtmhered the soldiers: 

"Dear Madam and Friends: — Upon this beautiful Sabbath moi-ning. 
I have the honor and extreme pleasure to acknowledge, in behalf of three 



THANKSGIVING IN THE HOSPITALS. 



437 



hundred ami tliirty-six enlisted members of, and present with, the One Ilim- 
drcd and Forty-third Regiment, Penn. Vols., the reception of one hundred and 
sixty-eight pounds of roasted turkeys and ehiekens ; one hundred and ninety- 
six pounds of Spitzenberg apples ; one keg of apple butter; twenty pounds of 
cakes; nine minced pies; and eighty-four pounds of vegetables, from parties 




A SOLDJER'S bill of fake for thanksgiving DAT. 

unnamed ; also, one box of choice delicacies, tastefully packed with roasted 
turkeys and chickens, cakes and pies, from Mrs. R. Scott, of Oswego City, New 
York, as 'Thanksgiving offerings to the brave defenders of our country.' 
Although arriving two days after the appointed Thanksgiving Day, they were 
nevertheless quite as acceptable and as highly appreciated upon the 26th as 
they could possibly have been upon the 24th of November. 

"My pen has not the powers of description that would do justice to the 
advent of these home remembrances among us — scenes which stir to the 
depths the feelings of sturdy men, with twenty-seven months of hard service, 
fraught with the peril of life and limb, in front of relentless traitors, whose 
' loud cannon-thunder and death-dealing shots have but nerved them to suffer, 
to do, and to dare,' for the maintenance of the best government ever insti- 
tuted by man. These scenes, let me say again, are not to be described — only 
to be seen and felt. Therefore, as distributing officer for this regiment, I ten- 
der to you the sincere and heartfelt thanks of the entire command for your 
generous Thanksgiving offerings. E. U. W., 

"Commissary Scrg't, 143d Reg't Pcnn. Vols." 



438 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

A few words and a few extracts will suffice to show in what way Thanks- 
giving was kept in the hospitals at the North — the tables of each being spread 
by the care of its own special circle of ladies. David's Island Hospital, near 
New York, and the largest in the vicinity, celebrated the day as follows: At 
one o'clock a new flag was raised, the convalescents singing the anthem. 
Speeches were made by gentlemen skilled in preparing an audience for a feast 
of turkey by a flow of soul. Then came dinner, served in ten mess-rooms, 
seating two hundred persons each — ten ladies and gentlemen being detailed to 
wait on each. A blessing was asked upon every table, and then the carving- 
knife, gleaming in the sunshine, was plunged up to the hilt in wliat has 
been pronounced its fittest scabbard. We give a soldier's bill of fare for the 
24th of Novenber, 1864. It is the particular bill of Fort Schuj-ler ; but, 
with the exception of the music of the band of the Seventh Infantry, may 
serve for any other camp, hospital, or garrison. 

Massachusetts assumed and discharged the grateful duty of furnishing 
the dinner to all the soldiers in the Washington hospitals, seventeen thou- 
sand in number, without regard to state lines ; and this in addition to sup- 
plying the Boston forts and stations, an<l besides taking jjart in the New York 
subscription for the armies. Adams' Express carried sixty tons of Thanks- 
giving supplies to the soldiers from Boston. The citizens of Maine, informed 
that a regiment of cavalry from that state, stationed at Barrancas, Pensacola, 
were threatened with scurvy and kindred afflictions, resolved that they, too, 
should have a Thanksgiving dinner, and that it should be anti-scorbutic, even 
if its festive qualities were somewhat diminished thereby. Thirteen hundred 
packages were soon on their way to Pensacola. The camjis and hospitals 
about Pittsburgh were supplied by the Subsistence Committee and the branch 
of the Cliristian Commission in that city. Among their purchases were two 
hundred ban-els of apples, ten barrels of canned fruit, and mince-meat for six 
thousand j^ies. The church collections of the day were for the benefit of the 
Christian Commission, two of them giving over $2,100. The troops stationed 
at Nashville were provided with their dinner by the people of Pittsburgh. In 
the Philadelphia hospitals, the soldiers were enabled to celebrate Christmas by 
the generosity of Mrs. Dr. Egbert, who placed $5,000 in the hands of a gentle- 
man for that purpose ; and the distribution was made among thirteen hospi- 
tals — several, being well supplied already, courteously declining. 
/ The army Thanksgiving dinner of 1864 cost the people somewhat over a 
quarter of a million of dollars. Tliis would have been a large sum to spend in 
turkeys and cranberry sauce, if tlie money spent and the turkeys eaten, the 



THE TURKEY AS A BEARER OF MESSAGES. 



439 



end the givers had in view had Leen attained. But the soldiers prized the 
attention more than tlie gift ; and doubtless the revived memories of home, 
and the renewed assurances of sympathy and support, were more preeious to 
them than all the poultry in the North. "We can purchase fat turkeys for so 




BARRELLING APPLES FOR THE 6ULDIERS. 



much a pound ; but if these turkeys, sent a certain distance at a certain 
season, can be made to bear messages that no other fowl, not even the carrier- 
pigeon, can bear as well, and deliver them with an eloquence that belongs 
not to either fish or flesh — if, in short, it has been agreed that a turkey-gob- 
bler shall be looked upon by the receiver, even though it may liave lost 
its freshness on the way, as an expression of the good-will and the good 
wishes of the giver, then the question of cost becomes a trivial one indeed ; 
for, whatever the sum, the return will Ije a hundred-fold. 



CHAPTER XVII. 








UR chronicles have hitherto dealt with fairs held al- 
most exclusively for the benefit of the landsmen, but 
at last, Jack was to have a fair of his own. The fact 
was to be at length recognized and acknowledged, that 
though the soldier needs, is entitled to, and shall cer- 
tainly have, every aid and comfort, while he is a soldier, 
and as long as his wounds incapacitate him for labor, he is nevertheless a 
soldier but for a day, a month, a year. The sailor, on the contrary, is a 
sailor for life, by profession. He does not doff the tarpaulin and don the 
beaver, when the army comes marching home. No ploughshares are ever 
forged out of any utensils of his ; there is no agricultural or bucolic use to 
which the lately belligerent belaying-pin can with propriety be put. So as 
Jack was to stay Jack, and thus would need care and succor long after the 
Sanitary Commission had ceased to dispense them, the good j^eople of Boston 
determined to build a Sailors' Home ; and, being for sailors of the Union, 



A NATIONAL SAILORS' FAIR. 441 

not for sailors of New England, the instrumentality by which the building 
fund was to be gathered, should be called a National Sailors' Fair. 

It was principally by New England, nevertheless, that this interesting 
work was done. Philadelphia had a table, indeed, and Captain Worden for- 
warded certain New York collections ; but there was many an unassuming 
Massachusetts town that did as much as either ; and nineteen twentieths of 
the sum that was finally made over to the trustees — exclusive of the contribu- 
tions of the crews of United States ships-of-war — proceeded from New Eng- 
land pockets, from Yankee ingenuity, from Boston thrift. The fair opened on 
the 9th of November, 1864. Its objects and its officers were thus briefly set 
forth : 

" According to the rules of our service, those who are suffering or invalided 
from wounds or incurable disease, can only remain a limited time in the 
hospitals — the exception being a service of twenty years. It follows that very 
many of this valuable class of citizens, who have braved every peril in 
defence of our flag, are and will be cast upon the world, helpless and without 
the means of support; for, to those whose constitutions are broken bv disease 
and exposure, no pensions are allowed ; and to those who are disabled by 
wounds, an entirely insufficient one for their support is granted. 

" Our navy has increased during the war, from a force of ninety vessels, 
manned by seven thousand six hundred sailors, to three hundred and thirty-seven 
vessels, manned by more than fifty thousand. The large ships, now in course 
of construction, will swell the number to at least sixty-five thousand men. In 
view of these facts, the necessity becomes apparent of new benevolent agencies 
to meet the new wants ; and among these, the establishment of a home for 
disabled seamen is imperatively called for by every obligation of justice and 
every instinct of humanity, in order to relieve the large amount of almost un- 
recognized destitution and misery even now pressing upon the friends of the 
sailor." 

MANAGING COMMITTEE. 

Chairmen, 
Alex. II. IlicE, Mrs. John A. Bates. 

Vice- Cliiiirmnn, Treasurer^ 

TnoMAs PassELL. Jonx A. Hates. Payinasti'i- U. S. N. 

Secretary. 
Mrs. S. T. IIooi'eu. 



442 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



James Sturgis, Mus. 

William Munkok, " 

Jkre Abbott, " 
Geo. B. Ui'To.v, Jp.., 

Joshua Cuaxe, ■ " 

ii. iiunneweli,, " 

E. P. Whipple, '• 

Frank W. Andrews, " 

George E. Lincoln, '' 

J. F. TnOKERMAN, " 

Com. George S. Blake, C S. N.. " 
Capt. J. S. Berrien, U. S. X.. 

SnRG. W. S. W. RrsSCIIENBERGER. U. S. N., " 

Paym'r Geo. F. Gutter, U. S. N., Miss 

Mrs. Commodore iJowNs, " 



TiioMA.s R. Lambert, 
Petei! IIubbell, 

E. R. ilCDGE, 

J. Amort Codman, 
Geo. B. Osborn, 

TlIOS. Ru.SSELL, 

Geo. B. Upton, Ji;., 
Ciiari.es T. Tii.ton, 
Russell Bates, 

C. O. WniTMORE, 
W.M. B. SllITBRIOK. 

Louis M. Goldsborougii, 
Stephen L). Trench ard, 
J. Rotch, 
A. Forbes. 



Mr. Everett, in his ojicning address, told the audience, in his own delight- 
ful way, why it had been thought a duty to build a Sailors' Home. After 
describing the hardships and sufferings of a sailor's life, "What reception,"' 
he said, "does he meet with on his return? What is the reward which the 
community bestows upon him for all that he has encountered in its service ? 
Does he find a peaceful, quiet, well-ordered home? Sometimes he finds it 
under a roof which he may call his own, or in some public establishment pro- 
vided by the good Samaritans of the country. But, nine times out of ten, 
the case is far different. If he comes home in a sailing-vessel, before the sails 
are furled, one of those devils whose name is legion comes on board with a 
bottle of rum in his pocket. As soon as he reaches the land, or, if he is in a 
public ship, as soon he is paid oft' and set at liberty, the first thing he wants is 
lodgings. It seems as though there was no power on earth to pity him, no 
hand to save. Poor Jack ! he cannot go to the Parker House, and the evil 
spirits that have him in tow take care not to carry him to one of the temper- 
ance lodging-houses; and so he falls almost of necessity into the clutches of a 
landlord — dreadful name ! — until, his money spent, with spirit broken, and 
despondent by his condition, and to escape starvation, he enlists again in the 
service. 

"It is not his own fault altogether that he does not do better. He should 
have some encouragement ; but who cares for old tarry Jack ? What do we 
do thoroughly and effectually to guard against these frauds and casualties 
which I have explained? My friends, we must make allowance for the short- 
comings of poor Jack. He did not have our opportunities in early life ; he 
was born in a condition of hopeless poverty, and, after the burden of life had 
weighed heavily upon his young heart, he had to go to sea to get his living. 



A HOME FOR ]'0()U JACK. 443 

He was a little wild and reckless, perhaps ; but lie was an honest youth. He 
was the darling of his mother ; he was the despot of half the boys in the vil- 
hage; he was the torment, but the delight, of the village girls ; he was flogged 
daily by the schoolmaster, who, on Wednesdays and Saturdays, flogged him 
twice in the morning, because school did not keep in the afternoon. It 
happened, perhaps, on one occasion when this agreeable operation was being 
performed, that Jack clenched his master, who came oil' second best in the 
encounter. 

" Next night he took an irregular method of preventing the squire's favor- 
ite tree from being broken down under the weight of its fruit, and next 
morning he found it convenient to run away and go to sea. This is the 
early history of many a gallant and noble tar. lie was not malignant, he 
was not desperate, he would nut do a mean thing for the world; and he 
makes a capital sailor, removed from temptation, and held to regular and ' 
constant, but not severe labor. True as steel, brave as a lion in the honr 
of danger, he is something to us as he sits upon the deck, passing the 
lonely hours in his night-watch. lie has many an opportunity to think of 
the mother and sister that are weeping over his absence; and there is no 
reason on earth why he should not come back to be tlie comfort and prop 
of that home, and with each succeeding voyage bring back something, to 
make the hearts of the old people dance with joy. There is many and many 
a repentant sigh that mingles with the gale; many a virtuous resolution 
that responds to the cry of ' All hands on deck,' which calls the ]joor 
fellow, drenched and chilly, stift' and sore, to mount the shrouds in a winter's 
storm. 

" But it is all in vain. The moment he lands, the demons, as I have 
called them, are upon him. They cheat, they plunder, they drug him, they 
ruin his health, pei-haj^s for life, and, as I said before, they crowd him off to 
sea. But perhaps some one will say, why don't he go home, where he will 
be safe? Home — home for poor Jack? Wh}', half the time he never had a 
home. I^e was the orphan child of a widowed mother ; he has no home. 
'The foxes liave holes, and the birds of the air have nests,' but poor Jack 
has not where to lay his head. I beseech you, if you love Him whose words 
I have dared to quote — words over which centuries have wept tears of rev- 
erential sympathy — I adjure you for the love of Ilim, who, when He was rich, 
for our sakes became poor, that you aid with your abundance these honorable 
women who are here, seeking to rear for ])oor Jack that which he greatly 
needs — a cheerful and comfortable home." 



444 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

The fail" proper, the central or nuclean display, was held in the Boston 
Theatre, and the visitors could attend almost any other exhibition in the 
city, and still be within the circle of the great naval charity. The land- 
scapes at the Athenaeum were in one sense marines ; the battles fought by 
the miniature monitors in Monitor Hall were genuine sea-fights, with genu- 
ine powder and smoke ; the Kearsarge had twenty -five things on board worth 
seeing at a penny apiece. The criticisms upon the amateur artists at the 
Melodeon were exclusively nautical, Claude Melnotte being pronounced a land- 
shark for telling Pauline such a yarn about his palace ; and every old salt in 
the audience took a fresh cpiid in honor of the man whose gi'andfather wedded 
the Adriatic. And at the Music Hall, when that mighty wind instrument 
began its gruff delineation of a heavy blow, the cheery notes of the boat- 
swain's whistle piping the free list to cpiarters, were easily detected by all 
familiar with the frog-pond and the otiier great lakes. It was indeed a 
wonderful naval festival ; fi-iend recognized friend by the cut of his jib and 
by the flowing amplitude of his trousers ; it was not indecorous to be half 
seas over ; the man who had said to his wife that she must not spend so much 
upon her bonnets, felt like the admiral who ordered his consort to take a reef 
in her topsails ; the schoolmaster no longer .'ipoke of his ferule, but, shouting 
"All liands ahoy," gave each one a rap with his spanker. 

Without pausing to rehearse those features of the Sailors' Fair which 
were no difierent from those held in aid of the landsmen, we must say a word 
for Monitor Hall. This was an enclosure formed by a mammoth tent, and 
consisting of a circular fragment of the frog pond, eighty-five feet in diameter, 
witli an island in the middle, and a platform for spectators occupying the 
circumference. In the centre of the island was a square fort and an earthem 
breastwork, both fort and breastwork mounted with diminutive, though still 
deadly, weapons of defence. There was a light-house, and, moored oft' the 
island, was the rebel Merrimac. A monitor, one twenty-fourth tlie size of her 
that admonished the Merrimac, witli steam up and hatches down, lay oft' 
the fort, taking the measure of the battery, and, when frowned at — in the 
manner peculiar to batteries and gunboats — frowning back again. Three 
times a day the following instructive little pantomime was enactwl : the 
monitor, with her helm lashed to port, so as to carry her round the island, 
without impinging against the curbstone, started to reconnoitre. Tiie earth- 
work opened upon her, the monitor replied ; the band played A Life on the 
Ocean Wave ; the square fort thundered forth defiance, the monitor belched 
again, the spectators raised an encouraging cheer, and the monitor returned to 




6— 



CONTRIBUTIONS OF UNITED STATES VESSELS. 445 

her anchorage. On the first day of this exhibition, Captain Wordeii, intro- 
duced by Mr. Everett, narrated his experience on that first, most memorable 
voyage. 

This monitor was built by Mr. Joseph Kay, foreman in Mr. Charles Knap's 
foundry at Pittsburgh. At the sanitary fair in the last-named city, it earned 
$16,000. It was then purchased by Mr. Knap, and by him sent to fight for 
the sailors in Boston, where it earned $10,000 more. 

From miniatures to mammoths there is but a step. A gentleman presented 
President Lincoln with a mastodonic ox, and sent him to the fair for exhibi- 
tion. Mr. Lincoln sent two telegrams to the managers, the latter announcing 
what disposition he bad made of the gift. The dispatches ran thus : 

" Allow me to wi.sh you great success. Witla the old fame of the navy, 
made higher in the present war, you cannot fail. I name none, lest I wrong 
others by omission. To all, from rear-admiral to honest Jack, I tender a 
nation's admiration and gi'atitude." 

And thus : " I present the mammoth o.x to the Sailors' Fair as a contribu- 
tion." One thousand dollars were spent in witnessing the giant; and two 
thousand more in raffling for him. This mountain of beef was sent to aid 
the landsmen's cause in Chicago, in June, 1865, where, in the proper place, 
we had a glimpse of him — if the word glimpse may properly be used in con- 
nection with a thing so vast. 

The Charlestown Navy Yard looked with sympathy upon the Sailors' Fair. 
The workmen contributed articles of the value of nearly $900. The tars 
gave a concert on board of the receiving-ship Ohio, at which Professor Lock- 
wood swallowed a twenty-two-inch sword ; he then unsheathed it, and, instead 
of tlirovving away the scabbard, treated it with every consideration. Paymas- 
ter John A. Bates accepted and discharged the onerous duties of treasurer. 

We have alluded to collections taken up on board of United States vessels. 
The following figures give an idea of the aid lent the Home by those who 
might one day be themselves candidates for admission : 

Minnesota $744 50 Colormlo $46-3 .50 

Sussacus 210 50 Marine Barracks, Brooklyn 352 00 

Eutaw 90 00 Siis<nielianna 150 00 

Dawn 67 00 AlleKliany 36 00 

Powh.attan 115 00 (ialena 100 00 

E. B. Hale 50 On Agawain 155 00 

Perdita and Key West 170 50 St. Louis £38 IGs. od. 

Li the Hall of Trophies, the captures exhibited were principally naval and 



446 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

maritime : the swoid surrendered to Commodore Bainbridge, when he took 
the British frigate Java ; a knife and fork which fell into American hands on 
the same occasion ; the flag of the first rebel privateer Savannah, captui-ed by 
the brig Perry ; shot from the rebel ram Tennessee ; a copper hook, made 
from a piece of the galley funnel of the Congress ; the drum of the Alabama ; 
rebel torpedoes picked up in secession waters , the unacknowledged flag of an 
unacknowledged admiral ; swords presented to Commodore Decatur by Con- 
gress, &c., &c. 

In the adjoining anteroom was a remarkable piece of work, to which the 
words of Eliza Cook's ballad are singularly appropi-iate : 

" I love it, I love it, and wlio sliull dare 
To cliide me for loving that old arm-chair!" 

The arm-chair in question was composed of fragments of wood of United 
States vessels, all but two of which had been lost in the war of the rebellion. 
It was tiie work of Acting Master Samuel L. Holbrook, who spent in this 
labor the leisure of stormy days, and such moments as he could save from his 
sleep and his meals, during eight months. The top of the back, carved in 
imitation of rope-work, was from the Pennsylvania ; the two side-pieces were 
from the Cumberland; the upper posts from trunnions of the Monitor; the 
upper arms from the Merrimac ; the back from the Congress ; the seat from 
the Pennsylvania and United States. In tlie remainder of the chair, inclu- 
ding drawers, were mementoes of the Constitution, Karitan, Delaware, Colum- 
bus, Columbia, and Germantown ; and the fringe and tassels contained a por- 
tion of the flag borne by the Coastitution when she captured tlie Guerriere. 
Two small metal guns, made from one of the Merrimac's cannon, were sta- 
tioned on each side of it, and defended the approaches. This unique settee 
was disposed of by raffle for $300. 

The skating-pond, which had acted as a delightful refrigerant at the mid- 
summer fairs, was now somewhat in keeping with the season, and aftbrded a 
charming lesson in a graceful but perilous art. This ingenious toy. a lady's 
work, has been worth to the soldiers' and sailors' cause nearly $10,000. 

There was some historic tea at the Sailors' Fair. If it was hyson, it was 
not young hyson ; and if it was oolong, it was o'er long ago. It seems that 
Mr. Lot Cheever, who was one of the party engaged in throwing the tea 
overboard in Boston Harbor, on the 10th of February, 1774, stopped on his 
way from the scene of action, at the house of Colonel Abner Cheever, in 
Saugus, to change his dress, he being then in the disguise of an Indian. 



A GOOD REASON FOR A SAILORS' HOME. 447 

His shoes were full of tea ; aiul an old ladj of tlic family, eollectiiig a quan- 
tity of the preeious herb, and foreseeing, with wonderful prescience, that it 
would one day be more interesting to gaze at, than to use in the form of a 
decoction, preserved it for tlie Sailors' Fair. 




ONE REASON, tH'T OF FIFTY. Ft)R A SAllAJKS' lIi'ME. 



The Bostonians voted army and navy swords away, and in unexpected 
directions. In the navy campaign, the contest lay between Admiral Farragut 
and Captain Winslow, until the last day of the canvass, when a solid contri- 
bution, forwarded from the quarter-deck and forecastle of the Brooklyn, 
settled the struggle in favor of Captain Alden, of the Brooklyn aforesaid. 
General Sheridan stood fiir in advance upon the army list, when a gentleman, 
unwilling, doubtle.ss. that West Point should bear off all the honors, put 
General Butler ahead of all his rivals, and out of reach of further com- 
petition. 

The General Charles Griffin was perhaps the most remarkable piece of 
mechanism exhibited at this or any other army and navy fair. The Griffin 
was a miniature steam-engine, made by two soldiers of the Forty-fourth New 
York, or Ellsworth Avenger.s. It was fourteen inches long by twelve high, 
and was composed entirely of picked-up materials. The boiler had been an oil- 
can ; the furnace, the fragment of a eamp-kettle ; the smoke-stack was foshioned 
from a table-tray ; the cylinder, from a musket-barrel ; the steam-chest, from a 



448 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

door-plate; the steam--wliistle, from the moutli-piece of a bugle; the safety- 
valve, from the lightning-rod of a Eappahannoek mill ; the piston-rod and 
crank, from pieces of a musket ramrod ; the hub of the wheel, from the fuze- 
plug of a rebel shell ; and all the accompanying braces, rods, spokes, eccentrics, 
beams, &c., &c., from the debris of a Petersburg battle-field. The Griffin's 
power was not measured by horses, but by sewing-machines : it was of one 
sewing-machine power. 

The fair would have been incomplete without the presence of living wit- 
nesses to the necessity of a Sailors' Home. Three such gave their personal 
testimony, though not in words. There was the once able-bodied Mack of 
the Brooklyn, who lost an arm in Mobile Bay ; Walter Greenwood, who was 
struck blind by heat in the engine-room of the Massasoit, while cruising in 
search of the pirate Tallahassee; and Dick Dunphyof the flag-ship Hartford, 
who lost both arms by a shell from the rebel ram Tennessee. These men 
were disabled in a moment of time ; yet, to be entitled to a home, they must 
have seen twenty years' service. The mutilated patriots told a story unsur- 
passed for power and eloquence, without opening their lips. No one need 
read either appeal or circular after hearing it, as narrated by those armless 
sleeves, those sightless eyes. 

The receipts of the National Sailors' Fair were as follows : 

Cash receipts from individuals, sliips-ot'-war, &c $83,893 04 

Sale of tickets of admission 34,302 00 

Sales at tables,* stations, and departments 104,175 80 

$282,370 00 

Expenses of all kinds $25,121 93 

Transfers from tlie treasurer to tables and stations, and by them 

credited in their accounts of sales 10,192 50 

35,314 43 

Total net receipts $247,000 47 



*Thc following is a list of all the tables of the fair, and of the ladies superintending them; 

Charhxtoim and Nary Table. — Mrs. Henry Lvok, Mrs. Charles Merriam, Mrs. John W. Bloh- 
GETT, Mrs. Jous W. Damox, Mrs. John S. Missroon, Mrs. James F. Miller, Mrs. Frank Thomp- 
son, Mrs. Geo. F. Cutter. 

Jfk2s/iip>iicn'.s Tah'c. — JIrs. Thomas R. Lamdert, Mrs. John II. Sherburne. 

Marines' Table. — Miss Lizzie Marston. 

Itoxbiirtj Table. — Mrs. John S. Sleeper, Mrs. William S. Leland, Mrs. Franklin Darracott. 

Dorctuster Table. — Mrs. William Wales. 

Jamaica Plain Table. — Mrs. W. H. S. Jordan, Mrs. J. C. Jones. 

Xewlon Table. — Mrs. William Claflin, Mrs. Kinmouth, Mrs. Thomas Xickerson, Mrs. Wil- 
liam Lane, Mrs. L.vNGnoN Coffin, Mrs. David Rowland. 

Cambridye Tabic. — Mrs. H. W. Paine, Mrs. Charles Setmoue, Mrs. II. L. Eustis. 



THE NATIONAL SAILORS' SNUG HARBOR. 449 

Here is the nucleus of a fund from whicli, in due time, shall arise a 
National Sailors' Snug Ilarbor. Ilere Old Neptune shall house his invalids ; 
here the iron-clad veterans shall finish their days in peace, -when blockade- 
runners, and torpedoes, and fire-ships, and Blakcly rifles, shall be at least two 
generations old. Here they shall prepare to hear, not the Last Trumpet — that 
were well enough for the landsmen — but what Father Taylor, when preaching 
in a bethel, technically and not irreverentially calls the Bo'sun's Last Whistle, 
Piping All Hands to Quarters. 



C/ielsea Table. — Mns. JouN W. Graves, Mrs. Josuua Loring. 

L>/7tn Table. — Mrs. John B. Allen, Mrs. Oliver. 

Salem Table. — Mrs. J. Webster, Mrs. Geo. II. Chase, Mrs. James O. Saffoud, Mrs. J. F. TncK- 
ERMAN, Afiss Augusta L. Nichols. 

Beeerhj Tabic. — Mrs. Edward Burlet, Mrs. Joseph Abbot. 

Mai-blehend Table. — Mrs. Thomas Appleton, Mrs. Mary Graves. 

Lowell Table. — Mrs. Samuel Sargent, Mrs. Charles T.^lbot. 

JS'ew Beilford Table. — Mrs. Lawrence Grinnell, Mrs. Geo. T. Stearns. 

CajK Cud Table. — Miss C. E. Phinney, Miss Grace Bacon. 

Mount Vernon Table. — Mrs. James Burnham, Mrs. James W. Cutter. 

Donation Table. — Mrs. Charles W. Galloupe. 

Old Colony Table. — Mrs. Gersuom B. Weston, Mrs. Davis. 

State Table. — Mrs. Gideon Haynes. 

Teachc7-x' Table. — Miss Seymour. 

Portland Table. — Mrs. Stover Little, Mrs. H. L. Eobinson. 

Tbrtsnwnth Table. — Mrs. John B. Haley. 

Xem Jfamps/iire Table. — Mrs. John P. Hale, Mrs. George Hutchins. 

Philadelphia Table. — Mrs. D. Haddock, Jr., Mrs. Brooks, Mrs. Hazleton, Mrs. E. S. Hall. 

Flower rnfife— Mrs. Waldo Adams, Miss Mattie Hazard, Mrs. Benjamin Hurd. 

Confectionery Table. — Mrs. E. T. Milliken, Mrs. S. Morse. 

Department of Pefreshments. — Mrs. Warren Colburn. 

Skating Park. — Mrs. C. L. Wheelwright. 

Jb.s<-C|;^re.— Mrs. Hubbard W. Tilson. 

JTuxieal Department. — Mrs. Oliver Ditson, Mrs. Henry Mason. 

Indian Drjxirtment. — Miss Kate Miller. 

Glass and China DejMrtment. — Mrs. Daniel B. Stedman. 

House Furnishing, Booksellers' and Stationers', and Carved Wood Departments. — J. L. HtraNEWELL. 

Seieing-Maehine, Hardware, and Vegetable Depart ment.*i. — Augustus Parker. 

Drugs and Faney Artieles. — Mrs. Mary G. Stoker, Miss Sarah II. Manning. 

Jewellery Department. — Mrs. George Mowton. 

Department of Arms and Trophies. — Mrs. Charles H. Davis, Mrs. John Downs. 

Department of Curiosities avd Antiquities. — Mrs. A. O. BiGELOw. 

Carpet Department, Fishing Pond. — Mrs. Warren Hapgood. 

Personal Tables of Boston. — Mrs. Alexander H. Rice, Mrs. Henry A. Wise, Mrs. Samuel F. 
CouES, Mrs. Geo. W. Simons, Mrs. L. McFarland. 

The Boatswain's Whistle. — Mrs. Julia Ward Howe. 
29 



CHAPTER XVIII. 

TESTIMONIALS TO DISTINGUISHED COMMANDERS. 




ONORABLE services of silver-ware have, in our day, 
given place to title-deeds and government bonds, in the 
estimation of those who desire to recognize and reward 
a signal puhlic career. The days of massive punch-bowls, solid tea-sets, frosted 
wine-coolers, have passed away, and a better method of requiting the heroic 
deeds of great soldiers and great sailors has succeeded them. The clue was 
given to the discovery of this method by an incident that befell a wine-cooler 
of somewhat ancient date. Presented to Commodore Decatur, it was afterwards 
purchased by a gentleman who had never been within a thousand miles of 
Tripoli, and who had never exacted tribute from the Dcy of Algiers. So 
when the fight in Charleston harbor came, no one thought of giving Major 
Anderson a punch-bowl ; the health shattered in that anxious service within 
the walls of Sumter was not to be restored by tea delicately brewed or wine 
generously cooled. The Philadelpliians gave a practical form to their recog- 
nition of the faithful steward's labors; and if Major, soon after General, 
Anderson desired a plate, or a bowl, or a vase — he could purchase it. 

Not long after this, certain Philadelphians thought proper to recognize the 
services of General George ileade in a somewhat similar manner — no plate, 



FUND FOR THE FAMILY OF GENERAL BIRNEY. 451 

elaborately cliased, but a. substantial bouse and lot, furnished and ready for 
occupation. And not long after this, again, these same Pbiladelphians heard 
and answered another appeal. 

General David B. Birney was compelled by illness, brought on by expo- 
sure and over-exertion in the field, to give up the command of the Tenth 
Army Corps before Eichmond, in October, 186-1. He reached home in a 
dying condition, and expired on the 18th, surrounded by his family and 
friends. In an address delivered at the Academy of Music, on the evening of 
the day of the funeral, Governor Curtin thus alluded to the loss they were 
called upon to deplore : 

" To-da}', I, with others, followed to the grave a soldier of the republic, 
late a citizen of Philadelphia. I knew him well, indeed I had the honor of 
giving him his first commission. I was connected with ever}- promotion he 
received from the national government, and followed him with pleasure as he 
became more distinguished, from battle to battle, and became dearer and 
dearer to truly loyal men everywhere. Philadelphia did herself honor to-day 
when she honored the remains of Genci'al David B. Birney. lie had braved 
the dangers of battle forty times, yet his life was spared, that he might return 
to die in tlie midst of his loving famih^ Ever remembering the old flag 
under which he had so often fought, he exclaimed with his last breath, and as 
his life went out, 'Boys! keep your eyes on that flag!' And so the noble 
Birney fills a soldier's grave. And he has left a wife and children behind 
him. I have frequently committed to the people of Pennsylvania the care of 
the soldier's wife and children, and now we have a law of our commonwealth 
by which we assist to nurture the destitute orphans of our brave martyred 
heroes. While I ask not for charity, I trust, in justice, that the jseople of 
Philadelphia will not forget the six little children of General Birney." 

A meeting of the friends and associates of the late general was held on the 
24th at the Continental Hotel, "to take measures to raise a testimonial to his 
memory." Among the resolutions passed was the following: 

"Eesolved, That in acknowledgment of the valuable services rendered his 
country since April 19th, 1861, by the late David B. Birney, and the sacrifices 
he has made in the cause of the Union, it is our duty, as it will be our pleas- 
ure, to use our means and influence to provide and set apart for the benefit of 
his family a fund which, added to his estate, will yield an income at least 
equal to the pay he received, so that they will suffer no ])ecuniary loss by his 
death.'' 

A committee of fourteen members was appointed to procure subscriptions 



452 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

to this fund. In ten days the object stated in the above resolution was fully 
accomplished. 

That a rear-admiral should, for distinguished services, be made vice- 
admiral, may very well satisfy a national desire, and relieve the public con- 
science. But it is, nevertheless, a title witliout an estate, a dukedom without 
a duchy. If the founders of the government counted upon the spirit and 
liberality of the public to make up for what they decreed should be the 
parsimony of tlie people — for let no one confound the people and the public — 
it is a happy circumstance that fortune has blessed so many of our citizens, and 
that they are so ready and anxious, as we have seen, to assume the trust 
imposed. Premising that Admiral Farragut returned to the North late in 
1864, and that Messrs. Moses Taylor, Samuel Sloan, and John J. Cisco, of 
New York, were made chairman, secretary, and treasurer, of a committee 
appointed to annex an estate to the vice-admiral's title, we make the following 
extracts from the correspondence which ensued between the Admiral and the 
committee : 

" New Yoek, December 31, 1864. 

" To Vice-Admiral David G. Farragut, Senior Fla(j-officer of tlie United 
States Wavy : 

" Dear Sir : — It is but an act of duty on the part of the citizens of this 
commercial community to acknowledge the brilliant services you have ren- 
dered to the country, in guarding its maritime interests, protecting its com- 
merce, and maintaining the honor of its flag. 

" Tlie gallantry displayed by tlie fleet, which, under your orders, opened 
the Mississippi from the Delta to the Crescent City, deservedly won the 
applause of a grateful people ; but still later in the contest waging for the 
restoration of the national autliority, and the possession of the forts and terri- 
tory of the Union, your unparalleled skill and dauntless intrepidity in forcing 
the entrance of the Bay of Mobile and capturing its defences, tli rilled the 
hearts of your countrymen, and excited the admiration of every generous 
nation. 

" The deeds which illustrate alike 3-our name and the naval history of 
the republic, have been fitly recognized in your promotion to a grade higher 
than has ever before been known in the American navy — a rank fairly won in 
bloody conflict, justly bestowed by the government, and gladly hailed by the 
American people. 

" The citizens of New York can offer no tribute equal to your claims on 
their gratitude and affection. Their earnest desire is to receive you as one of 



THE FARRAGUT FUND. 4f)3 

their number, and to be permitted, as fellow-citizens, to share in the renown 
you will bring to the metropolitan city. This desire is felt in common bv 
the whole community; and, in the hope that it may be not inconsistent with 
your own views, the grateful duty has been confided to us of placing in your 
hands the accompanying testimonial ; and we remain, 

" With the highest respect and regard, faithfully your friends, 

" Moses Taylok, Chairman. 
'• Samuel Sloan, Secretary. 

'• John J. Cisco, Treasurer." 

EEPLY of admiral FARRAGUT. 

" Washington, Jiinnai-j 17, 18fi5. 
" To Mr. Moses Taylor, Chairman. : 

" Sir : — Permit me to return my thanks for the complimentary remarks 
made by yourself, the Collector, Mr. Draper, and Mr. Low, of Brooklyn, as 
well as those contained in the resolutions of your honorable committee. 

" As to the performances of the fleet under my command, they were by 
the directions of the government, and are alike attributable to the gallant 
officers and men who served under me, guided by a kind and overruling 
Providence. That government has evinced its appreciation of my services by 
my advancement to a grade heretofore not recognized in our navy. This, sir, 
was all I could desire, and more than I expected. 

" But, sir, from the moment I entered the port of New York up to the pres- 
ent time, I have been the recipient of lienors and hospitalities, and am even now 
called on to express my grateful acknowledgments of the receipt of this last 
mark of your bountiful generosity, accompanied with the kind expression of 
your hope that I will become a citizen of the metropolitan city, than which 
nothing could be more consonant with my feelings. 

" But, sir, I am still the servant of my country, and must obey its sum- 
mons to the path of duty, indulging the hope, however, that much of my 
remaining life may be spent in the home of my refuge, whose citizens have 
so munificently guaranteed a birthright to my descendants. 

" Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

'• D. G. Farragut, Vice-Admiral." 

THE FUND. 

"New York, .Januiiry 2fi. 180.5. 
'■ Vice- Admiral David G. Farragut, United States JVav;/: 

"Dear Sir: — In a former communication addressed to vou. we alluded 



454 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

to some of the grounds upon which the loyal citizens of New York were 
desirous to express, in a fitting manner, their sense of your claims to the 
grateful recognition of the country, for gallant services rendered at a period of 
imminent national peril. 

" Of the fund provided for the declared purpose of rendering you a tribute 
of respect and gratitude, the sum of $51,130 was appropriated to the purchase 
of fifty bonds, issued by the national government, of the value of $1,000 each, 
with accrued interest ; and we have now the pleasure to place in your hands 
a check for the surplus remaining from the subscription. 

" In closing this duty — one of the most grateful we have ever been called 

on to perform — we offer you the assurance of our earnest hope that you may 

long be spared to shed lustre on the navy, and to enjoy the retrospect of a 

life of usefulness and honor devoted to the service of your country. 

" With sincere regard, we remain, faithfully yours, 

" Moses Taylob, Chairman. 
" Samuel Sloan, Secretary. 

" John J. Cisco, Treasurer.'" 

Messrs. Ball, Black & Co. furnished gratuitously a blue morocco case, 
lined with white and red satin — the loyal colors being thus ingeniously 
combined — in which the bonds, and the correspondence engrossed on parch- 
ment, were enclosed for transmission to the admiral. 

The following correspondence explains itself: 

"PniLAnELPiiiA, January 2, 1805. 
^^ Lieutenant- General 'G. S. Grant, commanding United States Army : 

" Dear General : — Having learned that Mrs. Grant was looking for and 
unable to obtain a house in this city, which you have concluded to make your 
place of residence, it affords us great pleasure to present to yourself and 
family a house furnished and ready in our City of Homes. 

" As citizens of the United States, we beg your acceptance of this slight 
testimonial of the gratitude we feel, in common with all loyal citizens, for the 
eminent services you have rendered to the nation, during its present struggle 
for the suppression of the rebellion, and of our appreciation of your distin- 
guished military ability, patriotism and moral worth. 

" As citizens of Philadelphia, feeling that it would be a high honor to have 
vou a fellow-townsman, we present it as a token of the welcome which our 
entire city extends to your fomily, while you are still fighting the battles of the 
nation, and which we will most heartily extend to yourself when the war 



THE GRANT TESTIMONIAL. 



455 




&ball be over. In requesting your acceptance of the title-deed, let us express 
the hope that, through the instrumentality of yourself and other tried and 
trusted heroes, the time may soon come when the blessings of Union and 
peace, founded on the principles of justice and freedom, shall crown the efforts 
now so nobly made. 

" That our country maj' come forth from the terrible ordeal stronger, bet- 
ter, purer and freer, is our earnest wish ; and to this we pray that God may 
long spare your valuable life, and continue your invaluable services for our 
national prosperity and peace. 

" On behalf of the subscribers, very truly yours, 

" George II. Stuart, E. G. Knight, 

" A. C. BoRiE, Davis Pearson, 

"Wm. C. Kent, Geo. Whitney, 
"James Graham, Committeey ' 



" IlEAD-QrAnTEKS Akmt of the Uxited States, ^ 
"City Poixt, Va., January 4, ISliu. \ 

"Messrs. George IT. Stuart, A. C. Borie, W. C. Kent, E. C. Knight, 
Davis Pearson, George Whitney, and James Graham, CovimiUfe : 
"Gentlemen: — Through you the loyal citizens of Philadelphia have 

seen fit to present me with a house, lot, and furniture, in your beautiful city. 

The letter notifying me of this is just received. 



456 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

"It is with feelings of gratitude and pride tliat I accept tliis substantial 
testimonial of the esteem of your loyal citizens: gratitude, because it is evi- 
dence of a deep-set determination on the part of a large number of citizens 
that this war shall go on until the Union is restored ; pride, that my humble 
efforts in so great a cause should attract such a token from a city of strangers 
to me. 

" I will not predict a day when we will have peace again, with a Union 
restored ; but that that day will come, is as sure as the rising of to-morrow's 
sun. I have never doubted this in the darkest days of tliis dark and terrible 
rebellion . 

"Until this happy day of peace does come, my family will occupy and 
enjoy your magnificent present. But until then, I do not expect nor desii-e to 
see much of the enjoyments of a home fireside. 

" I have the honor to be, with great respect, your obedient servant, 

" U. S. Grant, 
" Lieutenant- Generml United States Army.'' 

General Grant's family took possession of their homestead in May, 1865 ; 
and not long afterwards the country was at peace ; that peace of which the 
general was as sure as of the rising of the morrow's sun. 

A fund, which certain gentlemen had been for some time busy in collecting, 
was now nearly ready for distribution. The Kearsarge had destroyed the 
Alabama, instead of capturing her, and so the crew were entitled to no prize- 
money ; or, whether entitled to it or not, were not, at any rate, to have any. 
A committee of the Chamber of Commerce of New York, of which Charles 
H. Marshall was treasurer, soon called upon their fellow-citizens, the mer- 
chants especially, to contribute to the Kearsarge fund, •' as a slight recognition 
of their valuable services to the country, and especially to the merchant 
marine, in sinking the Anglo-rebel pirate Alabama." The sum of §25,000 
was, not long after, ready for distribution. 

The apportionment was made according to the methods in usage, an appro- 
priate certificate accompanying each share. The following was the allotment, 
as decided upon by the committee : 

Commander |10,nOO Three Acting Masters— two, cacli, 

Lieutenant Commander 1,200 $750 ; one $500 $2,000 

Chief Engineer 800 Second Assistant Engineer 500 

Snrgeon 800 Three Third Assistant Engineers — 

Pavmaster 600 each, $400 1,200 



THE KEARSAllGE FUND. 



407 




Midshipman $400 

Captain's ck-rk 300 

Paymaster's clerk 250 

Gunner 400 

Boatswain 40t> 

Two Acting Master's Mates — one 

$450, and one |400 850 

Surgeon's steward 150 

Paymaster's stewanl 150 

Twenty-four seamen, eacli $40. . . . itfiO 
Tliirty-two petty officers, averaging 

$46 40 1,485 

Sixteen ordinary seamen, each $.30. 480 



* Tbe following was the list of subscribers; 

.\tlantic Mutu:il Insurance Co 84,(X)l) 00 

Columbian Insurance Co :i,0il0 UO 

Great Western Insurance Co 2,000 00 

Sun Insurance Co 2,000 00 

Pacific Mutual Insurance Co 7.")0 00 

Uuion Mutual Insurance Co .500 00 

New Yorl< Mutual Insurance Co .'iOO 00 

Pacific Mail Sfcauisliip Co .500 00 

Mercantile Mutual Insurance Co .500 00 

A. A. Low it Brot licrs "."lO 00 

Orient Mutual Insurance Co 2.50 00 

Washington Marine Insurance Co.. . . 2.50 00 

Metropolitan Insurance Co 250 00 

Plicnix Insurance Co 2.50 00 

N. L. & G. GriswoUl 250 00 



One ordinary seatnan, killed; money 

to go to liis family $'200 

One ordinary seatnan, wounded. ... 50 

Eleven iirst-cla.ss firemen, each $35. 385 

Nine second-class firemen, each $30. 270 

Twenty-two laiidsmefi, eacli $25. . . 550 

Eight private marines, each $30 240 

Tliirteen coal-heavers, each $25 . . . 325 

Two first-class boys, each $20 40 

Second-class boy 15 

Amount apportioned* $25,000 

Number of officers and crew 161 

Grinncll, Minturn A Co $3,50 00 

Weston it Gray 2.50 00 

Ilowland & Aspinwall 2.50 00 

Bucklin, Crane & Co 2.50 00 

Frotliingliam .t Baylis 350 00 

Wm. H. Fogg & Co 250 00 

G. S. Stephenson & Co 250 00 

Fabbri it Cliauuccy 250 00 

Wm. Whitlock, Jr 350 00 

W. W. Deforest & Co 250 00 

S. B. Chittenden it Co 2.50 00 

Phelps, Dodge & Co 250 00 

Sturgcs, Bennet & Co 350 Ou 

J. G^ King's Sous 2.50 00 

SpofTord, Tileston it Co 2.50 00 



458 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



As Sierman's army was approaching Savannali, after its triumpliant marcli 
through Georgia, a movement in behalf of Sherman was set on foot in Ohio, 
similar to that which resulted, as has been stated, in the case of General 
Grant. The design was to jjresent a house to Mrs. Sherman either in Colum- 
bus or Cincinnati. The committee having the matter in charge soon after 
received the following letter from the lieutenant-general : 

" llEAD-QcARTEnS AuMT OP THE UxiTED STATEi>, / 

"City Point, Va., December 22, 1864. * 

"n. H. Hunter, D. Tallmadge, John T. Brasee: 

"DEAii SiKS: — I have this moment received your printed letter in relation 
to your proposed movement in acknowledgment of one of Ohio's greatest sons. 
I wrote only yesterday to my father, who resides in Covington, Kentucky, 
on the same subject, and asked him to inaugurate a subscription to present 
Mrs. Sherman with a house in the city of Cincinnati. General Sherman is 
eminently entitled to this mark of consideration, and I directed my father to 
head the subscription with five hundred dollars for me, and half that amount 
from General lugalls, chief quartermaster of this army, who is equally alive 
with myself to the eminent services of General Sherman. 

" Whatever direction this enterprise in favor of General Sherman may take, 
you may set me down for the amount named. I cannot say a word too highly 
in praise of General Sherman's services from the beginning of the rebellion to 



C. H. Marshall ?250 00 



E. D. Moigau & Co. 



2.50 00 

John Caswell ct Co 2.'50 00 

Panama E. R. Co 250 00 

A. T. Stewart A Co 2.50 00 

Hunt, Tillinshast & Co 2.50 00 

H. B. Claflin A: Co 2.50 00 

W. II. W\hb 200 00 

Josiah Maey & Sons 1.50 00 

David Dows & Co 100 00 

Hccker & Erother 100 00 

Geo. W, Blunt 100 OO 

R. L. Taylor 100 00 

Russell Sturgis 100 OO 

E. Nye 100 00 

S. Rowley & J. Demarest 100 00 

Spauldin;;, Hunt & Co 100 00 

Anthony '.t Hall 100 00 

Lathrop, Ludington & Co 100 00 

Sprairue, Cooper it Colburn 100 00 

Sullivan, Randolph & Budd 100 00 

Geo. C. Ward 100 00 

Youngs it Co 100 00 

Total 



James G. Bennett 

Francis Skiddy 

R. W. Ropes & Co 

Areher cfe Bull 

H. A. Smythe 

E. S Jaffray & Co 

Samuel .MeLean & Co 

J. & J. Stuart ct Co 

Shepard Gaudy 

Cary it Co 

M. O. Roberts 

W. D. Moriran 

Edward Rowe 

Galwey, Casado <t Teller. 
C. Adolph, Lowe it Co... 

J. A. lIcGaw 

N. M. Perry 

N. A. Cowdrey 

E. H. Tracy 

Albinola it Bailey 

K Couillard 

All others 



?100 00 


100 00 


100 00 


100 00 


100 00 


100 00 


100 00 


100 00 


11)0 00 


100 00 


100 00 


50 00 


50 00 


50 00 


50 00 


50 00 


.50 00 


25 00 


25 00 


25 00 


25 00 


1,V«0 00 


S25,000 00 



THE SHERMAN TESTIMONIAL. 



459 



the present day, and will, therefore, abstain from llatterj of liim. Suflice it to 
say, the world's history gives no record of his superiors, and of but few equals. 
"I am truly glad for the movement you have set on foot, and of the oppor- 
tunity of adding my mite in testimony of so good and great a man. 

"Yours, truly, 

" U. S. Grant, LieHtcnant-Gencral.'" 







In April, Cliicf-Justice Chase sent a contribution to the fund, and in the 
letter accompanying it was the following passage : 

'■ No man's achievements have contributed more to the grand triumph of 
Union and freedom over rebellion and slavery. Ilis deeds are among the 
choicest treasures of our own Ohio, as well as of our whole country. And 
we, the children of Ohio, are bound especially, and by the most sacred obli- 
gations, to defend and protect the good name of every brave and loyal son she 
has. She has none braver or more loyal than Sherman. 

'' Yours most trulj-, 

"S. P. Chase." 

General Sherman gave the project little encouragement, and indeed recom- 
mended that any moneys thus raised should be devoted to the maintenance 
and education of soldiers' orphans — as did General Thomas, when a similar 
proposition was made in regard to a testimonial to himself. Still, the move- 
ment in belialf of Sherman went on, and was still in progress when these 
pages went to press. The following return from a single regiment shows the 
favor with which it was reirarded bv those who marched down to the sea : 



460 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

IIeAD-QttARTERS ElGIITY-FIIiST O. Y. I., ) 

WooDLAWN, Ky., June 21, 18G5. \ 

Brigadier- General V>. Wood, Trustee for Shermnn^s Testimonial Fund: 

General: — I liave tlio lionor to submit the following report of the amount subscribed 
and paid : 

Fiekl and staff officers $25 00 

Other officers 12 00 

Officers and men of Company A 28 00 

" " " 15 71 50 

" " •■ C 50 00 

" " " D 32 00 

" " " E 106 00 

" " " F 23 00 

" " " G 23 00 

" " " II..... 73 00 

" " " 1 20 00 

" " " K 31 00 

$500 50 
I am your obedient servant, 

W.M. II. Ihi.i,, 
Lieutenant- Colonel f,\d 0. V. /., Trustee for Regiment. 

The erection of monuments to fallen soldiers may be mentioned in this 
connection. The Si.xth Army Corps had collected $10,000 for a statue of 
General Sedgwick before peace was secured, and forwarded a duly executed 
contract from Burkesville to the sculptor of their choice, Mr. Launt Thomp- 
son, of New York. One contribution to this work was an unwilling — nay, 
a compulsory — one, that of the bronze, which was furnished by the Southern 
Confederacy, in the form of cannon. Other artists throughout the country 
arc at work upon similar orders. 



CHAPTER XIX. 

Miscellanies: Yakious Methods of Procuring Means, and Yakious 
Methods of Apflying Them. 




WOMEN WUKKING IN TIIK *ltLU. 



The women of the country — and especially those of the northwestern por- 
tion — have rendered other services than those we have chronicled; the battle- 
field is not the only field in which they have wrought, bearing the heat ami 
burden of the day. The wife who, in the summer of 1861, wrote the follow- 
ing lines, doubtless kept her promise, or, if not, thousands kejit it for her: 



Don't stop a moment to think, John. 

Your country calls, tlieu go ; 
Don't think of me or the children, .John, 

I '11 ciire for them, you know. 
Leave the corn upon the stalks, John, 

Potatoes in the hill ; 



And the ]nnnpkins on the vines, Joliii. 

I '11 gather them with a will. 
So take your gun and f;o, John, 

Take your gnn and go. 
For Ruth can drive the oxen. John, 

And I can use the hoe. 



462 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Women in the field were no unusual sight in 1862 : Mrs. Jane Arbicht, 
seventy years of age, living in Hancock County, Indiana, having sent two 
sons to the army, sowed ten acres of wheat with her own hands. The next 
year — the absorption of men by the army having constantly increased — large 
tracts of country were almost exclusively tilled by women. Mrs. Livermore 
has given us an account of her experience and conversation in the midst of 
scenes thus cultivated: "We found women everywhere in the field," she 
writes, "driving the reapers, and binding, shocking, and loading the grain — an 
unusual sight to our eyes. At first we were displeased with it, and turned away 
in aversion. By-and-by, we came to observe how skilfully they drove the horses 
around and around the wheatfield, diminishing more and more its periphery 
at every circuit, the glittering blades of the reaper cutting wide swathes with 
a crisp, crunching sound, that it was pleasant to hear. Then, also, we saw 
that when they followed the reapers, binding and shocking, although they did 
not keep up with the men, yet their work was done with more precision and 
nicety, and tiie sheaves had an artistic finish that the otiiers lacked. So we 
said to ourselves, ' They are worthy women, and deserve praise ; their husbands 
are probably too poor to hire help, and so like the help-meets God designed 
them to be, they have girt themselves to the woi'k of men, and are doing it 
famously. Good wives ! good women !' 

" 'And so you are helping to gather the harvest,' we said to a woman of 
forty-five, who sat on the reaper to drive, as she stopped her horses for a brief 
rest. 

" 'Yes, ma'am,' she replied ; 'the men have all gone to the war, so that my 
man can't hire helja, and I told my girls we must turn to, and give him a lift 
with the harvestin'.' 

'■ ' Have you sons in the army ?' 

" 'Yes, ma'am,' and a shadow fell over the motherly face: 'all three of 
them 'listed, and Neddy, the youngest, was killed at Stone River, the last day 
of last year. We've money enough to hire hel]), if it could be had, and my 
man don't like for me and the girls to be workin' out o' doors ; but there don't 
seem no help for it now.' 

"We stepped over where the girls were binding the fallen grain, and said 
to one : 

" ' Well, it seems that you. like vour motlier, are not afraid to lend a hand at 
the harvesting?' 

" ' No, we're willing to help out doors in these times. My three brothers are 
in the army, my cousins, and most of the men we used to hire — so that there 



WOMEN IN TUE WIIEATFIELD. 463 

is no help to be got but -women's, and the crops must be got in, you know, all 
the same.' 

" ' I tell mother,' said another of the girls, ' as long as the country can't 
get along without grain, nor the army fight without food, that we're serving 
the country jtist as much here in the harvest-field as our boys are in the battle- 
field, anil that sort o' takes tlie edge off from this business of doing men's 
work, you know ;' and a hearty laugh followed this statement. 

" Another was the wife of one of the soldier sons, with a three-year-old boy 
toddling beside her, and tumbling among the sheaves. From her came the 
same hearty assent to this new work which the strait of the country had im- 
posed upon her; and she added, with a kind of homely pride, that 'she was 
considered as good a binder as a man, and could keep up with the best of 'em. 
For my part, I am willing to do any thing to lielp along in these war times.' 

"Now we saw things with different eyes. No longer were the women of 
the harvest-field an unwelcome sight. Patriotism inspired them to the 
unusual work, and each brown, hard-handed, toiling woman was a heroine. 
Their Imsbands and sons had left the plough in the furrow, at the anguished 
call of the country, and these noble women had loyally bidden them God- 
speed ; without weak murmuring or complaint had put their own shoulders 
to the hard, rough farm- work, feeling that thus they also served the common 
cause. All honor to the farmers' wives and daughters of the great North- 
west! Many women have done virtuously, but these excel them all." 

Another metliod of aiding the cause was invented in Austin, Nevada Ter- 
ritory ; and the description of this method is the history of the now famous 
Sanitary Sack of Nevada Flour. This is as follows : 

In April, 1804, Mr. 11. C. Gridley, of the firm of Gridley, Hobart & Jacobs, 
of Austin, and Dr. Herrick, an officer of the county, laid a wager on tlie result 
of a local election. The conditions were, that Dr. Herrick, were he the loser, 
should carry a twenty-pound sack of flour through Main Street, fi'om the First 
Ward, Clifton, to the Fourth Ward, Upper Austin — a distance of about a mile 
and a cpiarter — marching to the air of Dixie; and that Mr. Gridley, in the 
event of losing, should carry the flour from Upper Austin to Clifton, marching 
to the tune of Old John Brown. Mr. Gridley lost, and, on the 20th of April, 
paid his debt. The people assembled about his store. Mr. Gridley appeared 
with the sack of flour trimmed with ribbons and flags. A procession was 
formed, in the following order : thirty-six men on horseback, headed b}' the 
city officials elect; then ten musicians on foot; then Dr. Herrick, carrying Mr. 
Gridley 's hat and cane ; then Mr. Gridley, bearing the sack, accompanied by 



464 



TUE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



his son, a boy of thirteen, carrying a flag of appropriate dimensions ; then the 
Democratic Central Committee, two of them with flags, one of them carrying 
a huge sponge aloft upon a pole, and another a new broom ; then citizens, then 
boys. The spectators cheered, the mill-whistles screeched, the band played, 
and the hills eelioeil back the strains of John Brown's March. The brilliant 
cortege reached Clifton ; and as many of the crowd as could obtain entrance 
followed the princijjals into a convenient tap-room, where the ceremonies of 
confessing defeat were performed. The flour was delivered to the winner of 




TUK I'ROOK^SlnN (iK Til K BANITAUY SACK 



the wager ; the flag was surrendered ; the broom was given up, in recognition 
of the fact that a political party in Austin had been swept away as with a 
besom. Speeches were made, and the legitimate business of the tap-room was 
for a time exceedingly brisk. The procession then returned to Upjier Austin, 
Mr. Gridley no longer an humble pedestrian, executing a painful duty, but 
mounted upon a mettlesome charger, triumphant, discharged of his debt. 
The proprietors of another well-known tap invited the crowd within their 
hospitable walls, to partake of what was on the board, or might be placed 
there. 

Now this was a pleasant, harmless jest ; and here, doubtless, those who 



THE SANITARY SACK IX AUSTIN. 465 

originated it, supposed it would end. Had tliey been told, as tliey were 
tramping towards Clifton, tLat their merry-making W'ould in any way benefit 
the cause of the sick and wounded soldiers, that their ordinary sack of 
humdrum flour would one day bring into the coffers of beneficence say 
$10,000 in gold, they would have scouted the foolish prophecy. What 
would they have thought, then, could they have known that those twenty 
pounds of Austin wheat were to be worth to the Sanitary Commission on the 
Pacific coast alone, $63,000 in gold ? This fact, for it was one soon, was thus 
brought about : 

A stand was erected, and the now illustrious sack was placed upon it. 
Mr. Gridley made a few remarks, offered $200 for the burden lateh' borne 
upon his shoulders, the money to go to the sanitary fund. Mr. T. B. Wade 
then took the stand as an auctioneer, and launched the flour upon that sea 
of farinaceous popularity, on the yesty waves of which it has hardly yet done 
tossing. Mr. M. J. Noyes took the bag at $350, paying the money and 
returning the bag. It was sold again, and again, and yet again — the buyer 
in each case producing the purchase-money, but declining the purchase. 
Mr. Buel, the defeated candidate for mayor, who, for some unexplained reason, 
was out of gold, offered a certificate of indebtedness of the United States 
Indian Department, for $1,115 ; but as this, when cashed, would be but paper 
still, the bid, in spite of its liberality, was ruthlessly rejected. Such is the 
callousness produced upon the Austin soul, by a too constant metallic fric- 
tion. The offers in silver and gold went on ; the auctioneer, whose eloquence 
had already been surj)assing, now swayed the auditory as it were a cornfield 
stricken by the gale. His tongue was tipped with honey, his fingers seemed 
touched with birdlime. He who listened was lost, and he who bid paid the 
amount of the bid. This is a Pacific coast way of doing things ; our Eastern 
auctions, where only the winner pays, are spiritless in comparison. 

When the buyers had relieved themselves of the eagles and double-eagles 

which they happened to have about them, combinations of small change were 

made, and very respectable offers were aggregated in this way. Then the 

spirit of class was brought into play — the merchants seeking to outbid the 

mill-owners, the miners resolved not to be beaten by the landlords. When 

coin had entirely disappeared, and all portable evidences of value had been 

swallowed up in the whirlpbol, somebody bid a town lot. This was only 

accepted, because a monopolist of real estate, who happened to be present, 

offered to purchase the lot, and produce the gold on the morrow. Bids of 

stocks and scrip, not easily converted into monov, were rejected, to the value 
30 



466 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



of many tbousands. When tlie sale was closed, the bid.s in the aggregate were 
over $4,000, with accepted offers from Mr. Buel of a block of lots in Water- 
town, and of another block from Mr. Jefferson Work. The procession was 
re-formed, the band again awoke the echoes, and the pleasures of the day ended 
with a serenade to Mr. Gridley, the hero of Upper Austin. 

About three weeks afterwards, it was proposed that the Sanitary Sack 
should be taken to Gold Hill, and be sold several times more. On the 16th 
of May, therefore, a proper escort being obtained, the bag was conveyed to 
Gold Hill. A halt was called in front of Maynard's Bank. Mr. Fitch made 
a few explanatory remarks, and Marshal Samuel Arnold began operations as 
auctioneer. He first bought the bag himself for $300, then gave it back, and 
began again. The offers now went on as follows, each bid of magnitude 
eliciting thunderous cheering from the elite of the city: 



Samuel Arnold 

Belclier Comiiany 

J. W. Flood 

Eureka Mill Co 

Anthony Fox 

Samuel Hy att 

Judge Robinson 

Bank Exchange , 

Challenge Mining Co 

Douglass Mill 

Charles II. Van Gonlei- 

n. C. Blanchard 

Consolidation Mining Co 

C. H. Beckwith 

George J. Burnett 

Wm. Britton, one font of Mary 
Ann stock, which I). K. Korn 
bought at 

Yellow Jacket Co 

A. O. Sanborn 

Charles Gluey 

New Oregon Mining Co 

Succor Mill Co 

Wright's Gift Entertaiiunent 

Sacramento Mill 

Employees of Yellow Jacket Co.. 

Trustees for Town of Gold Hill. . . 

Barney Levison 

Gold Hill Xews 

George Ayleswortli 

J. Bolburn 

Edward Norton 

Bittner & Skerritt 



$300 00 

DOO 00 

2.50 00 

200 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

50 00 

.50 00 

200 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

50 00 

50 00 



To 00 

500 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

100 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 

50 00 



Jewett & Sheppard Co 

Pride of America Co 

C. H. Beckwith 

Korn Brothers 

J. W. Carrick 

Employees Consolidated Co. No. 1 

Gold Hill Hook and Ladder Co. . . 

Prall & Brown 

Employees Consolidated Co. (sec- 
ond bid) 

Robert Carson 

Five Gold Hill policemen 

J. Gashwiler 

S. B. Ware 

Employees of Blanchard, Hardy & 
Van (ioi'der 

Wildey Lodge No. 1, I. O. O. F. . 

San Francisco Restaurant 

Mrs. John H. Milks 

Silver Star Masonic Lodge 

Chas. H. Fish, old-fashioned gold 
shig, worth 

Wm. Beegan 

Mrs. E. R. Burke 

Samuel Arnold 

G. A. Hart 

S. H. Marlette 

Crocker & Co 

Dinsmore & Ayleswortli 

Wni. Denise 

Federal House 

W. W. Hull 

A. Hawkins 



$30 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


V5 


00 


20 


00 


ino 


00 


] I in 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


50 


00 


25 


00 


25 


00 


25 


00 


25 


00 


25 


00 


25 


00 


25 


00 


50 


00 


20 


00 


10 


00 


10 


00 



THE SANITARY SACK IN SILVER CITY. 467 

Thos. Fitch boiiglit tlio gold shig Mrs. Minnie Hyatt $25 00 

bid by Fish, at an advance of . . $10 00 (N. A. II. Ball and .Samncl Hyatt 

(The announcement was made liei-e were here appointed to pass 

that Gold Hill liad distanced ronnd the hat.) 

Austin, and taken the flonr. Mr. II. C. (iridley 20 00 

Gridley mounted tlie rostrum, Sanuiel Hyatt 50 00 

and threw up tlie sponge, ac- Cash collected in the Iiat 50 00 

cording to promise.) All others 357 00 

Master Howard Lee 5 00 l!id in Virginia City ]iroviously for 

Master Amos Gridley 10 Oo (iold Hill: 

Capt. McClary 10 (ii i A. B. Paul 

S. W. Chubbuck 10 nil N. A. H. Ball 

W. W. Bishop 10 00 W.C.Duval 

Miss Belle Arnold 10 00 W. H. Beegan 

J. D. Campbell 20 00 J. y. Inder 

James Jeffrey 20 00 

Gold Hill's total bid fur the sack $i;,0H2 00 

Not content with this, and knowing that at a spot further on, called Silver 
City, there was more gold to be had, the speakers, the music, the carriages, 
and the sack, proceeded to that place. Here rain was falling, and the people 
were generally absent at work. Nevertheless, Mr. Fitch addressed those who 
tad gathered at the call of the music, and Messrs. Reese and Arnold assumed 
the traditional hammer. The offers, and, of course, the payments, were as 
follows : 



150 


00 


25 


00 


25 


00 


20 


GO 


20 


00 



N. P.Sheldon 


$120 00 


H. M. Steele 

J. Martin Reese . 


$20 00 

'^0 00 


John H. Greer 


... . 100 00 


Mvrick & Munctoii 


100 00 


X. C. Hackett 

R. C. Buzan 


20 00 


J. S. Dillev 


100 00 


20 00 




50 00 


Mr. McDuffy 

Master J. Dilley 

N. A. Keefee 

Geo. Crandell 

Mrs. Eliza Elliott 


20 00 


W. B. Hiokok 

Blum & Co 

Barney McDuffy 


50 00 

50 00 

30 00 

30 00 


25 00 

25 00 

10 00 

. . . 40 00 


Mrs. John W. Greer 


40 00 


Klein A- Boub 


25 00 



It is proper to add that Mrs. Eliza Elliott did not bid, but gave the sum 
opposite her name. She was not present at the sale, being pro^jrietress of the 
old stone hotel, the Sierra Nevada, a little out of town, and being engaged at 
home. Besides her gift of $40, she dispensed certain creature comforts 
over her counter. These, however, did not in any way benefit the sanitary 
fund, and it is not probable that they were of advantage to the sanitary cau.se. 
Messrs. Klein & Boub, also, were hospitable as well as generous. 

The procession — designated in the local chronicles as the Army of the Lord 
— reached the city of Dayton at four P. M. Judge Haydon, who, we are 



468 



TUE TIIIBUTE BOOK 



told, " has not his equal as an auctioneer in this or any other country," stood 
up in the rain, and made sales as follows : 

Capt. John Day $100 



IlarruLi & Co 

F. Birdsall 

A. W. Russell 

J. P. Bause 

Meyer & Co 

Ilarley Fay (Coino) 

Dan Kemlrick 

W. T. Ilariied 

M. J. Ik-iiley 

Overlaiul Saloon 

Frank Kennedy 

William Gates 

Master James Mark well. 

'• James Dilley . . . 

Ben Ilazeltine 



.100 00 


Jndf^e Ilaydon 


§25 00 


100 00 


Jndge llaydon also gave his hat, 




125 00 


and bought it back at 


10 00 


50 00 


Hardy, Blanchard ifc Van Gorder 


50 00 


50 00 


N P. Sheldon 


50 00 


50 00 


L. P. Howard & Co 


50 00 


50 00 


"William Gates (second bid) 


35 00 


50 00 


Mr. Dalzell 


SO 00 


40 00 


All other bids 


207 50 


25 00 


To tliis sum should be added 




25 00 


S600, which Messrs. Kennedy 




25 00 


and Russell were authorized to 




25 00 


and did subscribe for certain 




25 00 




noo GO 


25 00 








25 00 


Total in Davton SI 


,S-iT 50 



Tlie Army of the Lord stopped again at Silver City, on its way home. 
Here they learned that, during their absence at Dayton, a large bug, which 
had been captured in the act of crawling upon a man's leg, had been sold at 
auction for $10 ; and that a man who had spoken disrespectfully of the bug 
had been well thrashed for it. This remarkable incident started the bidding 
asrain. and the sack was sold several times more, as follows : 



Jo. Trencli $100 00 

Silver City Ciuard 

Charles Sherman 

John Briggs 

Employees of French's Mills. . . 

David Hastings 

Caspar Ilojip 

John W. Greer 

R. T. Mullett 



!Mr. Garten. 



50 00 
20 00 
fiO 00 
40 00 
40 00 
10 00 
10 00 
10 00 



A. W. Atkins 

Capt. Terry 

Member of Silver City Guanls. 

C. V. Boisot 

M. Goldsticker 

Capt. Uzney 

James Kennedy 

J. II. B. Foster 



|10 00 
10 00 
10 00 
10 00 
10 00 
20 00 
25 00 
25 00 
20 00 



The total bid of Silver City, at the two sittings, was thus $1,375. 

Supplementary bidding had in the mean time been going on at Gold Ilill, 
increasing the total offer of that place to $6,750. 

Tiie army now moved upon the works of Virginia City, enveloped and 
took them by storm. It was here proposed, as a novelty, to sell the flour by 
auction for the benefit of the sanitary fund! Mr. Bonner, superintendent, and 
the employees of the Gould and Curry Mines, ''raised Austin out of her boots 
with one magnificent bid of $3,500. The cheering was not altogether light." 
Other liids were : 



THE SACK AT SACRAMENTO. 



4G!J 



Potnsi Silver Mining Cciniiiaiiy. . $5.j0 00 
Cliollar '■ •■ •' . . 500 00 
Empire Mill and Mining Co 500 00 



Stewart it rmldwin 


$500 00 


Land & Brother 


.... 500 00 


All other bids 


0,945 00 



Total !f;l'2,!l'J5 00 

Besides a vast amount of mining stock and a handsome double-barrelled gun ! 

The sack was soon after sold at Sacramento, where $2,500 were realized. 

and reached San Francisco towards the end of May. Mr. Gridley at this time 




.NEVADA 6«'E.\Er.Y. 



received a letter from Dr. Bellows, then in California, in which were the fol- 
lowing passages: "The history of your sack of flour is undoubtedly more 
interesting and peculiar than that of any sack recorded, short of the sack of 
Troy, and it would take another Homer to write it. I rejoice that j-ou do not 

have to carry on your shoulders all the money it has made By- 

the-way, Nevada flour seems to rise without yeast. Is there any connection 
between 'Grid' — an affectionate title I hear used in addressing you — and 
griddle-cakes? And are they made of your flour? Jesting apart, allow me 
to congratulate you and your associates upon your splendid success in our 



470 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

common cause. If it goes no further, it will make Reese River and Nevada 
Territory shining parts of the history of our sanitary fund on the Pacific."' 

On the evening of the 2Sth of May, a large audience was assembled at the 
Metropolitan Theatre, San Francisco. The regular performance consisted of 
the comedy of '• Love and Champagne " and a recitation of Drake's " Ode to the 
American Flag," with an irregular episode in the form of a sale by auction of 
the Gridley-IIerrick bale of iiour. At the conclusion of the first part Mr. 
Charles L. Wiggin made a few remarks, in the course of which he said that 
the entertainment which was to follow had won golden opinions from all who 
had witnessed it; that though but a sack of flcmr, innumeraljle jjoultices could 
be made from it ; that when the very last bidder should have made his very 
last offer, it was the intention of Mr. Gridley to make the sack up into 
"batter" cakes, and bombard the walls of rebellious Richmond with a block- 
ade of apple-dumjDlings. Mr. Wiggin would introduce that well-known citizen, 
Jerome Rice, who had so fir overcome his native modesty as to agree to act 
as auctioneer. Jerome, the auctioneer, had consented for once to enact the 
part of Jerome, the martyr. "Let us, then, second his efforts, and make such 
a demonstration to-night as, when the story shall have flashed across the wires, 
shall cause the invocation to rise, as it has a thousand times before, to heaven, 
from wounded and suffering soldiers, of God bless California, the Soldiers' 
Friend." 

The Rice-flour was now offered for sale. Messrs. Grover, Baker k Co., of 
sewing-machine fame, put in the liberal bid of $625, the largest made during 
the evening. The next bid, $500, was from the manager and company of the 
Metropolitan Theatre. The proposals then proceeded as follows 

C. P. ToUor $100 00 J. Willunns $20 00 

J. S. Book 100 00 n. I). Felton 10 00 

Union Guiinl 100 00 J. McWilliams 20 00 

Fire Depai-tment 100 00 W. J. Farwell 50 00 

J. F. Greennian 100 00 Mrs. Hunt 10 00 

S. Prieto .30 00 L. J. Ewing 20 00 

J. F. Taylor 200 00 F. W. E.iton 10 00 

J. D. Forrest 20 00 E. C. Carleton 50 00 

Mrs. E. F. Stewart 20 00 C. P. Dnane 25 00 

W. E. Roberts 10 00 J. Martenstein 50 00 

G. W. Martin 10 00 

Total , $2,180 00 

The sale of the flour being concluded, the auctioneer announced that 
Major Stratman had placed in his hands a controller's warrant, being value 



THE SACK IN VIRGINIA CITY. 471 

for $62.89, whicli he would dispose of in tlie same way as the sanitary sack. 
The sale commeiiced, amid deafening calls and cheers for the major, as follows . 

W. B. Farwcll $f>2 00 J. Ward Eaton $02 00 

W. M. Uifkson 02 00 D. L. Riddle (53 00 

0. Koopiiians 02 00 Mr. Lyon 03 00 

N. P. Pei-hine 02 00 

Total !?430 00 

The last bidder, Mr. Lyon, who was a brewer and maltster, apparently 
enjoyed a vast popularity, for at the mention of his name a deafening uproar 
arose, whicli for a time put a stop to all proceedings upon the stage. To 
break the monotony of this clamor, in his particular neighborhood at least, a 
gentleman drew from his pocket two Treasury notes, each of the value of $10, 
and proposed a sale. There were four bidders, as follows : 

George Hayward $15 00 J. Hardy $5 00 

Dr. Tozer 70 00 -James C. Patriek 20 00 



Total $110 00 

One more episode, and the benevolent diversions of the evening were 
brought to a close. Mr. Duane mentioned to the audience that a young man, 
a mere boy, who had been a drummer in the Ninth New York Militia, and had 
lost a lesr at Fredericksburg, was behind the scenes. His name was William 
Hawkins, and he was anxious to obtain the means of purchasing a cork leg. 
William Hawkins was immediately called for, and soon appeared; the enthu- 
siasm and sympathy knew no bounds ; the multitude rocked and tossed with 
emotion; the air was rent with Californian thunder. Unluckily, the audience 
had no gold left; nothing remained but silver, and that half-dollars: and so it 
very soon began to hail. When the shower subsided, and Mr. Hawkins could 
count his gains, he found himself the better by $146. Here the proceedings 
ended; the army, either in the person of the drummer-boy, or represented by 
the Sanitary Commission, had been made the beneficiary of the snug sum, 
even on the gold coast, of $2,872 — in coin, of course. 

In the mean time, friends of the cause had been selling the absent sack 
several scores of times more in Virginia City, and throughout the silver dis- 
trict of Washoe. Though lost to sight, to memory dear it certainly was, for 
it brought more money to the treasury when travelling in California than 
while it remained at home in Nevada. The receipts in Washoe reached the 



472 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



marvellous sum of $22,000, besides those we have already mentioned ; so that 
when the sack embarked at San Francisco for the Atlantic States, its credit 
account was just $63,000 in coin, and it owned three blocks of lots in Austin, 
worth $7,000, and a house and lot in Dayton ; all sums realized having been 
paid over to the local treasuries of the commission. It reached New York in 
January, 1865, accompanied by Mr. Gridley; attended by him also it started 
for the West soon afterwards, and under his auspices was oflered for sale at 
St. Louis. Manners and customs do not bear transplanting, however, espe- 
cially when they are very peculiar, and Missouri did not altogether appreciate 
the idea introduced from Nevada. Nevertheless, some $4,000 were added to 
the fund, but these dollars were greenbacks, not yellow-boys. 

We have not yet done with the Pacific Coast. Marysville, in California, 
was holding a sanitary fair, and a small boy, bearing a chicken in his arms, 
presented himself at the door, seeking admission for 
himself and his charge. The chicken was decorated 
with streamers of red, white, and blue — decked for the 
slaughter, for the boy had brought it, he said, to be 
made into broth for some sick soldier. He had no 
money to pay for a ticket, and the man at the door, 
sternly pointing at a placard making discourteous 
reference to a free-list, ruthlessly repulsed him. He 
went away, weeping and caressing his chicken ; a gen- 
tleman asked the cause of his grief, heard his story, 
bought him a ticket, and made the incident known to 
the visitors within. The simplicity of the child, the 
beauty of tlie chicken, and the sympathy of the wit- 
nesses, all tended one way : there was but one issue possible out of such a 
strait, and that was an auction, after the Gridlian process. The chicken was 
placed upon the block, and the sacrifice commenced ; the hammer of the 
executioner was not stayed till this bc-ril)boned spring chicken, weighing per- 
haps a pound, feathers, beak, claws, and all, and containing the material for 
a scant bowl-full of broth, was sold to various bidders — purchasers all — for 
$460, in American gold. To have boiled this chicken into broth would have 
been to kill the goose with the golden eggs over again. Her life was spared, 
and the last Pacific mail that contained any reference to her at all, stated that 
she was comfortably settled in a sitting posture, and was expected to remain 
so for three weeks. Several omelettes had been lost, but nine more chickens 
were confidently expected. 




THE UOLPEN OnirKEN UK 
MARVteVILLE. 



PACIFIC AND ATLANTIC METHODS. 473 

We conclude tliese brief references to Californiau methods witli two 
extracts from San Francisco telegrams to the Associated Atlantic Press : '■ The 
sums collected throughout the state, at the recent election, for the Sanitary 
Commission, in boxes placed at the pulls, amounted to §14,500."' '■ Heavy 
subscriptions to the sanitary fund, accompanied by harmless earthquakes." 
Favored region, where the good deeds of the inhabitants convulse the soil ! 
Not enough, indeed, to rend the earth and topjile cities into the chasms, but 
just sufficiently to punctuate the subscriptions and round off the thousands. 

Some of our Eastern methods of serving the country, nevertheless, are not 
altogether despicable, though nature has never seemed to notice any of them 
particularly, unless a severe thunder-storm during a meeting to stimulate 
recruiting in Jefterson may be considered an instance. The heavens paid no 
attention to the establishment of a Soldiers' Widows' Wood Society, in Port- 
land, Maine, nor to its accumulation of a fund of S7,000. The moon looked 
serenely down upon the after-dark labors of the Sawbuck Eangers of Bavaria, 
Ohio — a knot of boys too young to go to the war, but old enough to saw 
hickory logs for the wives of those who had gone. The thermometer stood 
unflinchingly at zero, when the merchants of New Haven sent five hundred 
pairs of mittens to a benumbed regiment at Brandy Station. There was a 
January thaw, precisely as usual, when a certain physician of Spi'ingfield, 
Massachusetts, sent in his receipted bill for §50 to a soldier's widow who hail 
not paid him a cent, '' in consideration of the services rendered to his country 
by her lamented husband." The sun shone no brighter on the harvest of that 
fine old Hummelstown farmer, who threw open his granaries to the families 
of all enlisting men in Derry township. The air was not rent with applaud- 
ing thunders when ninety-three wagon-loads of soldiers' wood entered the 
Illinois town of Springfield. The stars did not start from their spheres when 
the man with five nephews promised them $5,000 each if they would re-enlist, 
which they every one of them did. The clouds did not gatlier, neither did 
thej- disperse, when, in June, 1865, Mr. Vincent Colyer was enabled, by good 
people in New York, to give returning regiments a feast of cherries and straw- 
berries, with every now and then a cluster of bananas or a barrel of apples. 
Nor — to put the indifference of the skies, in the Atlantic regions, in the 
strongest light — did an impending shower withhold its waters from the hay- 
field of a soldier's wife, in Windham County, Connecticut, when twenty 
farmers turned out one Sunday to get it in for her. And yet this woman 
had a husband in the hospital, and six children at home ! 

We must mention, in this connection, an attempt to introduce the sanitary 



474 



TUE TUIBUTE BOOK. 




boLDltlt 6 U It fc. 



auction into Maine. The ladies of Calais, having, by dint of energy and per- 
suasion, succeeded in procuring the erection of a new town-hall, and the said 
municipal edifice, on its completion, requiring, of course, certain ceremonies 
of inauguration, it was thought that the interest of the townspeople in 
the finished structure migiit be turned to the advantage of the soldiers 
and their families. So an entertainment was provided, and the citizens were 
bidden to the feast. Now Dr. 0. W. Holmes had been asked to contribute 
something in his way — a poem, an ode, a sonnet — which might be sung or 
spoken, and thus aid in bringing the crowd, and satisfying it when brought. 
But Dr. Holmes, seeing no reason why he should comply with a request from 
Calais which lie had been obliged to deny when it came from Dover — and 
other places — excused himself, and sent instead two copies of his published 
poems, with his autograph in each. As the device of sanitary auctioneering 
had never been tried in Calais, and as an ojjportunity was now presented, it 
was resolved to profit by it. The block was erected in view of the assembled 



k 



THE KEARNY CROSS. 



473 



multitude, the volumes were jjlaced upon it, witli tlie hammer of Damocles 
suspended over tbem. No less a sum than $"2()5 was paid for the books the 
first niglit. The purchaser, having no use for duplicates, returned one copy, 
which was sold at a second performance, given for the benefit of tlie hall. 
Tlie old lady who offered Tarquin nine books at a certain price, and after- 
wards charged him as much for three of them, has been beaten l)y the auction- 
eer of Calais; for he received more for one than for two. Tlie duplicate 
volume was sold twice — once for $180, and again for $50. The Doctor's letter 
was next brought to tlic block, and sold for $20 ; and an original composition 
by a young lady of the society, when subjected to the same test, was found 
to be worth half as much. A complete set of Cooper's Works was next 
offered. This was not that series of charming talcs which the reader natu- 
rally supposes it to have been, but half a dozen miniature cedar-wood pails, 
pink and white in streaks, neatly fitted with handles of brass. These were 
found to be worth twenty times as much at auction as at retail. Altogether, 
the soldiers' cause was t!ie better by $575 for the opening of the new town- 
hall, and the playing of that inspiring game sometimes called " Who speaks 
last ?"' 

Civilians, wliosc store had been blessed by Providence, might promote the 
efficiency of the army, not only by filling its 
ranks, but by stimulating its zeal. And this has 
been done by many ; and first, perhaps, in the 
method we now refer to, by Mr. George Bullock, 
of Philadelphia. While the Army of the Poto- 
mac was opposite Fredericksburg, General Birney, 
anxious to reward those of his division who had 
performed conspicuous acts of gallantry, and to 
stimulate the ardor of the whole command, or- 
dered fifteen hundred Kearny Crosses to be 
sti'uck, the expense to be borne by himself and 
his officers. Mr. Bullock paid the bill, without 
the knowledge of General Birney. The latter, 
hearing of the occurrence, assented to the new 
arrangement, on condition that Mr. Bullock 
sliiiuld be present at the presentation. This 
took place at division head-quarters, the com- 
mand being drawn up in hollow square. Gen- '"'" "''-■"■'■'' ''''"^'*- 
erals Meade, Birney, and Sickles, with their staffs, occupying the centre. 




476 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

The ceremonial was brief: speeches by Generals Sickles and Birney, the 
presentation, music ; the whole being watched with intense interest by a few 
ladies, who had been attracted from home by a generous sympathy with 
brave deeds. lu February, 186-i, Mr. Bullock supplied the division with 
mittens, seventy-five hundred pairs being required for the purpose ; and has, 
in many ways, direct and indirect, given aid and succor to the soldier. Few. 
perhaps none, have done more. 

Aid has been largely rendered to the families of volunteers, by the trades, 
associations, or bodies to wliich the enlisting men previously belonged. Oat 
of hundreds of instances of this we give t\v<.) — the Metropolitan Police Fund 
of New York, and the Fort Pitt Relief Association of Pittsburgh. 

By the close of April, 1861, quite a number of the policemen of New York 
had resigned, to take service in the army, and many others were willing to do 
so, if provision could be made for their families. Early in May, a meeting 
of representatives from the various precincts was held, and a relief association 
was formed, with the following officers : 

Prcsidcn t, Vice- PresUhn t, 

IxsPECToi! Cakpextei;. Capt. Geo. W. Walling. 

Secretary, TreuHurer, 

Serheaxt James A. Luca.i. Jons G. Bergen. 

ITxectitirc Conimlltee, 
Capt. Wallixg, Seeoeaxt Clakk Knapp, I'atp.olman Francis F. Mann. 

A resolution was passed, assessing the members of the force according to 
their rank, in monthly sums — the fund thus collected to be jjaid by the treas- 
urer, under advisement of the executive committee, to the families of the 
police volunteers. This assessment has been promptly and cheerfully met, by 
every officer and man in the force, with tlic exception of one precinct, which 
has not contributed. Forty or fifty dollars a month were at first paid to each 
family, whether its head were a private or held a commission. As the num- 
ber of enlistments increased, it was decided to make no payments to the fam- 
ilies of officers; and the sums to be paid, during the war, to the families of 
privates, were permanently fixed as follows : If the volunteer were married, 
his wife shoiild receive $20 a month, and every child under sixteen yeaxs of 
age, $3 a month ; if not married, all fathers, mothers, or sisters, solely de- 
pendent upon him for support, should receive $15 a month. The force pledged 
themselves to continue this provision, as long as one single member of their 



TUE METROPOLITAN TOLICE FUND. 



477 




fiUCSCBIUKKS TO THE FUND VOll THE RELIEF OF FAMILIES OF POLICE VOLUNTEEKs. 



body remained in the armies of the country. Forty-five families were at one 
time upon the pay-rolls, two or tlirec receiving $35 a month, the others rang- 
ing from $23 to $29. The monthly amount collected has been from $800 
to $1,000, and the whole amount contributed by the force somewliat over 
$40,000. Besides this, the contribution of the police to the Metropolitan 
Fair was, as has been stated, nearly $5,000. A donation of lemons to the 
army, in the summer of 1863, cost them $1,000 ; and the bringing home and 
interment of the bodies of their f dlen comrades, some $400 more. Such is 
the honorable record of the Metropolitan Police. Such may be anywhere the 
result of the mingling of the spirit of patriotism with — we have no adequate 
English expression — the esprit du corps. 

Late in the year 1862, the members and employees of the Fort Pitt Foun- 
dry of Pittsburgh drew up and signed articles of association, of which the 
following is a copy : 

" We, the undersigned, members and employees of the Fort Pitt Foundry, 
do hereby contribute the proportion of labor or work, in money, below men- 
tioned, for the support of the families who have left, or may hereafter leave, 
these works to join the army. 

"This fund to be kept up during the war, and to be distributed by a com- 
mittee of five, one from each — the ofiice, foundry, boring-mill, pattern-shop, 



478 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

and cliipping aLd machine shops. The committee to be appointed, and 
vacancies to be filled, by the members of the different departments; and 
members of the committee do hereby pledge themselves to a faithful perform- 
ance of their duties." 

COMMITTEE. 
President. Vice-President, 

Wm. Metcalf, Office. Jos. M. Knap. 

Treasurer, Secretary, 

O. Metcalf. W. B. M. Ewex, Pattern-shop. 

Cash ier, 
Jas. G. Knap. 

•John Cupples, Foundry. Roueut Dickso.v, Boring-mill. 

J. Hackendorx, Chipping and Macliine-sliojj. 

The sum to be contributed was at first fixed at the proceeds of two days' 
labor per month for each man in the oflice, and one day's labor per month 
for each working man. It was found, however, that under this arrangement 
funds accumulated too rapidly, and the amounts to be furnished were re- 
duced one half The association has raised on an average $250 a month, 
and not long ago supported the fiimilies of seventeen soldiers who had 
enlisted from the foundry, giving to each about $5 a week, and supplying 
them with coal during the winter. In case of sickness, the association fur- 
nished a physician and paid his bills. 

Some months since, the society had a balance on hand of $2,000, and 
this was increasing. In case of the death of a soldier, or total destitution 
of a soldier's family, a portion of this balance was placed at their disposal, 
usually in the form of a small capital, with which to start in business upon 
their own account. 

There are many as.sociations in the country similar to the Fort Pitt 
Relief Association. Experience has shown that there is no more ready means 
of raising a fund than that thus adopted ; and those who must receive their 
means of support from other hands than those of their lawful protectors, 
may take it with less hesitation from the comrades and fellow-workmen of 
their husbands and fathers, than from any other gi\-er. 

The association has received about $10,000 since its formation, two thirds 
of which have been disbursed, while the remainder is, or was recently, invested 
for future contingencies. 



TUE AMATEUR PERFORMANCE. 



479 




TW tM\-I.NClJ (ii:N. 



We may with propriety say here, that ^^zj^ pt---^- 

few liave done more, by voluntary contri- 
butions to the cause, than Mr. Knap, the 
proprietor of the foundry. On one occa- 
sion, a twenty -inch gun was placed on ex- I 
bibition in the sokliers' behalf, Mr. Knap Iti9l^"| 
engaging to give dollar for dollar. The }iub- 
lic contributed $500. and Mr. Knap as much. 

Having thus been led to resume the subject of relief to soldiers' families, 
we may properly refer to an amateur entertainment of unusual attraction, 
given in Cincinnati in February, 1865, for their benefit, being nothing less 
than the play of Hamlet enacted by amateurs, with an original prologue, 
written and spoken by T. Buchanan Read. The programme was skilfully 
composed to excite the public curiosity, and is given in the two first columns 
below ; the third column was published afterwards, to allay the curiositj so 
adroitly stimulated : 

Cl.audiu.'*, King of Denmark. An old county officer E. P. Cr.ancli. 

IliiMjlet Lieutenant-Governor of Ohio Lieut.-Gov. Cliiis. Anderson. 

„ , . (A frentlenian of the Treasury I)e- 

rolonuis ' 

) partnient 

Laertes A Kentucky hiwyer Oliver W. Root. 

Horatio A Pearl Street merchant M. J. Mack. 

Rosencrantz A popular architect James W. McLauirhlin. 

Guildenstern A late colonel of U. S. Volunteers. Col. N. Lord. 

Osric A hardware merchant Waldo C. Booth. 

Priest A tobacco merchant E. B. Ilinman. 

Mareellus A teacher in a public school James E. Sherwood. 

Bernardo An old army surgeon Dr. S. G. Menzies. 

Captain of Norway forces. .A captain of the U. S. Array Oapt. T. P. Anderson. 

Francisco A young merchant N. Heinsheimer. 

First Grave-Digger A prominent office-holder Enoch T. Carson. 

Second Grave-Digger A Treasury Department official . . .D. G. Barnitz. 

First Player A inanufacturer of tlje Ifith Ward. . T. R. Elliot. 

Second Pl.ayer An attorney and editor D. Thew Wright. 

Ghost of Hamlet's Fatlier. .A captain of the National Guard.. . Wm. Disney. 

Courtiens, Attendants, Assisting Priests, &c. : 

Ed. Davenport, Wm. P. Noble, Rowland Ellis, Jr., Col. W. Thomas, Henry Davis, Jno. 

Baker, Col. Thos. L. Young, Sam. R. Matthews, Jas. K. Wilson, Isaiah Davenport, Chas. 

R. Marshall, H. Shreve, Thos. N. Withenbury, Elisha Norton, and Jas. C. Root. 

The female characters were sustained by professional pcrformci-.*. This 
pleasant scheme for replenishing an impoverished treasury was brilliantly 
successful, some $7,000 being its direct pecuniary result. From Mr. Read's 
prologue we make the following extract : 



Oliver S. Lovel 



480 



THE TllIBUTE BOOK 



Our Soldiers" Families! Mark the glorious sight. 
For them the Swan of Avon sings to-niglit, — 
The eartli's great laureate, whose immortal skill 
Created worlds and peopled them at will ; 
Whoso wizard ^^•and, at one majestic swing, 
Could make a kingdom or dethrone a king — 
For them he bids the speotre-monareh rise, — 
For them tlie sw'eet Oplielia sings and dies, 
For tliem he asks a sovereign of our own, 
To leave to-night his magisterial throne. 
To lay aside awhile his genial vein, 
To look and think and be the melancholy Dane. 

Onr Soldiers' Families! For them here have come 
This generous audience, packed from pit to dome ; 
For them (would it were ■worthier) here I lay 
Upon their altar this, my light bou(piet. 
And if, perchance, tlieir kijidly eyes should view. 
Among tlie leaves, some random drops of dew. 
Believe them each the poet's loving tear, 
In secret shed beside some patriot's bier. 

[We desire liere to be permitted to introduce ;in episode, irrelevant enough. 
It is no part of our plan — of this the reader has been warned — to do justice or 
to offer tribute to those who have given their lives to the cause. Our subject 




fITZ JAMES U BBIEN. 



treats of those who have given of their means: the other is a distinct, and, 
certainly, a far nobler theme. But of one life, a desire to promote the render- 
ing of proper tribute to him who gave it, at another time and in another form, 
prompts us to speak. Fitz James O'Brien, an Irishman by birth, an American 
l.'V adoption, a [loet bv grace, a soldier by nature, fell early in the war against 



THE COUNTERSIGN. 



481 



the reljellion, not, liowever, without exacting life lor life. He has left behind 
him the materials for a thorouglily charming volume, which need but to be 
collected to find hearty admirers and eager possessors. lias not the time 
come for this labor of love to be undertaken ? We have been engrossed with 
more pressing matters, but delay can no longer in honor be justified. Who 
will assume the task? Premising that O'Brien's war poems, written in the 
midst of arduous camp duties, are not his best, we make room for one of 
them, as more properly falling within the scope of this volume. The follow- 
ing lines were written in Camp Cameron, in July, 18fil :] 



THE COUNTERSIGN. 



Alas! tlio weary hours p.ass slow. 

The night is very dark and still, 
And in the niarslies far below 

I hear the bearded whip-poor-will. 
I scarce can see a yard ahead, 

My ears are strained to catch each sound : 
I hear the leaves about me shed, [ground. 

And the springs bubbling through tlie 

Along the beaten path I pace, 

Where white rags mark my sentry's track : 
In torinless shrubs I seem to trace 

Tlie foeman's form with bending back. 
I think I see him crouching low, 

I stop and list — I stoop and peer — 
Until the neighboring hillocks grow 

To groups of soldiers far and near. 

With ready piece I wait and w.atch, 

Until mine eyes, familiar grown, 
Detect each harmless earthen notch, 

And turn guerrillas into stone. 
And then amid the lonely gloom, 

Beneath the weird old tulip-trees. 
My silent marches I resume, 

And think on other times than these. 

Sweet visions througli the silent night! 

The deep bay-windows fringed with vine ; 
The room within, in softened light, 

The tender, milk-white hand in mine, 
The timid pressure, and tlie pause 

That ofttimes overcame our sjieech — 
That time when by mysterious laws 

We each felt all in all to each. 



And then, that bitter, bitter day, 

Wlien came the final hour to part. 
When clad in soldier's honest gray, 

I pressed her weeping to my heart. 
Too proud of me to bid me stay. 

Too fond of me to let me go, 
I had to tear myself away, 

And left her stolid in her woe. 

fSo rose the dream — so passed the night 

When distant in the darksome glen. 
Approaching up the sombre height, 

I heard the solid inarch of men; 
Till over stubble, over sward. 

And fields where lay the golden .sheaf, 
I saw the lantern of the guard 

Advancing with the night relief 

" Halt I who goes there ?" my challenge-cry 

It rings along the watchful line. 
'• Relief!" I hear a voice reply. 



'Advance, and give the countersi 



gn! 



With bayonet at the charge, I w-ait. 
The corporal gives the mystic spell ; 

With arms at port I charge my mate. 
And onward pass, and all is well. 

But in the tent that night awake, 

I think, if in the fray I fall. 
Can I the mystic answer make 

Whene'er the angelic sentries call ? 
And pray that Heaven may so ordain, 

Tliat when I near the camp divine, 
Whether in travail or in pain, 

I too niav have the countersign. 



Two very important objects, not so much connected with the war as with 
the disbanding of the army, remain to be noticed : tlie jiroeuring of suitable 
31 



482 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

employment for disabled men, and the maintenance and education of soldiers' 
orphans ; the one obtained by the establishment of protective and employment 
societies, the other by the opening of orphan homes. 

The first employment society commenced its operations as a Protec- 
tive War Claim Association, and its early history may be briefly told, as 
follows : 

On Monday, January 19th, 1863, a meeting of gentlemen was held at the 
Directors' Eoom of the Merchants' Bank, in New York, to consider the pro- 
priety of organizing an association for the protection of soldiers and sailors 
and their femilies having claims upon the government. Such an association 
was soon afterwards formed, under the presidency of Lieutenant-General Scott, 
and with an executive committee consisting of Messrs. Howard Potter, Wm. 
E. Dodge, Jr., and Theodore Eoosevelt. Its objects were : 

1st. To secure to soldiers and sailors and their families any claims for 
pensions, pay or bounty, &c., without cost to the claimant. 

2d. To protect soldiers and sailors and their families fi'om imposture and 
fraiid. 

3d. To prevent false claims from being made against the government. 

4th. To give gratuitous advice and information to soldiers and sailors, or 
their families, needing it. 

The existence of this society gradually became known to discharged 
soldiers and others, who hastened to jDrofit by the knowledge that their claims 
could be collected without the necessity of employing agents, at the sacrifice 
of a large portion of the claims themselves. 

The business done by the association, at this date, might be divided into 
four classes : the first class being the regular claims for pensions, bounty, and 
arrears of pay ; the second, the collection of prize-money ; the third, the col- 
lection of money due discharged soldiers, which, through the carelessness and 
neglect of officials, or the ignorance of the men themselves, had not been paid ; 
and the fourth, the giving of advice and information upon all matters relating 
to the arm}' and navy. 

The number of applications which had been entered on the books of tlie 
association in one year was as follows : 

For bounty .and arrears of par 1,429 

" pensions 1,142 

" prize-money 1.39 

Miscellaneous 20 

Total 2.730 



rROTECTIVE WAR CLAIM ASSOCIATIONS. 483 

Value- of <'l;uiiis for bounty aiul arrears of pay $213,400 00 

" of pensions 1(l!l,(i.'i2 00 

" of ]irize claims 51,00i) 00 

" of miscellaneous claims 1,000 00 

Total ^:i7o,041 Ou 

Amount collected and paid to claimants : 

For bounty and arrears of jiay $'2-t,y3S 57 

" pensions 11,147 76 

" prize claims 17,487 25 

Miscellaneous, and on imiierfect papers 6,000 00 

Total $59,573 oS 

The expenses of the society for the first year were a little over $5,0U0. 
They were met by funds raised by subscription. 

Soon after the expiration of its first year, the "War Claim Association 
attached itself to the Sanitary Commission. The following table gives a suc- 
cinct statement of its operations during the remaining seven months of the 
second year: 

Number of claims prepared and tiled : 

For pen.sions 1.148 

'• bounties and arrears of pay 1,489 

" prize-money 2,847 

Total 5,484 

Number of certificates received: 

For pensions 277 

" bounties and arrears of pay 626 

'■ prize-money ... 1,035 

Total 1,938 

Amount secured : 

In pensions (annual value) $25,679 88 

In bounties and arrears of ])ay 74,028 43 

In prize-money 131,968 41 

Total $231,676 73 

Or, at the rate of $400,000 a year. Had the soldiers and sailors thus aided 
made their applications through claim agents, a large percentage of this sum 
would have been absorbed in expenses and charges, to use no harsher terms. 

At about the date of the oi'ganization of this association, the Sanitary 
Commission opened a bureau at Washington, for the transaction of the same 
kind of business there ; and on the 8th of April, 1863, a Protective War 
Claim and Pension Agency was organized in Philadelphia. For a time, these 



484 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



various societies confined their eftbrts to aiding the soldier and the sailor iu 
settling their claims against the government ; and the figures we have given 
show how largely the army and navy availed themselves of the proffered 
assistance. As the war drew to a close, however, aid was extended to 
discharged and disabled soldiers in obtaining employment; the able-bodied 
man in resuming the trade or handicraft he had abandoned to join the army ; 
the man incapacitated for regular labor in procuring such light work as his 
strength or his wounds jjermitted him to undertake. Registers were kept of 
those seeking employment, and of employers seeking hands ; and the two 
classes were brought into comtnuiucatiun, much to the advantage of both. 
The labors of the Bureaux of Employment, like those of the Union Commis- 
sion and the Freedmen's Relief Associations, lie rather in the future than in 
the past, and tlie hour of their greatest usefulness is yet to come. 




TUE PATRIOT onPHAN IIOME, AT FH'SlllNG 



The other subject remaining to be noticed is that of homes for the orphans 
of soldiers. This is naturally exciting great interest and attention as these 
pages go to press. Many homes have been founded ; several have been perma- 
nently endowed. Others will doubtless be established — some sustained by 
legislative appropriations, others dependent upon voluntary contributions. 
The Patriot Orphan Home, at Flushing, Long Island, has a histoiy that will 
repay perusal : 

The New York Ladies' Educational Union was organized as a societ}' in 



THE I'ATRIOT ORPHAN HOME. 485 

December, 1861, and incorporated March 7th, 1862. Its object was to estab- 
lish au educational industrial institution and asylum, where the homeless or 
destitute children of deceased or disabled soldiers might receive food, cloth- 
ing, mental and moral instruction, with such training in the arts of daily life 
as would fit them for usefulness, and enable them to earn a respectable sup- 
port. The society began with small means, and the first expenses were 
defrayed by the members alone. In May, they rented a building in the Sixth 
Avenue, New York, capable of comfortably accommodating fifty children. 
It was immediately filled, and hundreds of applicants sought admission in vain. 
The situation of some of these children was so distressing that the society, 
though unable to receive them, temporarily took charge of them, and paid for 
their board in private families. A suljscription was soon afterwards set on 
foot, to obtain the necessary funds for the purchase of commodious buildings 
and grounds, in the country, though not far from the city, where three hun- 
dred children, at least, might obtain shelter, education, and a temporary home. 
Encouraged by the contributions made, though the sum needed was fixr from 
being secured, the managers, acting in accordance with the advice of the 
Board of Counsellors, purchased an estate at Flushing, Long Island. The 
building was as large as was desired ; while the grounds, eight acres under cul- 
tivation or laid down to grass, furnished both kitchen-garden and playground. 
In view of the object to which his property was to be devoted, the proprietor 
made a liberal deduction fi-om his intended price. 

On the 2d of May, 1863, the fifty children moved, with their scant furniture 
and wardrobe, from the brick walls of the city to their jileasant country home. 
They met their mothers at the ferry, and said or wept or laughed good-by. 
At the gates of Flushing, a two-by-two procession was formed of those not too 
young to walk. When they reached the lawn, to quote the " Patriot Orphan 
Home,"' such shouts of delight and merriment never were heard before. 
'■ The girls scampered away hither and yon, while the boys went turning som- 
ersaults upon the grass, all the way up to the house. They were too full of joy 
for any thing. They could hardly trust their senses, so great was the change. 
This house to be theirs! The grass theirs I The birds theirs ! The shade-trees 
theirs ! The garden theirs! They were bewildered ; and no wonder." 

Two ceremonies then took place : the first, that of dedication ; the second, 
that of inauguration; tlic first, religious; the second, gastronomic; first 
prayer, then dinner. The divine blessing was invoked upon the enteriJrise by 
clergymen of Flushing, then the doors of the festal hall were opened wide to 
all who had crossed the threshold. Upon this slender foundation did what 



486 



THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 



may one day be the noble Orphan Home of New York, commence its 
beneficent career.* 

In July, the managers gave .the children a pic-nic, in a grove near the 
Home ; and a feature of it that speaks well for the atmosphere breathed by the 
dwellers on Flushing Bay, was the fact that every child in the institution was 
there, waiting for the wagon. Not one upon the sick list ! Nobody on fur- 
lough ! Even the baby was there ; and the history of this baby — that, 
perhaps, of ten thousand others — is the history of war orphans the world over. 
Its fother, a young man of twenty-three years, had been in the twenty odd 
battles of the Army of the Potomac, and for many months had heaid nothing 
from his family. Having returned home on sick leave, he found that his wife 
and child had disappeared, leaving no trace. After a long search in the pub- 
lic institutions, he found his child on KandaU's Island, and, in Bellevue Hos- 
pital, the record of the death of his wife. The soldier took the baby, and 
having been fortunate enough to hear of the Home for the Orphans of 
Patriots, delivered her to the matron, and returned to the army then girding 
itself for the struggle at Getty-sburg. 

The flag of the Home, the gift of sympathetic friends, was raised on the 
4th of July, by Master Brady and an assistant. Ice-cream, cake, and the 
Star-spangled Banner, wore incidental features of this agreeable festival. 



* At this time, tlie ofBcers of tbe Patriot Orphan Home were as follows : 
BOARD OF OFFICERS AND MANAGERS. 

OFFICERS. 



Mrs. Wm. Topping. 

lifcortHttff SccretnvTf, 
Mks. it. Zabriskie. 



Mils. Ges. Wm. K. Strong, 

" Stephen Ci'tter, 

" joun cuisholm, 

" J. M. GVSTIN, 

" James Demakest, 

" J. D. Smith, 

" JOSIAII SrTUEIiLAND, 

" A. Meuwin, 

" James Smillie, 



'Wr-Pre^kletit, 
Mks. C. L. Monell. 

Ci}rresp<mfJwg Secrdnrics, 
Mrs. Edward Fitch, Mrs. G. W. Huntsman, Flushing. 

Mrs. W.m. J. Haddoce. 



Mrs. Pell, 
'• LooMis White, 



MANAGERS. 

Mrs. E. J. Erwin, 

" J. S. Backus, 

" BEN.IAMIN P. Baker, 

" Dr. E. West, 

" Richard Arnold, 

" S. A. Spencer, 

" L. J. Smith. 

" S. H. Wales, 

" E. Anthony, 
Miss L. A. Halstead. 

flushing managers. 
Mrs. Bowne, 
" Leavitt, 
Miss Lila Davis. 



Mrs. J. H. Colgate, 
" J. A. Kennedy. 
" Edgar Pinchdt, 
" Wm. Gale, 
" James Cocks, 
" Charles Thurber, 
" Dr. R. p. Perry, 
" George Giffohu, 

Miss M Seymour, 



Mrs. S. B. Parsons, 
" Horton, 



THE PATRIOT ORPHAN HOME. 



487 



The coming of these interesting orphans had from the first excited a lively 
interest among the inhabitants of Flushing. It was no idle sympathy, nor 
was it only evinced on holidays and merr^'-makings. The table was for a 
time — and when such aid was most needed — spread from the regular contri- 
butions of the ladies of the village ; and as winter approached, and the con- 
viction that boys must have overcoats and girls warm cloaks was strengthened 
as the sun declined towards the South, the children of Flushing determined 
upon an Orphans' Fair. At the first meeting to discuss matters, three children 
were present ; they resolved to meet once a week at each other's houses, to 
make things which they would sell somewhere and at some time. One very 
small girl importuned an influential fithor till he was compelled to purchase 
release by exclaiming: "Very well, you shall have it, then." The it referred 

to was the Town Hall of Flushing, thus 
obtained for the fair. Another child 
asked her father what he was going to 
do for the oi-phans. He said he did 
not know ; he had not thought ; per- 
haps he should do nothing. But he 
laid the subject before that corporation 
of which it would be a calumny to say 
that it has no soul, the New York 
Stock Exchange, and came back with 
$500. The fair took place on the 9th 
of September, and was what might 
have been fairly expected — a touching 
2^ spectacle of youth, beauty, and purity ; 
ladies animated by the best of motives, 
cliildren living under good and healthy 
influence, the one laboring for the other, 
the orphans hardly knowing or realizing their orphanage, while music, flowers, 
song, and evergreens enclosed the picture in their graceful framework. Thir- 
teen hundred dollars were soon after paid into the treasury of the Home, and 
sundry bills from tailors, hatters, shoemakers, and dealers in cloaks, jeans, and 
blankets, which were presented and paid during the following month, told a 
very comfortable story of winter suits, both every-day and Sunday best, for 
one hundred and two boys and girls. 

The ladies of the Home have been singularly successful in obtaining the 
means necessary for its support since it has been fairly established. Many 




488 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

have acted as regular agents and collectors, and pay large montlily sums into 
the treasury ; among these may be mentioned ilrs. General McClellan, Mrs. 
Wm. Gale, Jr., Mrs. S. B. Parsers, Mrs. John Chisholm, Mrs. Wm. F. Lee, 
Mrs. C. L. Monell, Mrs. Stephen Cutter, Mr.s. 11. Zabriskie, Mrs. T. A. Atwood, 
Mrs. Wm. J. Haddock, Mrs. Edwin Fitch, Mrs. Edward Anthony, Mrs. Wni. 
Topping, Mrs. S. A. Spencer, Mrs. Carey l^Iurdock, Mrs. Palen, Mrs. J. D. 
Smith. The legislature of the state lately made an appropriation of $3,000 in 
favor of the Home, and Mr. Chauncy W. Eose, endowing it with the generous 
donation of §20,000, cleared it from all lialjilities, and made it an Orphans' 
Home forever. Still, it of course depends upon the collections of the year for 
the year's current expenses. 

The prosperity of the institution augmented as the war drew to a close. 
A collection for its support in St. George's Church, New York, reached the 
sum of §1,000; Dr. Adams's Church gave nearly §iOO; the Seventh Regiment, 
$200 ; an amateur concert at Dr. Ward's, §550 ; and annual subscriptions and 
chance contributions came in with unusual promptitude and frecpiency. And 
when recruiting was stopped and the draft suspended, what better could the 
ward committees do with the balances remaining in their hands than intrust 
them to the Flushing managers? The recruiting committees of the Ninth, 
Sixteenth, and Twenty-first Wards of New York, asking themselves this 
question, answered it b}' addmg §3,000 to their fund. An entertainment at 
the Academy of Music, and a concert at Irving Hall, brought §3,600 into 
the treasury, where they were speedily joined by §1,000 from Mr. Brewster, 
of Flushing, and §500 from Mr. Whistler, of Frankfort-on-the-Main. In a 
letter of acknowledgment sent to certain officers of the Russian navy at San 
Francisco, upon the receipt of $266 from them. Dr. Tyng said : 

" The institution to which we have appropriated their generous gift is a 
prospering Home, for more than one hundred of the orphans of soldiers and 
sailors of the United States, and will Ijc enlarged, in coming prosperity, to be 
a hajjpy home for similar thousands." 

It is probable that the Home, if the managers succeed in their purpose to 
raise $50,000, will be removed some distance into the countrj, and be estab- 
lished upon a larger scale than has been found jiossible at Flushing. 

From " The Patriot Orphan Home," a monthly sheet, of which twelve 
numbers were issued, we make the following extract : 

" The number of families bereaved by the war cannot be counted. Five 
hundred thousand lives are supposed to have been extinguished in this struggle. 
This estimate, perhaps, was not intended to include the rebel loss. Of this 



THE WIDOW AND OUPIIAN. 



48y 



enormous expenditure of vitality we may sujipose that half, at least, were men 
with families. The wail of sorrow, then, from this great nmltitude of widows 
and orphans, is like the moaning of a tempest at sea. In the family cirele, in 
the immediate neighborhood, it is heard, and finds a responsive sympathy 
from those who witness the household desolation. But the erreat swell-tide of 




THE WlliyW AM) liIU'llAN. 



active humanity rolls on, nnconseions of the existing agony. It invades not 
the business mart. It disturbs not the circles of gayety. It steals no ray of 
sunshine from the surging mass on our fashionable thoroughfares. To all 
these, it is as if it were not. But the real fact is, that .spread over the vast 



490 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

area of states — North, East, and West — the grief of widowhood and orphanage 
is a sad and overwhelming calamity. Around one single hospital — that at 
Frederick, Maryland — there are more than throe thousand soldiers' gi-aves, 
marked by the head-board which the government provides. And this is by 
no means one of our largest hospitals. ' The graves,' said a delegate of the 
Sanitary Commission, 'are marked, not by numbers, but by acres.' The soli- 
tudes of the wilderness are rendered more solitary by these sleeping dead. 
The humble mounds by every river-bank, along every highway, and scat- 
tered over every field and forest, mark the heroic struggle for our country's 
defence." 

^ On the 6th of May, 1864, the Governor of Pennsylvania approved an act 
of the legislature authorizing him to accept the sum of $50,000 from the 
Pennsylvania Railroad Company for the education and maintenance of sol- 
diers' orj^hans, and soon after appointed the Hon. Thomas H. Burrowes to the 
superintendence of the expenditure. Persons entitled to the beneiit of the act 
were declared to be " children of cither sex under the age of fifteen, resident 
in Pennsylvania at the time of the application, and dependent upon either 
public or private charity for support, or on the exertions of a mother or other 
person destitute of means to afford proper education and maintenance; — of 
fathers who have been killed, or died of wounds received, or of disease con- 
tracted, in the service of the United States, whether in volunteer or militia 
regiments of this state, or in the regular army or the naval service of the 
United States, but who were at the time of entering such service actual bona 
fide residents of Pennsylvania."' 

It was decided that the orphans should be clad in a neat, plain, uniform 
dress, according to sex, and supplied with comfortable lodgings, a sufficiency 
of wholesome food, and proper attendance when sick ; that they should be 
physically developed, the boys by military drill or gymnastic training, accord- 
ing to age, and the girls by calisthenic and other exercises; that they should 
be habituated to industiy and the use of tools while at school, liy the various 
household and domestic pursuits and mechanical and horticultural employ- 
ments suitable to the respective sexes ; that they should receive a full course 
of intellectual culture in the ordinary branches of a useful English education, 
having especial reference to fundamental prineijiles and practical results ; and 
be carefully trained in moral and religious principles, the latter as nearly 
approaching as might be to the known denominational preference of the 
parents. 

It was not proposed to build a home, or keep ujd any separate establishment 



THE NORTHERN HOME FOR FRIENDLESS CHILDREN. 491 

whatever, but simply to place the orphans in suitable institutions in the 
twelve normal school districts (>f the state, to p;iy their expenses there, to see 
that contracts entered into in regard to them were faithfully kept, and that 
the orphans, when of the proper age, were apprenticed to responsible em- 
ployers. The munificent donation of the Pennsylvania Railroad was looked 
ujion as the nest-egg of a fund to be hereafter raised, and contributions were 
asked of the patriotic and humane. Large additions are constantly made 
to it. 

The managers of "The Northern Iloino for Friendless Children," of Phila- 
delphia, an institution in existence long before the war, and suj^ported in 
part by legislative and municipal appropriations, in part by voluntary con- 
tributions, passed a resolution in January, 1864, to the efl'ect that "the state 
owes a debt of gratitude to our soldiers and sailors such as can never be 
repaid by any act of ours, and that, therefore, the additional building recently 
erected for the use of The Northern Home for Friendless Children be spe- 
cially appropriated as a temporary asylum for the children of those in the 
army and navy who have fallen in the jjresent war, until a permanent home 
can be established for them by the State of Pennsylvania." 

This building was soon after dedicated to the purpose thus indicated. 
During the last fiscal year of the Home, some $6,000 were received from 
private sources. 

The nucleus of a home for soldiers' orphan sons exists at Suspension Bridge, 
Niagara County, New York, where Colonel and Mrs. Young have established 
The Niagara Volunteer Institute, supported entirely by private bounty. The 
cadets, as the boys are called, their education being strictly military, visit the 
principal cities of the country- from time to time, exhibiting their proficiency 
in the manual, and eliciting not only verbal encomiums, but pecuniary en- 
couragement. 

As these pages go to press, the interest of the public, lately divided 
among so many benevolent objects, is very naturally centring upon oi'plian 
homes and asylums for the permanently disabled. And we have to close 
this record by confessing that in this respect it is incomplete — rejoicing, indeed, 
that it is so ; for what we have been able to set down as having been done for 
the widow and orphan, does not bear a just proportion to the promises either 
explicitly or tacitly made to the husljand and father. 

It had been the purpose of the author to include in this volume a state- 
ment of what he who was President of the United States when it was com- 
menced, had done for the war and tlic soldiers, in the ways and by the methods 



492 THE TRIBUTE BOOK 

of wliicli these pages are tlie chronicles. We had intended to collect the 
items of his contributions, his gifts of original documents and of mammoth 
oxen, of salary undrawn and interest overdue. But hy his death such details 
have been rendered trivial — impertinent, indeed; and, strictly speaking, Mr. 
Lincoln has no place in this book. Even had he given substantial aid, in the 
form recorded here, by millions, it would be 2)uerile to set it down, to be 
dwarfed by the mighty overshadowing monuments of his life and achieve- 
ments. So, having nothing to say which would not be trifling, if within the 
scope of the subject, and nothing which would not be irrelevant, if beyond it, 
and yet unwilling that a book recording certain incidents in the preservation 
of the Union should not contain at least the lineaments of him who was its 
preserver, we lay down the pen and invoke the aid of the pencil and the 
burin. The artist may perhaps do gracefully and acceptably what the pen- 
man cannot do at all ; the one may succeed where the other's success is not 
even to be desired. 

And now for that summary of the voluntary contributions of the war 
which has been promised in the closing chapter. The author may the more 
properly call attention thus repeatedly to these figures, as he has been assisted 
in their preparation by gentlemen who have made not only general statistics, 
but these special data, the constant subject of their study. 



CHAPTER XX. 




A WORK like tliis would be incomplete witliout an attempt to group under 
one head the various forms of the philanthropy and private generosity of the 
war, and to arrive at the grand total in dollars and cents. The data necessary 
for this are not of equal value, in point of precision, in all departments of the 
inquiry. While the records and reports of the commissions, the aid societies, 
the relief associations, the committees, give with commendable accuracy the 
amounts which have been received and disbursed by them, the more extensive 
department of private bounty money, of individual encouragement of enlist- 
ments, of subscriptions made m behalf of drafted men, and the hardly less 
important phase of relief extended to the families of volunteers, find us abso- 
lutely without a basis upon which to found an investigation. Doubtless, 
certain wards, certain committees, certain towns, kept records of the aid thus 
obtained and extended ; but the arduous labor of collecting them, throughout 
so wide an extent of country, has not been undertaken, except in one state. 
And when collected there is no certainty — and there can be none — that they 
would be complete. Let the reader reflect for a moment in what an infinite 
variety of ways assistance has been rendered to the volunteer himself, and to 
the wives and children left behind. Even supposing that the mere subscrip- 
tion lists could be gathered from the twenty loyal states, what portion of the 
aid given would they represent? Only that portion which was public, which 
had been rendered in organized metliods, and the record of which had sur- 
vived the month or the year. All that had been privately done, as well 
as that which, though at the time matter of general knowledge, had been 



494 THE Till BUTE BOOK. 

afterwards forgotten, would be necessarily omitted. This single reflection h 
sufficient to sliow that, whatever may be the result of an inquiry like that we 
arc attempting, it must be under the truth — that we cannot err except upon 
the safe side. 

It has been said that one state only has made an effort to discover the facts 
in this intei-esting question — the state of New York. The legislature created, 
in 1863, a Bureau of Military Statistics, one of the objects of which was de- 
clared to be the rendering of " an account of the aid afforded by the several 
towns, cities, and counties of the state." Colonel Lockwood L. Doty was 
made chief of this bureau, and his two annual reports, those of 186-i and 1865, 
furnish the only material we have for prosecuting the present inquiry. From 
the later of the two reports we make extracts showing how minute have been 
the details of the investigation, and how valuable the record must be, when 
completed, in spite of inevitable deficiency in some respects : 

" Record books, containing printed forms for obtaining a complete account 
of the services of regiments, companies, and batteries, are in use in the bureau. 
They comprehend a series of inquiries, covering the authority, when and to 
whom granted, as well as the time, place, and circumstances attending the 
formation ; a specific account of each company, where and by whom raised ; 
a record of bounties, and other aid, I'cceived from the state, from counties, 
cities, towns, and individuals ; the time when recruiting was begun, and when 
completed ; the in.spection, term of enlistment, account of flags, departure 
from the state, assignment to duty, movements, specific details of battles, skir- 
mishes, and other services, casualties, sanitary history, and facts connected 
with termination of service. The inquiries contemplate a statement so full as 
to enable every marclf to be traced upon a map, and so complete as to afford a 
satisfiictory knowledge of the services of the organization, should every thing 
in memory or tradition pass away." 

" Books for collecting and preserving a detailed account of the aid afforded 
in towns, cities, and counties, have been in use by the bureau during the past 
year. The information is systematically sought from official and other sources, 
and embraces as well what has been done by taxation and loans as by individ- 
ual liberality and effort, by fairs, churches, schools, academies, and other 
organized means; also the influence of the war upon pauperism and crime, 
and upon banking and general business interests. 

" Two fifths of the towns and counties of the state were visited during 
the past year for statistics, by agents of the bureau. From these our account 
is quite complete, down to a period varying from July 1st to December 81st, 



SUMMAUY. 49.'5 

18tM; but the largely eulianced cost of travel prevented a visit to every town, 
and we were therefore obliged to rely upon correspondence to accomplish the 
rest. This mode has been only measurably successful." 

It thus appears that returns from less than half the state had been received, 
and that these came down to a period in no case later than the 31st of Decem- 
ber, 1864. The statement is made in another portion of the report, that these 
returns had been made " wholly or in part," that is, that all were not complete. 
They were from four hundred and forty towns (out of nine hundred and forty 
in the state), mainly of the rural districts, and represented a population of 
eight hundred and seventy-one thousand. The sums raised in these towns, 
by these people, to promote enlistments and to relieve drafted men, amounted 
to $943,000, in round numbers. This proportion of eight hundred and sev- 
enty-one thousand persons furnishing $943,000, may doubtless be extended to 
the whole of the state, which would give, for the three million eight hun- 
dred and eighty-one thousand inhabitants, $4,200,000. But as the returns 
were made " wholly or in part," and as they do not embrace, in all cases, the 
later months of 1864, and, in no case, the earlier months of 1865, it will not 
be too much to increase this to $5,800,000, as the voluntary self assessment 
of the people of New York, for the purpose of promoting enlistments. 
This I'esult, thus obtained for one state, is all we have to serve as a clue to 
the contributions of twenty-five otlier states. The question at once arises, 
how far it is jorudent to employ it as a basis in other calculations. It is 
probable that, while it may be safe enough in the Eastern and Middle States, 
it may be somewhat too high throughout the West, where men were more 
readily- oljtained, and where there were fewer compact settlements, inhabited 
by persons able to eontrilnite large sums. Taking the population of the loyal 
states at about twenty millions, we may divide it into two parts, of ten mil- 
lions each, the first giving one dollar and fifty cents per inhabitant; the 
second, one dollar and thirty cents. This, set down in tabular form, would 
be as follows : 

Contributions of the Eastern and Atlantic States, for the pi'omo- 
tion of enlistments and the relief of drafted mim, in all the 
various forms which have been mentioned in the foregoing 
pages, $15,000,000 

Contributions of the Western and Central States for 

tlie same purpose, ... . 13,000,000 

$28,000,000 



496 THE TRIBUTE B(30K. 

The sums given in aid of the families of volunteers 
can only be ariiveel at by a similar process. C(J- 
onel Doty's report states the amount contributed 
by eight hundred and seventy-one thousand per- 
sons — reporting wholly or in part — and up to 
a period extending from July to December, 
1864, as $107,000. This would make the total 
contributions of New York for this purpose 
$477,000 ; and this, considered incomplete as 
above, might be increased to $650,000. The cal- 
culation, carried out as before, would give as the 
contributions of the loyal states for the relief of 
the families of volunteers, about three and a half 
millions. But there are certain reasons for be- 
lieving that this result is very much below the 
truth. The New England States made special 
preparation, by pledges given by wealthy men, 
by collections taken up in the churches, and in 
other ways, for the support of soldiers' families ; 
and throughout the country the salaries of en- 
listed men were regularly paid to their families 
for three, six, and sometimes twelve months. 
The Association for Inniroving the Condition of 
the Poor, in New York, estimates the amount ex- 
pended by itself upon soldiers' families in one 
year at $40,000. "We shall be under-estimating 
the sums devoted by the whole country to this 
purpose, in putting it at ... . . . §4,500,000 

[Even this result will doubtless appear small to 
many readers ; but it must be remembered that taxa- 
tion was largely resorted to, to obtain the funds neces- 
sary for the partial support of soldiers' families. As 
payments had to be made regularl}^, in monthly or 
quarterly sums, it was hardly possible to depend upon 
voluntary contributions, to any great extent. Five 
cities of New York — and those not the largest — 
Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, Poughkeepsie, and 



SUMMARY. 497 

Brooklyn, raised by taxation nearly $1,200,000, for the 

relief of the families of volunteers.] 

Under this head are to be included, of course, not 

only the amounts obtained by subscription, as in the 

t'urlier period, but those contributed by associations, 

as in the case of the police force of New York ; those 

obtained by entertainments, concerts, &c., &e., and in 

all the methods which have been referred to in these 

l>ages. 

We come now to the efforts made, and the money 

given in aid of those efforts, to promote the health 

and efficiency of the army — mainly through the Sani- 
tary Commission. As strict accounts have been kept 

by the treasurer of every dollar and of every package 

intrusted to the Commission, there is no difficulty in 

regard to the figures, which may be stated as follows : 

Cash received by the Sanitary Commission, up to the 

Istof January, 1865, $3,471,000 

Cash received by the Sanitary Commission, from the 
1st of January, 1865, to the close of the war, 
including the proceeds of the second Chicago 
fair (estimated), 500,000 

Value of the supplies received by the Sanitary Com- 
mission (a portion, for the later months, esti- 
mated), 9,000,000 

12.971.(.0ti 

But, as the Branches of the Commission did not 
always turn into the general treasury the entire 
sums collected by them, by fairs, contributions, 
&c., and as these sums are therefore not in- 
cluded in the foregoing item, it is necessary to 
set them down separately. Now these branches, 
at Boston, Philadelphia, Buffalo, Brooklyn, 
Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Cincinnati, so 
far retained their independent character that they 
expended a considerable part of their money 
receipts, and a part of their supplies, for local 
purposes, which did not belong to the general 

32 



.198 TUE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

plan of the Commission. Thus, Cincinnati and 
Chicago botli established and supported sol- 
diers' homes of their own, and aided soldiers' 
fiimilies, hospitals, &c., from funds which were 
not reported to tlie general treasury. Thus, 
$40,000 from Boston, $100,000 from Brooklyn, 
$160,000 from Cincinnati, $60,000 from Cliicago, 
$200,000 from Pittsburgh, were retained, and 
never passed directly into the general treasury. 
Though a portion may have been received and 
acknowledged in the form of supplies, yet the 
total amount of sums to be mentioned apart from 
the receipts of the Sanitary Commission, in this 
form, cannot be under ........ §1,000,000 

It was said in the chapter treating of the Sanitary 
Commission, that large amounts of money and 
large quantities of supplies were sent to the army 
before the Commission was organized ; and that 
many of the aid .societies continued to act inde- 
pendently of the Commi.^sion, even after its or- 
ganization. As these values do not appear in the 
returns of the Commission, and as, indeed, they 
have not been collected, and do not appear in 
these columns elsewhere, it becomes neces.sary to 
estimate them. Some persons have placed them 
as higli as the acknowledged receipts of the Com- 
mission itself; but we shall probably be nearer 
the truth, if we record them as of the value of . . 5.000,000 

A hint or two will suffice to show that this esti- 
mate is a low one : One single lady, not connectcil 
with either of the Commissions or Aid Societies, 
who distributed only what was sent her b}- churches 
and individuals, and who kept accurate accounts 
of her receipts, disbursed over $20,000 in money and 
$300,000 in supplies, during the war. Others did 
nearly or quite as much ; and in the West, after 
the battles of Fort Donelson, Shiloh, and Periyville, 



SUMMARY. 4yu 



contributions were sent to tlie field from almost every 
town. Steamboat load after steamboat load as- 
cended the Tennessee, till Savannah landing seemed 
like the levee of a great city. After the battle of 
Bull Eun, Adams' Express had on hand more than 
one hundred and fifty tons of supplies sent to the 
soldiers, which they could not deliver, besides the 
thousands of tons they did deliver. 

[The farewell of the Women's Central Associa- 
tion of Eelief, of New York — one of the societies 
from which the Sanitary Commission sprang — w^as 
issued too late to appear in this volume under the 
proper heading. We therefore make no apology for 
introducing it here. The pith of the article was con- 
tained in the following resolutions : 

" Resolved, That the Women's Central Association 
of Relief cannot dissolve without expressing its sense 
of the value and satisfaction of its connection with 
the United States Sanitary Commission, whose confi- 
dence, guidance, and support it has enjoyed for four 
years past. In now breaking the formal tic that has 
bound us together, we leave unbroken the bond of 
perfect .sympathy, gratitude, and affection which has 
grown up between us. 

" Resolved, That we owe a deep debt of grati- 
tude to our Associate Managers, who have so ably 
represented our interests in the different sections of 
our field of duty, and that to their earnest, unflagging, 
and patriotic exertions much of the success which has 
followed our labors is due. 

"Resolved, That to the Soldiers' Aid Societies, 
which form the working constituency of this Associa- 
tion, we offer the tribute of our profound respect and 
adrhiration for their zeal, constancy, and patience to 
the end. Their boxes and their letters have been 
alike our support and our inspiration. They have 
kej^t our hearts hopeful and our confidence in our 
cause alwavs firm. Henceforth the women of America 



oOO THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

are banded in town and country as the men are from 
city and field. We have wrought, and tliought, and 
prayed together, as our soldiers have fought, and bled, 
and conquered, shoulder to shoulder; and from this 
hour, the womanhood of our country is knit in a com- 
mon bond, which the softening influences of peace 
must not, and shall not, weaken or dissolve. May 
God's blessing rest upon every Soldiers' Aid Society 
in the list of our contributors, and on every individual 
worker in their ranks. 

" Eesolved, That to our band of volunteer aids, 
the ladies, who, in turn, have so long and usefully 
labored in the details of our work at these rooms, 
we give our hearty and affectionate thanks, feeling 
that their unflagging devotion and clieerful presence 
have added largely to the efficiency and pleasure of 
our labors. Their record, however hidden, is on 
high, and they have in their own hearts the joyful 
testimony, that in their country's peril and need tliey 
were not found wanting. 

" Resolved, That the thanks of this Association are 
due to the ladies who have at different times served 
upon the board, but are no longer members of it ; 
and that we recall, in this hour of ]iarting, the mem- 
ory of each and all who have lent us the light of their 
countenance and the help of their hands. Especially 
do we recognize the valuable aid rendered by the 
members of our Registration Committee, who, in the 
early days of this Association, sujjerintended the 
training of a band of one hundred women nurses for 
our army hospitals. The successful introduction of 
this system is chiefly due to the zeal and capacity of 
these ladies. 

" Resolved, That in dissolving this Association, we 
desire to express the gratitude we owe to Divine 
Providence, for permitting the members of this board 
to work together in so great and glorious a cause, and 
upon so large and successful a scale, to maintain for 



SUMMARY. 601 

so long a period relations of such affection and re- 
spect, and now to part with such deep and grateful 
memories of our work and of each other." 

Collections of the Western \, -_.j v. ommission, 

money and stores, including the proceeds of the 

Mississippi Valley Fair, $2,800,000 

Receipts of the Illinois Commissioner-General, an offi- 
cer appointed to collect money and stores from 

the people of his state, . 500,000 

Receipts of the Iowa Sanitary Commission, up to the 

period of its incorporation with the Sanitary, and 

Western Sanitary, Commissions, ...... 175,U00 

Collections of the Indiana Sanitary Commission, cash 

and supplies, first year, . .... $108,000 
Collections of the Indiana Sanitary Commission, cash 

and supplies, second year, ..... 188,000 
Collections of the Indiana Sanitary Commission, cash 

and supplies, third year, ..... 223,000 

Collections of the Indiana Sanitary Commission, cash 

and supplies, in 1865 (estimated), . . . 65,000 

534,000 

Collections of the Philadelphia Ladies' Aid, money 

and stores, 320.000 

[We include in this return — -what was not men- 
tioned in the text — an immense quantity of stores re- 
ceived by Mrs. Harris upon the field, which did not 
pass through the hands of the recording officers of the 
society.] 

Collections of the Ladies' Union Aid Society of St.. 

Louis, money and stores, 150. OOO 

Collections of the Ladies' Union Relief Association 

of Baltimore, money and stores, ...... 60,000 

Collections of four similar societies in Baltimore, .... 30.000 

Receipts of the New England Soldiers' Relief Asso- 
ciation of New York, money, .... $40,000 

Receipts of the New England Soldiers' Relief Asso- 
ciation of New York, supplies, . . . 200,000 

240,000 



502 THE TltlBUTE BOOK. 

Receipts of the Soldiers' Rest, New Yorlc, and sucli 
portion of tlie receipts of tlie State Soldiers' 
Depot, New York, as were due to private bounty, . . . $25,000 

Receipts of tlie Penn Relief Association of Philadel- 
phia, cash, $12,000 

Receipts of the Penn Relief Association of Philadel- 
phia, supplies, . 37,000 

49,000 



Receipts of the Rose Hill Ladies' Soldiers' Relief As- 
sociation of New York, money and stores, . . . 25,000 

Value of the contributions, in money and stores, made 
casually by visitors to the two hundred and thirty- 
three government hospitals, established in differ- 
ent parts of the country (estimate), ..... 2,225,000 

Collections of the Christian Commission, money and 

supplies, first year, ...... $231,000 

Collections of the Christian Commission, money and 

supplies, second year, ..... 1» 17,000 

Collections of the Christian Commission, money and 

supplies, third year, 2,882,000 

Collections of the Christian Commission, money and 

supplies, in 1865 (estimate), .... 500,000 

4,530,000 

[The above figures of the Christian Commission 

include the value of telegraph and railroad facilities, 

of delegates' services, and of publications furnished 

bv tract and Bible societies.] 

Value of the tracts, Testaments, hymn-books, and other 
religious publications, distributed in the army 
and navy, by the American Bible Society and 
the American Tract Society, and other similar 
publishing associations, exclusive of those in- 
cluded in the reports of the Cliristian Commis- 
sion, 300,000 

Value of the railroad, express, and telegraph facilities, 
given to commissions, societies, &c., exclusive 
of those included in the reports of the Christian 
Commission, 1.300,000 



SUMMAllY. 503 

[Those wlio, remembering the immense work done 
gratuitously by these corporations and eompanies, 
consider this a low estimate, will do well to remember 
that when the government made the railways military 
roads, the unpaid transportation of sanitary and hos- 
pital stores of necessity ceased.] 

Collections of the New England Frecdmen's Aid 

Society, money and stores, . $126,000 

Collections of the National Freedmen's Relief Asso- 
ciation of New York, money and stores, .... 400,000 

Receipts of the Pennsylvania Frecdmen's Relief As- 
sociation, .......... 61,000 

Receipts of the Orthodox Friends' Association of 
Philadelphia (Freedmen's Relief), exclusive of 
foreign contributions, 100,000 

Receipts of the Hicksite Friends' Association of Phil- 
adelphia (Freedmen's Relict), . . ... r2,()()() 

Receipts of the Northwestern Freedmen's Aid Soci- 
ety of Chicago, 140,000 

Amount raised in Philadelphia and New York for 

recruiting negro regiments, ....... 50,000 

Amount raised in New York for the relief of the 

negro victims of the riot of July, 1863,. .... 41,000 

Amount raised in New York for tlie benefit of mem- 
bers of the fire department, of the police force, 
and of the National Guard, injured in the riot, . . . 55,000 

Collections of various international relief committees, 
in New York, Philadelphia, Brooklyn, &c., in 
behalf of the distressed operatives of Great Brit- 
ain 847,000 

Collection made in New England in behalf of the 
East Tennesseans, by a committee of which Ed- 
ward Everett was chairman, ....... 102,000 

Collections of the Pennsylvania Relief Association for 

East Tennessee, 80,000 

Collections of the American Union Commission, cash 

and clothing, 70,000 



504 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Collections of the New England Eefugees" Aid 

Society, a branch of the above, ...... $25,000 

Fund collected in New York, Boston, and Philadel- 
phia, for the relief of the people of Savannah, in 
January and February, 18C5, 100,000 

Fund collected in Philadelphia, for the relief of the 

people of Chambersburg, in the summer of 1864, . . 35,000 

Fund collected in Baltimore, for the same purpose, . . . 3,000 

Eeceiptsof the Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon 

of Philadelphia, cash, $87,000 

Receipts of the Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloou 

of Philadelphia, supplies, oO.OOO 

— 117,000 

Receipts of the Cooper-Shop Refreshment Saloon of 

Philadelphia, cash, 58.00(i 

Receipts of the Cooper-Shop Refreshment Saloon of 

Philadelphia, supplies, I'O.OUn 



78,000 



Receipts of the Citizens' Union Volunteer Hospital 

Association of Philadelphia, cash and supplies, . . . 85.000 
Receipts of the Union Relief Association of Balti- 
more, cash and supplies, 180,000 

Receipts of the Pittsburgh Subsistence Committee, 

before the transfer of their duties, 45,000 

Amount spent by the fire companies of Philadelphia, 

and by the Ladies' Transit Aid Association, in 

the conveyance of the wounded from the boats 

to the hospitals, 28,000 

Amount spent, or received in provisions, for the 

army and navy Thanksgiving dinner of 1864, . . . 300,000 

Amount spent in previous festival dinners for the 

army and navy, ......... 100,000 

Proceeds of the National Sailors' l^air, held in Boston, 

in November, 1864, 247,000 

Amounts presented to Major Anderson, General 

Meade, Captain Worden, and others, ..... 70,000 

Fund raised in Philadelphia for the family of General 

Birney, . . 50,000 



SUMMARY. 005 

Amount presented in five-twenty government bonds, 

by merchants in New Yorli, to Admiral Farragut, . . $50,000 

Amount raised to purchase a house, lot, and furniture, 

for General Grant, in Philadelphia, 50,000 

Amount raised in New York to distribute among the 
officers and men of the Kearsarge, after the de- 
struction of the Alabama, 25,000 

Fund raised for a statue of General Sedgwick, .... 20,000 

Other contributions for statues, monuments, &c., . . . 35.000 

Receipts of tlie Patriots' Orphan Home, at Flushing, 

Long Island, 65,000 

Donation of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, for 
tlie maintenance and education of soldiers' or- 
phans, 50,000 

Other donations to the same fund, ...... 20,000 

Such portion of the receipts of the Northern Home 
for Friendless Children, Philadelphia, as have 
been devoted to the maintenance of soldiers' 
orphans, 10,00l) 

Receipts of other orphan homes, ....... 20,000 

Net receipts of a fair held in Milwaukee, in June and 
July, 1865, for an asylum for disabled Wisconsin 
soldiers, 110,000 

Endowment made by the Roosevelt Estate to estab- 
lish a Soldiers' Home, 1,000,000 

Amount of various scholarships established in colleges 
for soldiers and soldiers' children — of which there 
are over two hundred — averaging $200 annual 
income, 70,000 

General B. F. Butler's endowment of a scholarship in 

Phillips' Academy, for a soldier's son, 5,000 

Value of frigate Vanderbilt, presented to the govern- 
ment by Cornelius Vanderbilt, 800,000 

Commissions returned to the government by William 

H. Aspinwall, 25,000 

Salary of Solicitor-General AViiiting, not drawn, .... 20,000 

Amount spent by Miss Clara Barton in aiding soldiers 

and in keeping a list of missing men, 10,000 



[ i 



506 THE TRIBUTE BOOK. 

Amount spent in entertaining soldiers in the summer 
of 1865, on their way home (outside of that dis- 
bursed by the Sanitary Commission), $20,0^0 



Grand total, $69,696,000 

These seventy millions might easily be increased to one hundred millions, 
1 were we willing to depart even a hair's-breadth from the line traced out in 
our plan. We have not included one cent obtained by taxation ; and yet the 
sums voted for bounties in very many towns might fairly be embraced in the 
list, for the reason that the vote, in full meetings, was unanimous. A unani- 
mous vote to tax is nothing less than a subscription, signed by every tax- 
payer, in amounts jiroportioned to the property of each. A statistician, curi- 
ous in such matters, has made a calculation that the sum-total of bounty 
moneys, voted with such unanimity that they might justly be considered sub- 
scribed, reaches fifteen millions at least. Not venturing to include this in our 
summary, we feel justified in referring to it here. 

Again, the war has stimulated the giving of money for educational and 
religious purposes in a very remarkable degree. No less than five millions 
of dollars have been bestowed upon or left by will to colleges and seats of 
learning in the last four years ; and church debts, to the amount of ten mil- 
lions, have been obliterated in the same time. This is vastly in excess of the 
sum devoted to the same objects in the four years preceding. Doubtless a 
portion of this liberality must be ascribed to the inflation of the currency and 
the abundance of money; but four-fifths of it were due to the revival of inter- 
est in the weighty matters of religion and education, consequent upon a war 
which was so largely the result of ignorance in matters both spiritual and tem- 
poral. This is not, however, the first time that war has been followed by a 
marked revival in the interest felt in the mental and moral improvement of 
a people to whom the blessings of peace have been restored. 

Seventy millions ! Seventy millions, which might be made one hundred 
with a stroke of the pen ! Let the world know the story of these millions, 
how they were gotten, how spent, and — Solomon to the contrary notwith- 
standing — the world will readily acknowledge that at length there is A new 

THING UNDER THE SUN. 







A. 



Adams, Express . . . . 

Aid Rendehed to Washington's Army 
Aid Societies .... 
Amateur Theatricals 
Amemoan Union Commission 
Andeeson, James 
AsPINWALL, Wm. H. . 

Austin, Nevada 



PAGR 

38 and passim. 

15 

. Ill 

. 444,479 

. 407 

67 

. 65 

463 



Bailey & Co., Philadelphia 

Barili, Antonio 

Bellows, II. W. 

Bied's-Nest Bank of Kalamazoo 

Blackberries for the Soldiers 

Broadway Tabernacle 

Beyan, T. B. . 



C. 



California ...... 

Caey, Alice and Phcebe 

Chambersburg Relief .... 

Christian Commission .... 

Citizens' Union Volunteer Hospital Association 



224 

80, 92, 98, 469 

373 

. 102 

39 

161, 427 



91 

41 

412 

336 

421 



508 



INDEX. 



Coleman, "Wm. T. . . , 

Colt, Samuel .... 
CoLYEE, Vincent 
Commission, American Union 
Commission, Ciikistian . 
Commission, Indiana Sanitary 
Commission, Iowa Sanitary 
Commission, United States Sanitary 
Commission, Western Sanitary 
Commissions, State Sanitary 
CooPER-Suop Refreshment Saloon 

CUSHMAN, CuAKLOTTE 



I'AGE 

. 90 

38 

337, -173 

407 

. 336 

319 

. 317 

77 

. 293 

316 

. 415 

225, 250 



Dent, Robert 



D. 



40 



East Tennessee ...... 


. 


387 


409 


Emancipation Proclamation ..... 


. 




161 


Everett, Edward ...... 


. 387, 


414, 


442 


Express Companies ...... 


244 an 


I 2^(isshn. 


F. 








Fair, Sanitary, Lowell ..... 


• 




158 


" " Chicago 






159 


" " Boston ..... 


* 




171 


" " Rochester .... 




. 


172 


" " Great Western, Cincinnati 


. 




178 


" " Brooklyn and Long Island 






190 


" " Albany .... 


. 




206 


" " Northern Ohio. Cleveland 






213 


" " POUGHKEEPSIE .... 


. 




215 


" " Metropolitan, New York 






218 


" " PlTTSBTRGH .... 


. 




245 


" " Great Central, Philadelphia . 






248 


" " Northern Iowa, Dubuque 






277 


" " St. Paul ..... 






283 


" " Chicago, Second 


. 




286 


" " Mississippi Valley 






305 


" " Maryland State 


. 




347 


Farmer, J. W. . 






31 


Fire Ambulance Companies of Philadelphia 


. 




428 


Fire Department of New York .... 






222 



INDEX. 



509 



Fbeedmen's New England Aid Society 
" National Relief Association 

" Pennsylvania Relief Association 

" Noktii-Westekn Aid Society 

" Orthodox Friends' Association 

" Hicksite Friends' Association 

" Relief Associations 

Fund for the Seventh Regiment 

" Union Defence .... 

" Fire Zouave .... 

" Lawyers' ..... 

" Missorp.i ..... 

" Sub.^ceibed by Americans in Paris 

" Philadelphia Bounty 

" Cambridge Life Insurance . 

" Hancock Recruiting 

" Tub Onion ..... 

" Boston, for Western Sanitary Commission 

" FOR Recruiting Colored Regiments 

" Negro Relief .... 

" Police, Fire, and National Guard Relief 

" International Relief 

" East Tennessee .... 

" Ciiambersburg Relief 

" Savannah Relief .... 

" Thanksgiving Dinner 

" Major Anderson .... 

" General Meade .... 

" General Birney .... 

" Vice-Admiral Farragut . 

" General Grant .... 

" Kearsargb .... 

" General Sherman .... 

" General Sedgwick 

" Metropolitan Police 





I-AOE 




307 




. 369 




372 


. 


. 372 




372 


> ■ • 


. 372 




373 




. 29 




33 




. 37 




39 


. 


. 47 




47 




. 50 




68 




. 66 




100 




. . 301 




. 37(;, 379 




. 377 




379 




. 388 




387 




. 412 




413 




. 431 




4.50 




. 450 




451 




. 452 




454 




. 456 




458 




. 460 




47fi 



G. 



Gordon, Rev. George 

Gottsciialk, L. M. 

Gray, Wm. 

Gridley, R. C. 

Gkiswold, N. L. a.sd George 



91 
224 

38 
463 
384 



510 



INDEX. 



HiCKSITB FniEND8' ASSOCIATION 

HoGE, Mrs. A. II. . 



H. 



372 
159, 164, 248 



Indiana Sanitary Commission 
International Relief 
Iowa Sanitary Commission . 



319 

. 383 
317 



Jenkins, J. Foster 

Lincoln, Tribute to 
LiVBRMORE, Mrs. D. p. 

Metropolitan Police 
MuRDOcK, James E. 

Nevada 



L. 



M. 



N. 



O. 

O'Brien, Fitz James .... 

Olmstead, Frederick Law 

Orthodox Friends' Association of Pen.ADELPniA 



. 99 

492 

159, 164, 277 

. 42, 476 
126, 187 

463 



480 

81 

372 



Pension Agency 

Phelps, Mrs. Colonel John S. . 

Pictures Contributed by Artists . 

Plymouth Church 

Protective War Claim Association 



R. 



Raffllng, Argument for and against 
Refreshment Saloon, Cooper-Shop 

" " Union Volunteer 

Refugees' Aid Society 
Relief Associations 
Relief Association of Baltimore . 
Relief Association of Baltimore, Ladies' 
Relief Association, Fort Pitt 

" " National Freedmen's 



483 

296 

46 

39 

482 

105 
415 
415 
411 
335 
424 
326 
477 
336 



INDEX. 



511 







PAGE 


Reubp Association, 


New England Soldiers' 


328 


(1 ^( 


Penn .... 


. 382 


4{ a 


Rose Hill .... 


334 


Reuef, International ..... 


. 383 


Representative Recruits ..... 


er 


Roosevelt, Theo. 


S. 


. 432 


Sack, Sanitary . 


. 


. 463 


Sailors' Home 


. • • 


440 


Sanitary Commission ...... 


. 77 


Sanitary Fairs 




. 96, 158 


Savannah Relief 




. 413 


Sawbuck Rangers 




474 


Shaw, Francis George ...... 


. 369 


Skinner, Rev. D. 




40 


Soldiers' Aid Societies ...... 


. Ill 


Soldiers' Aid Society, Lowell .... 


. 28, 71 


i( a 


Bridgeport . . . . 


. 70, 112, 141 


a ii 


Cleveland 


. 71, 115 


;i n 


New York . . . . 


. 72 


.. u 


Charlestown 


112 


U (( 


PonGHKEEPSIE . . . . 


. 116 


•i 


East Cambridge 


117 


i( u 


Hartford . . . . 


. 118 


4( ii 


LoCKPORT .... 


120 


(I tt 


Newburgh . . . . 


. 121 


U (t 


Worcester .... 


122 


U it 


Toledo . . . . . 


. 123 


I. 


Milwaukie .... 


124 


tl ll 


AUBDRN . . . . . 


. 128 


n a 


Albany .... 


129 


il li 


Columbus . . . . 


. 129 


11 ii 


Boston .... 


. 130, 150 


ii tt 


Providence . . . . 


. 133 


41 4b 


Cambridge .... 


134 


.. 


Dayton . . . . 


. 135 


44 t4 


Detroit .... 


135 


>. 


Buffalo . . . . 


. 137 


44 44 


Taunton .... 


139 


41 4( 


New London . . . . 


. 139 


44 44 


Rochester .... 


139 


4( 44 


Salem . . . . . 


. 141 



512 



INDEX. 



Soldiers' Aid Society, Newbtjetport 
'■ '■ New Haven 

" ■■ Beookltn 

Ltnn . 
Trot 
" " Cambridgepoht 

" " New Brunswick 

St. Lons 
" " Philadelphia 

Soldiers' Home, Chicaqo 

State Sanitary Commissions 

Stetson, Colonel 

Strong, George T. . 

Stttart, George H. . . . 

Sturges, Solomon 

Subsistence Committee, Pittsburgh 



PA8II 

142 

. 143 

145 
. 147 

149 
. 151 

157 
295, 323 

321 
. 426 

310 

. 47 

83 

. 338 

38 

. 425 



Teachers in Boston Public Schools 

Testimonials 

Thanksgiving Dinner 

Thompson, Rev. J. P. . 

Tiffany & Co. 

Transit Aid Association 



39 
450 
431 

407 
220 
428 



Union Defence Committee . 

Union League, Philadelphia . 

Union League, New York . 

Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon 



32 

65 

382 

415 



Vandeebilt, Cornelius 
Vanderbilt, Frigate 

Wandel, Jesse . . . . 

Western Sanitary Commission 
Widows' Wood Society 
Women as Laborers in the Field 
Women of Philadelphia in 1780 . 
Women of Philadelphia in 1861 
Women's Central Association of Relief 



W. 



41 
41 

31 

293 

473 

461 

21 

41 

72 



Ykatman. James E. 



294, 299, 304 



